\r槟榔\pd323.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主消谷逐水，除痰癖，杀三虫、伏尸，疗寸白。生南海。
陶隐居云∶此有三、四种。出交州，形小而味甘。广州以南者，形大而味涩。核亦有大
者，名猪槟榔。作药皆用之。又小者，南人名 子，俗人呼为槟榔孙，亦可食。唐本注云∶
槟榔生者极大，停数日便烂。今人北来者，皆先灰汁煮熟，仍火熏使干，始堪停久。其中仁
主腹胀，生捣末服，利水谷道。敷疮，生肌肉止痛。烧为灰，主口吻白疮。生交州、爱州及
昆仑。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶白槟榔，君，味甘，大寒。能主宣利五脏六腑拥滞，破坚满
气，下水肿，治心痛，风血积聚。广志云∶木实白槟榔树，无枝略如柱，其颠生 而秀，生
棘针，重叠其下，彼方珍之，以为口实。陈藏器云∶ 子，小槟榔也。生收火干，中无人者，
功劣于槟榔。顾征《广州记》云∶山槟榔，形小而KT 细。 子，土人呼为槟榔孙。日华
子云∶槟榔，味涩。除一切风，下一切气，通关节，利九窍，补五劳七伤，健脾调中，除烦，
破症
图经曰∶槟榔，生南海。今岭外州郡皆有之。大如桄榔，而高五、七丈，正直无枝，皮
似青桐，节如桂竹。叶生木巅，大如 头，又似甘蕉叶。其实作房，从叶中出，旁有刺若棘
针，重叠其下。一房数百实，如鸡子状，皆有皮壳。肉满壳中，正白。味苦涩，得扶留藤与
瓦屋子灰同咀嚼之，则柔滑而甘美。岭南人啖之以当果实。其俗云∶南方地温，不食此无以
祛瘴疠。其实春生，至夏乃熟。然其肉极易烂。欲收之，皆先以灰汁煮熟，仍火焙熏干，始
堪停久。此有三、四种，有小而味甘者，名山槟榔。有大而味涩核亦大者，名猪槟榔。最小
者名 子。其功用不说有别。又云∶尖长而有紫纹者名槟，圆而矮者名榔，槟力小，榔力大。
今医家不复细分，但取作鸡心状、有坐正稳心不虚、破之作锦纹者为佳。其大腹所出，与槟
榔相似，但茎、叶、根、干小异，并皮收之，谓之大腹槟榔。或云∶槟榔难得真者，今贾人
货者，多大腹也。
海药∶谨按《广志》云∶生东海诸国。树、茎、叶、根、干与大腹小异耳。
又云∶如棕榈也。叶茜似芭蕉状。隐弘景云∶向阳曰槟榔，向阴曰大腹。味涩，温，无
毒。
主贲豚诸气，五膈气，风冷气，宿食不消。《香港脚论》云∶以沙牛尿一盏，磨一枚，空心暖
服，治香港脚壅毒，水肿浮气。秦医云∶槟榔二枚，一生一熟，捣末。酒煎服之，善治膀胱诸
气也。食疗∶多食发热，南人生食。闽中名橄榄子。所来北者，煮熟、熏干将来。雷公云∶
凡使，取好存坐稳、心坚纹如流水，碎破内纹如锦纹者妙。半白半黑并心虚者，不入药用。
凡使须别槟与榔，头圆身形矮 者是榔，身形尖紫纹粗者是槟。槟力小，榔力大。欲使先以
刀刮去底，细切。勿经火，恐无力效。若熟使，不如不用。圣惠方∶治口吻生白疮。用二枚
烧灰细研，敷之妙。又方∶治胎动腰痛抢心，或有血下。用一两为末，非时水煮葱白浓汁，
调下一钱匕。外台秘要∶若香港脚，非冷非热，老人、弱人胀满者。槟榔仁为末，以槟榔壳汁
或
茶饮、或豉汁中调服方寸匕，甚利。经验方治金疮。白槟榔、黄连少许为末，敷之即瘥。梅
师方∶治醋心。槟榔四两，桔皮二两，细捣为散。空心生蜜汤下方寸匕。孙真人食忌∶治呕
