\r泽兰\pd182.bmp\r
味苦、甘，微温，无毒。主乳妇内衄，中风余疾，大腹水肿，身面四肢浮肿，骨节
中水，金疮，痈肿疮脓，产后金疮内塞。一名虎兰，一名龙枣，一名虎蒲。生汝南诸大泽旁
。三月三日采，阴干。（防己为之使。）
陶隐居云∶今处处有，多生下湿地。叶微香，可煎油。或生泽旁，故名泽兰，亦名都梁
香，
可作浴汤。人家多种之而叶小异。今山中又有一种甚相似，茎方，叶小强，不甚香。既云泽
兰又
生泽旁，故山中者为非，而药家乃采用之。唐本注云∶泽兰，茎方，节紫色，叶似兰草而不
香，今京下用之者是。陶云都梁香，乃兰草尔。俗名兰香，煮以洗浴，亦生泽畔，人家种之
，花白紫萼，茎圆，殊非泽兰也。陶注兰草，复云名都梁香，并不深识也。臣禹锡等谨按
吴氏
云∶泽兰一名水香。神农、黄帝、歧伯、桐君∶酸，无毒。季氏∶温。生下地水旁，叶如兰
，二月生香，赤节，四叶相值枝节间。药性论云∶泽兰，使，味苦、辛。主产后腹痛，频产
血气衰冷，成劳瘦羸，又治通身面目大肿。主妇人血沥，腰痛，日华子泽兰，通九窍，
利关脉，养血气，破宿血，消症瘕，产前产后百病，通小肠，长肉生肌，消扑损瘀血，治鼻
洪吐血，头风目痛，妇人劳瘦，丈夫面黄。四月、五月采，作缠把子。
图经曰∶泽兰，生汝南诸大泽旁，今荆、徐、随、寿、蜀、梧州，河中府皆有之。根紫
黑色
，
如粟根。二月生苗，高二、三尺，茎秆青紫色，作四棱。叶生相对，如薄荷，微香。七月开
花，带紫白色，萼通紫色，亦似薄荷花。三月采苗，
阴干。荆、湖、岭南人家多种之。寿州出者无花子。此与兰草大抵相类，但兰草生水旁，叶
光润，阴小紫，五、六月盛。而泽兰生水泽中及下湿地，叶尖，微有毛，不光润，方茎紫节
，七月、八月初采，微辛，此为异耳。今妇人方中最急用也。又有一种马兰，生水泽旁，颇
似泽兰，而气臭，味辛。亦主破血，补金创，断下血。陈藏器以为《楚词》所喻恶草即是也
。北人呼为紫菊，以其花似菊也。又有一种山兰，生山侧，似刘寄奴，叶无桠，不对生，花
心微黄赤。亦能破血，皆可用。
雷公云∶凡使，须要别识雄雌，其形不同。大泽兰形叶皆圆，根青黄，能生血调气与荣
合。
小
泽兰回别，采得后，看叶上斑，根须尖，此药能破血，通久积。凡修事，大小泽兰须细锉之
。用绢袋盛，悬于屋南畔角上，令干用。子母秘录∶治小儿蓐疮，嚼泽兰心封上。
衍义曰∶泽兰，按《补注》云∶叶如兰。今兰叶如麦门冬，稍阔而长，及一、二尺无枝
梗，
殊
不与泽兰相似。泽兰才出土便分枝，梗叶如菊，但尖长。若取香嗅，则稍相类。既谓之泽兰
。又曰生汝南大泽旁，则其种本别。如兰之说误矣。
味苦、甘，微温，无毒。主治产后妇女体内出血（内衄），中风后的残余病症，大腹水肿，身体、面部及四肢浮肿，骨节间积水，金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），痈肿疮疡化脓，以及产后金疮内部瘀血阻滞。又名虎兰，又名龙枣，又名虎蒲。产于汝南地区各大沼泽旁边。三月三日采集，阴干。（防己为之使。）
陶隐居说：现在到处都有，多生长在低湿之地。叶子有微香，可以煎油。有的生长在水泽旁边，所以叫泽兰，也叫都梁香，可以用来制作沐浴汤剂。人家多种植它但叶子略有不同。现在山中又有一种非常相似的植物，茎是方形的，叶子较小且硬，香气不浓。既然叫泽兰又生长在水泽旁边，所以山中的这种不是真正的泽兰，但药商却采用它。唐本注说：泽兰，茎方形，节呈紫色，叶子像兰草但没有香味，现在京城下方使用的是这种。陶隐居说的都梁香，其实是兰草。俗名兰香，煮水用来洗浴，也生长在水边，人家种植它，花白紫萼，茎圆形，完全不是泽兰。陶隐居注释兰草，又说名叫都梁香，并没有深刻认识清楚。臣禹锡等谨按吴氏说：泽兰一名水香。