\r葱实\pd530.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主明目，补中不足。其茎葱白，平，可作汤，主伤寒，寒热，出汗
，中风，面目肿，伤寒骨肉痛，喉痹不通，安胎，归目，除肝邪气，安中，利五脏，益目睛
，杀百药毒。
葱根 主伤寒头痛。
葱汁 平，温。主溺血，解藜芦毒。
唐本注云∶葱有数种，山葱曰 葱，疗病以胡葱，主诸恶 （七吏切），狐尿刺毒，山
溪中沙
虱、射工等毒。煮汁浸或捣敷大效，亦兼小蒜、茱萸辈，不独用也。其人间食葱，又有二种
∶有冻葱，即经冬不死，分茎栽莳而无子也；又有汉葱，冬即叶枯。食用入药，冻葱最善，
气味亦佳。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶葱有冬葱、汉葱、胡葱、 、葱凡四种。冬葱夏衰
冬盛，茎叶俱软美。山南、江左有之。汉葱冬枯，其茎实硬而味薄。胡葱茎叶粗短，根若金
，能疗肿毒。 葱生于山谷，不入药用。尔雅云∶ ，山葱。释曰∶《说文》云∶葱生山
中者名 ，细茎大叶者是也。孟诜云∶葱，温。根主疮中有水，风肿疼痛者。冬葱最善，宜
冬
者，多食发气，上冲人，五脏闭绝，虚人胃。开骨节，出汗，故
温尔。日华子云∶葱，治天行时疾，头痛
，热狂，通大小肠，霍乱转筋及贲豚气，香港脚，心腹痛，目眩及止心迷闷。取其茎叶，用盐
研， 蛇虫伤并金疮。水入皲肿，煨研 敷。中射工溪毒，盐研 敷。子，温中，补不足，
益精，明目。根，杀一切鱼肉毒，不可以蜜同食。
图经曰∶葱实，《本经》不载所出州土，今处处有之。葱有数种∶入药用山葱、胡葱；
食品
用冻葱、汉葱。山葱生山中，细茎大叶，食之香美于常葱。一名 （古百切）葱。《尔雅》
所谓
而根茎皆细白。又云∶茎叶微短如金灯者是也。旧别有条云∶生
蜀郡山谷，似大蒜而小，形圆皮赤，稍长而锐。冻葱，冬夏常有，但分茎栽莳而无子，气味
最佳，亦入药用，一名冬葱。又有一种楼葱，亦冬葱类也，江南人呼龙角葱，言其苗有八角
，故云尔。淮、楚间多种之。汉葱茎实硬而味薄，冬即叶枯。凡葱皆能杀鱼肉毒，食品所不
可缺也。唐·韦宙《独行方》主水病两足肿者，锉葱叶及茎，煮令烂，渍之，日三、五作
乃佳。煨葱治打扑损，见刘禹锡《传信方》，云得于崔给事，取葱新折者，便入 灰火煨，
趁
将损处。仍多煨，取续续易热者。崔云∶顷在泽潞，与李抱真作
球子，其军将以杖相格，便
乘势不能止，因伤李相指并爪甲擘裂，
遽索金创药裹之，强坐，频索酒吃，至数盏已过量，而面色愈青，忍痛不止。有军吏言此方
遂用之，三易，面色却赤，
斯须云已不痛。凡十数度用热葱并涕缠裹其指，遂毕席笑语。又
上方》，治脾心痛，痛则腹胀
如锥刀刺者。吴茱萸一升，葱花一
食疗∶叶，温。白，平。主伤寒壮热，出汗，中风，面目浮肿，骨节头疼，损发鬓。葱
白
及须，平。通气，主伤寒头痛。又，治疮中有风水，肿疼。取青叶、干姜、黄柏相和，煮作
汤，
不宜多，只可和五味用之，上冲人，五脏闭绝。虚人患气者，多食发
气。为通和关节，出汗之故也。少食则得，可作汤饮。不得多食，恐拔气上冲人，五脏闷绝
。切不得与蜜相和，食之促人气，杀人。又，止血衄，利小便。外台秘要∶治肠痔，大便常
血。取葱白三、五斤，煮作汤，盆中坐，立瘥。又方∶治大小肠不通。捣葱白以酢和，封小
肾肿。泥葱半斤煨过，烂捣贴脐上。千金方∶治中恶，葱心黄刺
脑骨破及骨折。葱白细研和
蜜，浓封损处，立瘥。经验方∶治小便淋
以艾灸七壮。梅师方∶治
胎动不安，以银器煮
上，即血止。又方∶
后烦躁，卧不安稳。葱白二十茎，大枣二十枚，以水三升，煎取二升，分服。孙真人食忌正
月
游风。若烧葱和蜜食，杀人。食医心镜∶主赤白痢。以葱一握细切
，和米煮粥，空心食之。又方∶理眼暗，补不足。葱实大半升为末，每度取一匙头，水二升
煮取一升半，滤取滓，葺
米煮粥食，良久食之。又捣葱实，丸蜜和，如梧子大，食后饮汁服一、
亦甚明目。又方∶主伤寒
寒热，骨节碎痛，出汗。治中风，面目浮
肿，喉咽不通，安胎，归目，除肝脏邪气，安中，利五
脏，益目睛，杀百药。叶作羹粥，炸作齑食之，良。胜金方∶治鼻衄血。以葱白一握，捣
裂汁，投酒少许，抄三、两滴入鼻内，瘥。兵部手集∶治蜘蛛啮，遍身成疮。青葱叶一茎，
去小
条入葱叶中，紧捏两头，勿令通气，但摇动，即化为水，点咬处，即差
葱须阴干为末，蒲州胆矾
一钱，葱末二钱，研匀一字，入竹管中，吹
病处。伤寒类要∶治妇人妊娠七月，若伤寒壮热，赤斑变为黑斑，溺血。以葱一把，水三升，
令尽。杨氏产乳∶主胎动，五、六个月，困笃难较者。葱白一大握，
滓顿服。又方∶主胎动，腰
痛抢心，或下血。取葱白不限多少，浓煮汁
伯，虽臭而有用，消金、玉、
锡、石也。又以冬
银、青石，各三分
矣。曝令干如饴，可休粮，久服神仙，亦曰金浆也。
衍义曰∶葱实，葱初生名葱针，至夏则有花。于秋月植，作高沟 ，旋壅起，以备冬用，
