\r当归\pd137.bmp\r
味甘、辛，温、大温，无毒。主咳逆上气，温疟寒热洗洗（音癣）在皮肤中，妇人漏下
，绝子，诸恶疮痒（音羊），金疮，煮饮之。温中止痛，除客血内塞，中风 ，汗
不出，湿痹，中恶，客气虚冷，补五脏，生肌肉。一名干归。生陇西川谷。二月、八月采根
，阴干。（恶 茹，畏菖蒲、海藻、牡蒙。）
陶隐居云∶今陇西叨阳黑水当归，多肉少枝，气香，名马尾当归，稍难得。西川北部当
归，
多根枝而细。历阳所出，色白而气味薄，不相似，呼为草当归，缺少时乃用之。方家有云真
当归，正谓此，有好恶故也。俗用甚多，道方时须尔。唐本注云∶当归苗有二种∶于内一种
，似大叶芎 。一种似细叶芎 ，唯茎叶卑下于芎 也。今出当州、宕州、翼州、松州，宕
州最胜。细叶者名蚕头当归，大叶者名马尾当归，今用多是马尾当归，蚕头者不如此，不复
用，陶称历阳者，是蚕头当归也。臣禹锡等谨按尔雅云∶薜，山蕲。注《广雅》曰∶山蕲
，当
归也。当归今似蕲而粗大。吴氏云∶当归，神农、黄帝、桐君、扁鹊∶甘，无毒。歧伯、雷
公∶辛，无毒。季氏∶小温。或生羌胡地。范子云∶当归无枯者善。药性论云∶当归，臣，
恶热面。止呕逆，虚劳寒热，破宿血，主女子崩中，下肠胃冷，补诸不足，止痢腹痛。单煮
饮汁，治温疟，主女人沥血腰痛，疗齿疼痛不可忍。患人虚冷，加而用之。日华子云∶治一
切风，一切血，补一切劳，破恶血，养新血及主症癖。
图经曰∶当归，生陇西川谷，今川蜀、陕西诸郡及江宁府、滁州皆有之，以蜀中者为胜。
春
生
苗，绿叶有三瓣。七、八月开花似时罗，浅紫色。根黑黄色。二月、八月采根，阴干。然苗
有二种，都类芎 ，而叶有大小为异，茎梗比芎 甚卑下。根亦二种，大叶名马尾当归，细
叶名蚕头当归。大抵以肉浓而不枯者为胜。谨按《尔雅》云∶薜（布革切），山蕲（古芹
字巨
斤切）。郭璞注引《广雅》云∶山蕲，当归也。似蕲而粗大。释曰∶《说文》云∶蕲，草也
。生山中者名薜，一名山蕲。然则当归芹类也。在平地者名芹，生山中而粗大者名当归也。
雷公云∶凡使，先去尘并头尖硬处一分以来，酒浸一宿。若要破血，即使头一节硬实处。
若
要
止痛止血，即用尾。若一时用，不如不使，服食无效，单使妙也。外台秘要∶治头疼欲裂。
当
归二两，酒一升，煮取六合，饮至再服。又方∶治心痛。当归为末，酒服方寸匕。肘后方∶
治小
儿多患胎寒好啼，昼夜不止，因此成痫。当归末一小豆大，以乳汁灌之，日夜三、四度服，
瘥。葛氏方∶治小便出血。当归四两细锉，酒三升，煮取一升，顿服之。梅师方∶治胎动下
血，
心腹疼，死生不知，服此汤，活即安，死即下。用当归四两，芎 九两，细锉，以酒三升，
水四升，煎取三升，分服。子母秘录治倒产，子死腹中。捣当归末，酒服方寸匕。又方∶治
小儿脐风疮久不瘥，用当归末敷之。贾相公进过《牛经》，牛有尿血病。当归、红花各半两
，为末，以酒半升煎，候冷，灌之瘥。支太医方治妇人百病，诸虚不足。当归四两，地黄二
两，为末，蜜和丸如梧子大。食前米饮下十五丸。别说云∶谨按当归，自古医家方论，用
治
妇人产后恶血上冲，仓卒取效，无急于此，世俗多以谓唯能治血。又《外台秘要》、《金
匮
》、《千金》等方，皆为大补不足，决取立效之药。气血昏乱者，服之即定。此盖服之能使
气血各有所归，则可以于产后备急于补虚速效。恐圣人立当归之名，必因此出矣。
衍义曰∶当归，《广雅》云∶山蕲（古芹切），当归也，似芹而粗大。《说广》云∶蕲，
草也
，
生山中者名薜（音百）。新书《图经》以谓当归，芹类也。在平地者名芹，生山中粗大者名
当
归。若然，则今川蜀皆以平地作畦种，尤肥好多脂肉。不以平地、山中为等差，但肥润不枯
燥者佳。今医家用此一种为胜。市人又以薄酒洒使肥润，不可不察也。《药性论》云∶补女
子诸不足，此说尽当归之用也。
当归
味甘、辛，性温至大温，无毒。主治咳嗽气逆，温疟引起的寒战发热（皮肤中感觉寒冷如洗），妇女经血淋漓不尽，绝育不孕，各种恶疮瘙痒，金创（金属利器造成的创伤），煮水饮用。能温中止痛，消除体内停滞的瘀血，治疗中风、汗不出、湿痹、中恶邪气、客气虚冷，补益五脏，促进肌肉生长。又名干归。产于陇西川谷。二月、八月采集根部，阴干。（畏忌茹草，害怕菖蒲、海藻、牡蒙。）
陶隐居说：现在的陇西叨阳黑水当归，肉质多肉少枝，气味香，名为马尾当归，稍微难得。西川北部当归，多根枝且细。历阳出产的，颜色白而气味淡薄，不相似，称为草当归，缺少时才使用。方书中有“真当归”的说法，正是指这个，因为有优劣之分。世俗使用很多，道医配方时常需要这样。唐本注说：当归苗有两种：其中一种，像大叶芎藭；另一种像细叶芎藭，只是茎叶比芎藭低矮。现在产自当州、宕州、翼州、松州，宕州的最好。细叶的名为蚕头当归，大叶的名为马尾当归，现在多用的是马尾当归，蚕头当归不如它，不再使用，陶隐居所说的历阳产的，就是蚕头当归。臣禹锡等谨按《尔雅》说：薜，是山蕲。注释《广雅》说：山蕲，就是当归。当归现在像蕲菜但更粗大。吴氏说：当归，神农、黄帝、桐君、扁鹊认为：甘，无毒。歧伯、雷公认为：辛，无毒。季氏认为：小温。有的生长在羌胡之地。范子说：当归没有枯干的为好。《药性论》说：当归，臣服者，厌恶热面。止呕逆，虚劳寒热，破除宿血，主治女子崩中，下肠胃冷，补诸不足，止痢腹痛。单煮饮汁，治温疟，主治女人沥血腰痛，治疗牙齿疼痛不可忍受。病人虚冷，加用此药。日华子说：治一切风，一切血，补一切劳损，破恶血，养新血及主治症癖。
