\r磁石\pd33.bmp\r
味辛、咸，寒，无毒。主周痹。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶凡痹，随血脉上下，不能
左
右去者，为周痹。风湿，肢节中痛，不可持物，洗洗酸 ，除大热，烦满及耳聋，养肾脏，
强
骨气，益精，除烦，通关节，消痈肿，鼠 ，颈核，喉痛，小儿惊痫。炼水饮之，亦令人有
子。一名玄石，一名处石。生泰山川谷及慈山山阴，有铁处则生其阳。采无时。（柴胡为之
使，杀铁毒，恶牡丹、莽草，畏黄石脂。）
陶隐居云∶今南方亦有，好者能悬吸针，虚连三、四为佳。杀铁毒，消金。《仙经》、《丹
方》、《黄白术》中多用之。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶吸铁虚连十数针，乃至一、二斤刀
器
，回转不落。南州异物志云∶涨海崎头水浅而多磁石，外徼人乘舶皆以铁叶锢之，至此关，
以磁石不得过。吴氏云∶磁石一名磁君。药性论云∶磁石，臣，味咸，有小毒。能补男子肾
虚，风虚，身强，腰中不利，加而用之。陈藏器云∶磁石毛，味咸，温，无毒。主补绝伤，
益阳道，止小便白数，治腰脚，去疮 ，长肌肤，令人有子，宜入酒。出相州北山。磁石毛
，铁之母也。取铁如母之招子焉。《本经》有磁石，不言毛。毛、石功状殊也。又言磁石寒
，此弥误也。日华子云∶磁石，味甘、涩，平。治眼昏，筋骨羸弱，补五劳七伤，除烦躁，
消肿毒，小儿误吞针铁等。即细末，筋肉莫令断，与磁石同下之。
图经曰∶磁石，生泰山山谷及磁山山阴，有铁处则生其阳。今磁州、徐州及南海旁山中，
皆
有
之。磁州者岁贡最佳，能吸铁虚连十数针，或一、二斤刀器回转不落者尤真。采无时。其石
中有孔，孔中黄赤色，其上有细毛，性温，功用更胜。谨按《南州异物志》云∶涨海崎头
水
浅而多磁石，徼外大舟以铁叶锢之者，至此多不得过。以此言之，海南所出尤多也。按磁
石
一名玄石，而此下自有玄石条，云生泰山之阳，山阴有铜，铜者雌，铁者雄。主疗颇亦相近
，而寒温铜铁畏恶乃别。苏恭以为铁液也。是磁石中无孔，光泽纯黑者，其功劣于磁石，又
不能悬针。今北蕃以磁石作礼物，其块多光泽，又吸针无力，疑是此石，医方罕用。
雷公云∶凡使，勿误用玄中石并中麻石。此石之二真相似磁石，只是吸铁不得。中麻石
心有
，皮粗，是铁山石也。误服之，令人有恶疮不可疗。夫欲验者，一斤磁石，四面只吸铁一斤
者，此名延年沙；四面只吸得铁八两者，号曰续采石；四面只吸得五两以来者，号曰磁石。
若
夫修事一斤，用五花皮一镒，地榆一镒，故绵十五两，三件并细锉，以槌于石上，碎作二、
三十块了。将磁石于瓷瓶子中，下草药，以东流水煮三日夜，然后漉出拭干，以布裹之，向
大石上再槌，令细了，却人乳钵中研细如尘，以水沉飞过了，又研如粉用之。圣惠方∶治小
儿误吞针。用磁石如枣核大，磨令光，钻作窍，丝穿，令含，针自出。外台秘要∶疗疔肿。
取磁石捣为粉，酽醋和，封之，根即立出，瘥。钱相公箧中方疗误吞钱。以磁石枣许大一块
，含之立出。鬼遗方∶治金疮肠出欲入之。磁石、滑石各三两为末，以白米饮调方寸匕服，
日再服。沈存中笔谈∶磁石指南。丹房镜源∶磁石四两，协物上者，伏丹砂，养汞，去铜晕
，软硬汞坚顽之物。服食不可长久，多服必有大患。青霞子∶磁石毛，治肾之疾。
衍义曰∶磁石，色轻紫，石上皲涩，可吸连针铁，俗谓之 铁石。养益肾气，补填精髓，
肾虚
耳聋目昏皆用之。入药，须烧赤醋淬。其玄石，即磁石之黑色者也，多滑净。其治体大同小
异，不可不分而为二也。磨针锋则能指南，然常偏东不全南也。其法取新纩中独缕，以半芥
子许蜡，缀于针腰，无风处垂之，则针常指南。以针横贯灯心，浮水上，亦指南，然常偏丙
位。盖丙为大火，庚辛金受金其制，故如是，物理相感尔。
磁石
味辛、咸，性寒，无毒。主治周痹（风湿之邪随血脉上下流注，导致全身关节疼痛的病症）。臣禹锡等人依照蜀本注释说：凡是痹证，随着血脉上下流动，不能左右移动去除的，称为周痹。能治疗风湿引起的肢节疼痛、无法持物、畏寒酸楚感，清除大热、烦闷胀满以及耳聋，滋养肾脏，强健骨骼气息，补益精气，消除烦躁，疏通关节，消散痈肿，治疗鼠瘰（淋巴结结核）、颈部肿块、咽喉痛，以及小儿惊风抽搐。将炼过的磁石用水冲服，也能帮助不孕者生育。又名玄石，又名处石。产于泰山山谷及慈山的山北阴面，有铁矿的地方就在其向阳面生长。采集没有固定时间。（柴胡作为引经药，能解除铁毒，忌与牡丹、莽草同用，畏惧黄石脂。）
陶隐居说：现在南方也有，品质好的能悬挂并吸附针，虚连三、四枚为佳。能解铁毒，溶解黄金。《仙经》、《丹方》、《黄白术》中多用此药。臣禹锡等人依照蜀本注释说：吸附铁器虚连十数根针，甚至一两斤刀剑器具，旋转而不掉落。《南州异物志》说：涨海崎头水浅且多磁石，境外之人乘船都用铁叶包裹船底，到了这个关卡，因为磁石的吸引力而无法通过。吴氏说：磁石又名磁君。《药性论》说：磁石，属臣药，味咸，有小毒。能补男子肾虚、风虚，身体僵硬，腰部不利，加入方中使用。陈藏器说：磁石毛，味咸，性温，无毒。主治补续绝伤，增益阳气，止小便频数白色浑浊，治疗腰脚病，去除疮疡疤痕，促进肌肤生长，帮助生育，适宜泡酒服用。出自相州北山。磁石毛是铁的母亲，取铁就像母亲召唤子女一样。《本经》只有磁石，没说毛。毛和石的功用形状不同。又说磁石性寒，这更加错误了。日华子说：磁石，味甘、涩，性平。治疗眼昏花，筋骨瘦弱，补五劳七伤，消除烦躁，消肿毒，小儿误吞针铁等。将其研成细末，肌肉筋脉不要弄断，与磁石一起吞下排出。