神农、黄帝、歧伯、桐君认为其味酸，无毒。季氏认为其性温。生长在低地水旁，叶子像兰草，二月生出时有香气，节是红色的，四片叶子相对生在枝条节间。《药性论》说：泽兰，使药，味苦、辛。主治产后腹痛，频繁生产导致的气血衰冷，形成劳损消瘦，又治疗全身面目大肿。主治妇人血沥（血液凝滞不畅），腰痛。日华子说：泽兰，通九窍，利关脉，养血气，破宿血，消除症瘕（腹部结块），产前产后各种疾病，通小肠，长肉生肌，消除跌打损伤瘀血，治疗鼻出血吐血，头风目痛，妇人劳瘦，丈夫面色黄。四月、五月采集，做成缠把子。
《图经》说：泽兰，产于汝南地区各大沼泽旁边，现在荆、徐、随、寿、蜀、梧州，河中府都有。根紫黑色，像粟米的根。二月生苗，高二三尺，茎秆青紫色，呈四棱形。叶子对生，像薄荷，微香。七月开花，带紫白色，萼筒通紫色，也像薄荷花。三月采集苗，阴干。荆、湖、岭南人家多种植它。寿州出产的没有花籽。这与兰草大体相似，但兰草生长在水边，叶子光亮润泽，背面微紫，五、六月茂盛。而泽兰生长在水泽中及低湿地，叶子尖，微有毛，不光润，茎方形节紫色，七月、八月初采集，味微辛，这是不同之处。现在在妇人方剂中最急需使用。又有一种马兰，生长在水泽旁边，很像泽兰，但气味臭，味辛。也主治破血，补金创，止下部出血。陈藏器认为《楚辞》中所比喻的恶草就是它。北方人叫它紫菊，因为花像菊花。又有一种山兰，生长在山侧，像刘寄奴，叶子无分叉，不对生，花心微黄赤。也能破血，都可以使用。
雷公说：凡是使用，必须辨别雄雌，形状不同。大泽兰形状叶子都圆，根青黄色，能生血调气与荣合。小泽兰回别，采集后，看叶上有斑纹，根须尖，此药能破血，通久积。凡是修整处理，大小泽兰都必须细切。用绢袋盛装，悬挂在屋子南面角落上，令其干燥使用。《子母秘录》：治疗小儿蓐疮，嚼碎泽兰心敷在上面。
《衍义》说：泽兰，按《补注》说：叶子像兰草。现在兰叶像麦门冬，稍宽而长，一到二尺没有枝梗，完全不像泽兰。泽兰刚出土就分枝，梗叶像菊花，只是尖长。如果取来闻香，则稍微相类。既然叫泽兰，又说生于汝南大泽旁，那么它的种类本来不同。说是像兰的说法是错误的。
Ze Lan (Eupatorium fortunei)
Taste: Bitter, sweet; Nature: Slightly warm; Toxicity: Non-toxic. It primarily treats internal bleeding in postpartum women (Nei Nu), residual diseases after wind-stroke (Zhong Feng), massive abdominal edema, edema of the body, face, and four limbs, water accumulation in bone joints, metallic wounds (Jin Chuang), abscesses and sores with pus, and internal blood stasis blocking metallic wounds after childbirth. Also known as Hu Lan (Tiger Orchid), Long Zao (Dragon Date), and Hu Pu (Tiger Cattail). Grows beside major marshes in Runan. Harvested on the third day of the third lunar month, dried in the shade. (Fang Ji acts as its guide/enabler.)
