\r茜根\pd116.bmp\r
味苦，寒。无毒。主寒湿风痹，黄胆，补中，止血，内崩，下血，膀胱不足， 跌，
蛊毒。久服益精气，轻身。可以染绛。一名地血，一名茹 ，一名茅搜，一名茜。生乔山川
谷。二月、三月采根，曝干。（畏鼠姑。）
陶隐居云∶此则今染绛茜草也。东间诸处乃有而少，不如西多。今俗道、经方不甚服用。
此
当以其为疗少而丰贱故也。《诗》云茹 在 者是。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶染绯草，
叶
似枣叶，头尖下阔，茎叶俱涩，四、五叶对生节间，蔓延草木上，根紫赤色。今所在有，八
月采根。尔雅云∶茹 ，茅搜。疏引陆机云∶一名地血，齐人谓之茜。徐州人谓之牛蔓。药
性论云∶茜根，味甘。主治六极伤心肺，吐血，泻血用之。陈藏器云∶茜根，主蛊，煮汁
服
之。今之染绯者，字亦作茜。《周礼·庶氏掌》除蛊毒，以嘉草攻之。嘉草、 荷与茜，主
蛊为最也。日华子云∶味 。止鼻洪，带下，产后血晕，乳结，月经不止，肠风，痔 ，
排脓，治疮疖，泄精，尿血，扑损，瘀血，酒煎服。杀蛊毒，入药锉、炒用。
图经曰∶茜根，一作茜。生乔山山谷，今近处皆有之。染绯草也。许慎《说文解字》以
为人
血
所生，叶似枣叶而头尖下阔，三、五对生节间，其苗蔓延草木上，根紫色。陆机《草木疏》
云∶茹 ，茅搜，茜草也。齐人谓之茜，徐州人谓之牛蔓。二月、三月采根，曝干。今圃人
或作畦种莳。故《货殖传》云∶卮茜千石，亦比千乘之家。言地利之浓也。医家用治蛊毒尤
胜。《周礼·庶氏掌》除蛊毒，以嘉草攻之。干宝以嘉草为 荷。陈藏器以为 荷与茜，
主蛊之最也。
雷公云∶凡使，勿用赤柳草根，真似茜根，只是味酸涩，不入药中用。若服，令人患内
障眼
，
速服甘草水解之，即毒瓦斯散。凡使茜根，用铜刀于槐砧上锉，日干，勿犯铁并铅。简要济众
∶
治吐血不定。茜草一两，生捣罗为散。每服二钱，水一中盏，煎至七分，放冷，食后服之良
。伤寒类要∶治心瘅烦心，心中热，茜根主之。又方∶治中蛊毒，或吐下血如烂肝。茜草根
、荷叶根各三两切，以水四升，煮取二升，去滓适寒温，顿服即愈。
味苦，性寒。无毒。主治寒湿引起的风痹（风寒湿邪阻滞经络导致的肢体疼痛麻木），黄疸，补益中气，止血，治疗内脏出血及下部出血，膀胱功能虚弱，跌打损伤，蛊毒。长期服用可增益精气，使身体轻健。可用于染成绛红色。又名地血，又名茹蒨，又名茅搜，又名茜。生长在乔山山谷中。二月、三月采集根部，晒干。（畏忌鼠姑。）
陶隐居说：这就是现在用来染绛红色的茜草。东部地区各地虽有但数量少，不如西部多。现在民间和经方中不常使用它。这大概是因为它的疗效较少且丰产廉价的原因吧。《诗经》中说“茹蒨在沼”指的就是这个。臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本图经记载：染绯草，叶子像枣叶，头尖下宽，茎叶都有涩感，四到五片叶子对生在节间，蔓延生长在草木之上，根部呈紫赤色。现在各地都有，八月采集根部。《尔雅》说：茹蒨，就是茅搜。疏引陆机说：又名地血，齐地人叫它茜。徐州人叫它牛蔓。《药性论》说：茜根，味甘。主治六极（极度虚损）导致的心肺受损，吐血，泻血时用之。陈藏器说：茜根，主治蛊毒，煮汁服用。现在用来染绯色的，字也写作茜。《周礼·庶氏掌》记载去除蛊毒，用嘉草来攻治。嘉草、荷与茜，是主治蛊毒最好的药物。日华子说：味酸。止鼻出血，带下病，产后血晕，乳汁郁结，月经不止，肠风，痔疮，排脓，治疗疮疖，泄精，尿血，跌打损伤，瘀血，酒煎服用。杀蛊毒，入药时锉碎、炒用。
《图经》说：茜根，一作茜。生长在乔山山谷，现在附近地方都有。是染绯草。许慎《说文解字》认为它是人血所生，叶子像枣叶而头尖下宽，三到五片叶子对生在节间，其苗蔓延在草木上，根部紫色。陆机《草木疏》说：茹蒨，茅搜，就是茜草。齐地人叫它茜，徐州人叫它牛蔓。二月、三月采集根部，晒干。现在园圃中人有时做畦种植。所以《货殖传》说：“卮茜千石，亦比千乘之家。”说的是地利丰厚。医家用它治疗蛊毒尤其胜过其他药物。《周礼·庶氏掌》记载去除蛊毒，用嘉草来攻治。干宝认为嘉草就是荷。陈藏器认为荷与茜，是主治蛊毒最好的药物。
雷公说：凡是使用茜根，不要用赤柳草根，真的像茜根，只是味道酸涩，不入药用。如果误服，会让人患内障眼病，速服甘草水解之，则毒瓦斯消散。凡是使用茜根，用铜刀在槐木砧板上锉碎，晒干，不要接触铁和铅。《简要济众》：治疗吐血不止。茜草一两，生捣罗为散。每次服用二钱，水一中盏，煎至七分，放冷，饭后服用效果好。《伤寒类要》：治疗心瘅烦心，心中热，茜根主治它。又一方：治疗中蛊毒，或吐下血如烂肝状。茜草根、荷叶根各三两切，用水四升，煮取二升，去滓适寒温，顿服即愈。
Qian Gen (Radix Rubiae)
Bitter, cold. Non-toxic. Primarily treats wind-bi (bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness pathogens) due to cold-dampness, jaundice, tonifies the middle jiao, stops bleeding, treats internal hemorrhage and lower body bleeding, insufficiency of the bladder, traumatic injuries, and gu poison (poisoning from parasites or toxins). Long-term consumption benefits essence and qi, lightens the body. Can be used to dye crimson red. Also known as Di Xue (Earth Blood), Ru Qian (Ru Qian), Mao Sou (Mao Sou), and Qian (Qian). Grows in valleys of Qiao Mountain. Roots are harvested in February and March and dried in the sun. (Averse to Shu Gu / Paeonia lactiflora.)
