\r 草\pd274.bmp\r
味甘、苦，寒，无毒。主五淋，利小便，止水痢，除疟，虚热渴。煮汁及生汁服之。生
故墟道傍。
唐本注云∶叶似蓖麻而小薄，蔓生，有细刺。俗名葛 蔓。古方亦时用之。今按别本注∶
又
云来莓草，四月、五月采茎叶，曝干。（唐本先附）臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶蔓生。叶似
大麻，花黄白，子若大麻子，俗名葛勒蔓。夏采叶用。所在墟野处多有之。
图经曰∶ 草，旧不着所出州土，云生故墟道旁，今处处有之。叶如蓖麻而小薄，蔓生，
有
细
刺。花黄白，子亦类麻子。四月、五月采茎叶，曝干用。俗名葛 蔓，又名葛勒蔓。唐·韦
宙《独行方》主癞遍体皆疮者。用 草一担，以水二石，煮取一石以渍疮。不过三作乃愈。
而《本经》亦阙主疮功用。又韦丹主膏淋。捣生汁三升，酢二合相和，空腹顿服。当溺如白
汁。又主久痢成疳。取干蔓捣筛，量多少，管吹谷道中，不过三、四瘥已若神。
衍义曰∶ 草，葛勒蔓也。治伤寒汗后虚热，锉，研，取生汁，饮一合，愈。
\r鹤虱\pd275.bmp\r
味苦，平，有小毒。主蛔、蛲虫。用之为散，以肥肉 汁服方寸匕。亦丸散中用。生
西戎。
唐本注云∶子似蓬蒿子而细，合叶、茎用之。胡名鹄虱。今按别本注云∶心痛。以淡醋
和半
匕，服之立瘥。出波斯者为胜，今上党亦有。力势薄于波斯者。（唐本先附）
臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶凉，无毒。杀五脏虫，止疟，及敷恶疮上。
图经曰∶鹤虱，生西戒，今江淮、衡湘间皆有之。春生苗，叶皱似紫苏，大而尖长，不
光。
二尺许。七月生黄白花，似菊。八月结实，子极尖细，干即黄黑色。采无时。南人呼其叶为
火。谨按 葵（音 ）即火 也。虽花实相类，而别是一物，不可杂用也。杀虫方中，此
为最
要。《古今录验》疗蛔咬心痛。取鹤虱十两，捣筛蜜和，丸如梧子，以蜜汤空腹吞四十丸，
日增至五十丸。慎酒、肉。韦云患心痛，十年不瘥，于杂方内见，合服便愈。李绛《兵部手
集方》治小儿蛔虫啮心腹痛，亦单用鹤虱细研，以肥猪肉汁下。五岁一服二分，虫出便止，
余以意增减。
外台秘要∶延年治蛔虫，吐水心痛。鹤虱三两为末蜜丸。平旦浆水服二十丸。千金方∶
治虫
咬心痛。鹤虱一两为末，空心温醋下。虫当出。沈存中笔谈地菘即天名精。鹤虱是实。
草（鹤虱的一种，此处指“地菘”或相关植物，原文作“”，即“藁”或类似字，根据上下文及《证类本草》体例，此处实为“藁”或“葛勒蔓”的别称，但原文OCR识别为“”，结合后文“俗名葛勒蔓”，此处应指代该植物。注：原文中“”字在古籍中常通“藁”或指代特定草药，此处依原文字形保留并翻译其描述）。味甘、苦，性寒，无毒。主治五淋（五种淋证），通利小便，止住水痢，消除疟疾，缓解虚热口渴。将药煮成汁或直接服用生药汁。生长在旧城废墟和道路旁边。
唐代《新修本草》注释说：叶子像蓖麻但较小较薄，藤蔓生长，有细刺。俗称葛蔓。古方中也偶尔使用它。现在参考其他版本的注释又说：也叫来莓草，四月、五月采集茎叶，晒干。（此条附于唐本之前）臣禹锡等人谨慎按语：蜀本地图经说：藤蔓生长。叶子像大麻，花黄白色，种子像大麻子，俗称葛勒蔓。夏季采集叶子使用。各地的废墟田野处多有生长。
《本草图经》说：这种草，旧籍没有记载出产的州土，说生长在旧城废墟和道路旁边，现在到处都有。叶子像蓖麻但较小较薄，藤蔓生长，有细刺。花黄白色，种子也像麻子。四月、五月采集茎叶，晒干使用。俗称葛蔓，又名葛勒蔓。唐代韦宙的《独行方》主治遍身长癞疮的人。用草一担，用水二石，煮取一石药液来浸泡疮口。不超过三次就能痊愈。而《神农本草经》也缺失了治疗疮疡的功效。另外韦丹主治膏淋。捣取生药汁三升，醋二合混合，空腹一次性服下。应当排出像白汁一样的尿液。又主治久痢变成疳积。取干藤蔓捣碎过筛，根据病情轻重，用管子吹入肛门内，不超过三四次就好得神速。
《衍义》说：这种草就是葛勒蔓。治疗伤寒发汗后的虚热，切碎，研磨，取生药汁，饮用一合，即可痊愈。
鹤虱
味苦，性平，有小毒。主治蛔虫、蛲虫。将其制成散剂，用肥肉汁送服一方寸匕。也用于丸剂和散剂中。生长在西方戎地。
唐代《新修本草》注释说：种子像蓬蒿子但更细小，连叶、茎一起使用。胡名叫鹄虱。现在参考其他版本注释说：治疗心痛。用淡醋调和半方寸匕，服下立刻痊愈。出自波斯的质量更好，现在上党也有出产。效力比波斯的弱。（此条附于唐本之前）
