钱氏治法，在夏秋用玉露散、益黄散相间服，在冬春用益黄散、大青膏相间服。
四君子汤 治脾气虚损，吐泻少食。
人参 白术 茯苓 甘草（各等分）
上，每服二钱，姜枣水煎。
六君子汤 即四君子加陈皮半夏，治脾胃气虚，吐泻不食，肌肉消瘦，或肺虚痰嗽，
喘促恶寒，或肝虚惊搐，目眩自汗诸证，并宜服之，以滋化源。
钱氏异功散 温中和气，治吐泻不思乳食，凡小儿虚冷病，先与数服，以正其气。
人参 茯苓 白术 甘草 陈皮（各等分） 一方，加木香。
上为细末。每服二钱，水一盏，生姜五片，枣二枚，同煎。（海藏云∶此方，四君子汤、补脾汤加减法也。）
愚按∶前方治脾胃虚弱，吐泻不食，或惊搐痰盛，或睡而露睛，手足指冷，或脾肺虚弱，咳嗽
吐痰，或虚热上攻，口舌生疮，弄舌流涎。若母有证，致儿患此者，子、母并服之。
《和剂》观音散 治小儿外感风冷，内伤脾胃，呕逆吐泻，不进乳食，久则渐至羸瘦。
大抵脾虚则泻，胃虚则吐，脾胃俱虚，则吐泻不已，此药大能温养脾胃，进美饮食。
石莲肉（去心） 人参 神曲（炒。各三钱） 茯苓（二钱） 甘草（炙） 木香 绵黄 （炙）
白扁豆（炒，去皮） 白术（各一钱）
上锉散。每服二钱，水一盏，枣一枚，藿香三叶煎，温服。
温中丸 治小儿泻白，胃寒故也，腹痛肠鸣，吐酸水，不思饮食，霍乱吐泻。
人参 白术 甘草（各等分）
上为末。姜汁面糊丸，如绿豆大。米饮下二三十丸，无时。
和中散 和胃止吐泻，定烦渴，治腹痛。
人参 茯苓 白术 甘草（炙） 干葛 黄 （炙） 白扁豆（炒） 藿香（各等分）
上为细末。每服三钱，水一盏半，枣二枚去核，生姜五片，煎八分，食前温服。
（海藏云∶和中散，四君子汤加减法。）
曾氏和中散附 主久病才愈，面黄清瘦，神昏气弱，脾胃未实，食物过伤，停饮生痰，留滞中脘，
耗虚真气，或成吐泻。此药性味甘平，大能调治，常服和胃气，进饮食，悦颜色，理风痰。
人参（去芦） 白扁豆（炒，去壳） 白茯苓（去皮） 川芎 缩砂仁 半夏（制） 香附子 甘草
（炙。各一两） 肉豆蔻 诃子（去核。各七钱半）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，姜三片，枣一枚，煎七分，空心温服，或不拘时。
〔毛彬〕治胃气不和，吐泻不止，痰逆不食。平胃，引行诸药。银白散
半夏（一两，洗七次，焙，姜、制饼） 白扁豆（炒） 莺粟米 人参 白术（焙） 白茯苓 山药（各四钱）
上为细末。每服二钱，水八分，姜二片，枣一枚，煎六分，温服。
东垣人参安胃散（脾）
钱乙的治疗法则，在夏秋季节交替服用玉露散和益黄散，在冬春季节交替服用益黄散和大青膏。
四君子汤（Four Gentlemen Decoction）：治疗脾气虚损引起的呕吐、腹泻及食欲不振。
药材组成：人参、白术、茯苓、甘草（各等分）。
用法：每次服用二钱，用生姜和大枣煎水送服。
六君子汤（Six Gentlemen Decoction）：即在四君子汤基础上加入陈皮和半夏，治疗脾胃气虚导致的呕吐、腹泻、不能进食、肌肉消瘦，或者肺虚引起的痰嗽、气喘急促、怕冷，以及肝虚引起的惊厥抽搐、头晕目眩、自汗等症状，均适宜服用，以滋养化源（脾胃为气血生化之源）。
钱乙的异功散（Yi Gong San）：具有温中和胃、调顺气机的作用，治疗呕吐、腹泻、不想吃奶或食物。凡是小儿患有虚寒性疾病，先给予几次服用，以纠正其正气。
药材组成：人参、茯苓、白术、甘草、陈皮（各等分）。另一版本方剂中加入木香。
用法：将上述药材研成细末。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，生姜五片，大枣二枚，共同煎煮。（张元素海藏云：此方是四君子汤和补脾汤的加减法。）
笔者按语：前方用于治疗脾胃虚弱，出现呕吐、腹泻、不能进食，或者惊厥抽搐、痰多，或者睡觉时眼睛半睁（露睛），手足指尖发冷，或者脾肺虚弱，咳嗽吐痰，或者虚热上攻导致口舌生疮、伸舌流涎等症状。如果母亲有这些证候导致孩子患病，母子应同时服用。
《太平惠民和剂局方》中的观音散（Guanyin San）：治疗小儿外感风冷，内伤脾胃，引起呕吐逆气、腹泻，不能进食乳食，日久逐渐导致身体瘦弱。
大抵而言，脾虚则腹泻，胃虚则呕吐，脾胃俱虚，则呕吐腹泻不止，此药能很好地温养脾胃，增进食欲。
药材组成：石莲肉（去心）、人参、神曲（炒，各三钱）、茯苓（二钱）、甘草（炙）、木香、绵黄芪（炙）、白扁豆（炒，去皮）、白术（各一钱）。
用法：将药材切碎成散剂。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，大枣一枚，藿香三叶，共同煎煮，温服。
温中丸（Wenzhong Wan）：治疗小儿大便色白，这是因为胃寒所致，症状包括腹痛、肠鸣、吐酸水、不思饮食、霍乱引起的呕吐腹泻。
药材组成：人参、白术、甘草（各等分）。
用法：将药材研成粉末，用姜汁和面糊制成丸药，大小如绿豆。用米汤送服二三十丸，不限时间。
和中散（Hezhong San）：调和胃气，止住呕吐腹泻，消除烦渴，治疗腹痛。
药材组成：人参、茯苓、白术、甘草（炙）、干葛根、黄芪（炙）、白扁豆（炒）、藿香（各等分）。