《图经》说：当归，生于陇西川谷，现在川蜀、陕西各郡及江宁府、滁州都有，以蜀中的为优。春天生苗，绿叶有三瓣。七、八月开花似时罗，浅紫色。根黑黄色。二月、八月采根，阴干。然而苗有两种，都类似芎藭，而叶有大小不同，茎梗比芎藭非常低矮。根也有两种，大叶名马尾当归，细叶名蚕头当归。大致以肉质浓密而不枯干的为优。谨按《尔雅》说：薜（布革切），山蕲（古芹字巨斤切）。郭璞注引《广雅》说：山蕲，就是当归。像蕲菜但更粗大。解释说：《说文》说：蕲，是草。生在山的叫薜，一名山蕲。那么当归是芹菜类。在平地的叫芹，生在山上而粗大的叫当归。雷公说：凡是使用，先去掉尘土和头尖硬处一分来长，酒浸一夜。如果要破血，就用头一节硬实处。如果要止痛止血，就用尾。如果同时使用，不如不使用，服用无效，单用才妙。《外台秘要》：治头疼欲裂。当归二两，酒一升，煮取六合，饮至再服。又一方：治心痛。当归为末，酒服方寸匕。《肘后方》：治小儿多患胎寒好啼，昼夜不止，因此成痫。当归末一小豆大，以乳汁灌之，日夜三、四度服，病愈。葛氏方：治小便出血。当归四两细锉，酒三升，煮取一升，顿服之。梅师方：治胎动下血，心腹疼，死生不知，服此汤，活即安，死即下。用当归四两，芎藭九两，细锉，以酒三升，水四升，煎取三升，分服。《子母秘录》治倒产，子死腹中。捣当归末，酒服方寸匕。又一方：治小儿脐风疮久不愈，用当归末敷之。贾相公进过《牛经》，牛有尿血病。当归、红花各半两，为末，以酒半升煎，候冷，灌之病愈。支太医方治妇人百病，诸虚不足。当归四两，地黄二两，为末，蜜和丸如梧子大。食前米饮下十五丸。别说云：谨按当归，自古医家方论，用治妇人产后恶血上冲，仓卒取效，无急于此，世俗多以谓唯能治血。又《外台秘要》、《金匮》、《千金》等方，皆为大补不足，决取立效之药。气血昏乱者，服之即定。这大概是服用后能使气血各有所归，所以可以在产后备急于补虚速效。恐怕圣人立当归之名，必因此出矣。
《衍义》说：当归，《广雅》说：山蕲（古芹切），当归也，像芹菜但更粗大。《说广》说：蕲，是草，生在山的叫薜（音百）。新书《图经》认为当归是芹菜类。在平地的叫芹，生在山上粗大的叫当归。如果是这样，那么现在川蜀都以平地作畦种植，尤其肥好多脂肉。不以平地、山中为等级差别，只要肥润不干燥的就佳。现在医家用这一种为优。市人又以薄酒洒使肥润，不可不察也。《药性论》说：补女子诸不足，此说尽当归之用也。
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis)
Taste: Sweet, Pungent. Nature: Warm to Greatly Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Mainly treats cough with rebellious Qi (Ke Ni Shang Qi), the chills and fever of warm malaria (Wen Nue) manifesting as a sensation of cold washing over the skin, leukorrhea or metrorrhagia in women (Lou Xia), infertility (Jue Zi), various malignant sores with itching (E Chuang Yang), traumatic injuries caused by metal weapons (Jin Chuang). Decocted and drunk. It warms the middle Jiao and alleviates pain, eliminates stagnant blood within (Ke Xue Nei Sai), treats wind-stroke (Zhong Feng), absence of sweating, damp-bi syndrome (Shi Bi), sudden attack by evil Qi (Zhong E), deficiency-cold from pathogenic Qi (Ke Qi Xu Leng), tonifies the five Zang organs, and promotes muscle growth.
Alternative name: Gan Gui (Dry Return).
Habitat: Produced in Longxi river valleys.
Harvesting: Roots are harvested in the second and eighth months and dried in the shade.
Contraindications/Interactions: Averse to Ru grass; fears Chang Pu (Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome), Hai Zao (Sargassum), and Mu Meng.
