寒，有毒。止渴，除烦热，多食令人阴下湿痒生疮，动宿冷病，发虚热，破腹。又令
人 弱，脚手无力。少食即止渴，利小便，通三焦间拥塞气，兼主口鼻疮。
臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶无毒。
叶 治人无发，捣汁涂之，即生。
图经文具瓜蒂条下。
陈藏器序云∶甘瓜子，止月经太过，为末去油，水调服。千金方∶治口臭。杵干甜瓜子
作
末，蜜和丸，每旦洗净漱，含一丸如枣核大。亦用敷齿。孙真人食忌∶患香港脚人勿食甜瓜，
其患永
沉水者杀人。又，多食发黄胆病，动冷疾，令人虚羸，解药力。两蒂者杀
热，去烦渴。甜瓜去皮，食
后吃之，煮皮作羹亦佳。
衍义曰∶甜瓜，暑月服之，永不中暑气，多食未有不下利者。贫下多食，至深秋作痢为
难治
，为其消损阳气故也。亦可以如白甜瓜煎渍收。
味苦，平，小毒。主小儿闪癖，一岁服一叶以上，斟酌与之。生挪绞汁服，得吐下
。根捣敷胡刺毒肿。其实味甘，寒，有毒。不可多食，动寒热，多疟病，积瘀热，发疰气，
令人虚热，上逆少气，发百病及疮疥，损阴血脉气，发香港脚。天行后不可食，小儿切忌，滑
中，生疳虫。不与醋同餐。北人亦呼为黄瓜，为石勒讳，因而不改。以上二种（新补） 见
《千金方》及孟诜、陈藏器、日华子。
图经文具瓜蒂条下。
千金∶髓水病肚胀至四肢肿。胡瓜一个破作两片，不出子，以醋煮一半，水煮一半俱烂，
空
（甜瓜）性寒，有毒。能止渴，消除烦热，但多食会导致阴部潮湿瘙痒并生疮，引发旧有的寒性疾病，产生虚热，损伤腹部。还会使人身体虚弱，手脚无力。少量食用则能止渴，通利小便，疏通三焦之间的壅滞之气，同时主治口鼻部的疮疡。
叶：治疗人无头发的问题，捣取汁液涂抹，头发即可再生。
《图经本草》的详细内容在“瓜蒂”条目下记载。
陈藏器序言中说：甘瓜子，能制止月经量过多，研成粉末去油，用水调服。《千金方》：治疗口臭。将干燥的甜瓜子捣成粉末，用蜂蜜调和制成丸药，每天早晨洗净漱口后，含服如枣核大小的一丸。也可以用来敷齿。孙思邈《食忌》：患脚气病的人不要食用甜瓜，否则病情会永远沉伏难愈；沉入水中的甜瓜（指坏瓜或特定品种，此处语境似指不可食者）甚至可能致人死亡。另外，多食甜瓜会导致发黄、胆病，引发冷疾，使人消瘦虚弱，解药力。两个蒂相连的甜瓜能清热，去除烦渴。甜瓜去皮，饭后食用，煮瓜皮做羹汤也很好。
《衍义》说：甜瓜，在暑天服用它，永远不会中暑气，但多食没有不导致腹泻的。贫苦百姓多食，到了深秋就会患上痢疾且难以治疗，这是因为它损耗阳气的缘故。也可以像白甜瓜那样煎煮浸泡收藏。
（胡瓜叶）味苦，平，有小毒。主治小儿闪癖（一种儿科疾病），一岁的儿童服用一片以上，酌情给予。新鲜胡瓜绞汁服用，会引起呕吐和腹泻。根捣碎外敷治疗胡刺引起的毒肿。其实（胡瓜果实）味甘，寒，有毒。不可多食，会引发寒热往来，多患疟疾，积聚瘀热，引发注气（一种传染病），使人产生虚热，气逆少气，诱发各种疾病及疮疥，损伤阴血脉气，引发脚气病。瘟疫流行后不可食用，小儿尤其切忌，因其滑肠，易生疳虫。不与醋同餐。北方人也称它为黄瓜，因为避石勒的名讳，所以沿用不改。以上两种（新补充的内容）见于《千金方》以及孟诜、陈藏器、日华子的著作。
《图经本草》的详细内容在“瓜蒂”条目下记载。
(Sweet Melon) is cold in nature and toxic. It can quench thirst and eliminate irritability and heat, but excessive consumption causes dampness, itching, and sores in the genital area, triggers latent cold diseases, generates deficiency-heat, and damages the abdomen. It also causes weakness of the body and lack of strength in the hands and feet. Consuming it in small amounts quenches thirst, promotes urination, unblocks stagnant Qi in the San Jiao (Triple Burner), and primarily treats sores in the mouth and nose.
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note: Ri Hua Zi states: Non-toxic.
Leaves: Treat alopecia; crush and apply the juice to stimulate hair growth.
The detailed content of *Tujing Bencao* (Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica) is recorded under the entry for "Gua Di" (Melon Stalk).
Chen Cangqi's preface states: Gan Gua Zi (Sweet Melon Seeds) stop excessive menstruation; grind into powder, remove oil, and take with water. *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold): Treats halitosis. Grind dried sweet melon seeds into powder, mix with honey to form pills, swallow one pill the size of a jujube pit every morning after rinsing the mouth. It can also be applied to the teeth. Sun Simiao's *Dietary Taboos*: Patients with Hong Kong Foot (Jiaoxie/foot rot) should not eat sweet melons, as the condition will become chronic and incurable; melons that sink in water are lethal. Furthermore, excessive consumption causes yellowing and gallbladder disease, triggers cold ailments, leads to emaciation, and counteracts medicinal efficacy. Sweet melons with two stalks clear heat and relieve irritability and thirst. Peel the sweet melon and eat it after meals; cooking the peel into soup is also excellent.
*Yanyi* states: Sweet melon, when taken during summer months, prevents heatstroke, but excessive consumption invariably causes diarrhea. Poor people who consume it excessively may develop dysentery by late autumn, which is difficult to treat, because it depletes Yang Qi. It can also be preserved by decocting and soaking like white sweet melons.
(Bitter Melon / Cucumber Leaves) Taste bitter, nature neutral, slightly toxic. Primarily treats pediatric Shan Pi (a pediatric disorder involving stagnation or hernia). For one-year-old children, administer more than one leaf, adjusting the dosage appropriately. Fresh cucumber juice induces vomiting and purgation when ingested. Crushed roots applied externally treat toxic swelling caused by thorn pricks. The fruit tastes sweet, is cold in nature, and is toxic. Do not consume excessively, as it triggers alternating chills and fever, increases susceptibility to malaria, accumulates stasis-heat, induces Zhu Qi (infectious wasting disease), causes deficiency-heat, qi rebellion with shortness of breath, triggers various diseases including sores and scabies, damages Yin blood vessels and Qi, and induces Jiaoxie (foot rot). Do not consume after epidemic fevers; strictly forbidden for children, as it slips the intestines and generates Ganchong (pediatric malnutrition parasites). Do not consume with vinegar. Northerners also call it Huanggua (Cucumber); due to the taboo against the name of Shi Le, the name was retained unchanged. The above two types (newly supplemented) are found in *Qianjin Fang*, Meng Shen, Chen Cangqi, and Ri Hua Zi.
The detailed content of *Tujing Bencao* is recorded under the entry for "Gua Di".
*Qianjin Fang*: Treats Sui Shui Bing (Marrow Water Disease) causing abdominal distension extending to limb edema. Take one cucumber, split into two halves, remove seeds, boil half in vinegar and half in water until soft, consume on an empty stomach...