羸瘦不生肌肤 胃 （灸一壮。）
〔田〕小儿疳瘦。于胸下骨尖上灸三壮，次于脊下端尾翠骨尾上灸三壮。
小儿疳瘦脱肛，体瘦渴饮，形容瘦悴，诸方不瘥者。取尾翠骨上三寸骨陷中灸三壮。
小儿身羸瘦，贲豚腹肿，四肢懈惰，肩背不举。章门二穴各灸七壮。
汤氏云∶小儿鹤节，由禀赋不足，血气不荣，肌肉瘦瘠，则骨节皆露，如鹤之
足，皆肾虚不生骨髓之故。治法宜钱氏地黄丸加鹿茸、牛膝。
地黄丸 治头囟不合，体瘦骨露，有如鹤膝，皆肾虚不足。并治肾疳天柱倾倒。肾主骨也。
熟地黄（洗，焙，八钱） 泽泻（洗，二钱） 牡丹皮（去心） 白茯苓（各三钱） 山茱萸肉 牛膝 鹿
茸（酥炙） 山药（各四钱）
为末，蜜丸梧子大。三岁以下三二丸，温水空心化下。
（疳胀异名）
巢氏云∶小儿丁奚病者，由哺食过度，而脾胃尚弱，不能磨消故也。哺食不消，
则水谷之精减损，无以荣其气血，致肌肉消瘠，其病腹大、颈小、黄瘦是也，若
久不瘥，则变成谷 。伤饱哺露病一名丁奚，三种大体相似，轻重立名也。《真
珠囊》凡小儿或因吐而泻，久不瘥，或病退不能行，膝大，肠红，号曰丁奚。七
岁以下号鼓棰风。十五以下名鹤膝风。盖此并是风冷伤于肾所致，肾主骨故也。
庄氏，疳胀、丁奚辨证云∶小儿腹大，如有青筋见，即曰疳胀也。如无青筋，乃
名丁奚。是因过饱伤食而得之。〔曾〕丁奚者，亦久积成疳之证，皆因饮食过伤于
脾胃，脾胃虚，不能磨化饮食，饮食渐减，无以生其气血，面白色惨，潮热往来，
腹大而多青筋，手足如筒，颅囟开解，颈项小而身黄瘦。先投万应丸（通治五疳），次参
苓白术散（不乳食）早晨一服，与养胃气，及醍醐散进食，食后下乌犀丸（积）三粒至五粒，
助脾化食，此即用迎夺之法。间投醒脾散（慢惊）、沉香槟榔丸、木香莪术丸（宿食），次第
调理。有渴泻腹痛，千金膏自好。若脾气稍和，饮食渐进，再以化癖丸（积）、快活丸
常服。或用乌犀丸略下二三行，匀气散（疝）止补。有寒热往来，柴胡饮（疳热）主之。腹胀，
投南星腹皮散（水肿）。有余热，麦芽、柳枝煎汤，调三解散（潮热）。有虫，下使君子丸（腹痛）。
斯疾得之非一朝一夕，然施治之法，亦须渐渐令其平复，欲求速效，则难矣。凡鸡
酒羊面鱼 甘甜生冷毒物，宜忌之。
十全丹 治丁奚、哺露，神效。
槟榔 枳壳（麸炒） 青皮 陈皮 三棱（炒） 蓬术（炒） 砂仁（各半两） 丁香 木香（各一分） 香附（一
两）
上为末，神曲糊丸如黍米大。空心食前，米饮下百丸。一方，去香附、砂仁、
丁香、三棱、枳壳，加五灵脂、白蔻、使君子、芦荟、虾蟆、川芎。
醍醐散 治吐泻后调和脾胃，消进饮食，及丁奚哺露虚热烦渴，气逆心恶。
陈皮（去白） 缩砂仁 浓朴（去粗皮。锉碎，姜汁浸一宿，慢火焙干） 麦芽（洗净，焙干） 乌梅（和核。各
五钱） 良姜（锉，东壁土炒） 干葛 乌药（各二钱半） 草果仁（炮，二钱） 甘草（炙，三钱）
上碎。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，枣一枚，盐少许，煎七分。空心温服。
快活丸 治丁奚疳证，皮肤瘦削，骨露如柴，肚大青筋，小便白浊，睡卧烦躁，神
气昏沉，常服健脾化积，进食肥肌。
蒸饼（一两，去顶剜空，入青矾半钱重，仍以碎饼屑紧塞，上用水纸封定，灰火中炮透，取出候冷用之）
上件锉焙为末，别以肥枣用米泔水浸经一宿，饭上蒸少时，去皮核，用乳钵烂
杵如糊，同前饼末，亭分再杵匀，丸麻仁大。每服三十丸至五十丸，温米清汤，
无时送下，儿小者亦以米汤化服。其蒸饼不拘个数，大约以一两入青矾半钱重为
定，下常如前法制半斤作一料。后人切勿以见方不重药为误，余尝屡试屡验，其
饼如南馒头样者是也。
《圣惠》赤芍药丸 治小儿丁奚，虽食不生肌肉，腹大食不消化。
赤芍药 川大黄（微炒） 鳖甲（醋涂，炙令黄，去裙 。各三分） 桂心 赤茯苓 柴胡（去苗）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。每服，煎蜜汤下五丸，日三服。
《婴孺》芍药丸 治小儿百病，有寒热，大腹，食不消化，不生肌肉，痿痹。
芍药 茯苓 大黄（各五分） 柴胡（四分） 鳖甲（三分炙） 桂心（二分） 人参（一分，一方二分）
上为末，蜜丸。三岁以下服三小豆大，不知加之，七八岁三桐子大，不知加之。
苦腹坚大者，加鳖甲一分。渴者，加栝蒌二分。病甚者服二十日效，已试大良。
一方，有杏仁二两，人参三分。
张涣大麝香丹 治小儿羸瘦，腹大见青筋，及丁奚等病。