用法：将药材研成细末。每次服用三钱，用水一盏半，大枣二枚去核，生姜五片，煎至八分满，饭前温服。（张元素海藏云：和中散是四君子汤的加减法。）
曾氏和中散附方（Zeng's Hezhong San Supplement）：主治久病初愈后，面色发黄清瘦，精神昏沉，气息微弱，脾胃功能尚未恢复坚实，因饮食过量损伤，停饮生痰，停滞在中脘，耗伤虚弱的真气，或者形成呕吐腹泻。此药性味甘平，具有很强的调理作用，常服可调和胃气，增进饮食，使面色红润，调理风痰。
药材组成：人参（去芦头）、白扁豆（炒，去壳）、白茯苓（去皮）、川芎、缩砂仁、半夏（制）、香附子、甘草（炙，各一两）、肉豆蔻、诃子（去核，各七钱半）。
用法：将药材切碎。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，生姜三片，大枣一枚，煎至七分满，空腹温服，或不拘泥于特定时间。
〔毛彬〕银白散（Yinbai San）：治疗胃气不和，呕吐腹泻不止，痰逆不能进食。以平胃散为基础引经行药。
药材组成：半夏（一两，洗七次，焙干，姜制饼状）、白扁豆（炒）、罂粟米、人参、白术（焙）、白茯苓、山药（各四钱）。
用法：将药材研成细末。每次服用二钱，用水八分，生姜二片，大枣一枚，煎至六分满，温服。
Qian Yi's treatment principles involve alternating the administration of Yulu San (Dew Dispelling Powder) and Yihuang San (Yellow Protecting Powder) during summer and autumn, and alternating Yihuang San (Yellow Protecting Powder) with Daqing Gao (Big Blue Ointment) during winter and spring.
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction): Treats vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia caused by Spleen Qi deficiency (deficiency of the functional activity of the Spleen).
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) in equal proportions.
Administration: Take two qian per dose, decocted with Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) and Dazao (Jujube Fruit).
Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction): Consists of Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma). It treats vomiting, diarrhea, inability to eat, emaciation due to Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency (deficiency of the functional activities of the Spleen and Stomach); or phlegm-cough, panting, aversion to cold due to Lung deficiency; as well as convulsions, vertigo, and spontaneous sweating due to Liver deficiency. It is suitable for all these conditions to nourish the source of transformation (the Spleen and Stomach being the source of Qi and Blood production).
Qian Yi's Yigong San (Yi Gong San): Warms the middle and harmonizes Qi. It treats vomiting, diarrhea, and refusal of milk or food. For pediatric deficiency-cold diseases, administer several doses first to rectify Zheng Qi (Upright Qi).
