\r白瓜子\pd522.bmp\r
味甘，平、寒，无毒。主令人悦泽，好颜色，益气不饥。久服轻身耐老。主除烦满
不乐，久服寒中。可用面脂，令面悦泽。一名水芝，一名白爪（侧绞切）子。生嵩高平泽。
冬
唐本注云∶《经》云冬瓜仁也，八月采之。以下为冬瓜仁说，非谓冬瓜别名。据《经》
及下
条瓜蒂，并生嵩高平泽，此即一物，但以甘字似白字，后人误以为白也。若其不是甘瓜，何
因一名白瓜？此即甘瓜不惑。且朱书论白瓜之效，墨书说冬瓜之功，功异条同，陶为深误。
按《广雅》∶冬瓜一名地芝，与甘瓜全别，墨书宜附冬瓜科下。瓜蒂与甘瓜共条。《别录
》云∶甘瓜子，主腹内结聚，破溃脓血，最为肠胃脾内壅要药。本草以为冬瓜，但用蒂，不
云
俗人或用冬瓜子也。又按本草云∶瓜子或云甘瓜子，今此本误作
白字，当改从甘也。今按∶此即冬瓜子也。唐注称是甘瓜子。谓甘字似白字，后人误以为白。
且《本经》云∶主令人悦泽。《别录》云∶可作面脂，令人悦泽。
仁，不见用甘瓜子，按此即
是冬瓜子明矣。故陶于后条注中云∶取
核水洗，燥乃檑取仁用之。且此物与甘瓜全别。其甘瓜有青、白二种，子色皆黄，主疗与白
瓜
经霜亦有白衣，其中子白，白瓜子之号，因斯而得。况陶居以《别
录》白冬瓜附于白瓜子之下，白瓜子更不加注，足明一物而不能显辨尔。《别录》瓜字，侧
绞切，今以读作瓜字。唐注谬误，都不可凭。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注∶苏云是甘瓜子也。《
图经》云∶别有胡瓜，黄赤，无味。今据此两说，俱不可凭矣。《本经》云∶冬瓜仁也。苏
注
者。且甘瓜自有青、白二种，只合云白甘瓜也。今据《本经》云
∶白瓜子即冬瓜仁无疑也。按∶冬瓜虽色青，而其中子甚白，谓如白瓜子者，犹如虫部有白
龙骨焉，人但看骨之白而不知龙之色也。若以甘瓜子为之，则甘瓜青、白二种，其子并黄色，
冬瓜仁，信苏注为妄，《图经》难凭矣！孟诜云∶取冬瓜仁七升
，以绢袋盛之，投三沸汤中，须臾出曝干，如此三度止。又，与清苦酒渍，经一宿，曝干为
末
悦，明目，延年不老。又，取子三、五升，退去皮，捣为丸。空
腹服三十丸，令人白净如玉。日华子云∶冬瓜仁，去皮肤风剥，黑 ，润肌肤。
图经曰∶白瓜子，即冬瓜仁也。生嵩高平泽，今处处有之，皆园圃所莳。其实生苗蔓下，
大
者如斗而更长，皮浓而有毛，初生正青绿，经霜则白如涂粉。其中肉及子亦白，故谓之白瓜
仁
入药须霜后合取，置之经年，破出核洗，燥乃擂取仁用之。亦堪
单作服饵。又有末作汤饮，又作面药，并令人颜色光泽。宗懔《荆楚岁时记》云∶七月采瓜
犀，以为面脂。犀，瓣也。瓤亦堪作澡豆。其肉主三消渴疾，解积热，利大小肠，压丹石毒
。《广雅》一名地芝是也。皮可作丸服，亦入面脂中，功用与上等。
外台秘要∶补肝散∶治男子五劳七伤，明目。白瓜子七升，绢袋盛，绞沸汤中，三遍讫，
以
酢五升，渍一宿，曝干，捣下筛，酒服方寸匕，日三，久服瘥。孙真人∶治多年损伤不瘥。
衍义曰∶白瓜子实，冬瓜仁也，服食中亦稀用。
味甘，性平、寒，无毒。主要功效是使人面色红润光泽，改善气色，补益元气且能抑制饥饿感。长期服用可使身体轻盈并延缓衰老。主治心烦胸满、情绪不乐，但长期服用会导致中焦虚寒。可用于制作面部护肤品，使面部红润光泽。又名水芝，又名白爪（音同“侧绞”）子。产于嵩高山和平原沼泽地带。
冬季
唐代《新修本草》注解说：《神农本草经》称其为冬瓜仁，八月采收。以下关于冬瓜仁的论述，并非指冬瓜的别名。根据《神农本草经》及下条瓜蒂的记载，都生长在嵩高山和平原沼泽地带，这其实是同一种植物，只是因为“甘”字字形似“白”字，后人误认为是“白”。如果不是甘瓜，为什么又有一个名字叫白瓜呢？这就明确了是甘瓜而非其他。况且朱笔书写的是论述白瓜的功效，墨笔书写的是说明冬瓜的作用，功效不同但条目相同，陶弘景对此理解有误。
按照《广雅》记载：冬瓜又名地芝，与甘瓜完全不同，墨笔书写的部分应该附在冬瓜科之下。瓜蒂与甘瓜在同一条目中。《名医别录》说：甘瓜子，主治腹内结聚，破溃脓血，是治疗肠胃脾脏内部壅滞的要药。本草著作将其视为冬瓜，但只使用瓜蒂，没有提到俗人有时也使用冬瓜子。另外按本草记载：瓜子有的说是甘瓜子，现在这个版本错误地写成了“白”字，应当改正为“甘”。现在考察：这就是冬瓜子。唐代注解说这是甘瓜子，认为“甘”字像“白”字，后人误以为是“白”。而且《本经》说：主要功效是使人面色润泽。《别录》说：可制作面脂，使人面色润泽。未见使用甘瓜子的记载，据此可以明确这就是冬瓜子。所以陶弘景在后一条目的注释中说：取瓜核用水清洗，干燥后捣取仁使用。况且此物与甘瓜完全不同。甘瓜有青、白两种，种子颜色都是黄色的，其主治功效与白瓜不同。白瓜经霜后也有白色外皮，其中的种子是白色的，白瓜子的名称因此得来。何况陶弘景将《别录》中的白冬瓜附在白瓜子之下，对白瓜子不再加注，足以证明这是同一物而不能明显辨别。《别录》中的“瓜”字，读音同“侧绞切”，现在读作“瓜”字。唐代的注解谬误，完全不可凭信。臣禹锡等人谨慎按语：蜀地版本的注解说：苏恭说是甘瓜子。《图经》说：另有胡瓜，黄红色，无味。现在依据这两种说法，都不可凭信。《本经》说：是冬瓜仁。苏恭的注解是错误的。况且甘瓜自有青、白两种，只应称为白甘瓜。现在根据《本经》说：白瓜子就是冬瓜仁，毫无疑问。按：冬瓜虽然皮色青，但其中的种子很白，就像虫部中有白龙骨一样，人们只看骨头的白色而不知道龙的颜色。如果用甘瓜子代替，那么甘瓜的青、白两种，其种子都是黄色的，冬瓜仁确实证明苏恭的注解是荒谬的，《图经》难以凭信！孟诜说：取冬瓜子七升，用绢袋盛装，投入三沸的汤中，片刻后取出晒干，如此三次为止。另外，用清苦酒浸泡，经过一夜，晒干研成粉末，令人面色悦泽，明目，延年不老。另外，取子三、五升，退去皮，捣成丸剂。空腹服用三十丸，使人皮肤白净如玉。日华子说：冬瓜仁，去除皮肤风邪引起的剥落脱屑，滋润肌肤。