麝香（研） 朱砂（细研水飞） 粉霜（研。各半两） 五灵脂 肉豆蔻仁 干蟾（涂酥炙。各一两） 夜明
砂白矾灰（各半两） 干地龙（炒，一分） 干蜣螂（七个，去翅，炙令黄熟）
上件捣，罗为末，与朱砂等同研匀细，炼蜜和如黍米大。每服三粒至五粒，温
水下，量儿大小加减服之。
初虞世治小儿腹如蜘蛛，四肢瘦者。用黑骨鸡子，破顶，入蜘蛛一枚于内，以湿纸
糊窍，用文武火煨熟，去蜘蛛，食其鸡子。累效，必数枚方愈。
《肘后方》捣生薤根，以猪脂煎，稍稍服。或熟炙鼠肉哺之。亦治哺露。
羸瘦不生肌肤 胃 （灸一壮。）
【译文】身体消瘦、肌肉不长，取胃穴（此处指特定部位或穴位，原文未明示具体名称，仅言“胃”），艾灸一壮。
〔田〕小儿疳瘦。于胸下骨尖上灸三壮，次于脊下端尾翠骨尾上灸三壮。
【译文】田氏认为：小儿患疳积消瘦症。在胸部下方的肋骨尖端处艾灸三壮，接着在脊柱下端尾椎骨上方艾灸三壮。
小儿疳瘦脱肛，体瘦渴饮，形容瘦悴，诸方不瘥者。取尾翠骨上三寸骨陷中灸三壮。
【译文】小儿患疳积消瘦并伴有脱肛，身体消瘦且口渴饮水，面容憔悴，用各种方法治疗都不见效的。取尾椎骨上方三寸处的骨凹陷中，艾灸三壮。
小儿身羸瘦，贲豚腹肿，四肢懈惰，肩背不举。章门二穴各灸七壮。
【译文】小儿身体极度消瘦，气逆上冲如奔豚状且腹部肿胀，四肢懈怠无力，肩膀和背部无法抬起。取双侧章门穴，每穴各艾灸七壮。
汤氏云∶小儿鹤节，由禀赋不足，血气不荣，肌肉瘦瘠，则骨节皆露，如鹤之足，皆肾虚不生骨髓之故。治法宜钱氏地黄丸加鹿茸、牛膝。
【译文】汤氏说：小儿患鹤节病（一种佝偻病样症状，表现为关节粗大如鹤脚），是由于先天禀赋不足，气血不能滋养身体，导致肌肉瘦弱萎缩，从而使骨节全部显露出来，就像鹤的脚一样，这都是因为肾气虚弱、不能化生骨髓的缘故。治疗方法适宜使用钱乙的地黄丸，加入鹿茸和牛膝。
地黄丸 治头囟不合，体瘦骨露，有如鹤膝，皆肾虚不足。并治肾疳天柱倾倒。肾主骨也。
【译文】地黄丸：治疗头顶囟门迟闭不合，身体消瘦骨骼外露，形态像鹤膝风，这些都是由于肾气虚亏不足引起的。同时也治疗肾疳导致的“天柱倒”（颈椎软弱无力，头项不能直立）。因为肾主管骨骼的生长。
熟地黄（洗，焙，八钱） 泽泻（洗，二钱） 牡丹皮（去心） 白茯苓（各三钱） 山茱萸肉 牛膝 鹿茸（酥炙） 山药（各四钱）
【译文】配方组成：熟地黄（清洗，烘焙，八钱）、泽泻（清洗，二钱）、牡丹皮（去掉心部）、白茯苓（各三钱）、山茱萸肉、牛膝、鹿茸（用酥油炙烤）、山药（各四钱）。
为末，蜜丸梧子大。三岁以下三二丸，温水空心化下。
【译文】将上述药材研成细末，用蜂蜜制成梧桐子大小的药丸。三岁以下的幼儿每次服用二三丸，空腹时用温开水送服化开。
巢氏云∶小儿丁奚病者，由哺食过度，而脾胃尚弱，不能磨消故也。哺食不消，则水谷之精减损，无以荣其气血，致肌肉消瘠，其病腹大、颈小、黄瘦是也，若久不瘥，则变成谷 。伤饱哺露病一名丁奚，三种大体相似，轻重立名也。《真珠囊》凡小儿或因吐而泻，久不瘥，或病退不能行，膝大，肠红，号曰丁奚。七岁以下号鼓棰风。十五以下名鹤膝风。盖此并是风冷伤于肾所致，肾主骨故也。
【译文】巢元方说：小儿患丁奚病，是因为喂养食物过多，而小儿脾胃功能还很虚弱，不能消化磨碎食物的缘故。食物不能消化，就会损伤水谷的精微物质，导致气血失去滋养，致使肌肉消瘦萎缩，这种病症表现为肚子大、脖子小、面色萎黄消瘦。如果长时间不好，就会演变成“谷癉”（一种严重的营养不良性疾病）。“伤饱”、“哺露”病有一个别名叫做丁奚，这三种病大体相似，只是根据病情的轻重来命名。《真珠囊》记载：凡是小儿因为呕吐导致腹泻，长期不好，或者病愈后不能行走，膝盖肿大，大便带血（肠红），称为丁奚。七岁以下的称为鼓槌风。十五岁以下的称为鹤膝风。大概这些病都是风寒湿邪伤害肾脏所致，因为肾主管骨骼的缘故。
庄氏，疳胀、丁奚辨证云∶小儿腹大，如有青筋见，即曰疳胀也。如无青筋，乃名丁奚。是因过饱伤食而得之。〔曾〕丁奚者，亦久积成疳之证，皆因饮食过伤于脾胃，脾胃虚，不能磨化饮食，饮食渐减，无以生其气血，面白色惨，潮热往来，腹大而多青筋，手足如筒，颅囟开解，颈项小而身黄瘦。先投万应丸（通治五疳），次参苓白术散（不乳食）早晨一服，与养胃气，及醍醐散进食，食后下乌犀丸（积）三粒至五粒，助脾化食，此即用迎夺之法。间投醒脾散（慢惊）、沉香槟榔丸、木香莪术丸（宿食），次第调理。有渴泻腹痛，千金膏自好。若脾气稍和，饮食渐进，再以化癖丸（积）、快活丸常服。或用乌犀丸略下二三行，匀气散（疝）止补。有寒热往来，柴胡饮（疳热）主之。腹胀，投南星腹皮散（水肿）。有余热，麦芽、柳枝煎汤，调三解散（潮热）。有虫，下使君子丸（腹痛）。斯疾得之非一朝一夕，然施治之法，亦须渐渐令其平复，欲求速效，则难矣。凡鸡酒羊面鱼 甘甜生冷毒物，宜忌之。
