五香连翘汤 治诸疮肿，初觉一二日，便厥逆咽喉塞，发寒热。
沉香 木香 麝香 丁香（各一两） 乳香（二两） 连翘 射干 升麻 独活 桑寄生
甘草（炙，各一两）， 大黄（一两半） 木通（二两）
上 咀。每服五钱，水一盏半，煎七分，温服取利。
按∶丹溪曰，《精要》第一论云，不问痈疽疮疖，虚实冷热，先与内托散、五香连
翘汤、沉麝汤等诸方，不冷不热，不问老幼少壮，阴阳虚实冷热，多服为妙。夫痈疽疮
疖，脏腑阴阳，有浅深、虚实、冷热，用药有补泻、温凉，老幼、少壮，其禀受浓薄，形
志苦乐，随年岁而增损。奈何？欲以不冷不热，四五方而通治之，又以多服为妙，此不
能无疑也，学人当审经络，察病机而处治，岂可仗此为通治之法乎！
千金漏芦汤 治痈疽、丹 、恶肉，时行热毒赤肿。
漏芦 连翘 黄芩 白蔹 枳壳 升麻 粉草 麻黄 朴硝（各一两） 大黄（一两半）
上除硝外，每服二钱。水一盏，姜三片，薄荷三叶同煎。温服，取利为度。
防风通圣散 治时毒热毒，便秘热燥。若时毒饥馑之后，胃气亏损者，须当审察，非
大满、大实，不用。
防风 当归 川芎 芍药 大黄 芒硝 连翘 薄荷 麻黄 桔梗 石膏 黄芩（各一两） 白术
山栀 荆芥（各二钱五分） 甘草（二两） 滑石（一两）
上水煎服，或为末、白汤调下，仍量人虚实。
按∶此表里气血之药也，治一切风毒，积热疮肿，脉候弦洪，实数浮紧，气血实盛者，
不可缺此。见近有秘传外科家方，以是药加人参、赤茯苓、黄 、苍术、金银花，名消
肿托里散。虽以参 为主，复云人参无亦可。盖使人不能无疑而难用也。且临证加减须较
表里之法，如表证多者，当从此方，以辛甘为主散之也，里证多者，方可从变，故此分
辛温、辛平、辛凉之异。
升麻和气饮 治疮肿疖疥痒痛。（此与前条方，大黄有多少之异，故两列之。）
升麻 桔梗 苍术 干葛 甘草 大黄（煨，各一钱） 陈皮（二钱） 当归 半夏 茯苓
白芷 干姜 枳壳（各五分） 芍药（一钱半）
上作一服，水二盅，煎至一盅，食远服。
五香连翘汤：治疗各种疮疡肿毒。在发病初起的一两天内，若出现四肢厥冷、咽喉阻塞感，并伴有寒热交替症状者适用。
处方组成：沉香、木香、麝香（各一两）、丁香（一两）、乳香（二两）、连翘、射干、升麻、独活、桑寄生、甘草（蜜炙，各一两）、大黄（一两半）、木通（二两）。
制法与用法：将上述药材切碎。每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，煎煮至七分满，温服，以大便通畅为度。
按语：朱丹溪说，《精要》第一论中记载：“不论痈疽疮疖，无论是虚证还是实证，是寒证还是热证，都先用内托散、五香连翘汤、沉麝汤等方剂治疗。这些药性不偏寒也不偏热，无论患者老少强弱，阴阳虚实寒热如何，多服用效果更佳。”然而，痈疽疮疖涉及脏腑阴阳，病情有浅深、虚实、冷热之分，用药应有补泻、温凉之别；且老幼、少壮之人，其先天禀赋厚薄不同，形体与情志的苦乐各异，随年龄增长而变化。为何要用不偏寒热的四五张方子来通治所有情况，又认为多服为佳呢？这不能不让人怀疑。学习中医的人应当审察经络，辨析病机后再进行治疗，怎能依赖这些作为通用的治疗方法呢！
千金漏芦汤：治疗痈疽、丹毒、恶肉（坏死的腐肉），以及时行热毒引起的红肿。
处方组成：漏芦、连翘、黄芩、白蔹、枳壳、升麻、粉草（即甘草）、麻黄、朴硝（即芒硝，各一两）、大黄（一两半）。
制法与用法：除去朴硝外，其余药材每服二钱。加水一盏，生姜三片，薄荷三叶，共同煎煮。温服，以大便通畅为限度。
防风通圣散：治疗时行毒邪和热毒，症见便秘、体内燥热。如果是时行毒邪在饥荒之后导致胃气亏损的情况，必须仔细审查，如果不是大满、大实的实证，不使用此方。
处方组成：防风、当归、川芎、芍药、大黄、芒硝、连翘、薄荷、麻黄、桔梗、石膏、黄芩（各一两）、白术、山栀（栀子）、荆芥（各二钱五分）、甘草（二两）、滑石（一两）。
制法与用法：加水煎服，或制成粉末，用开水调服，仍需根据患者的虚实情况进行剂量调整。
按语：这是调和表里气血的药物，治疗一切风毒、积热引起的疮肿，脉象表现为弦洪、实数或浮紧，气血实盛的患者，不可缺少此方。近来有外科家秘传的方子，在此药基础上加入人参、赤茯苓、黄芪、苍术、金银花，命名为消肿托里散。虽然以人参为主药，却又说没有人参也可以。这使得人们难以确信而不敢轻易使用。况且临证加减必须依据表里辨证的原则，如表证多的，应当遵循此方，以辛甘味的药物为主来发散；里证多的，才可以进行变通，因此这里区分了辛温、辛平、辛凉的不同。
升麻和气饮：治疗疮疡肿毒、疖子、疥癣引起的瘙痒疼痛。（此方与前一条的方子相比，仅大黄用量有所不同，故分别列出。）
处方组成：升麻、桔梗、苍术、干葛（葛根）、甘草、大黄（煨制，各一钱）、陈皮（二钱）、当归、半夏、茯苓、白芷、干姜、枳壳（各五分）、芍药（一钱半）。
制法与用法：作一剂服用，加水两盅，煎煮至一盅，饭后较长时间服用。
Wuxiang Liaoqiao Decoction (Five-Aromatic Forsythia Decoction): Treats various sores and swellings. It is indicated for cases in the early stage (one or two days after onset) presenting with cold extremities, a sensation of obstruction in the throat, and alternating chills and fever.
