(仲景无治法今采南阳海藏治法补之)
扁鹊曰舌卷囊缩者死孙真人曰阴阳易病卵缩则舌吐出死凡囊缩有热极而缩者有冷极而缩者凡热极者有可下冷极者
宜急温之下之宜大承气汤温之宜附子四逆加茱萸汤并艾灸关元气海葱熨等法治之
活 伤寒六七日烦满囊缩其脉尺寸俱微缓者足厥阴肝经受病也厥阴病其脉微浮为欲愈不浮为未愈宜小建中汤脉
浮
缓者必囊不缩外证必发热恶寒似疟为欲愈宜桂枝麻黄各半汤若尺寸俱沉短者必是囊缩毒瓦斯入腹宜承气汤下之大抵伤寒
病脏腑传变阳经先受病故次传入阴经以阳主生故太阳水传足阳明土土传足少阳木为微邪也阴主杀故木传足太阴土土传
足少阴水水传足厥阴木至六七日当传厥阴肝木必移气克于脾土脾再受邪则五脏六腑皆因而危殆荣卫不通耳聋囊缩不知
人而死矣速用承气汤下之可保五生一死古人云脾热病则五脏危又土为木贼则死若第六七日传厥阴脉得微缓微浮为脾胃
脉也故知脾气全不受克邪无所容否极泰来荣卫将复水升火降则寒热作而大汗解矣
海 厥阴证者烦满囊缩大小便不通发热引饮腹满尺脉微缓烦者火也满者木也虽不吐蛔囊缩但急者木也火与木相
合
四肢厥逆而爪甲青大小便不通道塞也发热引饮邪气在里宜温之下之以上诸证大小便俱通地道不塞不发渴不引饮邪不在
里则宜温之灸之则里外相接以复阳气宜服正阳散
正阳散方
麝香(一钱细研性辛温治腹急满痞风毒) 干姜(炮) 甘草(炙各二钱半) 附子(一两炮去皮脐味辛咸温治风
利窍疗腹满囊缩) 皂荚(二两酥炙去皮弦味咸温)上为细末每服二钱白汤调温服
回阳丹
硫黄(半两味酸温大热治心腹肿聚邪气冷癖左胁气咳上气脚冷无力) 附子(炮半两) 木香(半两味辛温疗肌中
偏寒生气不足乏精) 全蝎(半两味甘辛治一切风) 荜澄茄(半两味辛温治皮风心腹气胀) 吴茱萸(洗炒半两味辛
温大热治中风遂邪诸食不消气逆利五脏顺气) 干姜(炮二钱半)上为末酒糊为丸如梧桐子大生姜汤下三五十丸并二三
服并热投之衣被取汗
扁鹊说:舌体卷缩、阴囊收缩的,是死证。孙思邈说:阴阳易病中,若睾丸上缩则舌头吐出,也是死证。大凡阴囊收缩,有的是因热极所致而收缩,有的是因冷极所致而收缩。凡是热极者,有可用攻下法的;冷极者,宜急用温补法。攻下法宜用大承气汤;温补法宜用附子四逆加吴茱萸汤,并配合艾灸关元穴、气海穴,以及葱熨等法治之。
活人书说:伤寒病六七日,出现烦闷、阴囊收缩,脉象尺寸部俱见微缓的,这是足厥阴肝经受邪所致。厥阴病,其脉微浮为欲愈之兆,不浮则为未愈。若脉象浮缓,则必然阴囊不收缩,外证必定发热、恶寒,类似疟疾,此为欲愈之象,宜用桂枝麻黄各半汤。若尺寸部脉俱沉短,则必然是阴囊收缩,毒瓦斯入腹,宜用承气汤攻下。大抵伤寒病,脏腑传变规律是阳经先受病,故依次传入阴经。因为阳主生发,所以太阳水经传至足阳明土经,再传至足少阳木经,这属于微邪。阴主肃杀,所以木经传至足太阴土经,土经传至足少阴水经,水经传至足厥阴木经。到了第六七日,应当传至厥阴肝木经,此时必会移气克制脾土,脾土再次受邪,则五脏六腑皆因此危殆,营卫不通,耳聋,阴囊收缩,神志昏迷而死。此时速用承气汤攻下,可保五成生机,一成死亡。古人说:脾热病则五脏危殆;又言土被木贼则死。若第六七日传至厥阴,脉得微缓、微浮,这是脾胃脉象,故知脾气完全不受克制,邪气无所容留。否极泰来,营卫将复,水升火降,则寒热发作而大汗解表。