【译文】庄氏在疳胀与丁奚的辨证中说：小儿肚子大，如果看到有青筋暴露，就叫做疳胀。如果没有青筋暴露，就叫做丁奚。这是因过饱损伤饮食而引起的。曾氏说：丁奚病，也是长期积滞形成疳证的病症，都是因为饮食过度损伤了脾胃，脾胃虚弱，不能磨化消化饮食，导致饮食摄入逐渐减少，无法生成气血，面色苍白惨淡，出现潮热往来，肚子大且有很多青筋，手脚像圆筒一样细，头颅囟门开裂，脖子小且身体黄瘦。治疗时先用万应丸（通用治疗五种疳证），再用参苓白术散（针对不吃奶食的情况）早晨服用一次，以养护胃气，以及服用醍醐散促进进食，饭后服用乌犀丸（针对积滞）三粒到五粒，帮助脾胃消化食物，这就是采用“迎夺”（攻补兼施或顺势而为）的方法。间歇性使用醒脾散（针对慢惊风）、沉香槟榔丸、木香莮术丸（针对宿食），按次序进行调理。如果有口渴、腹泻、腹痛的症状，用千金膏自行调治即可。如果脾气稍微调和，饮食逐渐增加，再长期服用化癖丸（针对积滞）、快活丸。或者偶尔用乌犀丸轻微通便两三次，然后用匀气散（针对疝气）停止攻伐转为补益。如果有寒热往来的症状，用柴胡饮（针对疳热）主治。如果腹胀，用南星腹皮散（针对水肿）。如果有残余的热邪，用麦芽、柳枝煎汤，调服三解散（针对潮热）。如果有寄生虫，服用使君子丸（针对腹痛）。这个疾病不是一朝一夕形成的，然而治疗的方法，也必须让它慢慢恢复平衡，想要追求快速见效，就很难做到了。凡是鸡肉、酒类、羊肉、面食、鱼类以及甘甜、生冷、有毒的食物，都应该禁忌。
十全丹 治丁奚、哺露，神效。
【译文】十全丹：治疗丁奚病、哺露病，效果神奇。
槟榔 枳壳（麸炒） 青皮 陈皮 三棱（炒） 蓬术（炒） 砂仁（各半两） 丁香 木香（各一分） 香附（一两）
【译文】配方组成：槟榔、枳壳（麦麸炒）、青皮、陈皮、三棱（炒）、蓬术（炒）、砂仁（各半两）、丁香、木香（各一分）、香附（一两）。
上为末，神曲糊丸如黍米大。空心食前，米饮下百丸。一方，去香附、砂仁、丁香、三棱、枳壳，加五灵脂、白蔻、使君子、芦荟、虾蟆、川芎。
【译文】将上述药材研成细末，用神曲糊制成黍米大小的药丸。空腹饭前，用米汤送服一百丸。另一个方子，去掉香附、砂仁、丁香、三棱、枳壳，加入五灵脂、白豆蔻、使君子、芦荟、蛤蟆、川芎。
醍醐散 治吐泻后调和脾胃，消进饮食，及丁奚哺露虚热烦渴，气逆心恶。
【译文】醍醐散：治疗呕吐腹泻后调和脾胃，促进食欲，以及丁奚病、哺露病引起的虚热烦躁口渴，气机上逆伴有心悸恶心。
陈皮（去白） 缩砂仁 浓朴（去粗皮。锉碎，姜汁浸一宿，慢火焙干） 麦芽（洗净，焙干） 乌梅（和核。各五钱） 良姜（锉，东壁土炒） 干葛 乌药（各二钱半） 草果仁（炮，二钱） 甘草（炙，三钱）
【译文】配方组成：陈皮（去掉白色部分）、缩砂仁、厚朴（去掉粗皮。切碎，用姜汁浸泡一夜，用慢火焙干）、麦芽（洗净，焙干）、乌梅（连核使用。各五钱）、良姜（切碎，用东壁土炒）、干葛根、乌药（各二钱半）、草果仁（炮制，二钱）、甘草（炙烤，三钱）。
上碎。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，枣一枚，盐少许，煎七分。空心温服。
【译文】将上述药材切碎。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜两片，大枣一枚，少许盐，煎煮至七分满。空腹时温服。
快活丸 治丁奚疳证，皮肤瘦削，骨露如柴，肚大青筋，小便白浊，睡卧烦躁，神气昏沉，常服健脾化积，进食肥肌。
【译文】快活丸：治疗丁奚疳证，皮肤消瘦枯槁，骨骼外露像柴棍一样，肚子大且有青筋，小便浑浊发白，睡觉躺卧时烦躁不安，精神昏沉。经常服用可以健脾消积，增进饮食，使肌肉丰满。
蒸饼（一两，去顶剜空，入青矾半钱重，仍以碎饼屑紧塞，上用水纸封定，灰火中炮透，取出候冷用之）
【译文】配方组成：蒸饼（一两，去掉顶部挖空，放入半钱重的青矾，仍然用碎饼屑紧紧塞住，上面用水纸封好，在灰烬火中煨烤透彻，取出等待冷却后使用）。