曰
冬葱，其实一也。又有龙角葱，每茎上出歧如角。皮赤者名楼葱，可煎汤渫下部。子皆辛，
色
物大抵以发散为功，多食昏人神。
葱实
味辛，性温，无毒。主要功效为明目，补益中气不足。其茎部即葱白，性平，可煮汤服用，主治伤寒、寒热往来、出汗、中风、面目浮肿、伤寒引起的骨肉疼痛、喉痹不通、安胎、使药力归于目部、祛除肝经邪气、安定中焦、利五脏、益目睛、解百药毒。
葱汁：性平，温。主治尿血，解藜芦毒。
《唐本草》注解说：葱有几种，山中的葱称为“薤”（xiè），治病多用胡葱，主治各种恶疮（音七吏切）、狐尿刺毒、山溪中的沙虱、射工等毒。煮汁浸泡或捣碎外敷效果显著，也可配合小蒜、茱萸等使用，不单独使用。民间食用的葱又有两种：一种是冻葱，即过冬不死，分茎栽种且不结籽；另一种是汉葱，冬天叶子枯死。食用和入药以冻葱最好，气味也佳。臣禹锡等人考证《蜀本图经》说：葱有冬葱、汉葱、胡葱、薤、葱凡四种。冬葱夏天衰败冬天茂盛，茎叶都柔软美味。山南、江左地区有生长。汉葱冬天枯萎，茎实硬而味道淡薄。胡葱茎叶粗短，根部像金子一样，能治疗肿毒。薤葱生长在山谷中，不入药用。《尔雅》说：“薤，就是山葱。”解释称：《说文解字》说：生长在中山的葱叫薤，细茎大叶的就是这种。孟诜说：葱，性温。葱根主治疮中有水、风肿疼痛者。冬葱最好，适宜冬季食用，但多吃会生发之气，上冲人体，导致五脏闭塞断绝，虚人伤胃。它开通骨节，促使出汗，所以性质属温。日华子说：葱，治疗天行时疾（流行性传染病）、头痛、热狂、通大小肠、霍乱转筋及奔豚气、脚气、心腹痛、目眩以及止心迷闷。取其茎叶，用盐研磨，治疗蛇虫咬伤和金创。水入皮肤皲裂肿胀，煨熟后研磨外敷。中射工溪毒，用盐研磨外敷。葱子，性温，温中，补不足，益精，明目。葱根，杀一切鱼肉毒，不可与蜂蜜同食。
《图经》说：葱实，《本经》未记载其出产州土，现在到处都有。葱有几种：入药用山葱、胡葱；食品用冻葱、汉葱。山葱生长在山中，细茎大叶，吃起来比常葱香美。一名“薤”（古百切）葱。《尔雅》所谓“薤”，根茎皆细白。又说：茎叶微短如金灯草的是这种。旧别有条文说：生长在蜀郡山谷，像大蒜但较小，形状圆皮赤，稍长而尖。冻葱，冬夏常有，只是分茎栽种且不结籽，气味最佳，也入药用，一名冬葱。又有一种楼葱，也是冬葱一类，江南人叫它龙角葱，说它的苗有八角，所以这么叫。淮、楚间多种植。汉葱茎实硬而味道淡薄，冬天叶子枯死。凡是葱都能杀鱼肉毒，是食品中不可缺少的。唐代韦宙《独行方》主治水肿病两足肿者，切碎葱叶及茎，煮烂，浸泡患处，每天三到五次，效果更好。煨葱治疗跌打损伤，见刘禹锡《传信方》，说是从崔给事那里得到的，取新鲜折断的葱，直接放入灰烬火中煨烤，趁热敷在患处。还要多煨几个，随时更换热的。崔说：以前在泽潞，与李抱真打球，军将以杖相击，顺势无法停止，因此伤了李相的手指并指甲劈裂，急忙索要金创药包扎，强坐，频频索酒喝，到了几杯已经过量，而面色更青，忍痛不止。有军吏说这个方子于是用了它，换三次，面色变红，一会儿说不痛了。总共十几次用热葱和鼻涕缠绕包裹手指，最终满席笑语。又上方》，治疗脾心痛，痛则腹胀如锥刀刺者。吴茱萸一升，葱花一把，煎服。
食疗部分：葱叶，性温。葱白，性平。主治伤寒壮热，出汗，中风，面目浮肿，骨节头疼，损发鬓。葱白及须，性平。通气，主治伤寒头痛。另外，治疗疮中有风水，肿疼。取青叶、干姜、黄柏相和，煮作汤，不宜多，只可调和五味使用，会上冲人体，导致五脏闭塞断绝。虚人患气者，多吃会生发之气。因为它是通和关节，促使出汗的缘故。少吃可以，可做汤饮。不得多吃，恐怕拔气上冲人体，五脏闷绝。切记不可与蜜相和，吃了会促人气，杀人。另外，止血鼻衄，利小便。《外台秘要》：治疗肠痔，大便常血。取葱白三、五斤，煮作汤，盆中坐浴，立即痊愈。又一方：治疗大小肠不通。捣葱白以醋调和，封贴小腹肾区肿胀处。泥葱半斤煨过，烂捣贴脐上。《千金方》：治疗中恶，葱心黄刺脑骨破及骨折。葱白细研和蜜，浓封损处，立即痊愈。经验方：治疗小便淋沥，以艾灸七壮。梅师方：治疗胎动不安，以银器煮葱白，上即血止。又一方：产后烦躁，卧不安稳。葱白二十茎，大枣二十枚，以水三升，煎取二升，分服。孙真人食忌正月游风。若烧葱和蜜食，杀人。《食医心镜》：主治赤白痢。以葱一握细切，和米煮粥，空心食之。又一方：理眼暗，补不足。葱实大半升为末，每度取一匙头，水二升煮取一升半，滤取滓，葺米煮粥食，良久食之。又捣葱实，丸蜜和，如梧子大，食后饮汁服一、二丸，亦甚明目。又一方：主治伤寒寒热，骨节碎痛，出汗。治中风，面目浮肿，喉咽不通，安胎，归目，除肝脏邪气，安中，利五脏，益目睛，杀百药。叶作羹粥，炸作齑食之，良。胜金方：治疗鼻衄血。以葱白一握，捣裂汁，投酒少许，抄三、两滴入鼻内，痊愈。兵部手集：治疗蜘蛛咬，遍身成疮。青葱叶一茎，去小条入葱叶中，紧捏两头，勿令通气，但摇动，即化为水，点咬处，即差。葱须阴干为末，蒲州胆矾一钱，葱末二钱，研匀一字，入竹管中，吹病处。《伤寒类要》：治疗妇人妊娠七月，若伤寒壮热，赤斑变为黑斑，溺血。以葱一把，水三升，令尽。杨氏产乳：主治胎动，五、六个月，困笃难较者。葱白一大握，煎取汁去滓顿服。又一方：主治胎动，腰痛抢心，或下血。取葱白不限多少，浓煮汁饮。伯，虽臭而有用，消金、玉、锡、石也。又以冬银、青石，各三分矣。曝令干如饴，可休粮，久服神仙，亦曰金浆也。