《图经》说：磁石，产于泰山山谷及磁山山北阴面，有铁矿的地方就在其向阳面生长。现在的磁州、徐州及南海旁边的山中都有。磁州的每年进贡的最佳，能吸附铁器虚连十数根针，或一两斤刀剑器具旋转不掉的尤其真品。采集没有固定时间。石头中有孔，孔中呈黄赤色，上面有细毛，性温，功效更好。谨按《南州异物志》说：涨海崎头水浅且多磁石，境外大船用铁叶包裹的，到了这里大多无法通过。由此说来，海南出产的尤其多。按磁石又名玄石，而此处下面自有玄石条目，说产于泰山之阳，山阴有铜，铜为雌，铁为雄。主要疗效颇为相近，但寒温属性及铜铁的畏恶关系却不同。苏恭认为它是铁液凝结而成。这种磁石中没有孔，光泽纯黑的，功效劣于普通磁石，又不能悬挂针。现在北方蕃人以磁石作礼物，其块状多有光泽，又吸针无力，怀疑是这种石头，医方很少使用。
雷公说：凡是用药，不要误用玄中石和中麻石。这两种石头很像磁石，只是不能吸铁。中麻石心有空隙，皮粗糙，是铁山石。误服它，会让人生治不好的恶疮。如果要验证，一斤磁石，四面只吸铁一斤的，名叫延年沙；四面只吸得铁八两的，叫续采石；四面只吸得五两以下的，叫磁石。如果加工一斤，用五花皮一镒，地榆一镒，旧绵十五两，三件都切碎，在石上捶打，碎成二三十块。将磁石放入瓷瓶中，下面放草药，用东流水煮三天三夜，然后捞出擦干，用布包裹，对着大石再捶打，使其变细，再放入人乳钵中研磨如尘，用水沉淀飞罗过，再研磨如粉使用。《圣惠方》：治疗小儿误吞针。用如枣核大的磁石，磨光，钻个孔，穿丝线，让患儿含着，针自然出来。《外台秘要》：治疗疔肿。取磁石捣为粉，用浓醋调和，封贴患处，根部立即长出，痊愈。钱相公箧中方治疗误吞钱币。用如枣核大的一块磁石，含着立即吐出。《鬼遗方》：治疗金疮肠出欲入腹。磁石、滑石各三两研末，用白米饮调服一方寸匕，每日两次。沈存中《笔谈》：磁石指南。《丹房镜源》：磁石四两，配合药物可伏制丹砂，养护汞，去除铜晕，使软硬的汞变得坚硬顽固。服食不可长久，多服必有大患。青霞子：磁石毛，治疗肾脏疾病。
《衍义》说：磁石，颜色轻紫，石面皲裂粗糙，可吸附连接针铁，俗称为 铁石。滋养肾气，补填精髓，肾虚耳聋目昏都用它。入药，必须烧红后醋淬。那种玄石，就是磁石中黑色的，多光滑洁净。其治疗体大同小异，不可不分而为二。磨尖针锋就能指南，但常偏东不全向南。其方法是取新棉中的单缕，用半粒芥子大小的蜡，缀在针腰，在无风处垂挂，则针常指南。以针横贯灯心草，浮在水上，也指南，但常偏丙位。因为丙为大火，庚辛金受金之制约，所以如此，这是物理相互感应罢了。
Magnetite (Cishi)
Taste: Acrid, Salty; Nature: Cold; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Primarily treats Zhou Bi (Zhou Bi syndrome, a type of bi-syndrome where wind-dampness pathogens flow up and down along the vessels causing pain throughout the body). Minister Yuxi et al., according to the Shu edition annotation, state: Any bi-syndrome that follows the blood vessels moving up and down, unable to be expelled left or right, is called Zhou Bi. It treats pain in limbs and joints caused by wind-dampness, inability to hold objects, sensation of cold and soreness, clears excessive heat, relieves irritability and fullness, treats deafness, nourishes the Kidney organ, strengthens bone qi, benefits essence, eliminates irritability, unblocks joint passages, dissipates carbuncles and swellings, treats shu luo (scrofula/lymph node tuberculosis), neck masses, sore throat, and pediatric convulsions. Drinking refined magnetite water can also facilitate conception for the infertile. Also known as Xuan Shi (Black Stone) or Chu Shi (Place Stone). Grows in the valleys of Mount Tai and on the shady north side of Ci Mountain; it grows on the sunny side where iron deposits exist. Collection time is unrestricted. (Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) acts as an assistant drug; it neutralizes iron toxicity; contraindicated with Mudan Pi (Moutan Cortex) and Mang Cao (Aconitum carmichaelii root processed); fears Huang Shi Zhi (Yellow Earth Lip)).