上件锉焙为末，别以肥枣用米泔水浸经一宿，饭上蒸少时，去皮核，用乳钵烂杵如糊，同前饼末，亭分再杵匀，丸麻仁大。每服三十丸至五十丸，温米清汤，无时送下，儿小者亦以米汤化服。其蒸饼不拘个数，大约以一两入青矾半钱重为定，下常如前法制半斤作一料。后人切勿以见方不重药为误，余尝屡试屡验，其饼如南馒头样者是也。
【译文】将上述处理好的材料切碎焙干研成细末，另外选取肥大的红枣用淘米水浸泡一夜，在饭锅上蒸一会儿，去掉皮和核，用乳钵捣烂成糊状，与前方的饼末混合均匀，再次捣匀，制成芝麻大小的药丸。每次服用三十丸到五十丸，随时用温热的米汤送服，幼儿也可以用米汤化开后服用。其中蒸饼的数量不限，大约以一两蒸饼配半钱重青矾为标准，其余通常按照前面的方法制作半斤作为一批。后人千万不要因为看到方子中药味不贵重而误以为无效，我曾经多次尝试都验证有效，那种像南方馒头形状的蒸饼就是对的。
《圣惠》赤芍药丸 治小儿丁奚，虽食不生肌肉，腹大食不消化。
【译文】《太平圣惠方》中的赤芍药丸：治疗小儿丁奚病，虽然能吃东西但不长肌肉，肚子大且食物不消化。
赤芍药 川大黄（微炒） 鳖甲（醋涂，炙令黄，去裙 。各三分） 桂心 赤茯苓 柴胡（去苗）
【译文】配方组成：赤芍药、川大黄（微炒）、鳖甲（涂醋，炙烤至黄色，去掉裙边。各三分）、桂心、赤茯苓、柴胡（去掉苗头）。
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。每服，煎蜜汤下五丸，日三服。
【译文】将上述药材捣碎，筛成细末，用炼蜜调和制成麻子大小的药丸。每次服用，用煎好的蜜汤送服五丸，每天服用三次。
《婴孺》芍药丸 治小儿百病，有寒热，大腹，食不消化，不生肌肉，痿痹。
【译文】《婴孺书》中的芍药丸：治疗小儿多种疾病，包括寒热往来、大肚子、食物不消化、不长肌肉、肢体痿软麻木。
芍药 茯苓 大黄（各五分） 柴胡（四分） 鳖甲（三分炙） 桂心（二分） 人参（一分，一方二分）
【译文】配方组成：芍药、茯苓、大黄（各五分）、柴胡（四分）、鳖甲（三分，炙烤）、桂心（二分）、人参（一分，另一个方子是二分）。
上为末，蜜丸。三岁以下服三小豆大，不知加之，七八岁三桐子大，不知加之。苦腹坚大者，加鳖甲一分。渴者，加栝蒌二分。病甚者服二十日效，已试大良。
【译文】将上述药材研成细末，用蜜制成药丸。三岁以下的幼儿服用三颗小豆子大小的药丸，如果没效果就增加剂量；七八岁的幼儿服用三颗梧桐子大小的药丸，如果没效果就增加剂量。如果腹部坚硬胀大的，增加一分鳖甲。如果口渴的，增加二分瓜蒌。病情严重的服用二十天见效，已经试验过非常良好。
一方，有杏仁二两，人参三分。
【译文】另一个方子，含有杏仁二两，人参三分。
张涣大麝香丹 治小儿羸瘦，腹大见青筋，及丁奚等病。
【译文】张涣的大麝香丹：治疗小儿身体消瘦，肚子大且可见青筋，以及丁奚病等疾病。
麝香（研） 朱砂（细研水飞） 粉霜（研。各半两） 五灵脂 肉豆蔻仁 干蟾（涂酥炙。各一两） 夜明砂白矾灰（各半两） 干地龙（炒，一分） 干蜣螂（七个，去翅，炙令黄熟）
【译文】配方组成：麝香（研磨）、朱砂（细研水飞法处理）、粉霜（研磨。各半两）、五灵脂、肉豆蔻仁、干蟾蜍（涂酥油炙烤。各一两）、夜明砂、白矾灰（各半两）、干地龙（炒，一分）、干屎壳郎（七个，去掉翅膀，炙烤至黄熟）。
上件捣，罗为末，与朱砂等同研匀细，炼蜜和如黍米大。每服三粒至五粒，温水下，量儿大小加减服之。
【译文】将上述药材捣碎，筛成细末，与朱砂一起研磨均匀细腻，用炼蜜调和制成黍米大小的药丸。每次服用三粒到五粒，用温水送服，根据幼儿的大小增减剂量服用。
初虞世治小儿腹如蜘蛛，四肢瘦者。用黑骨鸡子，破顶，入蜘蛛一枚于内，以湿纸糊窍，用文武火煨熟，去蜘蛛，食其鸡子。累效，必数枚方愈。
【译文】初虞世治疗小儿腹部像蜘蛛一样膨大，四肢消瘦的病例。使用黑骨鸡蛋，打破顶部，放入一只蜘蛛在里面，用湿纸糊住孔洞，用文火和武火交替煨熟，去掉蜘蛛，让幼儿吃这个鸡蛋。多次有效，必须吃几个才能痊愈。
《肘后方》捣生薤根，以猪脂煎，稍稍服。或熟炙鼠肉哺之。亦治哺露。
【译文】《肘后备急方》：捣碎新鲜的藠头根，用猪油煎煮，少量服用。或者烤熟老鼠肉喂食幼儿。也可以治疗哺露病。
Emaciation and failure of muscle growth at the Stomach point (Moxibustion: one cone).