Tao Hongjing states: Currently, Danggui from Heishui, Taoyang, Longxi, has thick flesh and few branches, possesses an aromatic fragrance, and is named "Ma Wei Danggui" (Horse-tail Danggui); it is somewhat difficult to obtain. Danggui from Northern Sichuan has many branches and is thin. The variety from Liyang is white in color and thin in aroma and flavor, differing significantly, and is called "Cao Danggui" (Grass Danggui), used only when supplies are scarce. Formulary texts refer to "Zhen Danggui" (True Danggui), which precisely refers to this variety, due to the existence of good and inferior qualities. It is widely used in secular practice and frequently required in Daoist prescriptions.
The Tang Ben Zhu notes: There are two types of Danggui seedlings: one resembles Da Ye Xiong Qiong (Large-leaf Ligusticum); the other resembles Xi Ye Xiong Qiong (Fine-leaf Ligusticum), but its stems and leaves are lower than those of Xiong Qiong. Currently, it is produced in Dangzhou, Dangzhou, Yizhou, and Songzhou, with Dangzhou being the best. The fine-leaf type is named "Can Tou Danggui" (Silkworm-head Danggui), and the large-leaf type is named "Ma Wei Danggui". Currently, Ma Wei Danggui is mostly used, while Can Tou Danggui is inferior and no longer used. The Danggui from Liyang mentioned by Tao is Can Tou Danggui.
Chen Yuxi and others respectfully cite the *Erya*: "Bi, Shan Qi." The commentary on the *Guangya* states: "Shan Qi is Danggui." Danggui currently resembles Qi vegetable but is thicker.
Wu Shi states: Shennong, Huangdi, Tongjun, and Bianque considered Danggui to be Sweet and non-toxic. Qibo and Leigong considered it Pungent and non-toxic. Ji Shi considered it Slightly Warm. Some grow in the lands of Qiang and Hu.
Fanzi states: Danggui without withering is superior.
The *Yaoxing Lun* states: Danggui, when used as a minister drug, dislikes heat and noodles. It stops vomiting and rebellious Qi, treats deficiency-labor with chills and fever, breaks old blood, mainly treats metrorrhagia in women, cools the intestines and stomach, tonifies various deficiencies, and stops dysentery and abdominal pain. Decocted alone and drunk, it treats warm malaria and mainly treats leukorrhea and lower back pain in women, and unbearable toothache. For patients with deficiency-cold, it is added to prescriptions.
Ri Hua Zi states: It treats all wind conditions, all blood disorders, tonifies all deficiency-fatigue, breaks evil blood, nourishes new blood, and mainly treats mass formations (Zheng Pi).