《衍义》说：葱实，葱初生名葱针，至夏则有花。于秋月植，作高沟垄，旋壅起，以备冬用，曰冬葱，其实一也。又有龙角葱，每茎上出歧如角。皮赤者名楼葱，可煎汤渫下部。子皆辛，色物大抵以发散为功，多食昏人神。
Cong Shi (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily benefits the eyes and tonifies deficiency of the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner). Its stem, Cong Bai (White Part of Scallion), is neutral in nature and can be decocted into soup. It treats Taiyang disease (Exterior syndrome affecting the Bladder channel), alternating chills and fever, sweating, Wind-stroke (Zhong Feng), swelling of the face and eyes, bone and muscle pain due to Taiyang disease, obstruction of the throat (Hou Bi), calms the fetus, directs medicinal action to the eyes, eliminates pathogenic factors from the Liver, stabilizes the Middle Jiao, promotes the free flow of the Five Zang organs, nourishes the eyes, and detoxifies various medicines.
Cong Gen (Scallion Root): Treats headache due to Taiyang disease.
Cong Zhi (Scallion Juice): Neutral and warm in nature. Treats hematuria (blood in urine) and resolves Luli (Veratrum nigrum) toxicity.
The Note of Tang Bencao states: There are several types of scallions. The wild scallion growing in mountains is called Xie (Rhizoma Allii Macrostemonis), and Hu Cong (Allium chinense) is mainly used for treating diseases, specifically various malignant sores (pronounced qi li), fox urine thorn poison, sand lice, and she gong (midge-like insects) poisoning found in mountain streams. Boiling the juice for soaking or crushing it for external application yields great effects; it can also be combined with Xiao Suan (Small Garlic) and Zhu Yu (Zanthoxylum bungeanum), rather than used alone. Edible scallions for human consumption come in two types: one is Dong Cong (Winter Scallion), which survives winter, is propagated by dividing stems, and does not produce