Tao Hongjing states: It is also found in the south now. The best quality can suspend and attract needles; suspending three or four needles is ideal. It neutralizes iron toxicity and dissolves gold. It is frequently used in *Xian Jing* (Immortal Classics), *Dan Fang* (Alchemy Prescriptions), and *Huang Bai Shu* (Alchemical Techniques). Minister Yuxi et al., according to the Shu edition annotation, say: Attracting ten or more needles loosely, or even one or two jin of knives and utensils, rotating without falling off, demonstrates high quality. *Nan Zhou Yi Wu Zhi* (Records of Strange Things from the Southern Regions) says: In Zhanghai Qitou, the water is shallow and rich in magnetite. Outsiders lining their boats with iron sheets cannot pass this checkpoint due to the magnetic attraction. Wu Shi says: Magnetite is also called Ci Jun (Magnetic Lord). *Yao Xing Lun* (Discussion on Drug Properties) states: Magnetite is a minister drug, salty taste, slightly toxic. It tonifies male kidney deficiency, wind-deficiency, stiff body, and lumbar dysfunction; add it to formulas for use. Chen Cangqi says: Ci Mao (Magnetite Hair/Fibrous Magnetite), salty taste, warm nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats healing of severed injuries, boosts yang pathways, stops frequent white urination, treats waist and foot conditions, removes scar tissue from sores, promotes skin growth, aids conception, and is suitable for wine infusion. Originates from North Mountain in Xiangzhou. Ci Mao is the mother of iron; extracting iron is like a mother calling her children. *Ben Jing* mentions only Magnetite, not Ci Mao. Their functions and forms differ significantly. Furthermore, stating Magnetite is cold is erroneous. Ri Huazi says: Magnetite, sweet and astringent taste, neutral nature. Treats blurry vision, weak sinews and bones, tonifies five labors and seven injuries, eliminates irritability, reduces swelling and toxins, and helps expel swallowed needles or iron in children. Grind into fine powder; ensure muscles and sinews are not severed, swallow together with Magnetite to expel.