The *Tu Jing* states: Danggui grows in Longxi river valleys. Currently, it is found in Sichuan, Shu, Shaanxi prefectures, as well as Jiangning Prefecture and Chuzhou, with the Sichuan variety being superior. It sprouts in spring with green leaves having three leaflets. It flowers in the seventh and eighth months, resembling Shiluo, with light purple petals. The root is black-yellow. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth months and dried in the shade. However, there are two types of seedlings, both resembling Xiong Qiong, but differing in leaf size, with stems much lower than Xiong Qiong. There are also two types of roots: large-leaf is named Ma Wei Danggui, and fine-leaf is named Can Tou Danggui. Generally, those with thick flesh and not withered are superior. Respectfully citing the *Erya*: "Bi (pronounced Bu Ge), Shan Qi (ancient character for Qin, pronounced Ju Jin)." Guo Pu's commentary cites the *Guangya*: "Shan Qi is Danggui." It resembles Qi vegetable but is thicker. Explanation: The *Shuowen* states: "Qi is a grass. Those growing in mountains are named Bi, also known as Shan Qi." Thus, Danggui belongs to the celery family. Those growing in flatlands are named Qin (celery), while those growing in mountains and being thick are named Danggui.
Leigong states: When using, first remove dust and the hard tip of the head, about one cun long, and soak in wine overnight. If the intention is to break blood, use the hard part of the head segment. If the intention is to stop pain and bleeding, use the tail. If used together, it is better not to use them; taking them together is ineffective, while using them separately is excellent.
The *Waitai Miyao* states: Treats severe headache. Danggui 2 liang, wine 1 sheng, decoct to obtain 6 he, drink up to two doses. Another prescription: Treats heart pain. Danggui powdered, taken with wine using a square-inch measure.
The *Zhouhou Fang* states: Treats infants prone to fetal coldness and crying, day and night without stopping, leading to epilepsy. Danggui powder, size of a small bean, administered with breast milk, three to four times a day, until recovery.
Ge Shi Fang states: Treats hematuria. Danggui 4 liang, finely chopped, wine 3 sheng, decoct to obtain 1 sheng, take in one dose.
Mei Shi Fang states: Treats threatened miscarriage with bleeding, abdominal pain, unknown outcome of life or death. Taking this decoction, if alive, will stabilize; if dead, will expel. Use Danggui 4 liang, Xiongxiong 9 liang, finely chopped, with wine 3 sheng and water 4 sheng, decoct to obtain 3 sheng, divide into doses.
The *Zimu Milu* treats breech presentation with a dead fetus in the womb. Pound Danggui into powder, take with wine using a square-inch measure. Another prescription: Treats infant umbilical wind sore that does not heal for a long time; apply Danggui powder topically.
Prime Minister Jia presented the *Niu Jing* (Classic of Cattle), stating cattle suffer from hematuria. Danggui and Honghua each 0.5 liang, powdered, decocted in half a sheng of wine, cooled, and administered orally until recovery.
Physician Zhi's prescription treats hundred diseases in women and various deficiencies. Danggui 4 liang, Dihuang 2 liang, powdered, mixed with honey into pills the size of wutong seeds. Take fifteen pills before meals with rice water.
Bieshuo states: Respectfully citing Danggui, ancient medical texts and formulas use it to treat upward rushing of evil blood after childbirth, providing rapid effect in emergencies, none more urgent than this. Secular people often believe it only treats blood disorders. Furthermore, formulas in the *Waitai Miyao*, *Jingui Yaolue*, and *Qianjin Yaofang* all use it as a major tonic for deficiencies, aiming for immediate efficacy. For those with chaotic Qi and blood, taking it stabilizes them immediately. This is likely because taking it allows Qi and blood to return to their proper places (Gui), thus serving as a quick-acting tonic for deficiency prepared for postpartum emergencies. It is feared that the sage established the name Danggui precisely for this reason.
The *Yanyi* states: According to the *Guangya*, "Shan Qi (ancient pronunciation Qin), is Danggui," resembling celery but thicker. The *Shuoguang* states: "Qi is a grass; those growing in mountains are named Bi (pronounced Bai)." The new edition of the *Tu Jing* considers Danggui to be of the celery family. Those in flatlands are named Qin, while those in mountains and thick are named Danggui. If so, then currently in Sichuan and Shu, it is planted in flatland ridges, becoming particularly fat and oily. There is no distinction based on flatland or mountain origin; only those that are fat, moist, and not dry are excellent. Current physicians consider this variety superior. Market vendors sometimes sprinkle weak wine to make them appear fat and moist, which must be examined carefully. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: "Tonifies various deficiencies in women," which fully describes the uses of Danggui.