Translation: For emaciation and failure of muscle growth, treat the Stomach point (specific location not explicitly named in text, referred to as "Stomach"), apply moxibustion for one cone.
[Tian] Infantile malnutrition with emaciation. Moxibustion three cones on the tip of the lower chest bone, followed by three cones on the upper part of the tailbone at the end of the spine.
Translation: Tian states: For infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome) characterized by emaciation, apply moxibustion of three cones on the bony prominence at the lower end of the chest, and subsequently three cones on the area above the tailbone at the inferior end of the spine.
For infantile malnutrition with emaciation and rectal prolapse, thin body with thirst and drinking, haggard appearance, refractory to various treatments. Moxibustion three cones in the bony depression three cun above the tailbone.
Translation: For infants suffering from malnutrition (Gan syndrome) with emaciation and rectal prolapse, a thin body accompanied by thirst and desire to drink, and a haggard appearance that does not respond to various treatments, apply moxibustion of three cones in the bony depression located three cun above the tailbone.
Infant with severe emaciation, visceral qi rushing up like a pig (Ben Tun) with abdominal swelling, flaccidity of limbs, inability to raise shoulders and back. Moxibustion seven cones on each Zhangmen (LR13) acupoint.
Translation: For an infant with severe emaciation, visceral qi rushing upward resembling a running pig (Ben Tun syndrome) accompanied by abdominal distension/swelling, flaccidity and weakness of the four limbs, and inability to lift the shoulders and back, apply moxibustion of seven cones on each side of the Zhangmen (LR13) acupoint.
Tang states: Infantile crane-joint deformity is caused by insufficient congenital endowment, lack of blood and qi nourishment, and emaciated muscles, causing all joints to be exposed, resembling the legs of a crane. This is due to kidney deficiency failing to generate marrow. The treatment method should use Qian's Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill) added with Deer Antler (Lurong) and Achyranthes Root (Niuxi).
Translation: Tang states: Infantile "crane-joint" deformity (a condition resembling rickets where joints appear prominent) arises from insufficient innate constitution, inadequate nourishment by blood and qi, and emaciated muscles, resulting in exposed joints resembling a crane's legs. This is fundamentally due to Kidney Deficiency failing to produce marrow. The appropriate treatment is Qian's Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill), supplemented with Lurong (Cervi Cornu Degelatinatum / Deer Antler Gel) and Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix).
Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill): Treats delayed closure of fontanelles, emaciation with exposed bones, resembling crane-knee, all due to Kidney Deficiency. Also treats Kidney Gan syndrome with collapse of the "Heavenly Pillar" (neck). The Kidney governs bones.
Translation: Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill): Indicated for delayed closure of the cranial fontanelle, emaciation with exposed skeletal structures, and presentation resembling "crane-knee" (genu varum/valgum with joint enlargement), all attributable to Kidney Deficiency. It also treats Kidney-type Gan syndrome presenting with "collapse of the Heavenly Pillar" (weakness/collapse of the cervical spine). The Kidney governs the bones.
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang) (washed, dried, 8 qian), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) (washed, 2 qian), Moutan Bark (Mudanpi) (remove heart), White Poria (Baifuling) (each 3 qian), Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) meat, Achyranthes Root (Niuxi), Deer Antler (Lurong) (roasted with butter), Chinese Yam (Shanyao) (each 4 qian).
Translation: Ingredients: Shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata) (washed, dried, 8 qian), Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis) (washed, 2 qian), Mudanpi (Cortex Moutan) (pulp removed), Baifuling (Poria) (each 3 qian), Shanzhuyu (Fructus Corni) pulp, Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), Lurong (Cervi Cornu Degelatinatum) (roasted with butter), Shanyao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) (each 4 qian).
Grind into powder, form pills with honey the size of guava seeds. For children under three years old, administer 2-3 pills, dissolved in warm water on an empty stomach.
Translation: Grind the ingredients into a fine powder and bind with honey to form pills the size of guava seeds. For children under three years of age, administer 2–3 pills, dissolved in warm water while fasting.
(Alternative names for Gan Distension)
Translation: (Alternative Nomenclature for Gan Distension Syndrome)
Chao states: Infantile Dingxi disease is caused by overfeeding, while the spleen and stomach are still weak and unable to digest and transform food. Undigested food reduces the essence of water and grain, depriving blood and qi of nourishment, leading to muscle emaciation. The disease presents with a large abdomen, small neck, and yellowish emaciation. If prolonged without cure, it transforms into Gu Dai (Grain Wasting). Shangbao (Injury from Fullness), Bulu (Exposure during Feeding), and Dingxi are largely similar, named according to severity. 《Zhenzhu Nang》 states: Whenever an infant suffers diarrhea after vomiting, prolonged uncured, or cannot walk after illness subsides, with large knees and bloody stool (intestinal redness), it is called Dingxi. Under seven years old is called Drumstick Wind. Under fifteen years old is called Crane-Knee Wind. These are all caused by wind-cold injuring the Kidney, which governs bones.