臣禹锡等人谨慎按语：日华子说：性凉，无毒。杀死五脏寄生虫，止疟，以及敷治恶疮。
《本草图经》说：鹤虱，生长在西戎，现在江淮、衡湘之间都有生长。春天生出苗，叶子皱缩像紫苏，大而尖长，不光滑。长约二尺。七月开黄白花，像菊花。八月结果实，种子极尖细，干了以后呈黄黑色。随时可以采集。南方人叫它的叶子为“火”。谨慎按语：“葵”（音同“灰”）就是“火”的意思。虽然花和果实相似，但是另一种东西，不可混用。在杀虫方剂中，这是最重要的。《古今录验》治疗蛔虫咬心痛。取鹤虱十两，捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜调和，做成梧桐子大小的丸剂，空腹用蜜汤吞服四十丸，每天增加到五十丸。忌酒、肉。韦云患心痛，十年不好，在杂方中看到此方，合服便痊愈。李绛《兵部手集方》治疗小儿蛔虫咬心腹痛，也单用鹤虱细研，用肥猪肉汁送服。五岁儿童每次服二分，虫子出来就停止，其余用量凭心意增减。
《外台秘要》：延年治疗蛔虫，吐水心痛。鹤虱三两研末，蜜丸。清晨用浆水送服二十丸。《千金方》：治疗虫咬心痛。鹤虱一两研末，空腹用温醋送服。虫子应当会出来。沈存中《笔谈》说地菘就是天名精。鹤虱是其实。
The herb (referred to as "Di Song" or related plant, textually represented by a specific character in the original, here translated based on context as the herb described) has a sweet and bitter taste, is cold in nature, and is non-toxic. It primarily treats the five types of strangury (five categories of painful urinary disorders), promotes urination, stops watery dysentery, eliminates malaria, and relieves deficiency-heat and thirst. It should be taken as a decoction or fresh juice. It grows near old ruins and along roadsides.
The *Xinxiu Bencao* (Newly Revised Materia Medica) of the Tang Dynasty notes: The leaves resemble those of castor bean (*Ricinus communis*) but are smaller and thinner; it grows as a vine with fine thorns. It is commonly known as Ge Man. It was occasionally used in ancient prescriptions. According to other versions' annotations found later: It is also called Laimei Cao. The stems and leaves are harvested in April and May and dried in the sun. (This note is attached prior to the Tang edition). Minister Yuxi et al. carefully noted according to the Shu edition's illustrated classic: It grows as a vine. The leaves resemble hemp, the flowers are yellowish-white, and the seeds resemble hemp seeds. It is commonly known as Ge Le Man. The leaves are harvested in summer for use. It is abundant in ruins and fields everywhere.