吐。以白槟一颗，煨，桔皮一分，炙为末。水一盏，煎半盏服。斗门方治腰重痛。用槟榔为
末，酒下一钱。又方∶治本藏气。以鸡心槟榔，小便浓磨半个服。或用热酒调一钱匕，效。
简要济众治诸虫在脏腑久不瘥。槟榔半两炮，捣为末。每服一钱至二钱，葱、蜜煎汤调下，
空心服。又方∶治香港脚冲心。白槟榔一个，鸡心大者为末，用童子小便，生姜汁，温酒共半
盏调，只作一服，无时服。广利方治香港脚冲心，致闷乱不识人。白槟榔十二分，为末。分三
服，空心暖小便五大合调服，日再服。御药院治痰涎。槟榔为末，白汤点一钱。齐民要术槟
榔下气及宿食，白虫，消谷，痰饮。
衍义曰∶槟榔，二书所说甚详。今人又取尖长者入药，言其快锐速效。屡尝试之，果如
其说。
味辛，性温，无毒。主要功效为消化谷物、驱除水湿、消除痰癖（因痰饮停滞形成的积块），杀灭三虫（泛指肠道寄生虫）、伏尸（潜伏体内的顽固病邪或寄生虫），治疗寸白虫（绦虫）。产于南海地区。
陶隐居说：槟榔有三四种。产自交州的，形状小而味道甘甜；广州以南产的，形状大而味道涩口。果核也有大的，名叫猪槟榔。作为药材都使用这些品种。还有一种小的，南方人叫它“𣐷子”，俗人称为“槟榔孙”，也可以食用。《唐本草》注解说：新鲜的槟榔个头极大，放置几天就会腐烂。现在从北方运来的，都是先用草木灰汁煮熟，再用火熏烤使其干燥，才能长久保存。其中仁主要治疗腹胀，生捣成末服用，能通利大小便。外敷疮疡，能促进肌肉生长并止痛。烧成炭灰，主治口角白斑（口吻白疮）。产于交州、爱州及昆仑等地。臣禹锡等人考证《药性论》说：白槟榔为君药，味甘，大寒。能宣通利导五脏六腑的壅滞之气，破除坚满之气，消除水肿，治疗心痛，消散风血积聚。《广志》记载：木实白槟榔树，没有枝条，略像柱子，顶端长出果实并开花，周围长有棘刺针状物，层层重叠在下方，当地人称珍，把它当作零食。陈藏器说：𣐷子是小槟榔。晒干后，中间无仁的，药效劣于槟榔。顾征《广州记》说：山槟榔，形状小且纹理细密。𣐷子，当地人称为槟榔孙。日华子说：槟榔，味涩。能祛除各种风邪，下行各种气机，疏通关节，利九窍，补益五劳七伤，健脾调中，消除烦闷，破除症瘕。
《图经》说：槟榔，产于南海。如今岭南各州郡都有出产。树干大如桄榔树，高五、七丈，笔直无枝，树皮像青桐，节像桂竹。叶子生在树顶，大如斗，又似甘蕉叶。果实成房状，从叶丛中长出，旁边有刺如棘针，层层重叠在下方。一个果房有几百个果实，像鸡蛋形状，都有皮壳。果肉充满壳中，颜色正白。味道苦涩，如果与扶留藤和瓦屋子灰一起咀嚼，就变得柔滑甘美。岭南人吃它来代替水果。当地风俗说：南方地势温热，不吃这个无法祛除瘴疠之气。果实春天生长，到夏天才成熟。然而果肉极易腐烂。想要收藏，都必须先用灰汁煮熟，再用火焙烤熏干，才能长久保存。这里有三四种，有小而味甘的，名叫山槟榔。有大而味涩且核也大的，名叫猪槟榔。最小的名叫𣐷子。其功用没有区别。又说：尖长且有紫纹的叫“槟”，圆矮的叫“榔”，槟的药力小，榔的药力大。现在的医生不再细分，只要选取呈鸡心状、坐得稳当、中心不虚、剖开后有锦纹的就是佳品。大腹所产出的，与槟榔相似，只是茎、叶、根、干略有不同，一并采收，叫做“大腹槟榔”。有人说：槟榔难得真品，现在商人贩卖的，大多是大腹槟榔。