Translation: Chao states: Infantile Dingxi disease results from excessive feeding while the Spleen and Stomach remain weak, unable to grind and digest food. Failure to digest food depletes the essence derived from water and grain, failing to nourish blood and qi, thereby causing muscle emaciation. Clinical manifestations include abdominal distension, a thin neck, and yellowish emaciation. If left untreated for a long time, it may transform into Gu Dai (Grain Wasting Syndrome). Shangbao (Injury from Overeating), Bulu (Malnutrition due to Exposure/Poor Feeding), and Dingxi are essentially similar conditions, differentiated by severity. According to *Zhenzhu Nang*, if an infant experiences diarrhea following vomiting that persists, or cannot walk after recovery, accompanied by enlarged knees and hematochezia (blood in stool), it is termed Dingxi. In children under seven, it is called Drumstick Wind; in those under fifteen, Crane-Knee Wind. Generally, these conditions are attributed to Wind-Cold pathogenic factors injuring the Kidney, as the Kidney governs the bones.
Zhuang differentiates Gan Distension and Dingxi: If the infant has a large abdomen with visible blue veins, it is called Gan Distension. If there are no visible blue veins, it is called Dingxi. This is caused by overeating damaging food intake. Zeng states: Dingxi is also a syndrome of chronic accumulation forming Gan, caused by dietary excess injuring the Spleen and Stomach. Spleen-Stomach deficiency fails to transform food, leading to reduced intake, inability to generate blood and qi, pale and dull complexion, tidal fever, large abdomen with many blue veins, cylindrical limbs, open fontanelles, small neck, and yellowish emaciation. First administer Wanying Wan (general treatment for five types of Gan), then Shenling Baizhu San (for refusal to nurse/eat) once in the morning to nourish Stomach Qi, and Tihu San to promote appetite. After eating, administer Wuxi Wan (for accumulations) 3–5 pills to assist Spleen digestion; this employs the method of "Ying Duo" (attacking and supplementing). Intermittently use Xingpi San (for slow convulsion), Chenxiang Binglang Wan, and Muxiang Ezhu Wan (for retained food), regulating step-by-step. For thirst, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, Qianjin Gao is self-sufficient. If Spleen Qi harmonizes slightly and diet gradually increases, continuously use Huapi Wan (for accumulations) and Kuaife Wan. Alternatively, use Wuxi Wan to induce mild bowel movements two or three times, then stop attacking and use Yunqi San (for hernia) to tonify. For alternating chills and fever, Chaihu Yin (for Gan heat) is indicated. For abdominal distension, Nanxing Fupi San (for edema) is administered. For residual heat, decoct malt and willow branches, mix with Sansan Jie San (for tidal fever). For parasites, administer Shijunzi Wan (for abdominal pain). This disease does not arise overnight; treatment must gradually restore balance. Seeking rapid efficacy is difficult. Avoid chicken, alcohol, mutton, noodles, fish, sweet, cold, raw, and toxic foods.
Translation: Zhuang differentiates Gan Distension and Dingxi: If the infant presents with abdominal distension and visible subcutaneous veins, it is termed Gan Distension. If subcutaneous veins are absent, it is termed Dingxi. This etiology stems from overeating causing food injury. Zeng states: Dingxi is a syndrome resulting from chronic accumulation evolving into Gan, caused by dietary excess injuring the Spleen and Stomach. Spleen-Stomach deficiency leads to failure in transforming food, resulting in decreased intake, inability to generate blood and qi, a pale and sallow complexion, tidal fever, abdominal distension with prominent veins, cylindrical limbs, open fontanelles, a thin neck, and yellowish emaciation. Initial treatment involves administering Wanying Wan (broad-spectrum for five types of Gan syndromes), followed by Shenling Baizhu San (for anorexia/refusal to feed) taken once in the morning to nourish Stomach Qi, along with Tihu San to stimulate appetite. Postprandially, administer Wuxi Wan (targeting accumulations) 3–5 pills to aid Spleen digestion; this approach utilizes the "Ying Duo" method (coordinated attack and supplementation). Intermittently employ Xingpi San (for slow convulsions), Chenxiang Binglang Wan, and Muxiang Ezhu Wan (for retained food), adjusting sequentially. For symptoms of thirst, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, Qianjin Gao is effective. Once Spleen Qi begins to harmonize and dietary intake gradually improves, maintain administration of Huapi Wan (for accumulations) and Kuaife Wan. Alternatively, use Wuxi Wan to induce mild evacuation two or three times, then cease purgation and use Yunqi San (for hernia-like symptoms) for tonification. For alternating chills and fever, Chaihu Yin (for Gan heat) is primary. For abdominal distension, prescribe Nanxing Fupi San (for edema). For lingering heat, decoct Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) and Liu Zhi (Salix Twig) broth, mixed with Sansan Jie San (for tidal fever). For parasitic infection, administer Shijunzi Wan (for abdominal pain). This pathology develops over time; therapeutic intervention must proceed gradually to restore equilibrium. Pursuing rapid cure is unfeasible. Dietary restrictions include avoiding chicken, alcohol, mutton, wheat products, fish, sweets, cold/raw items, and toxic substances.
Quanshan Dan: Treats Dingxi and Bulu with miraculous efficacy.
Translation: Quanshan Dan: Indicated for Dingxi and Bulu syndromes, demonstrating remarkable efficacy.
Areca Nut (Binglang), Immature Bitter Orange (Zhike) (bran-fried), Green Tangerina Peel (Qingpi), Aged Tangerina Peel (Chenpi), Burreed Tuber (Sanleng) (fried), Curcuma Tuber (Pengzhu) (fried), Amomum Fruit (Sharen) (each half liang), Clove (Dingxiang), Costus Root (Muxiang) (each 1 fen), Cyperus Rhizome (Xiangfu) (1 liang).