海藏说:厥阴证者,出现烦闷、阴囊收缩、大小便不通、发热、引饮(口渴想喝水)、腹满、尺脉微缓。烦,是因为火邪;满,是因为木邪。虽然不吐蛔虫,但阴囊收缩且紧急者,属木邪盛;火与木相合,导致四肢厥逆而爪甲青紫,大小便不通,气道闭塞。发热引饮,说明邪气在里,宜用温法和下法。以上诸证,若大小便俱通,地道不塞,不发渴,不引饮,说明邪不在里,则宜用温法、灸法,使里外相接以恢复阳气,宜服用正阳散。
正阳散方:
麝香(一钱,细研,性辛温,主治腹急满痞、风毒),干姜(炮制),甘草(炙,各二钱半),附子(一两,炮制,去皮脐,味辛咸温,主治风邪、利窍、疗腹满、囊缩),皂荚(二两,酥炙,去皮弦,味咸温)。以上为细末,每服二钱,白开水调匀温服。
回阳丹:
硫黄(半两,味酸温,大热,主治心腹肿聚、邪气冷癖、左胁气、咳上气、脚冷无力),附子(炮制,半两),木香(半两,味辛温,主治肌中偏寒、生气不足、乏精),全蝎(半两,味甘辛,主治一切风),荜澄茄(半两,味辛温,主治皮风、心腹气胀),吴茱萸(洗炒,半两,味辛温,大热,主治中风遂邪、诸食不消、气逆、利五脏、顺气),干姜(炮制,二钱半)。以上为末,酒糊为丸,如梧桐子大,生姜汤送下三五十丸,连服二三服,并需热投衣被取汗。
(Zhang Zhongjing's original text lacks this treatment method; here, the therapeutic principles from Nanyang Haicang are collected to supplement it.)
Bian Que stated: Tongue retraction and scrotal contraction indicate a fatal condition. Sun Simiao stated: In the disease of Yin-Yang Exchange (Yin Yang Yi), if the testes retract and the tongue protrudes, it is also a fatal condition. Generally, scrotal contraction may result from extreme heat or extreme cold. For cases of extreme heat, purgation may be applicable; for cases of extreme cold, urgent warming is required. For purgation, Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) should be used; for warming, Fuzi Sini Jia Zhuyu Tang (Aconite Counterflow Rescue Decoction plus Evodiae Fructus) should be used, combined with moxibustion at Guanyuan (CV 4) and Qihai (CV 6) acupoints, and treatments such as ginger-warming therapy.
