\r杜衡\pd168.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主风寒咳逆。香人衣体。生山谷。三月三日采根，熟洗，曝干。
陶隐居云∶根、叶都似细辛，唯气小异尔。处处有之。方药少用，唯道家服之。令人身
衣香
。《山海经》云∶可疗瘿。唐本注云∶杜衡叶似葵，形如马蹄，故俗云马蹄香。生山之阴，
水泽下湿地。根似细辛、白前等。今俗以及己代之，谬矣。及己独茎，茎端四叶，叶间白花
，殊无芳气。有毒，服之令人吐，唯疗疮疥，不可乱杜衡也。臣禹锡等谨按尔雅云∶杜，
土
卤。注∶杜衡也。似葵而香。山海经云∶天帝山有草，状如葵，其臭如蘼芜，名曰杜衡，可
以走马，食之已瘿。郭璞注云∶带之令人便马。或曰∶马得之而健走。药性论云∶杜衡，使
。能止气奔喘促，消痰饮，破留血，主项间瘤瘿之疾。
图经曰∶杜衡，旧不着所出州土，今江淮间皆有之。苗、叶都似细辛，唯香气小异，而
根亦
粗
，黄白色，叶似马蹄，故名马蹄香。三月三日采根，熟洗，曝干。谨按《山海经》云∶天
帝
之山有草，状如葵，其臭如蘼芜，名曰杜衡，可以走马，食之已瘿。郭璞注云∶带之可以走
马
，或曰∶马得之而健走。《尔雅》谓之杜，又名土卤。然杜若亦名杜蘅，或疑是杜若。据郭
璞注云∶似葵而香，故知是此杜衡也。今人用作浴汤及衣香甚佳。
衍义曰∶杜衡，用根，似细辛，但根色白，叶如马蹄之下。市者往往乱细辛，须如此别
之。
《
尔雅》以谓似葵而香是也。将杜衡与细辛相对，便见真伪。况细辛唯出华州者良。杜衡其色
黄白，拳局而脆，干则作团。
味辛，性温，无毒。主治风寒引起的咳嗽气逆。能使人的身体和衣物散发香气。生长在山谷中。农历三月三日采集根部，仔细清洗后晒干。
陶隐居说：杜衡的根和叶都像细辛，只是气味略有不同。到处都有生长。方药中很少使用，只有道家服用它。能让人的身体和衣服变香。《山海经》说：可以治疗瘿瘤（甲状腺肿等颈部肿块）。唐本注说：杜衡的叶子像葵菜，形状像马蹄，所以俗称马蹄香。生长在山的北面，水泽下的潮湿低洼处。根像细辛、白前等。现在民间常用及己来替代它，这是错误的。及己单独长茎，茎端有四片叶子，叶间开白花，完全没有芳香气味。有毒，服用后会让人呕吐，只能用来治疗疮疥，不能混淆杜衡。臣禹锡等人谨按《尔雅》说：杜，即土卤。注解说：就是杜衡。像葵菜且有香味。《山海经》说：天帝山有一种草，形状像葵菜，气味像蘼芜，名叫杜衡，可以让马奔跑得快，吃了它可以治愈瘿瘤。郭璞注解说：佩戴它能让人骑马便捷。有人说：马得到它就能健步如飞。《药性论》说：杜衡，作为使药。能止住气逆奔喘，消除痰饮，破除瘀血，主治颈部的瘤瘿疾病。
《图经》说：杜衡，旧籍没有记载出产的州土，现在江淮之间都有生长。苗、叶都像细辛，只是香气略有不同，而根也比较粗，呈黄白色，叶子像马蹄，所以名叫马蹄香。农历三月三日采集根部，仔细清洗后晒干。谨按《山海经》说：天帝的山上有一种草，形状像葵菜，气味像蘼芜，名叫杜衡，可以让马奔跑得快，吃了它可以治愈瘿瘤。郭璞注解说：佩戴它能让人骑马奔跑，或者说：马得到它就能健步如飞。《尔雅》称它为杜，又名土卤。然而杜若也名叫杜蘅，有人怀疑是杜若。根据郭璞注解说：像葵菜且有香味，所以知道这就是杜衡。现在人用它做沐浴汤剂以及衣物熏香非常好。
《衍义》说：杜衡，使用根部，像细辛，但根色白，叶子像马蹄的下部。市场上的人往往用杜衡混杂细辛，必须这样辨别它们。《尔雅》认为像葵菜且有香味是正确的。将杜衡与细辛相对比，就能看出真伪。况且细辛只有华州出产的质量好。杜衡颜色黄白，卷曲而脆，干燥后结成团块。
Duheng (Asarum forbesii)
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats wind-cold cough and rebellious qi. Imparts fragrance to the body and clothing. Grows in mountain valleys. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month, thoroughly washed, and dried in the sun.