Translation: Ingredients: Binglang (Fructus Arecae), Zhike (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) (bran-fried), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Sanleng (Rhizoma Sparganii) (fried), Pengzhu (Rhizoma Curcumae) (fried), Sharen (Fructus Amomi) (each half liang), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) (each 1 fen), Xiangfu (Rhizoma Cyperi) (1 liang).
Grind into powder, bind with Medicated Leaven paste into pills the size of millet seeds. Take 100 pills on an empty stomach before meals with rice drink. Another formula removes Xiangfu, Sharen, Dingxiang, Sanleng, Zhike, and adds Wulingzhi, Baiko, Shijunzi, Lu Hui, Xia Ma, and Chuanxiong.
Translation: Grind into powder and bind with Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) paste to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 100 pills on an empty stomach prior to meals with rice gruel. An alternative formula excludes Xiangfu, Sharen, Dingxiang, Sanleng, and Zhike, adding Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung), Baiko (Fructus Cardamomi Albus), Shijunzi (Fructus Quisqualis), Lu Hui (Aloe), Xia Ma (Bufo Skin), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong).
Tihu San: Harmonizes Spleen and Stomach after vomiting and diarrhea, promotes appetite, and treats deficiency heat, irritability, and thirst in Dingxi and Bulu, along with rebellious Qi and cardiac nausea.
Translation: Tihu San: Harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach following vomiting and diarrhea, stimulates appetite, and treats deficiency heat, irritability, and thirst associated with Dingxi and Bulu syndromes, as well as rebellious Qi and cardiac nausea.
Aged Tangerina Peel (Chenpi) (remove white pith), Amomum Fruit (Suasharen), Magnolia Bark (Houpo) (remove rough bark, chop, soak in ginger juice overnight, dry slowly), Malt (Maiya) (wash, dry), Smoked Plum (Wumei) (with pit. Each 5 qian), Galangal (Liangjiang) (chop, stir-fry with eastern wall soil), Kudzu Root (Gegen), Lindera Root (Wuyao) (each 2.5 qian), Tsaoko Cardamom Seed (Caoguoren) (processed, 2 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (honey-roasted, 3 qian).
Translation: Ingredients: Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (white pith removed), Suasharen (Fructus Amomi), Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis) (rough bark removed, chopped, soaked in ginger juice overnight, dried over low heat), Maiya (Fructus Hordei Germinatus) (washed, dried), Wumei (Fructus Mume) (with seed. Each 5 qian), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum) (chopped, stir-fried with soil from the east-facing wall), Gegen (Radix Puerariae), Wuyao (Radix Linderae) (each 2.5 qian), Caoguoren (Semen Cardamomi) (processed, 2 qian), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (honey-pounded/roasted, 3 qian).
Chop coarsely. Each dose 2 qian, add one cup of water, two slices of ginger, one jujube, and a pinch of salt. Decoct to 70%. Take warm on an empty stomach.
Translation: Coarsely chop the ingredients. For each dose, use 2 qian of herbs, add one cup of water, two slices of fresh ginger, one jujube, and a small amount of salt. Decoct until approximately 70% of the liquid remains. Administer warm on an empty stomach.
Kuaife Wan: Treats Dingxi Gan syndrome, emaciated skin, exposed bones like firewood, large abdomen with blue veins, turbid white urine, restlessness during sleep, lethargy. Continuous use strengthens Spleen, resolves accumulations, promotes appetite, and builds muscle.
Translation: Kuaife Wan: Indicated for Dingxi Gan syndrome characterized by emaciated skin, exposed skeletal prominences resembling firewood, abdominal distension with visible veins, turbid white urine, sleep restlessness, and mental lethargy. Regular administration strengthens the Spleen, resolves accumulations, enhances appetite, and promotes muscle mass.
Steamed Wheat Cake (Zhengbing) (1 liang, remove top, hollow out, insert half qian of Alum [Qingfan], stuff tightly with cake crumbs, seal with wet paper, roast thoroughly in ash fire, cool before use).
Translation: Ingredient: Zhengbing (Steamed Wheat Dough/Cake) (1 liang; remove the top, hollow out the center, insert half qian of Qingfan [Alumen]), stuff tightly with crumbled cake pieces, seal the opening with wet paper, and roast thoroughly in hot ashes. Allow to cool before use.
Crush and roast the above into powder. Separately, soak large jujubes in rice wash water overnight, steam briefly, peel and pit, pound in a mortar into a paste. Mix with the cake powder, knead evenly, form pills the size of hemp seeds. Each dose 30–50 pills, taken anytime with warm clear rice soup. Infants may have pills dissolved in rice soup. Quantity of cake is flexible, generally 1 liang cake to half qian alum. Standard batch is half jin. Do not mistake this simple prescription for ineffectiveness; I have tested it repeatedly with success. The cake should resemble southern steamed buns.
Translation: Crush and roast the prepared material into powder. Separately, soak large jujubes in rice washing water overnight, steam briefly, remove skin and pits, and pound in a mortar until smooth and pasty. Mix this paste with the cake powder, knead thoroughly to uniformity, and form pills the size of hemp seeds. Administer 30–50 pills at any time with warm, clear rice gruel. For infants, dissolve the pills in rice gruel. The quantity of Zhengbing is flexible, typically standardized at 1 liang of cake per half qian of alum. A standard batch weighs half a jin. Practitioners should not dismiss this formula due to its seemingly simple ingredients; repeated clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy. The appropriate Zhengbing resembles southern-style steamed buns.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* Chishao Yao Wan: Treats infantile Dingxi, where food intake does not generate muscle, abdominal distension, and indigestion.