seeds; the other is Han Cong, whose leaves wither in winter. For both dietary and medicinal use, Dong Cong is superior and has a better aroma. Chen Yuxi and others verified according to Shu Ben Tu Jing that there are four types of scallions: Dong Cong, Han Cong, Hu Cong, Xie, and Cong. Dong Cong declines in summer and thrives in winter, with soft and delicious stems and leaves. It grows in Shan Nan and Jiang Zuo regions. Han Cong withers in winter, has hard stems, and a bland taste. Hu Cong has thick and short stems and leaves, with roots resembling gold, capable of treating swellings and toxic sores. Xie Cong grows in mountain valleys and is not used medicinally. Er Ya states: "Xie is mountain scallion." The explanation says: Shuo Wen Jie Zi states: Scallions growing in mountains are named Xie; those with thin stems and large leaves are indeed this type. Meng Shen states: Scallion is warm. The root treats water accumulation in sores and wind-induced swelling and pain. Dong Cong is best; it is suitable for winter consumption, but excessive intake generates Qi that rushes upward, causing closure and severance of the Five Zang organs and damaging the stomach of deficient individuals. It opens bone joints and induces sweating, hence its warm nature. Ri Hua Zi states: Scallion treats epidemic febrile diseases (Tian Xing Shi Ji), headache, mania due to heat, unblocks the Large and Small Intestines, treats cholera with muscle cramps and Ben Tun Qi (Rushing Qi sensation), beriberi, heart and abdominal pain, dizziness, and stops mental confusion. Taking its stems and leaves, grinding them with salt, treats snake and insect bites as well as metal wounds. For skin cracking and swelling caused by water exposure, roast until soft, grind, and apply externally. For she gong stream poison, grind with salt and apply externally. The seed is warm, warms the Middle Jiao, tonifies deficiency, benefits essence, and brightens the eyes. The root kills all fish and meat toxins and must not be consumed with honey.
