中 ，亦作 ，鼻山根也，俗呼鼻梁。属足阳明胃经、督脉之会。（《素问》曰∶胆
移热于脑则辛 鼻渊，传为衄 瞑目。注∶足太阳膀胱脉，起目内 ，上额交巅络脑，阳明脉起于鼻，
交中，旁约太阳之脉，今脑热则足太阳逆，与阳明之脉俱盛，薄于 中，故 辛鼻渊。 辛者，鼻
酸痛也。鼻渊者，浊涕下而不止如水泉也。热盛则阳络溢，阳络溢故衄。衄者，鼻出汗血也，又谓之
蔑。血出甚则阳明太阳脉衰，不能荣养于目，故目瞑。瞑，暗也）。鼻属手太阴肺经。（《素问》
曰∶西方白色，入通于肺，开窍于鼻，畏热。《灵枢》曰∶肺病者，喘息鼻张。又曰∶肺虚则鼻塞不
利，和则能知香臭矣。乔岳曰∶肺绝则无涕，鼻孔黑燥，肝逆乘之而色青。东垣曰∶伤风，鼻中气出
粗，合口不开，肺气通于天也）。又属手少阴心经。（李东垣曰∶鼻本主肺，而复能闻香臭者，鼻中
有心，庚金生于己也。《素问》曰∶五气入鼻，藏于心肺，心肺有病，而鼻为之不利也）。又属手足
阳明大肠胃经、督脉之交会。（刘河间曰∶伤风寒于腠理而为鼻塞者，寒能收敛，阳气不通畅也。《素
问》曰∶伤寒二日阳明受之，阳明主肉，其脉侠鼻，故鼻干不得卧。王海藏曰∶石膏发汗辛寒，入手
太阴经，仲景治伤寒阳明经证乃用之者何也？盖胃脉行身之前，而胸为胃肺之室，邪热在阳
明，则肺受火制，故用辛寒以清肺，所以号为白虎汤也。《素问》又曰∶运气阳明所至为鼽嚏。注∶
鼽，鼻窒也。嚏，喷嚏也）。其在小儿面部，谓之明堂。（《灵枢》曰∶脉见于气口，色见于明堂。
明堂者，鼻也。明堂广大者寿，小者殆，况加疾哉。○按此语即相家贵隆准之说也。然须视其面部何
如，愚尝见明堂虽小，与面相称者，寿可八十，要不可执一论也）。属足太阴脾经。（《素问》曰∶
脾热病者，鼻先赤）。侠鼻孔两旁五分（名迎香穴）。属手足阳明大肠胃经之会，直两目瞳子，
（名巨 穴）。属足阳明胃经、阴跷脉之会。余处无恙，独鼻尖色青黄者，其人必为淋也。鼻尖微白
者，亡血也。赤者，血热也。黄者，小便难也。
鼻根，也写作“囟”，即鼻梁，俗称鼻梁骨。它是足阳明胃经与督脉的交会之处。（《素问》说：胆的热邪移注于脑，就会导致鼻内辛辣疼痛、鼻渊症，进而发展为鼻衄和闭目。注释：足太阳膀胱经的经脉，起于目内眦，上行至额部，交会于头顶并络属于脑；足阳明胃经起于鼻翼旁，交会于鼻根处，旁边约束着足太阳膀胱经的脉络。现在脑部有热，导致足太阳经气逆乱，与足阳明经气共同亢盛，搏结于鼻根处，所以出现鼻内辛辣酸痛的症状。鼻内辛辣酸痛称为“辛”。鼻渊是指浊涕流出不止，像水泉一样。热邪炽盛则阳络血液溢出，阳络溢出故发生鼻衄。鼻衄是指出血，又称“蔑”。如果出血严重，会导致足阳明、足太阳经气衰弱，不能濡养眼睛，所以出现闭目。闭目，指视物昏暗）。鼻子归属于手太阴肺经。（《素问》说：西方对应白色，内通于肺，开窍于鼻，畏惧热邪。《灵枢》说：肺病的人，会出现喘息、鼻孔张大的症状。又说：肺气虚则鼻塞不通利，肺气调和则能辨别香臭气味。乔岳说：肺气绝则没有鼻涕，鼻孔黑而干燥，若肝气上逆乘袭肺金，则面色发青。李东垣说：伤风时，鼻中呼出之气粗重，口合不张开，这是因为肺气通应于天象的缘故））。鼻子又归属于手少阴心经。（李东垣说：鼻子本由肺所主，但又能闻香臭，是因为鼻心中有心的作用，庚金（肺）生于己土（脾/心火生土，此处意指五行相生关系中的生化之源，《素问》语境下多指心肺同居上焦，心主血脉藏神，肺主气司呼吸，二者密切相关，原文“庚金生于己”可能指代五行生成数或特定理论，此处直译其意）：《素问》说：五气通过鼻子进入，储藏于心肺，心肺有病，鼻子就会不利）。鼻子又归属于手足阳明大肠、胃经以及督脉的交会之处。（刘河间说：风寒侵袭腠理导致鼻塞，是因为寒性收敛，阳气不通畅。《素问》说：伤寒第二天，阳明经受邪，阳明经主肌肉，其经脉夹行于鼻旁，所以鼻子干燥无法安卧。王海藏说：石膏性味辛寒，能发汗，入足太阴肺经，为什么张仲景治疗伤寒阳明经证时使用它呢？因为胃经循行于身体前面，胸部是胃和肺所在的部位，邪热在阳明经，则肺受到火热制约，所以用辛寒之药以清肺热，因此该方被称为白虎汤。《素问》又说：运气学说中，阳明燥金之气所致病症为鼻流清涕和打喷嚏。注释：鼽，指鼻塞不通；嚏，指喷嚏）。在小儿的面部，鼻部称为“明堂”。（《灵枢》说：脉象显现于气口，气色显现于明堂。明堂就是鼻子。明堂宽大的人长寿，狭小的人有危险，何况再加上疾病呢。○按：这句话就是相面术中重视高鼻梁的说法。然而必须结合整个面部来看，我曾见过明堂虽小，但与面部其他部位相称的人，也能活到八十岁，不可拘泥于一端而论）。鼻子归属于足太阴脾经。（《素问》说：脾热病患者，鼻子先发红）。鼻孔两旁五分处（名为迎香穴），归属于手足阳明大肠、胃经的交会处，正对两目瞳孔下方（名为巨髎穴），归属于足阳明胃经与阴跷脉的交会处。如果身体其他部位无恙，唯独鼻尖颜色青黄，这个人必定患有淋证。鼻尖微白的，是失血的表现。发红的，是血热的表现。发黄的，是小便困难的表现。
The root of the nose, also written as "Xin", refers to the nasal bridge, commonly known as the nose ridge. It is the intersection point of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and the Du Vessel (Governing Vessel). (*Suwen* states: When heat from the Gallbladder transfers to the Brain, it causes a pungent sensation in the nose and *Bi Yuan* (Nasal Sinusitis with profuse discharge), which may progress to *Nu* (Epistaxis) and closed eyes. Annotation: The meridian of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder starts at the inner canthus of the eye, ascends to the forehead, intersects at the vertex, and connects with the brain. The meridian of the Foot-Yangming Stomach originates beside the nose, intersects at the nasal root, and runs alongside the Foot-Taiyang meridian. Currently, heat in the brain causes counterflow of the Foot-Taiyang meridian, which becomes hyperactive along with the Foot-Yangming meridian, pressing upon the nasal root, thus causing a pungent and painful sensation in the nose. This pungency is called "Xin". *Bi Yuan* refers to the continuous flow of turbid nasal discharge like a spring. Excessive heat causes overflow of the Yang collaterals; overflow of Yang collaterals leads to epistaxis. Epistaxis refers to bleeding from the nose, also called "Nie". If bleeding is severe, the Qi of the Foot-Yangming and Foot-Taiyang meridians declines, failing to nourish the eyes, resulting in blurred vision or closed eyes. "Ming" means dimness.) The nose belongs to the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. (*Suwen* states: The color white corresponds to the West and internally connects with the