Tao Hongjing states: This is the Rubia cordifolia used for dyeing crimson red today. It exists in various places in the eastern regions but is scarce, unlike in the west where it is abundant. Currently, it is not frequently used in folk practices or classical prescriptions. This is likely because its therapeutic effects are considered limited and it is plentiful and cheap. The *Book of Songs* mentions "Ru Qian in the marsh," referring to this herb. Minister Yuxi et al., according to the *Shu Ben Tu Jing*, record: Dyeing crimson grass, leaves resemble date leaves, pointed at the tip and broad at the base, stems and leaves are both astringent, four to five leaves grow oppositely at the nodes, creeping over other plants, roots are purple-red. It is found everywhere now, with roots harvested in August. The *Erya* states: Ru Qian is Mao Sou. Commentary cites Lu Ji: Also known as Di Xue, people in Qi call it Qian. People in Xuzhou call it Niu Man. The *Yao Xing Lun* states: Qian Gen has a sweet taste. It primarily treats the six extremes (extreme deficiency syndromes) affecting the heart and lungs, hematemesis, and hematochezia when used. Chen Cangqi states: Qian Gen primarily treats gu poison; decoct the juice and take it orally. The herb used for dyeing crimson today is also written as Qian. The *Rites of Zhou · Shushi Zhang* records removing gu poison by attacking it with Jia Cao (auspicious herbs). Jia Cao, He (lotus), and Qian are the best for treating gu poison. Ri Huazi states: Sour taste. Stops epistaxis, leukorrhea, postpartum blood vertigo, milk stasis, menorrhagia, intestinal wind, hemorrhoids, expels pus, treats carbuncles and sores, seminal emission, hematuria, traumatic injuries, and blood stasis; decocted in wine and taken. Kills gu poison; for medicinal use, chop and stir-fry.
The *Tu Jing* states: Qian Gen, also written as Qian. Grows in valleys of Qiao Mountain; now found in nearby areas. It is the dyeing crimson grass. Xu Shen's *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* considers it to be generated from human blood, leaves resembling date leaves, pointed at the tip and broad at the base, three to five leaves growing oppositely at the nodes, seedlings creeping over other plants, roots purple. Lu Ji's *Cao Mu Shu* states: Ru Qian, Mao Sou, is Qian Cao (Rubia cordifolia). People in Qi call it Qian, people in Xuzhou call it Niu Man. Roots are harvested in February and March and dried in the sun. Now, gardeners sometimes plant them in raised beds. Thus, the *Biography of Merchants and Money-makers* states: "A thousand dan of Zhi Qian is comparable to the wealth of a state with a thousand chariots," indicating rich geographical advantages. Physicians use it to treat gu poison, surpassing other herbs. The *Rites of Zhou · Shushi Zhang* records removing gu poison by attacking it with Jia Cao. Gan Bao considers Jia Cao to be He (lotus). Chen Cangqi believes He and Qian are the best for treating gu poison.
Lei Gong states: When using Qian Gen, do not use the root of Chi Liu Cao (Red Willow Root); it resembles true Qian Gen but has a sour and astringent taste and should not be used medicinally. If ingested, it causes internal cataracts; quickly administer Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Licorice Root) decoction to resolve it, and the toxic vapors will dissipate. When processing Qian Gen, use a copper knife on a locust wood cutting board to chop it, dry it in the sun, and avoid contact with iron and lead. *Jian Yao Ji Zhong*: Treats persistent hematemesis. Qian Cao (Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 liang, raw, pounded, sifted into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with one zhong zhan of water, decoct to 0.7 zhong zhan, cool, and take after meals for good effect. *Shang Han Lei Yao*: Treats xin dan (heart heat/distress) with vexation and heat in the heart; Qian Gen is indicated. Another prescription: Treats gu poisoning, or vomiting and defecating blood resembling rotten liver. Qian Cao Gen (Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma) and He Ye Gen (Nelumbinis Petiolus) each 3 liang, sliced, with 4 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 2 sheng, remove dregs, adjust temperature, and take in one dose for cure.