Tao Hongjing stated: The roots and leaves resemble Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), differing only slightly in odor. It is found everywhere. It is rarely used in medical prescriptions, but is consumed by Daoists. It causes the body and garments to become fragrant. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* (*Shan Hai Jing*) states that it can treat ying (goiter). The *Tang Bencao* commentary notes: Duheng's leaves resemble those of kui (mallow), shaped like a horse's hoof, hence the common name "Horse Hoof Fragrance" (Matixiang). It grows on the shady side of mountains and in damp, low-lying areas near water. Its root resembles Xixin and Baiqian (Caulis Bupleuri). Currently, people often substitute it with Ji (Arisaema consanguineum), which is erroneous. Ji has a single stem with four leaves at the tip and white flowers between the leaves; it lacks any aromatic scent entirely. It is toxic and induces vomiting if ingested; it is only useful for treating sores and scabies, and must not be confused with Duheng. Minister Yuxi and others carefully note according to the *Erya*: "Du" refers to Tulü. The annotation states: This is Duheng. It resembles kui and is fragrant. The *Shan Hai Jing* says: On Tiandi Mountain, there is a herb resembling kui, with an odor like Miwu (Angelica dahurica), named Duheng. It enables horses to run fast, and consuming it cures goiter. Guo Pu's annotation states: Wearing it allows one to ride horses efficiently. Some say: Horses that consume it run vigorously. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: Duheng serves as a guiding drug. It can stop wheezing and panting caused by rebellious qi, resolve phlegm-fluids, break up stagnant blood, and primarily treat tumors and goiters in the neck region.
The *Tu Jing* states: Duheng was not previously recorded regarding its place of origin; currently, it is found throughout the Jianghuai region. The seedlings and leaves resemble Xixin, differing only slightly in aroma, while the root is also thicker, yellowish-white, and the leaves resemble horse hooves, thus named Matixiang. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month, thoroughly washed, and dried in the sun. Carefully noting the *Shan Hai Jing*: On the Mountain of the Heavenly Emperor, there is a herb resembling kui, with an odor like Miwu, named Duheng, which enables horses to run fast, and eating it cures goiter. Guo Pu's annotation states: Wearing it allows one to ride horses, or some say: Horses that obtain it run vigorously. The *Erya* calls it Du, also known as Tulü. However, Duruo is also called Duhen, leading some to suspect it might be Duruo. Based on Guo Pu's annotation stating it resembles kui and is fragrant, we know this is indeed Duheng. Currently, people use it for bathing decoctions and for perfuming clothes, which is excellent.
The *Yanyi* states: For Duheng, the root is used. It resembles Xixin, but the root color is white, and the leaves resemble the underside of a horse's hoof. Merchants often confuse it with Xixin; one must distinguish them thus. The *Erya* correctly identifies it as resembling kui and being fragrant. Comparing Duheng with Xixin reveals their authenticity. Moreover, Xixin from Huazhou is of superior quality. Duheng is yellowish-white, curled and brittle, forming clumps when dry.