Translation: *Taiping Shenghui Fang* Chishao Yao Wan: Indicated for infantile Dingxi syndrome characterized by failure to gain muscle mass despite food intake, abdominal distension, and indigestion.
Red Peony Root (Chishaoyao), Sichuan Rhubarb (Chuan Dahuang) (lightly fried), Softshell Turtle Shell (Biejia) (coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, remove skirt. Each 3 fen), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin), Red Poria (Chifuling), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (remove crown).
Translation: Ingredients: Chishaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Chuan Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (lightly fried), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, skirt removed. Each 3 fen), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Chifuling (Poria cum Ramo Ligni), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) (crown removed).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into powder, bind with refined honey into pills the size of sesame seeds. Each dose, take 5 pills with honey water decoction, three times daily.
Translation: Crush the aforementioned herbs, sieve into a fine powder, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. For each dose, administer 5 pills with a decoction of honey water, three times daily.
*Yingru* Shaoyao Wan: Treats hundred diseases in infants, including chills and fever, large abdomen, indigestion, failure to build muscle, flaccidity, and numbness.
Translation: *Yingru* Shaoyao Wan: Indicated for various pediatric conditions including alternating chills and fever, abdominal distension, indigestion, failure to build muscle mass, flaccidity, and numbness.
Peony Root (Shaoyao), Poria (Fuling), Rhubarb (Dahuang) (each 5 fen), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (4 fen), Softshell Turtle Shell (Biejia) (3 fen, roasted), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin) (2 fen), Ginseng Root (Renshen) (1 fen, another version 2 fen).
Translation: Ingredients: Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba/Lactiflorae), Fuling (Poria), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (each 5 fen), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) (4 fen), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (3 fen, roasted), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi) (2 fen), Renshen (Radix Ginseng) (1 fen; an alternative version uses 2 fen).
Grind into powder, bind with honey into pills. Children under three take 3 pills the size of small beans, increase if ineffective. Children aged seven to eight take 3 pills the size of tung tree seeds, increase if ineffective. For hard, large abdomen, add 1 fen Biejia. For thirst, add 2 fen Gua Lou. Severe cases show improvement after 20 days of administration; clinically proven highly effective.
Translation: Grind into powder and bind with honey to form pills. For children under three years, administer 3 pills the size of small beans; increase dosage if ineffective. For children aged seven to eight, administer 3 pills the size of tung seeds; increase dosage if ineffective. In cases of hard, distended abdomen, add 1 fen of Biejia. In cases of thirst, add 2 fen of Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis). Severe cases demonstrate improvement after 20 days of continuous administration; this has been clinically verified as highly effective.
Another formula contains 2 liang Apricot Kernel (Xingren) and 3 fen Ginseng (Renshen).
Translation: An alternative formulation includes 2 liang of Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum) and 3 fen of Renshen (Radix Ginseng).
Zhang Huan's Damochexiang Dan: Treats infantile emaciation, abdominal distension with visible veins, and Dingxi syndrome.
Translation: Zhang Huan's Damochexiang Dan: Indicated for infantile emaciation, abdominal distension with visible subcutaneous veins, and Dingxi syndrome.
Musk (Shexiang) (ground), Cinnabar (Zhusha) (fine ground, water-floating), Frost Powder (Fenshuang) (ground. Each half liang), Trogopteri Dung (Wulingzhi), Nutmeg Seed (Roudoukou), Dried Toad (Ganchan) (coated with butter, roasted. Each 1 liang), Night Flying Sand (Yemingsha), Alum Ash (Baifanhui) (each half liang), Dried Earthworm (Dilong) (fried, 1 fen), Dried Dung Beetle (Dianlang) (seven, remove wings, roast until yellow and cooked).
Translation: Ingredients: Shexiang (Moschus), Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Fenshuang (Sublimated Arsenic Trioxide) (ground. Each half liang), Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung), Roudoukou (Nucis Arecae Catalpae Semen), Ganchan (Bufonis Cutis) (coated with butter, roasted. Each 1 liang), Yemingsha (Stercus Phodopi), Baifanhui (Aluminis Sulphas Calcinatum) (each half liang), Dilong (Pheretima) (fried, 1 fen), Dianlang (Scarabaeus) (seven specimens, wings removed, roasted until yellow and fully cooked).
Crush and sieve the above into powder, mix uniformly with Zhusha, bind with refined honey into pills the size of millet seeds. Each dose 3–5 pills, taken with warm water, adjust dosage based on child's size.
Translation: Crush and sieve the aforementioned ingredients into a fine powder, mix uniformly with Zhusha (Cinnabar), and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 3–5 pills per dose with warm water, adjusting the quantity according to the child's age and size.
Chu Yushi treated infantile spider-like abdomen with emaciated limbs. Use a black-bone hen egg, break the top, insert one spider inside, seal the hole with wet paper, roast gently over medium-low heat until cooked, remove the spider, and have the child eat the egg. Repeatedly effective; several eggs are required for cure.
Translation: Chu Yushi treated a case of infantile abdominal distension resembling a spider with emaciated limbs. The method involves using a black-boned hen egg, breaking the apex, inserting one live spider inside, sealing the opening with wet paper, and roasting gently over moderate heat until cooked. Remove the spider and have the child consume the egg. This method has proven effective repeatedly; multiple eggs may be required for complete resolution.
*Zhouhou Fang*: Pound fresh Scallion Root (Xiegen), fry in lard, take small amounts. Or roast rat meat thoroughly and feed. Also treats Bulu.
Translation: *Zhouhou Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions for Keepers Up Sleeve): Pound fresh Xiegen (Radix Allii Macrostemonis), fry in pork lard, and administer in small quantities. Alternatively, thoroughly roast rat meat and feed to the child. This method also treats Bulu syndrome.