Lung, opening into the nose, and fears heat. *Ling Shu* states: In Lung disease, there is panting and flaring of the nostrils. It also states: When Lung Qi is deficient, there is nasal congestion and obstruction; when harmonious, one can distinguish odors. Qiao Yue states: When Lung Qi is exhausted, there is no nasal discharge, and the nostrils are black and dry; if Liver Qi rebels and overacts on it, the complexion turns green. Li Dongyuan states: In wind-cold injury, the breath exhaled through the nose is coarse, and the mouth remains closed because Lung Qi communicates with Heaven.) The nose also belongs to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. (Li Dongyuan states: Although the nose is primarily governed by the Lung, its ability to smell aromas is due to the presence of the Heart within the nose, where Geng Metal [Lung] is born from Ji Earth [Spleen/Stomach, implying the generative cycle]; *Suwen* states: The five qi enter through the nose and are stored in the Heart and Lungs. When the Heart and Lungs have pathology, the nose becomes obstructed.) The nose is also the intersection of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, and the Du Vessel. (Liu Hejian states: Nasal congestion caused by wind-cold invading the interstices occurs because cold causes contraction and impedes the smooth flow of Yang Qi. *Suwen* states: On the second day of cold damage, the Yangming meridian receives the pathogen. Yangming governs the flesh, and its meridian runs alongside the nose, hence the nose becomes dry and sleep is disturbed. Wang Haicang states: Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) is acrid and cold, induces sweating, and enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Why does Zhang Zhongjing use it for Yangming meridian patterns in cold damage? Because the Stomach meridian runs along the anterior aspect of the body, and the chest is the chamber of the Stomach and Lung. When pathogenic heat resides in the Yangming, the Lung is constrained by fire; therefore, acrid-cold herbs are used to clear Lung heat, hence this formula is named Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). *Suwen* further states: In the theory of Six Qi, the arrival of Yangming results in *Qiu* (runny nose) and *Ti* (sneezing). Annotation: *Qiu* refers to nasal obstruction; *Ti* refers to sneezing.) In the facial area of children, the nose is referred to as "Mingtang" (Bright Hall). (*Ling Shu* states: Pulse manifestations appear at the Qi Kou (Radial Artery), and complexions manifest at Mingtang. Mingtang is the nose. A large and broad Mingtang indicates longevity; a small one indicates danger, especially if accompanied by disease. ○ Note: This statement aligns with physiognomy principles that value a high nasal bridge. However, one must observe the entire face. I have seen individuals with a small Mingtang whose features were proportionate, who lived to eighty years old. One cannot adhere rigidly to a single criterion.) The nose belongs to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. (*Suwen* states: In Spleen Heat Disease, the nose reddens first.) Half a cun lateral to the nostril margins (named Yingxiang LI20), it is the intersection of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, directly below the pupils (named Juliao ST3), and is the intersection of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and the Yin Qiao Vessel. If the rest of the body is healthy but the tip of the nose appears blue-yellow, the person likely suffers from Lin Syndrome (Strangury). If the tip of the nose is slightly white, it indicates loss of blood. If red, it indicates Blood Heat. If yellow, it indicates difficulty in urination.