Tu Jing states: Cong Shi (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) is not recorded in Ben Jing regarding its origin province. It is now found everywhere. There are several types of scallions: Shan Cong (Mountain Scallion) and Hu Cong are used medicinally; Dong Cong and Han Cong are used as food. Shan Cong grows in mountains, has thin stems and large leaves, and tastes more fragrant than common scallions. Also known as Xie (pron gu bai) Cong. As mentioned in Er Ya, the root and stem are both thin and white. It is also stated that those with slightly shorter stems and leaves resembling golden lantern grass are this type. An old separate entry states: Grows in mountain valleys of Shu Commandery, similar to garlic but smaller, round shape with red skin, slightly longer and pointed. Dong Cong is present in both winter and summer, propagated by dividing stems without seeds, has the best aroma, and is also used medicinally, also known as Winter Scallion. Another variety is Lou Cong, also a type of Dong Cong. People in Jiangnan call it Long Jiao Cong (Dragon Horn Scallion) because its sprouts have eight angles. It is widely planted in Huai and Chu regions. Han Cong has hard stems and bland taste, with leaves withering in winter. All scallions can kill fish and meat toxins and are indispensable in food. Tang Dynasty Wei Zhou's Du Xing Fang treats edema with swollen feet by chopping scallion leaves and stems, boiling until soft, and soaking the affected area three to five times daily for best results. Roasted scallion treats traumatic injuries, as seen in Liu Yuxi's Chuan Xin Fang, obtained from Cui Ge Shi. Take freshly broken scallions, place directly in ash fire to roast, and apply while hot to the injury site. Prepare many roasted scallions to replace with hot ones continuously. Cui said: Previously in Ze Lu, playing ball with Li Baozhen, a military officer struck with a staff, unable to stop the momentum, injuring Minister Li's finger and splitting the nail. He urgently requested wound medicine to bandage it, sat forcibly, drank wine repeatedly exceeding the limit, yet his face turned bluer, enduring pain. A military clerk suggested this formula, which was used. After three changes, his face turned red, and soon he reported no pain. Used hot scallions mixed with sputum to wrap the finger over ten times, resulting in laughter throughout the banquet. Another upper formula treats Pi Xin Tong (Spleen Heart Pain), where pain causes abdominal distension like needle or knife stabbing. Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) one sheng, Cong Hua (Scallion Flower) one handful, decoct and take.