《图经》说：白瓜子，就是冬瓜仁。产于嵩高山和平原沼泽地带，现在到处都有，都是园圃种植。果实生在藤蔓下，大的如斗且更长，皮厚且有毛，初生时正青绿色，经霜后白如涂粉。其中的肉和种子也是白色的，所以称为白瓜子。入药必须霜后采收，放置经过一年，破开取出核清洗，干燥后捣取仁使用。也可以单独作为服食之物。又有磨成末做汤饮，又做面部药物，都能使人面色光泽。宗懔《荆楚岁时记》说：七月采集瓜瓤，用来制作面脂。犀，指瓣。瓜瓤也可以制作澡豆。其肉主治三消渴疾，解除积热，通利大小肠，压制丹石毒。《广雅》称其为地芝。皮可以制作丸剂服用，也可以加入面脂中，功用与上等药材相同。
《外台秘要》：补肝散：治疗男子五劳七伤，明目。白瓜子七升，用绢袋盛装，在沸水中绞洗，三遍结束后，用醋五升，浸泡一夜，晒干，捣碎过筛，用酒送服一方寸匕，每日三次，长期服用痊愈。孙真人：治疗多年损伤不愈。
Bai Guazi (White Melon Seeds)
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Neutral, Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Main indications: Promotes a lustrous and radiant complexion, improves facial color, tonifies Qi, and suppresses hunger. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Indicated for irritability, chest fullness, and melancholy; however, long-term use may cause coldness in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner). Can be used to make facial cosmetics to promote a radiant complexion. Also known as Shui Zhi (Water Lotus Seed), also known as Bai Zhua Zi (White Claw Seed, pronounced "ce jiao"). Grows in the plains and marshes of Songgao Mountain.
Winter
The Tang Dynasty commentary states: The Classic says it is Dong Gua Ren (Winter Melon Seed), harvested in August. The following discussion on Dong Gua Ren does not refer to an alias of Winter Melon. According to the Classic and the entry for Gua Di (Melon Stalk), both grow in the plains and marshes of Songgao Mountain; this is actually one substance. However, because the character Gan (Sweet) resembles Bai (White), later people mistakenly identified it as Bai. If it were not Gan Gua (Sweet Melon), why would it have another name Bai Gua? This clarifies it is Gan Gua without doubt. Moreover, the red ink discusses the effects of Bai Gua, while the black ink describes the merits of Dong Gua. The effects differ but the entries are identical; Tao Hongjing's interpretation is deeply erroneous.