The *Bencao Tujing* (Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica) states: This herb's place of origin was not recorded in older texts, stating it grows near old ruins and roadsides; now it is found everywhere. The leaves resemble castor bean leaves but are smaller and thinner, growing as a vine with fine thorns. The flowers are yellowish-white, and the seeds resemble hemp seeds. The stems and leaves are harvested in April and May and dried for use. It is commonly known as Ge Man, also named Ge Le Man. Wei Zhou's *Duxing Fang* (Single Journey Prescriptions) from the Tang Dynasty treats cases of widespread leprosy-like sores. Use one dan of the herb, boil in two shi of water until reduced to one shi, and soak the sores. It will heal in no more than three applications. However, the *Shennong Benjing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) lacks records of its efficacy in treating sores. Additionally, Wei Dan treats Gao Strangury (strangury with thick urine). Crush the fresh herb to obtain three sheng of juice, mix with two he of vinegar, and take all at once on an empty stomach. White, milky urine should be discharged. It also treats chronic dysentery progressing into childhood malnutrition (gan syndrome). Take the dried vines, crush and sieve them, and blow the powder into the anus using a tube according to the severity. Healing occurs miraculously within three or four applications.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) states: This herb is Ge Le Man. It treats deficiency-heat after sweating in Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease. Cut, grind, and take the fresh juice, drinking one he, which leads to recovery.
Heshi (Herba Cnidii / Seed of Cnidium)
Has a bitter taste, is neutral in nature, and has slight toxicity. It primarily treats roundworms (Ascaris) and pinworms. It is used as a powder, administered with fatty meat juice, one cun bi in dose. It is also used in pills and powders. It grows in the Western Rong regions.
The *Xinxiu Bencao* (Newly Revised Materia Medica) of the Tang Dynasty notes: The seeds resemble those of mugwort (*Artemisia argyi*) but are finer; the leaves and stems are used together. The Hu name is Hushi. According to other version annotations: It treats heart pain. Mix half a cun bi with light vinegar, and take it; recovery is immediate. Those from Persia are superior; it is now also produced in Shangdang. Its potency is weaker than that from Persia. (This note is attached prior to the Tang edition).
Minister Yuxi et al. carefully noted according to Ri Hua Zi: It is cool in nature and non-toxic. It kills parasites in the five zang organs, stops malaria, and can be applied externally to malignant sores.
The *Bencao Tujing* (Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica) states: Heshi grows in the Western Rong regions; now it is found throughout Jianghuai and between Heng and Xiang. Sprouts emerge in spring; the leaves are wrinkled like perilla (*Perilla frutescens*), large, pointed, long, and not smooth. They grow about two chi tall. Yellowish-white flowers appear in July, resembling chrysanthemum. Fruits mature in August; the seeds are extremely sharp and fine, turning yellow-black when dry. Harvesting can be done at any time. Southerners call its leaves "Huo". Carefully noted: "Kui" (pronounced "Hui") is indeed "Huo". Although the flowers and fruits are similar, they are different plants and must not be mixed. In antiparasitic formulas, this is the most important ingredient. *Gujin Luyan* (Ancient and Modern Recorded Verification) treats heart pain caused by roundworm biting. Take ten liang of Heshi, crush and sieve, mix with honey, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Swallow forty pills on an empty stomach with honey water, increasing daily to fifty pills. Avoid alcohol and meat. Wei Yun suffered from heart pain for ten years without cure; seeing this prescription among miscellaneous ones, taking it led to recovery. Li Jiang's *Bingbu Shouji Fang* (Military Department Hand-collected Prescriptions) treats children's abdominal and heart pain caused by roundworm biting. It also uses Heshi alone, finely ground, administered with fatty pork juice. For a five-year-old, administer two fen per dose; stop when worms are expelled. Other dosages should be adjusted according to judgment.
*Waitai Miyao* (Secret Essentials of the Outer Cabinet): Yannian's method for treating roundworms, vomiting water, and heart pain. Three liang of Heshi powdered, formed into honey pills. Take twenty pills at dawn with jiangshui (fermented grain liquid). *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold): Treats heart pain caused by worm biting. One liang of Heshi powdered, taken on an empty stomach with warm vinegar. Worms should be expelled. Shen Cunzhong's *Bitan* (Brush Talks) states that Disong is Tianmingjing (Fructus Ligustri Lucidi? No, likely *Lycopus* or *Carpesium*, text says *Tianmingjing* which is *Lycopus lucidus* fruit usually, but context implies confusion). Heshi refers to its seed/fruit.