*TU JING* (Illustrated Classic) states: Magnetite grows in the valleys of Mount Tai and on the shady north side of Ci Mountain; it grows on the sunny side where iron exists. It is currently found in Cizhou, Xuzhou, and mountains near the South Sea. The annual tribute from Cizhou is the best; those that loosely attract ten or more needles, or one or two jin of knives/utensils rotating without falling, are particularly authentic. Collection time is unrestricted. Stones with holes have yellow-red interiors and fine hairs on top; these are warm in nature and more effective. According to *Nan Zhou Yi Wu Zhi*: In Zhanghai Qitou, shallow waters abound with magnetite; large foreign ships lined with iron sheets often cannot pass. Thus, southern seas produce abundant quantities. Note that Magnetite is also called Xuan Shi. Below, there is a separate entry for Xuan Shi, stating it grows on the sunny side of Mount Tai, while copper is on the shady side. Copper is yin (female), iron is yang (male). Therapeutic effects are similar, but cold/warm natures and interactions with copper/iron differ. Su Gong considers it solidified iron fluid. Magnetite without holes, pure black and glossy, has inferior efficacy compared to standard Magnetite and cannot suspend needles. Northern barbarians use such glossy stones as gifts; they lack strong attraction and are suspected to be this inferior stone, rarely used in medical prescriptions.
Lei Gong states: When using, do not mistake Xuan Zhong Shi or Zhong Ma Shi for Magnetite. These two resemble Magnetite but do not attract iron. Zhong Ma Shi has a hollow heart and rough skin; it is an iron mountain stone. Ingestion causes incurable malignant sores. To verify: One jin of Magnetite attracting one jin of iron from all sides is named Yan Nian Sha (Longevity Sand); attracting eight liang is Xu Cai Shi (Continuing Harvest Stone); attracting less than five liang is simply Ci Shi (Magnetite). For processing one jin: Use one yi of Wu Hua Pi (Five-Flower Bark), one yi of Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix), and fifteen liang of old cotton. Chop finely, pound on a stone into 20-30 pieces. Place Magnetite in a porcelain bottle, add herbs, boil in east-flowing water for three days and nights. Strain, dry, wrap in cloth, pound again against a large stone until fine. Grind in a mortar with human milk until dust-like. Suspend in water, decant the fine suspension, and grind into powder for use. *Sheng Hui Fang*: Treat pediatric swallowed needles. Use Magnetite the size of a jujube pit, polish smooth, drill a hole, thread with silk, let the child hold it in the mouth; the needle will emerge naturally. *Wai Tai Mi Yao*: Treat ding zhong (carbuncles/furuncles). Pound Magnetite into powder, mix with strong vinegar, apply as a poultice; the root will emerge immediately, curing the condition. Chancellor Qian’s Box Prescription for swallowed coins: Hold a jujube-sized piece of Magnetite in the mouth; the coin will be expelled immediately. *Gui Yi Fang*: Treat traumatic wounds with evisceration. Mix three liang each of Magnetite and Talcum Powder (Hua Shi), take one cun bi with rice water decoction, twice daily. Shen Kuo’s *Bi Tan*: Magnetite points south. *Dan Fang Jing Yuan*: Four liang of Magnetite, combined with other substances, can stabilize Cinnabar, nurture Mercury, remove copper turbidity, and harden soft/hard mercury. Long-term ingestion is inadvisable; excessive use causes severe harm. Qing Xia Zi: Ci Mao treats kidney diseases.
*YAN YI* states: Magnetite is light purple, cracked and rough on the surface, attracts and connects needles and iron, commonly called Tie Shi (Iron Stone). It nourishes Kidney Qi, fills essence and marrow, and is used for Kidney deficiency-induced deafness and blurry vision. For medicinal use, it must be heated red-hot and quenched in vinegar. Xuan Shi is the black variety of Magnetite, usually smooth and clean. Their therapeutic bodies are largely similar with minor differences; they should not be separated into two distinct categories. Sharpened needle tips point south but often deviate slightly eastward. The method: Take a single thread from new cotton batting, attach half a mustard seed-sized wax dot to the center of the needle, hang it in a windless place; the needle will consistently point south. Thread the needle through a rush pith and float it on water; it also points south but often deviates to the Bing position. This is because Bing represents Great Fire, and Geng/Xin Metal is controlled by Metal’s regulation, resulting in this phenomenon due to physical mutual induction.