Dietary Therapy: Leaves are warm. White part is neutral. Treats severe fever due to Taiyang disease, sweating, Wind-stroke, facial and eye swelling, bone joint headache, and damage to hair and eyebrows. Scallion white and roots are neutral. Promote Qi circulation, treat headache due to Taiyang disease. Additionally, treat wind-water accumulation in sores with swelling and pain. Mix green leaves, Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), and Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), boil into soup. Do not consume too much; only use to harmonize the five flavors. It causes Qi to rush upward, leading to closure of the Five Zang organs. Deficient individuals suffering from Qi disorders should avoid excessive intake as it generates upward-rushing Qi. This is because it unites joints and induces sweating. Consuming small amounts is acceptable, can be made into soup or drink. Do not eat excessively, fearing it pulls Qi upward, causing suffocation of the Five Zang organs. Strictly avoid mixing with honey, as it accelerates Qi movement and can be fatal. Additionally, stops epistaxis (nosebleed) and promotes urination. Waitai Miyao: Treats intestinal hemorrhoids with frequent blood in stool. Take three to five jin of scallion white, boil into soup, sit in a basin containing the soup for immediate cure. Another formula: Treats obstruction of Large and Small Intestines. Crush scallion white, mix with vinegar, and apply to the lower abdomen/kidney swelling area. Roast half a jin of mud-covered scallion, crush thoroughly, and apply to the umbilicus. Qianjin Fang: Treats Zhong E (Sudden Evil invasion), yellow tip of scallion inserted into brain bone fracture or bone fracture. Crush scallion white finely, mix with honey, apply thickly to injury site for immediate cure. Jingyan Fang: Treats strangury (Lin Syndrome), moxibustion seven moxa cones. Mei Shi Fang: Treats restless fetus, boil scallion white in silver vessel, stops bleeding immediately. Another formula: Postpartum restlessness and unstable sleep. Twenty scallion whites, twenty jujubes, decoct three sheng of water to obtain two sheng, divide and take. Sun Simiao's Dietary Taboos: January wandering wind. Burning scallion and eating with honey is fatal. Shiyi Xinjing: Treats dysentery with red and white discharge. Cut one handful of scallion finely, cook with rice into porridge, eat on an empty stomach. Another formula: Improves dim vision, tonifies deficiency. Cong Shi (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) half a sheng ground into powder, take one spoonful each time, decoct in two sheng of water to obtain one and a half sheng, filter dregs, cook with rice into porridge, eat after some time. Another method: Crush Cong Shi, mix with honey to form pills the size of wu zi (wuyue seeds), take one or two pills with juice after meals, also greatly benefits the eyes. Another formula: Treats alternating chills and fever due to Taiyang disease, fragmented bone joint pain, sweating. Treats Wind-stroke, facial and eye swelling, throat obstruction, calms fetus, directs to eyes, eliminates Liver pathogenic factors, stabilizes Middle Jiao, benefits Five Zang organs, nourishes eyes, detoxifies medicines. Make leaves into soup or porridge, fry as relish, good effect. Sheng Jin Fang: Treats epistaxis. Take one handful of scallion white, crush to extract juice, add a little wine, dip three or two drops into the nostril, cured. Bingbu Shouji: Treats spider bites causing sores all over the body. One stem of green scallion leaf, remove small strips, insert into scallion leaf, tightly pinch both ends to prevent air passage, shake gently, turns into water, apply to bite site, cured. Dry scallion roots into powder, combine with one qian of Dan Fan (Alumen) from Puzhou and two qian of scallion powder, grind uniformly to one zi amount, put into bamboo tube, blow into the diseased area. Shanghan Leiyao: Treats women in seventh month of pregnancy with severe fever due to Taiyang disease, red macules turning black, hematuria. Take one bunch of scallion, three sheng of water, drink completely. Yangshi Chanru: Treats restless fetus at five or six months, difficult to manage. One large handful of scallion white, decoct, remove dregs, take in one dose. Another formula: Treats restless fetus, lower back pain rushing to heart, or vaginal bleeding. Take unlimited amount of scallion white, decoct concentrated juice to drink. Bo, though smelly, is useful, dissolves gold, jade, tin, and stone. Also uses winter silver and Qing Shi (Azurite), each three fen. Dry until like maltose, can stop grain consumption, long-term use leads to immortality, also called Jin Jiang (Gold Paste).
Yanyi states: Cong Shi, young scallion is called Cong Zhen, flowers appear in summer. Planted in autumn, make high ridges, mound up soil, prepared for winter use, called Dong Cong, essentially the same thing. There is also Long Jiao Cong, with branches on each stem like horns. Red-skinned variety is called Lou Cong, can be decocted to wash the lower body. Seeds are all pungent. Generally, substances act primarily by dispersing; excessive consumption dulls the spirit.