海药：谨按《广志》说：产于东海各国。树、茎、叶、根、干与大腹槟榔略有不同。又说：像棕榈树一样。叶子茜色类似芭蕉状。陶弘景说：向阳生长的叫槟榔，向阴生长的叫大腹。味涩，性温，无毒。主要治疗奔豚气等各种气逆，五膈气，风冷气，宿食不消。《香港脚论》说：用沙牛尿一盏，磨一枚槟榔，空腹温服，治疗香港脚（脚气病）壅毒，水肿浮气。秦医说：槟榔两枚，一为生品一为熟品，捣成末。用酒煎服，善于治疗膀胱各种气病。食疗：多吃会发热，南方人生吃。闽中地区叫它橄榄子。从北方运来的，是煮熟、熏干后带来的。雷公说：凡是使用，要选取好、坐得稳、心坚、纹理如流水，破碎后内部纹理如锦纹的为好。半白半黑并且中心空虚的，不入药用。使用时必须区分槟与榔，头圆身形矮的是榔，身形尖且有粗紫纹的是槟。槟的药力小，榔的药力大。欲使用，先用刀刮去底部，细细切片。不要经过火煮，恐怕失去效力。如果是熟用的，不如不用。《圣惠方》：治疗口角生白斑。用两枚烧成灰，细细研磨，外敷效果奇妙。又一方：治疗胎动腰痛牵引心胸，或有阴道出血。用一两研成末，不时用葱白浓汁水煮，调服一钱匕。《外台秘要》：如果是香港脚，非冷非热，老人、体弱者出现胀满的情况。将槟榔仁研成末，用槟榔壳汁或茶饮、或豆豉汁调服方寸匕，非常有效。经验方治疗金疮（刀剑创伤）。白槟榔、黄连少许研成末，外敷即愈。梅师方：治疗醋心（胃酸上逆）。槟榔四两，桔皮二两，细细捣碎为散剂。空腹时蜜汤送下方寸匕。孙真人《食忌》：治疗呕吐。用白槟榔一颗，煨过，桔皮一分，炙过后研成末。用水一盏，煎至半盏服用。《斗门方》治疗腰重痛。用槟榔研成末，酒送一钱。又一方：治疗本脏气病。用鸡心槟榔，用浓小便磨半个服用。或者用热酒调服一钱匕，有效。《简要济众方》治疗各种虫在脏腑久治不愈。槟榔半两炮制，捣成末。每次服一钱至二钱，用葱、蜜煎汤调下，空腹服用。又一方：治疗香港脚冲心。白槟榔一个，以鸡心大小的为标准研成末，用童子小便、生姜汁、温酒共半盏调匀，只作一次服用，不拘时候服用。《广利方》治疗香港脚冲心，导致闷乱不识人。白槟榔十二分，研成末。分三次服用，空腹时用暖过的童子尿五大合调服，每天两次。御药院方治疗痰涎。槟榔研成末，用白开水点服一钱。《齐民要术》记载槟榔能下气及宿食，杀白虫，消谷，化痰饮。
《衍义》说：槟榔，前两本书说得非常详细。现在人们又取尖长的入药，说它锐利速效。多次尝试，果然像所说的那样。
Areca Nut (Binglang)
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Primarily functions to digest food, expel water retention, eliminate phlegm accumulation (masses formed by stagnation of phlegm-fluids), kill three types of parasites (general term for intestinal parasites), Fu Shi (stubborn pathogens or parasites lurking in the body), and treat Taenia saginata (tapeworm). Grows in the Nanhai region.