Ingredients: Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Shexiang (Moschus), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (each 1 liang); Ruxiang (Olibanum) (2 liang); Liaoqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Sangjisheng (Taxilli Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) (each 1 liang); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (1.5 liang); Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) (2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the herbs. For each dose, use 5 qian, add 1.5 sheng of water, decoct until 0.7 sheng remains, and take warm. The goal is to achieve bowel movement.
Commentary: Zhu Danxi stated in the first treatise of *Jingyao*: "Regardless of whether it is carbuncle, ulcer, sore, or boil, and regardless of deficiency or excess, cold or heat patterns, initially administer formulas such as Neituo San, Wuxiang Liaoqiao Tang, and ChenShe Tang. These formulas are neither cold nor hot. Regardless of age, strength, yin/yang, deficiency/excess, or cold/heat patterns, taking them in large quantities is considered optimal." However, carbuncles, ulcers, sores, and boils involve the zang-fu organs and yin-yang, with variations in depth, deficiency/excess, and cold/heat. Medication should employ tonification or purgation, warming or cooling strategies accordingly. Furthermore, individuals of different ages and constitutions vary in their innate endowment, physical condition, and emotional state, which change with age. Why rely on four or five formulas that are neither cold nor hot to treat all conditions universally, and consider excessive dosage as ideal? This raises doubts. Practitioners must examine the meridians and investigate the pathogenesis before treatment; one cannot rely on these as universal methods.
Qianjin Loulu Tang (Thousand-Gold Rhapontic Decoction): Treats carbuncles, ulcers, erysipelas, necrotic tissue, and red swelling caused by epidemic heat-toxin.
Ingredients: Loulu (Rhapontici Radix), Liaoqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Bailian (Pseudostellariae Radix), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Fencǎo (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) (each 1 liang); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Exclude Puxiao. For each dose, use 2 qian of the remaining herbs. Add 1 sheng of water, 3 slices of fresh ginger, and 3 leaves of bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba). Decoct together. Take warm. Stop when bowel movement is achieved.
Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia Universal Relief Powder): Treats epidemic toxins and heat-toxins manifesting as constipation and internal dryness-heat. If the epidemic toxin occurs after a famine leading to stomach qi deficiency, careful examination is required; do not use this formula unless there is significant fullness and solid excess.
Ingredients: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Liaoqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (each 1 liang); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica) (each 2.5 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2 liang); Huashi (Talcum) (1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Decoct in water and take orally, or grind into powder and mix with warm water. Dosage must be adjusted according to the patient's deficiency or excess status.
Commentary: This formula regulates the exterior and interior and harmonizes qi and blood. It treats all wind-toxins and accumulated heat causing sores and swellings, particularly when the pulse is wiry, surging, solid, rapid, floating, or tight, indicating abundant qi and blood excess. It is indispensable for such cases. Recently, some surgeons have a secret prescription based on this formula, adding Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Chi Fuling (Poria cum Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), named Xiaozhong Tuoli San (Swelling-Reducing Interior-Supporting Powder). Although it emphasizes Renshen, it also states that Renshen can be omitted if unavailable, causing confusion and hesitation in usage. Clinical modifications must follow the principles of distinguishing exterior and interior syndromes. If exterior symptoms predominate, adhere to this formula using acrid-sweet herbs to disperse; if interior symptoms predominate, modifications are permitted, hence the distinction between acrid-warm, acrid-neutral, and acrid-cool properties.
Shengma Heqi Yin (Primula Harmonizing Qi Infusion): Treats sores, swellings, boils, and itching/pain from scabies. (This formula differs from the previous one only in the dosage of Dahuang, hence listed separately.)
Ingredients: Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gange (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, stir-baked) (each 1 qian); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (2 qian); Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus) (each 5 fen); Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (1.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Prepare as one dose. Add 2 zhong of water, decoct until 1 zhong remains. Take well after meals.