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\r漏芦二\pd112.bmp\r
味苦、咸，寒、大寒，无毒。主皮肤热，恶疮，疽痔，湿痹，下乳汁，止遗溺，热气
疮痒如麻豆，可作浴汤。久服轻身益气，耳目聪明，不老延年。一名野兰。生乔山山谷。八
月采根，阴干。
陶隐居云∶乔山应是黄帝所葬处，乃在上郡。今出近道亦有，疗诸 疥，此久服甚益人，
而
服食方罕用之。今市人皆取苗用之。俗中取根，名鹿骊（力支切）根，苦酒摩，以疗疮疥。
唐
本注云∶此药俗名荚蒿，茎叶似白蒿，花黄，生荚，长似细麻，如箸许，有四、五瓣，七月
、八月后皆黑，异于众草蒿之类也。常用其茎、叶及子，未见用根。其鹿骊，山南谓之木藜
芦，有毒，非漏芦也。今按别本注云∶漏芦，茎箸大，高四、五尺，子房似油麻房而小。
江
东人取其苗用，胜于根。江宁及上党者佳。陶注云∶根名鹿骊，唐注云∶山南人名木藜芦，
皆非也。漏芦自别尔。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶叶似角蒿，今曹、兖州下湿地最多。六
月
、七月采茎，日干之，黑于众草。药性论云∶漏芦，君。能治身上热毒风，生恶疮，皮肌瘙
痒
，瘾疹。陈藏器云∶按漏芦，南人用苗，北土多用根。树生如茱萸。树高二、三尺，有毒
，
杀虫。山人洗疮疥用之。日华子云∶连翘为使。治小儿壮热，通小肠，泄精，尿血，风赤眼
，乳痈，发背，瘰 ，肠风，排脓，补血。治扑损，续筋骨，敷金疮，止血长肉，通经脉。
花、苗并同用，俗呼为鬼油麻，形并气味似干牛蒡，头上有白花子。
图经曰∶漏芦，生乔山山谷，今京东州郡及秦、海州皆有之。旧说茎叶似白蒿，有荚，
花黄
，
生荚端，茎若箸大，其子作房，类油麻房而小，七、八月后皆黑，异于众草。今诸郡所图上
，唯单州者差相类，沂州者花叶颇似牡丹。秦州者花似单叶寒菊，紫色，五、七枝同一秆干
上。海州者花紫碧，如单叶莲花，花萼下及根旁有白茸裹之，根黑色如蔓菁而细，又类葱本
，淮甸人呼为老翁花。三州所生，花虽别而叶颇相类，但秦、海州者，叶更作锯齿状耳。一
物而殊类若此，医家何所适从，当依旧说，以单州出者为胜，六月、七月采茎苗，日干，八
月采根，阴干。南方用苗，北土多用根。又此下有飞廉条云∶生河内川泽，一名漏芦，与苦
（乌老切）相类，唯叶下附茎有皮起似箭羽，又多刻缺，花紫色，生平泽。又有一种生山岗
上
，叶颇相似而无疏缺，且多毛，茎亦无羽，根直下更旁枝生，则肉白皮黑，中有黑脉，日干
则黑如玄参。《经》云∶七月、八月采花阴干用。苏恭云∶用茎叶及疗疳蚀杀虫有验。据此
所说，与秦州、海州所谓漏芦者，花叶及根颇相近，然彼人但谓之漏芦，今医家罕有用飞廉
者。既未的识，故不复分别，但附其说于下。
雷公云∶凡使，勿用独漏，缘似漏芦，只是味苦、酸，误服令人吐不止，须细验。夫使
漏芦
，
细锉，拌生甘草相对蒸，从巳至申，去甘草净拣用。圣惠方∶治小儿无辜疳，肚胀或时泻痢
，
冷热不调。以漏芦一两，杵为散。每服以猪肝一两，散子一钱匕，盐少许，以水煮熟，空心
顿服。外台秘要∶治蛔虫，漏芦，杵，以饼 和方寸匕，服之。
漏芦（一种药材）
味苦、咸，性寒至大寒，无毒。主治皮肤发热，恶疮，疽痔，湿痹，通乳汁，止遗尿，热气引起的疮疡瘙痒如麻豆状，可煮水洗澡。长期服用能轻身益气，耳目聪明，不老延年。又名野兰。生长在乔山山谷。八月采集根部，阴干。
陶隐居说：乔山应该是黄帝安葬的地方，在上郡。现在近道也有出产，治疗各种疥癣，长期服用对人很有益处，但服食方中很少使用它。现在市场上的人都取它的苗来用。民间取根，名叫鹿骊（力支切）根，用醋磨碎，用来治疗疮疥。
《唐本草》注解说：这种药俗名荚蒿，茎叶像白蒿，花黄色，结荚，长细麻般粗细，像筷子那么粗，有四、五瓣，七月、八月后变黑，不同于一般的草蒿类。常用其茎、叶和子，未见用根的。那个鹿骊，山南地区叫它木藜芦，有毒，不是漏芦。现在参考其他版本的注解：漏芦，茎像筷子那样粗，高四、五尺，子房像油麻房但较小。江东人取其苗使用，胜过用根。江宁和上党出产的较好。陶隐居注解说：根名叫鹿骊，《唐本草》注解说：山南人叫它木藜芦，都不对。漏芦是另一种植物。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本图经》说：叶像角蒿，现在曹州、兖州下湿地最多。六月、七月采集茎，晒干，比一般草黑。《药性论》说：漏芦，为君药。能治身上热毒风，生恶疮，皮肌瘙痒，瘾疹。陈藏器说：按漏芦，南方人用苗，北方多用根。树生像茱萸。树高二、三尺，有毒，杀虫。山人洗疮疥用它。日华子说：连翘为使药。治小儿壮热，通小肠，泄精，尿血，风赤眼，乳痈，发背，瘰疬，肠风，排脓，补血。治跌打损伤，续筋骨，敷金疮，止血长肉，通经脉。花、苗并同用，俗呼为鬼油麻，形状气味像干牛蒡，头上有白花子。