The Huorenshu states: In typhoid fever, after six or seven days, if there is irritability, fullness, and scrotal contraction, and the pulse at both cun and chi positions is slightly slow and moderate, this indicates pathogenic invasion of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. In Jueyin disease, a slightly floating pulse indicates recovery, while a non-floating pulse indicates no recovery. If the pulse is floating and slow, the scrotum will not contract; external symptoms must include fever and aversion to cold, resembling malaria, which indicates impending recovery. Gui Zhi Ma Huang Ge Ban Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Half-Dose Decoction) should be used. If the pulses at both cun and chi positions are deep and short, scrotal contraction is certain, indicating toxic pathogens have entered the abdomen. Cheng Qi Tang (Order the Qi Decoction) should be used for purgation. Generally, in typhoid fever, the transmission of pathogens among zang-fu organs follows the pattern where Yang meridians are affected first, subsequently transmitting to Yin meridians. Since Yang governs life-generating processes, Taiyang Water transmits to Foot-Yangming Earth, and then to Foot-Shaoyang Wood, representing minor pathogens. Since Yin governs killing/declining processes, Wood transmits to Foot-Taiyin Earth, Earth to Foot-Shaoyin Water, and Water to Foot-Jueyin Wood. By the sixth or seventh day, transmission reaches the Jueyin Liver Wood meridian. At this stage, qi must shift to overcome Spleen Earth. If Spleen Earth suffers further pathogenic invasion, all five zang and six fu organs become critical. Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive qi) cease to circulate, leading to deafness, scrotal contraction, unconsciousness, and death. Urgent purgation with Cheng Qi Tang can save five out of ten patients, with one dying. Ancient texts state: Heat disease of the Spleen endangers the five zang organs; furthermore, if Earth is attacked by Wood, death ensues. If on the sixth or seventh day, transmission reaches Jueyin and the pulse becomes slightly slow and slightly floating, these are Spleen-Stomach pulse characteristics. Thus, it is known that Spleen qi is completely unopposed, pathogens have no place to reside. From extreme decline comes prosperity; Ying and Wei will recover, Water ascends and Fire descends, resulting in alternating chills and fever followed by profuse sweating and resolution of the exterior.
Haicang stated: In Jueyin syndrome, symptoms include irritability, fullness, scrotal contraction, obstruction of urination and defecation, fever, thirst with desire to drink, abdominal fullness, and a slightly slow chi pulse. Irritability is due to Fire; fullness is due to Wood. Although roundworms are not vomited, scrotal contraction with tension indicates excessive Wood. The combination of Fire and Wood leads to cold limbs and cyanosis of the fingernails/toenails, obstruction of urination and defecation, and blockage of the pathways. Fever and thirst indicate pathogens are interior; thus, warming and purgative methods are appropriate. In the aforementioned conditions, if urination and defecation are unobstructed, the lower pathway is clear, there is no thirst, and no desire to drink, it indicates pathogens are not interior. In such cases, warming and moxibustion should be used to connect interior and exterior to restore Yang qi. Zheng Yang San (Upright Yang Powder) should be administered.
Zheng Yang San Formula:
She Xiang (Musk, 1 qian, finely ground; nature pungent and warm; treats abdominal urgency, fullness, stagnation, and wind-toxin); Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger, processed); Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried; each 2.5 qian); Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, 1 liang, processed, skin and umbilicus removed; nature pungent, salty, and warm; treats wind pathogens, opens orifices, treats abdominal fullness, and scrotal contraction); Zao Jia (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit, 2 liang, fried in butter, pod removed; nature salty and warm). Grind all into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with white water and taken warm.
Hui Yang Dan (Return Yang Pill):
Liu Huang (Sulfur, 0.5 liang; nature sour, warm, extremely hot; treats heart and abdominal masses, cold phlegm accumulation, left hypochondriac qi, cough with upward rushing qi, cold feet, and weakness); Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, 0.5 liang); Mu Xiang (Vladimiria Root, 0.5 liang; nature pungent and warm; treats localized cold in muscles, deficiency of vital qi, and essence depletion); Quan Xie (Scorpion, 0.5 liang; nature sweet and pungent; treats all types of wind); Bi Cheng Qie (Galangal Fruit, 0.5 liang; nature pungent and warm; treats cutaneous wind and abdominal distension); Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, washed and stir-fried, 0.5 liang; nature pungent, warm, extremely hot; treats wind-stroke pathogens, indigestion, rebellious qi, benefits the five zang organs, and regulates qi); Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger, 2.5 qian). Grind into powder, mix with wine paste to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30-50 pills with fresh ginger decoction. Administer two or three doses, ensure warmth with clothing and blankets to induce sweating.