According to Guang Ya: Dong Gua is also called Di Zhi (Earth Lotus), which is completely different from Gan Gua. The black ink section should be attached under the Dong Gua category. Gua Di and Gan Gua share the same entry. Bie Lu states: Gan Gua Zi (Sweet Melon Seed) treats intra-abdominal accumulations, breaks down and discharges pus and blood, and is a crucial medicine for gastrointestinal and splenic internal stagnation. The Ben Cao considers it Dong Gua, but only uses the stalk, not mentioning that commoners sometimes use Dong Gua seeds. Furthermore, according to Ben Cao: Gua Zi is sometimes said to be Gan Gua Zi. In this edition, it is erroneously written as Bai (White); it should be corrected to Gan (Sweet). Current examination shows: This is indeed Dong Gua Ren (Winter Melon Seed). The Tang commentary calls it Gan Gua Zi, stating that the character Gan resembles Bai, leading to later confusion. Additionally, Ben Jing states: It mainly makes people lustrous. Bie Lu states: It can be made into facial grease to make people lustrous. There is no record of using Gan Gua Zi; based on this, it is clearly Dong Gua Zi. Therefore, Tao commented in the subsequent entry note: Take the seeds, wash with water, dry them, then pound to extract the kernels. Moreover, this substance is completely different from Gan Gua. Gan Gua has green and white varieties, and its seeds are all yellow. Its therapeutic effects differ from Bai Gua. Bai Gua develops a white coating after frost; its inner seeds are white, hence the name Bai Guazi. Furthermore, Tao appended Bai Dong Gua from Bie Lu under Bai Guazi without further annotation, sufficiently proving they are the same substance but unable to be clearly distinguished. The character Gua in Bie Lu is pronounced "ce jiao qie", now read as "Gua". The Tang commentary is erroneous and unreliable. Ministers Yuxi et al. carefully note: The Shu edition commentary states: Su Gong says it is Gan Gua Zi. Tu Jing states: There is another Hu Gua (Barbarian Melon), yellow-red, tasteless. Based on these two statements, neither is reliable. Ben Jing states: It is Dong Gua Ren. Su's commentary is false. Moreover, Gan Gua naturally has green and white varieties; it should only be called Bai Gan Gua. Now, according to Ben Jing: Bai Guazi is undoubtedly Dong Gua Ren. Note: Although Dong Gua is green in color, its inner seeds are very white. Just as there is Bai Long Gu (White Dragon Bone) in the insect category, people see the whiteness of the bone but do not know the color of the dragon. If Gan Gua Zi were used instead, since Gan Gua's green and white varieties both have yellow seeds, Dong Gua Ren proves Su's commentary is absurd, and Tu Jing is difficult to rely upon! Meng Shen states: Take seven sheng of Dong Gua Ren, place in a silk bag, immerse in boiling water for a moment, take out and dry. Repeat this three times. Alternatively, soak in clear bitter vinegar overnight, dry, and grind into powder. This promotes a lustrous complexion, brightens the eyes, and extends life. Alternatively, take three to five sheng of seeds, remove the skin, pound into pills. Take thirty pills on an empty stomach, making the skin white and pure like jade. Ri Hua Zi states: Dong Gua Ren removes wind-induced peeling of the skin and moisturizes the skin.
Tu Jing states: Bai Guazi is Dong Gua Ren. It grows in the plains and marshes of Songgao Mountain and is now found everywhere, cultivated in gardens. The fruit grows under the vines, large ones as big as a dou and longer, with thick, hairy skin. Initially bright green, it turns white as if powdered after frost. The flesh and seeds inside are also white, hence called Bai Guazi. For medicinal use, harvest after frost, store for a year, break open to extract seeds, wash, dry, and pound to obtain the kernels. It can also be used alone for dietary therapy. It can be ground into powder for decoctions or facial preparations, all promoting a lustrous complexion. Zong Lin's Jing Chu Sui Shi Ji states: Harvest melon pulp in the seventh month to make facial grease. Xi refers to the segments. The pulp can also be made into bath beans. The flesh treats San Xiao Ke Ji (Three Wasting-Thirst diseases), resolves accumulated heat, benefits the Large and Small Intestines, and suppresses Dan Shi Du (Mineral pill toxicity). Guang Ya calls it Di Zhi. The peel can be made into pills or added to facial grease, with efficacy equal to superior herbs.
Waitai Miyao: Bu Gan San (Liver Tonifying Powder): Treats Wu Lao Qi Shang (Five Exhaustions and Seven Injuries) in men, brightens the eyes. Bai Guazi seven sheng, placed in a silk bag, wrung in boiling water three times, then soaked in five sheng of vinegar overnight, dried, pounded, and sifted. Take one fang cun bi (square-inch spoonful) with wine, three times daily. Long-term consumption leads to recovery. Sun Simiao: Treats chronic injuries that do not heal.
Yanyi states: Bai Guazi Shi (Bai Guazi Fruit) is Dong Gua Ren, rarely used in dietary therapy.