Tao Hongjing stated: It is found everywhere now, mostly growing in low and damp places. The leaves have a slight fragrance and can be used to make oil. Some grow beside marshes, hence the name Ze Lan (Marsh Orchid), also called Du Liang Xiang (Du Liang Fragrance), which can be used to make bathing decoctions. Households often plant it, but the leaves are slightly different. Now there is another kind in the mountains that looks very similar, with a square stem, smaller and tougher leaves, and not very fragrant. Since it is called Ze Lan and grows beside marshes, the mountain variety is incorrect, yet herbalists still use it. Tang Ben Zhu noted: Ze Lan has a square stem, purple nodes, and leaves resembling Lan Cao (Lysimachia clethroides) but without fragrance; this is what is used in the capital region below. Tao's mention of Du Liang Xiang refers to Lan Cao. Commonly named Lan Xiang, boiled for bathing, it also grows by the water, planted by households, with white flowers and purple calyxes, round stems, which is completely different from Ze Lan. Tao's annotation on Lan Cao, stating it is also named Du Liang Xiang, shows a lack of deep understanding. Ministers Yu Xi et al. respectfully followed Wu Shi: Ze Lan is also named Shui Xiang (Water Fragrance). Shen Nong, Huang Di, Qi Bo, and Tong Jun considered it sour and non-toxic. Ji Shi considered it warm. It grows in low lands by water, with leaves like orchids, fragrant when sprouting in February, red nodes, with four leaves opposite each other at the branch nodes. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Ze Lan is an enabling herb, taste bitter and pungent. It primarily treats postpartum abdominal pain, qi and blood deficiency and coldness caused by frequent childbirth leading to consumptive emaciation, and massive swelling of the whole body and face. It treats blood stagnation in women, lower back pain. Ri Hua Zi stated: Ze Lan opens the nine orifices, benefits the collateral vessels, nourishes qi and blood, breaks old blood, eliminates masses (Zheng Jia), treats various diseases before and after childbirth, unblocks the small intestine, promotes flesh growth, resolves traumatic blood stasis, treats epistaxis and hematemesis, headache due to wind and eye pain, female consumptive emaciation, and male sallow complexion. Harvested in April and May, tied into bundles.
*Tu Jing* stated: Ze Lan grows beside major marshes in Runan. It is now found in Jing, Xu, Sui, Shou, Shu, Wu, Zhou, and Hezhong Prefecture. The root is purplish-black, resembling millet roots. Sprouts appear in February, two to three chi high, with green-purple square stems. Leaves are opposite, resembling mint, with slight fragrance. Flowers in July, purplish-white, with purple calyxes, also resembling mint flowers. Seedlings harvested in March, dried in the shade. Widely planted by households in Jing, Hu, and Lingnan. Those from Shouzhou do not produce seeds. This is generally similar to Lan Cao, but Lan Cao grows by the water, has glossy and smooth leaves, slightly purple underneath, and thrives in May and June. In contrast, Ze Lan grows in marshes and low damp areas, has pointed leaves with slight hairs, not glossy, square stems with purple nodes, harvested in early July and August, with a slightly pungent taste; this is the difference. It is currently most urgently used in prescriptions for women. There is another kind called Ma Lan (Horse Orchid), growing beside water marshes, resembling Ze Lan but with an unpleasant odor and pungent taste. It also treats blood breaking, metallic wound repair, and stopping lower bleeding. Chen Cangqi believed the evil grass metaphorically described in *Chu Ci* was this plant. People in the north call it Zi Ju (Purple Chrysanthemum) because its flower resembles chrysanthemums. There is also a Shan Lan (Mountain Orchid) growing on mountain sides, resembling Liu Ji Nu, with undivided leaves that are not opposite, and slightly yellow-red flower centers. It can also break blood and is usable.
Lei Gong stated: When using, one must distinguish between male and female forms, as their shapes differ. Da Ze Lan (Large Marsh Orchid) has round leaves and roots, with green-yellow roots, capable of generating blood, regulating qi, and harmonizing Ying. Xiao Ze Lan (Small Marsh Orchid) is different; after harvesting, look for spots on the leaves and sharp rootlets; this herb breaks blood and clears long-standing accumulations. For processing, both large and small Ze Lan must be finely chopped. Store in a silk bag, hang in the corner of the south side of the house, and let dry. *Zi Mu Mi Lu*: To treat infant postpartum skin sores, chew the heart of Ze Lan and apply it topically.
*Yan Yi* stated: Regarding Ze Lan, *Bu Zhu* says: "Leaves resemble orchids." Currently, Lan leaves resemble Ophiopogon japonicus (Mai Men Dong), being slightly wider and longer, reaching one or two chi without branches, which does not resemble Ze Lan at all. Ze Lan branches immediately upon emerging from the soil; the stems and leaves resemble chrysanthemums, just sharper and longer. If smelled for fragrance, they are somewhat similar. Since it is called Ze Lan and said to grow beside major marshes in Runan, its species is originally distinct. The claim that it resembles Lan is erroneous.