Tao Hongjing stated: There are three or four varieties. Those from Jiaozhou are small in shape and sweet in taste. Those south of Guangzhou are large in shape and astringent in taste. The nuts also include larger ones named Zhu Binglang (Pig Areca Nut). All these varieties are used as medicinal materials. There is also a smaller variety; people in the south call it "Zi", while commoners refer to it as "Binglang Sun" (Areca Grandson), which is also edible. The annotation in *Bencao Tiejing* notes: Fresh areca nuts are very large but rot within a few days. Those now transported from the north are first boiled in alkaline ash water, then smoked over fire until dry, allowing for long-term storage. The kernel primarily treats abdominal distension; when raw and ground into powder and taken orally, it promotes the passage of urine and feces. Applied externally to sores, it promotes tissue regeneration and relieves pain. Burned to ash, it treats oral leukoplakia (white patches on the lips/mouth). It grows in Jiaozhou, Aizhou, and Kunlun. Chen Yuxi and others verified that *Yaoxing Lun* states: White Areca Nut acts as the sovereign herb, sweet in taste, cold in nature. It can unblock and promote the flow of stagnant Qi in the five Zang and six Fu organs, break up firm and full Qi, reduce edema, treat heart pain, and dissipate wind-blood accumulations. *Guangzhi* records: The fruit-bearing tree of white areca nut has no branches, resembling a pillar, with fruits and flowers emerging at the apex, surrounded by thorn-like spines overlapping below. Locals treasure it as a snack. Chen Cangqi said: "Zi" is small areca nut. If dried after harvesting and lacking kernels inside, its efficacy is inferior to standard areca nut. Gu Zheng's *Guangzhou Ji* states: Mountain areca nut is small in shape with fine texture. "Zi" is called Binglang Sun by locals. Ri Hua Zi said: Areca nut is astringent. It dispels all types of wind, descends all types of Qi, unblocks joints, benefits the nine orifices, tonifies the five labors and seven injuries, strengthens the spleen and harmonizes the middle jiao, eliminates vexation, and breaks down masses (*Zheng*).
*Tujing* states: Areca nut grows in Nanhai. Currently, it is produced in all prefectures outside the Lingnan region. The trunk is as thick as *Shuanglang* (Betel Palm), reaching five to seven zhang in height, straight without branches, bark similar to green paulownia, nodes like cinnamon bamboo. Leaves grow at the top of the tree, large as a dou (measure), resembling banana leaves. The fruit forms in clusters emerging from among the leaves, accompanied by thorn-like spines overlapping below. One cluster contains hundreds of fruits, egg-shaped, each with a shell. The flesh fills the shell, appearing pure white. The taste is bitter and astringent; when chewed together with *Fuliu Teng* (Piper Kadsura Vine) and ash from roof tiles, it becomes soft, smooth, and delicious. People in Lingnan consume it as fruit. Their custom says: The southern climate is warm; without consuming this, one cannot dispel miasma and pestilence. The fruit grows in spring and ripens in summer. However, the flesh rots easily. To preserve it, it must be boiled in ash water first, then baked and smoked until dry, ensuring long-term storage. There are three or four varieties: small and sweet ones are named Shan Binglang (Mountain Areca); large, astringent ones with large nuts are named Zhu Binglang (Pig Areca); the smallest is named "Zi". Their functions are not distinct. It is further stated: Long and pointed ones with purple veins are called "Bing"; round and short ones are called "Lang". "Bing" has weaker efficacy, while "Lang" has stronger efficacy. Modern physicians no longer distinguish them strictly, preferring those shaped like a chicken heart, stable when placed, hollow-free in the center, and showing brocade-like patterns when broken open. The produce from Dafu resembles areca nut but differs slightly in stem, leaves, roots, and trunk; harvested together, it is called "Dafu Binglang" (Large Abdomen Areca). Some say: Genuine areca nut is hard to obtain; what merchants sell today is mostly Dafu areca nut.