《图经》说：漏芦，生在乔山山谷，现在京东州郡及秦州、海州都有。旧说茎叶像白蒿，有荚，花黄，生在荚端，茎像筷子粗，其子作房，像油麻房但小，七、八月后都黑，不同于众草。现在各州所图上，只有单州的比较相像，沂州的叶颇像牡丹。秦州的叶像单叶寒菊，紫色，五、七枝同一秆干上。海州的叶紫碧，像单叶莲花，花萼下及根旁有白茸裹之，根黑色如蔓菁而细，又类葱本，淮甸人呼为老翁花。三州所生，花虽别而叶颇相类，但秦、海州的叶更作锯齿状耳。一物而殊类若此，医家何所适从，当依旧说，以单州出者为胜，六月、七月采茎苗，日干，八月采根，阴干。南方用苗，北土多用根。又此下有飞廉条云：生河内川泽，一名漏芦，与苦（乌老切）相类，唯叶下附茎有皮起似箭羽，又多刻缺，花紫色，生平泽。又有一种生山岗上，叶颇相似而无疏缺，且多毛，茎亦无羽，根直下更旁枝生，则肉白皮黑，中有黑脉，日干则黑如玄参。《经》云：七月、八月采花阴干用。苏恭云：用茎叶及疗疳蚀杀虫有验。据此所说，与秦州、海州所谓漏芦者，花叶及根颇相近，然彼人但谓之漏芦，今医家罕有用飞廉者。既未的识，故不复分别，但附其说于下。
雷公说：凡是使用，不要用独漏，因为像漏芦，只是味苦、酸，误服令人吐不止，须细验。夫使用漏芦，细锉，拌生甘草相对蒸，从巳至申，去甘草净拣用。圣惠方：治小儿无辜疳，肚胀或时泻痢，冷热不调。以漏芦一两，杵为散。每服以猪肝一两，散子一钱匕，盐少许，以水煮熟，空心顿服。外台秘要：治蛔虫，漏芦，杵，以饼和方寸匕，服之。
Ludou Lu (Rhapontici Radix)
Taste: bitter, salty. Nature: cold to great cold. Toxicity: non-toxic. Indications: skin heat, malignant sores, abscesses and hemorrhoids, damp bi-syndrome, promotes lactation, stops enuresis, treats heat-induced sores with itching like hemp seeds; can be used as a bath decoction. Long-term use lightens the body, benefits qi, clarifies ears and eyes, prevents aging, and prolongs life. Alternative name: Ye Lan (Wild Orchid). Habitat: valleys of Qiao Mountain. Harvest time: roots collected in August, dried in shade.
Tao Hongjing stated: Qiao Mountain should be the burial place of the Yellow Emperor, located in Shang Commandery. It is also produced near the main roads now, treating various scabies. Long-term use is very beneficial to humans, but it is rarely used in food therapy prescriptions. Currently, market vendors use its aerial parts. In folk practice, the root is taken, named Luli (pronounced 'li zhi'), ground with vinegar, and applied to treat sores and scabies.
