\r菥 （音锡觅）子\pd97.bmp\r
味辛，微温，无毒。主明目，目痛泪出，除痹，补五脏，益精光，疗心腹
腰痛。久服轻身不老。一名 菥，一名大蕺，一名马辛，一名大荠。生咸阳川泽及道旁。四
月、五月采，曝干。（得荆实、细辛良，恶干姜、苦参。）
陶隐居云∶今处处有之，人乃言是大荠子，俗用甚稀。唐本注云∶《尔雅》云是大荠，
然
验其味甘而不辛也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶似荠菜而细，俗呼为老荠。药性论云∶菥
子
，苦参为使。能治肝家积聚，眼目赤肿。陈藏器云∶菥 子，《本经》一名大荠。苏引《
尔
雅》为注云∶大荠。按大荠即葶苈，非菥 也。菥 大而褊，葶苈细而圆。二物殊别也。
图经曰∶菥 子，生咸阳川泽及道旁，今处处有之。《尔雅》云∶菥 ，大荠。郭璞云∶
似
荠，
细叶，俗呼之曰老荠。苏恭亦云是大荠。又云∶然菥 味辛，大荠味甘。陈藏器以大荠当是
葶苈，非菥 ，菥 大而褊，葶苈细而圆，二物殊也。而《尔雅》自有葶苈，谓之 （音典）
。注云∶实、叶皆似荠，一名狗荠，大抵二物皆荠类。故人多不能细分，乃尔致疑也。四月
、五月采，曝干。古今眼目方中多用之。崔元亮《海上方》疗眼热痛，泪不止，以菥 子一
物，捣筛为末，欲卧以铜箸点眼中，当有热泪及恶物出，并去 肉。可三、四十夜点之，甚
佳。
菥（音锡觅）子
味辛，微温，无毒。主治明目，目痛泪出，除痹，补五脏，益精光，疗心腹腰痛。久服轻身不老。一名 菥，一名大蕺，一名马辛，一名大荠。生咸阳川泽及道旁。四月、五月采，曝干。（得荆实、细辛良，恶干姜、苦参。）
陶隐居云∶今处处有之，人乃言是大荠子，俗用甚稀。唐本注云∶《尔雅》云是大荠，然验其味甘而不辛也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶似荠菜而细，俗呼为老荠。药性论云∶菥子，苦参为使。能治肝家积聚，眼目赤肿。陈藏器云∶菥子，《本经》一名大荠。苏引《尔雅》为注云∶大荠。按大荠即葶苈，非菥也。菥大而褊，葶苈细而圆。二物殊别也。图经曰∶菥子，生咸阳川泽及道旁，今处处有之。《尔雅》云∶菥，大荠。郭璞云∶似荠，细叶，俗呼之曰老荠。苏恭亦云是大荠。又云∶然菥味辛，大荠味甘。陈藏器以大荠当是葶苈，非菥，菥大而褊，葶苈细而圆，二物殊也。而《尔雅》自有葶苈，谓之 （音典）。注云∶实、叶皆似荠，一名狗荠，大抵二物皆荠类。故人多不能细分，乃尔致疑也。四月、五月采，曝干。古今眼目方中多用之。崔元亮《海上方》疗眼热痛，泪不止，以菥子一物，捣筛为末，欲卧以铜箸点眼中，当有热泪及恶物出，并去 肉。可三、四十夜点之，甚佳。
Xi Zi (Thlaspi Semen)
Pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats brightening the eyes, eye pain with tearing, removing bi-syndrome (painful obstruction), tonifying the five zang organs, benefiting essence and light, and treating heart, abdominal, and lower back pain. Long-term use makes the body light and prevents aging. Also known as Xi, Da Ji, Ma Xin, and Da Qi. Grows in the rivers, marshes, and by the roadsides of Xianyang. Harvested in April and May, then dried in the sun. (It works well when combined with Jing Shi and Xixin; it is incompatible with Ganjiang and Kushen.)
Tao Hongjing stated: "It is now found everywhere. People say it is the seed of Da Qi, but it is rarely used in common practice." The Tang Ben Zhu annotation states: "The Erya says it is Da Qi, yet upon verification, its taste is sweet rather than pungent." Minister Yuxi et al. carefully noted according to the Shu Ben edition: "It resembles shepherd's purse but is finer; commonly called Lao Qi." The Yaoxing Lun states: "For Xi Zi, Kushen acts as an assistant. It can treat accumulations in the liver and redness and swelling of the eyes." Chen Cangqi stated: "Xi Zi, also known as Da Qi in the Benjing." Su Gong cited the Erya for annotation, saying: "Da Qi." However, Da Qi is Tingli, not Xi. Xi is large and flat, while Tingli is fine and round. These two substances are distinctly different. The Tujing states: "Xi Zi grows in the rivers, marshes, and by the roadsides of Xianyang, and is now found everywhere." The Erya states: "Xi is Da Qi." Guo Pu stated: "It resembles shepherd's purse, has fine leaves, and is commonly called Lao Qi." Su Gong also said it is Da Qi. Furthermore, he stated: "However, Xi tastes pungent, whereas Da Qi tastes sweet." Chen Cangqi considered that Da Qi should be Tingli, not Xi; Xi is large and flat, while Tingli is fine and round, so these two substances are distinct. Moreover, the Erya itself has Tingli, referred to as Dian (dian). The annotation states: "Its fruit and leaves both resemble shepherd's purse, also known as Gou Qi. Generally, both substances belong to the shepherd's purse category. Therefore, many people cannot distinguish them finely, leading to such doubts." Harvested in April and May, then dried in the sun. It is frequently used in ancient and modern prescriptions for eye diseases. Cui Yuanliang's Haishang Fang treats hot pain in the eyes with incessant tearing by using only Xi Zi, pounding and sifting it into powder. Before sleeping, apply it to the eyes with a bronze chopstick; hot tears and foul matter will come out, along with the removal of fleshy growths. It can be applied for thirty or forty nights, which is very effective.