Maritime Medicinals: According to *Guangzhi*, it grows in various countries of the East Sea. The tree, stem, leaves, roots, and trunk differ slightly from Dafu areca nut. It is also described as resembling a palm tree, with leaf sheaths similar to banana plants. Tao Hongjing said: Growing towards the sun is called Binglang; growing towards shade is called Dafu. Taste is astringent, nature is warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats Ben Tun Qi (rushing gas sensation) and other Qi rebellions, Wu Ge Qi (five diaphragmatic Qi stagnations), wind-cold Qi, and indigestion of retained food. *Xiangjiao Jie Lun* states: Grind one nut in one cup of sand bull urine, take warm on an empty stomach to treat Xiangjiao Jie (foot qi disease) with toxic congestion, edema, and floating Qi. Physician Qin stated: Use two areca nuts, one raw and one cooked, grind into powder. Decoct in wine and take; it effectively treats various Qi disorders of the bladder. Dietary Therapy: Excessive consumption causes heat; southerners eat it raw. In Minzhong, it is called Ganlan Zi. Those from the north are boiled, smoked dry, and brought over. Lei Gong said: When processing, select those that sit stably, have firm centers, and textures resembling flowing water; those breaking open to reveal brocade-like internal patterns are excellent. Half-white half-black ones with hollow centers are not used medicinally. One must distinguish between Bing and Lang: round-headed and short-bodied is Lang; pointed-bodied with coarse purple veins is Bing. Bing has weak efficacy, Lang has strong efficacy. To use, scrape off the bottom with a knife, slice thinly. Do not cook with fire, lest it lose efficacy. If used cooked, it is better not to use it. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats white patches on the mouth/lips. Burn two nuts to ash, grind finely, and apply externally for excellent results. Another prescription: Treats fetal movement causing lower back pain radiating to the heart, or vaginal bleeding. Take one liang, grind into powder. At any time, decoct thick juice from scallion whites in water, mix with one qian bi of powder and ingest. *Waitai Miyao*: For Xiangjiao Jie that is neither cold nor hot, causing bloating in the elderly or weak. Grind areca kernel into powder. Mix with areca husk juice, tea infusion, or fermented soybean juice, take one fang cun bi, highly effective. Empirical Prescription for treating metal wounds (lacerations): Mix small amounts of white areca nut and Coptis chinensis (Huanglian) into powder, apply externally for quick healing. Mei Shi Fang: Treats acid reflux (vinegar heart). Areca nut four liang, Tangerine peel two liang, finely grind into powder. Take one fang cun bi with honey water on an empty stomach. Sun Simiao's *Food Taboos*: Treats vomiting. Roast one white areca nut, roast one part tangerine peel, grind into powder. Decoct one cup of water to half a cup, take orally. *Doumen Fang* for heavy and painful waist: Grind areca nut into powder, take with wine, one qian. Another prescription: Treats organ-specific Qi disorders. Grind half a chicken-heart shaped areca nut in concentrated urine, take orally. Or mix one qian bi with hot wine, effective. *Jianyao Jizhong* for worms lingering in Zang-Fu organs unhealed for a long time: Pao (process) half a liang of areca nut, grind into powder. Take one to two qian per dose, mixed with decoction of scallions and honey, take on an empty stomach. Another prescription: Treats Xiangjiao Jie rushing to the heart. Take one white areca nut (chicken-heart size), grind into powder. Mix with child's urine, ginger juice, and warm wine totaling half a cup, take as a single dose at any time. *Guangli Fang* for Xiangjiao Jie rushing to the heart causing confusion and unconsciousness: Twelve fen of white areca nut, grind into powder. Divide into three doses. Take on an empty stomach mixed with five he of warm child's urine, twice daily. Imperial Pharmacy prescription for phlegm-saliva: Grind areca nut into powder, take one qian with plain boiling water. *Qimin Yaoshu* records that areca nut descends Qi, resolves retained food, kills white worms, aids digestion, and transforms phlegm-fluids.
*Yanyi* states: The previous two books describe areca nut in great detail. Nowadays, people also use long, pointed varieties in prescriptions, claiming they act sharply and quickly. Repeated trials confirm this assertion.