The Tang Bencao annotation states: This herb is commonly known as Jia Hao. Its stems and leaves resemble Bai Hao (Artemisia argyi), flowers are yellow, produce pods, slender like fine hemp, about the thickness of a chopstick, with four or five petals. After July and August, they turn black, distinct from common grasses and artemisias. The stems, leaves, and seeds are commonly used; roots are rarely seen in use. The Luli mentioned is called Mu Li Lu in southern mountains, which is toxic and is not Ludou Lu. According to other editions' annotations: Ludou Lu has stems as thick as chopsticks, growing four to five chi high. The seed capsules resemble those of sesame but are smaller. People in Jiangdong use the aerial parts, which are superior to roots. Those from Jiangning and Shangdang are considered best. Tao's note stating the root is named Luli, and the Tang note stating people in southern mountains call it Mu Li Lu, are both incorrect. Ludou Lu is a distinct plant. Ministers Yuxi et al. carefully followed the Shu Ben Tu Jing: Leaves resemble Jiao Hao. It is most abundant in low-lying wetlands of Caozhou and Yanzhou. Stems are harvested in June and July, sun-dried, appearing darker than other grasses. The Yao Xing Lun states: Ludou Lu acts as the sovereign herb. It treats upper body heat-toxin wind, generates malignant sores, skin and muscle itching, and urticaria. Chen Cangqi stated: Regarding Ludou Lu, southerners use the aerial parts, while northerners mostly use the roots. It grows like a tree resembling Cornus officinalis. The tree is two to three chi high, is toxic, kills parasites, and mountain dwellers use it to wash sores and scabies. Ri Huazi stated: Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) serves as an assistant. It treats childhood severe fever, unblocks the Small Intestine, resolves seminal emission, hematuria, wind-red eyes, mastitis, carbuncles, scrofula, intestinal wind, expels pus, and nourishes blood. It treats traumatic injuries, knits bones and tendons, applies to open wounds, stops bleeding, promotes flesh growth, and unblocks meridians. Flowers and aerial parts are used together. Commonly called Gui You Ma (Ghost Sesame). Its shape and taste resemble dried Arctii Fructus, with white flower heads.
Tu Jing stated: Ludou Lu grows in the valleys of Qiao Mountain. It is now found in Jiangdong commanderies as well as Qinzhou and Haizhou. Old texts state stems and leaves resemble Bai Hao, have pods, yellow flowers at pod tips, stems chopstick-thick, seed capsules resembling small sesame pods. After July/August, they turn black, distinct from common grasses. Among current illustrations, only Danzhou's resembles this description closely. Yizhou's flowers and leaves somewhat resemble Peony. Qinzhou's flowers resemble single-petal cold chrysanthemum, purple, with five to seven branches on one stalk. Haizhou's flowers are purple-green, like single-petal lotus, with white down wrapping below the calyx and around the root. Roots are black like turnips but thinner, resembling green onion bases; people in Huaidian call it Laoweng Hua (Old Man Flower). Although flowers differ among these three regions, leaves are quite similar, except Qinzhou and Haizhou leaves have serrated edges. Such diversity in one species confuses physicians. Following old traditions, Danzhou origin is preferred. Harvest stems and leaves in June/July, sun-dry; harvest roots in August, shade-dry. Southerners use aerial parts; northerners use roots. Additionally, under the entry for Feilian (Cardui Heterophylli Caulis et Folium): Grows in Henei marshes, also named Ludou Lu. Resembles Ku (pronounced 'wu lao'). Leaves have raised skin along the stem resembling arrow feathers, often notched. Flowers are purple, grow in plains. Another variety grows on hills, leaves similar but without notches, hairy, stems lack feathers. Roots grow straight down with lateral branches, flesh white, skin black, with black veins inside. Sun-dried, it turns black like Scrophulariae Radix. The Classic states: Harvest flowers in July/August, dry in shade. Su Gong stated: Using stems and leaves to treat malnutrition ulcers and kill parasites is effective. Based on this, the flowers, leaves, and roots described here are quite similar to those called Ludou Lu in Qinzhou and Haizhou. However, locals there simply call them Ludou Lu, while modern physicians rarely use Feilian. Since identification is uncertain, no further distinction is made; this explanation is attached below.
Lei Gong stated: When using, do not use Du Lou, as it resembles Ludou Lu but tastes bitter and sour. Accidental ingestion causes incessant vomiting; careful verification is required. To prepare Ludou Lu: finely slice, steam with raw Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) from Si hour to Shen hour, remove Gancao, and use the purified herb. Shenghui Fang: Treats pediatric wu-gu malnutrition (gu syndrome), abdominal distension, intermittent dysentery, and imbalance of cold and heat. Take one liang of Ludou Lu, pound into powder. For each dose, mix one qianbi of powder with one liang of pig liver, add a little salt, cook thoroughly in water, and take on an empty stomach. Waitai Miyao: Treats roundworms. Pound Ludou Lu, mix with dough to form a square-inch pill, and administer.