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) in equal proportions. Another prescription adds Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix).
Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take two qian per dose, decoct with one sheng of water, five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome), and two Jujube fruits. (Zhang Yuansu [Haicang] stated: This prescription is a modification of Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) and Bupi Tang (Spleen Tonifying Decoction).)
Author's Note: The preceding prescriptions treat Spleen and Stomach weakness manifesting as vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, or convulsions with excessive phlegm, sleeping with eyes partially open (exposed eyes), cold fingertips, or Spleen-Lung weakness causing cough and expectoration. They also address deficiency-heat attacking upward causing mouth and tongue ulcers, tongue protrusion, and drooling. If the mother has these syndromes leading to the child's illness, both mother and child should take the medicine.
Guanyin San (Guanyin Powder) from *Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*: Treats children suffering from external wind-cold invasion and internal damage to the Spleen and Stomach, resulting in retching, vomiting, diarrhea, and refusal of milk/food, eventually leading to emaciation over time.
Generally speaking, Spleen deficiency leads to diarrhea, Stomach deficiency leads to vomiting, and combined Spleen-Stomach deficiency leads to persistent vomiting and diarrhea. This medicine effectively warms and nourishes the Spleen and Stomach and promotes appetite.
Ingredients: Shilian Rou (Nelumbinis Semen, heart removed), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) stir-fried (3 qian each), Fuling (Poria) (2 qian), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) honey-fried, Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Mian Huangqi (Astragali Radix) honey-fried, Bai Biandou (Lablab Album Seed) stir-fried and peeled, Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (1 qian each).
Administration: Cut into coarse pieces for decoction. Take two qian per dose, decoct with one sheng of water, one Jujube fruit, and three leaves of Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), and take warm.
Wenzhong Wan (Warm the Middle Pill): Treats white stools in children, caused by Stomach cold. Symptoms include abdominal pain, borborygmus, regurgitation of sour fluid, anorexia, and cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) in equal proportions.
Administration: Grind into powder. Form pills using ginger juice and flour paste, sized like mung beans. Take 20-30 pills with rice drink, at any time.
Hezhong San (Harmonize the Middle Powder): Harmonizes the Stomach, stops vomiting and diarrhea, relieves irritability and thirst, and treats abdominal pain.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) honey-fried, Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix) honey-fried, Bai Biandou (Lablab Album Seed) stir-fried, Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) in equal proportions.
Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take three qian per dose, decoct with one and a half sheng of water, two pitted Jujube fruits, and five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome), until reduced to eight-tenths volume. Take warm before meals. (Zhang Yuansu [Haicang] stated: Hezhong San is a modification of Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction).)
Zeng's Hezhong San Supplement: Mainly indicated for patients recovering from prolonged illness, presenting with sallow complexion, thinness, mental confusion, weak breath, unconsolidated Spleen and Stomach functions. It addresses damage from overeating, retention of fluids generating phlegm, stagnation in the Zhongwan region, consumption of deficient Zheng Qi (Upright Qi), or development of vomiting and diarrhea. The medicine is sweet and neutral in nature, strongly regulating. Regular use harmonizes Stomach Qi, promotes diet, improves complexion, and resolves wind-phlegm.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix) de-gorged, Bai Biandou (Lablab Album Seed) stir-fried and shelled, Bai Fuling (Poria) peeled, Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Suosharen (Amomi Fructus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) processed, Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) honey-fried (1 liang each), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus) pitted (7.5 qian each).
Administration: Cut into coarse pieces. Take two qian per dose, decoct with one sheng of water, three slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome), and one Jujube fruit, until reduced to seven-tenths volume. Take warm on an empty stomach, or at any time.
[Mao Bin]'s Yinbai San (Silver White Powder): Treats disharmony of Stomach Qi, persistent vomiting and diarrhea, rebellious phlegm, and inability to eat. Uses Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder) as a guiding formula to distribute the other herbs.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (1 liang, washed seven times, dried, prepared with ginger into cakes), Bai Biandou (Lablab Album Seed) stir-fried, Yingsumi (Papaveris Semen), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) dried, Bai Fuling (Poria), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) (4 qian each).
Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take two qian per dose, decoct with eight-tenths sheng of water, two slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome), and one Jujube fruit, until reduced to six-tenths volume. Take warm.
Dongyuan's Renshen Anwei San (Ginseng Stomach-Anchoring Powder by Li Dongyuan) (for the Spleen)