\r辛夷\pd320.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主五脏身体寒热，风头脑痛，面 ，温中解肌，利九窍，通鼻塞涕出，
治面肿引齿痛，眩冒身兀兀如在车船之上者，生须发，去白虫。久服下气，轻身明目，增年
耐老。可作膏药用之，去心及外毛。毛射人肺，令人咳。一名辛矧，一名候桃，一名房木。
生汉中川谷。九月采实，曝干。（芎 为之使。恶五石脂，畏菖蒲、蒲黄、黄连、石膏、黄
环。）
陶隐居云∶今出丹阳近道。形如桃子，小时气辛香。即《离骚》所呼辛夷者。唐本注云∶
此是树花未开时收之。正月、二月好采。今见用者是。其九月采实者，恐误。其树大，连合
抱，高数仞。叶大于柿叶。所在皆有。实臭不任药也。方云去毛用其心，然难得而滋人面，
此用花开者易得，而且香也。今按陈藏器本草云∶辛夷，今时所用者，是未发花时如小桃子，
有毛，未折时取之。所云用花开者，及在二月，此殊误尔。此花，江南地暖正月开；北地寒
二月开。初发如笔，北人呼为木笔。其花最早，南人呼为迎春。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶
树高数仞。叶似柿叶而狭长。正月、二月，花似着毛小桃，
色白而带紫。花落而无子。夏杪复着花，如小笔。又有一种，三月花开，四月花落，子赤似
相思子。花、叶与无子者同。取花欲开者胜，所在山谷皆有。此二种，今苑中有树，高三、
四丈，花、叶一如《图经》所说，但树身径二尺许，去根三尺以来便有枝柯，繁茂可爱。正
月、二月花开，紫白色。花落复生叶，至夏初还生花如小笔。经秋历冬，叶、花渐大，如有
毛小桃，至来年正月、二月始开。初是兴元府进来，其树才可三、四尺，有花无子，谓之木
笔花。树种经二十余载方结实。以此推之。即是年岁浅者无子，非有二种也。其花开早晚，
应各随其土风尔。药性论云∶辛夷，臣。能治面生 ，面脂用，主光华。日华子云∶通关
脉
图经曰∶辛夷，生汉中川谷。今处处有之，人家园庭亦多种植。木高数丈，叶似柿而长。
正月、二月生花似着毛小桃子，色白带紫。花落无子。至夏复开花，初出如笔，故北人呼为
木笔花。又有一种，枝、叶并相类，但岁一开花，四月花落时，有子如相思子。或云都是一
种。经一、二十年老者，方结实耳。其花开早晚，亦随南北节气寒温。九月采实，暴干用。
或云∶用花蕊缩者良。已开者劣，谢者不佳。
雷公云∶凡用之，去粗皮，拭上赤肉毛了，即以芭蕉水浸一宿漉出，用浆水煮，从巳至
未，出，焙干用。若治眼目中患，即一时去皮用向里实者。屈平九歌∶乘赤豹兮从文狸，辛
夷
车兮结桂旗。注∶辛夷，香草也。言山鬼出入乘赤豹从神狸，结桂与辛夷以为车旗，言有香
洁也
衍义曰∶辛夷，先花后叶，即木笔花也。最先春以具花，未开时，其花苞有毛，光长如
笔，故取象曰木笔。有红、紫二本∶一本如桃花色者，一本紫者。今入药当用紫色者，仍须
未开时收取。入药当去毛苞。
味辛，性温，无毒。主治五脏及身体寒热，风邪引起的头脑疼痛，面部浮肿，温暖中焦并解除肌表之邪，通利九窍，治疗鼻塞流涕，治疗面部肿胀牵引牙齿疼痛，头晕目眩、身体摇晃如同在车船之上的人，促进须发生长，去除白虫（肠道寄生虫）。长期服用可降气，使身体轻健、目光明亮，增加寿命并延缓衰老。可制作成膏药使用，需去除心部和外部绒毛。绒毛若射入肺中，会引起咳嗽。又名辛矧，又名候桃，又名房木。生长在汉中的山谷中。九月采集果实，晒干。（川芎作为其引经药。忌与五石脂同用，畏惧菖蒲、蒲黄、黄连、石膏、黄环。）
陶隐居说：现在出产于丹阳附近道路旁。形状像桃子，小时气味辛香。就是《离骚》中所说的辛夷。《唐本草》注解说：这是树木花朵未开放时采收的。正月、二月是好的采摘时间。现在使用的是这种。那些九月采集果实的说法，恐怕是错误的。这种树很大，需要两人合抱，高数仞。叶子比柿叶大。各地都有。果实有臭味，不适合入药。方书说去掉绒毛使用花心，然而难以获得且容易使人面部生疮，这里使用的是花开时的样子，容易获得而且芳香。现在我查阅陈藏器的《本草》说：辛夷，现在所使用的，是在未开花时像小桃子一样，有毛，在未折断时取用。所说的使用花开时的，以及在二月采收，这特别错误了。这种花，江南地区地暖一月开放；北方寒冷地区二月开放。初发时像笔，北方人称为木笔。这种花最早开放，南方人称为迎春。臣禹锡等人谨慎地按照《蜀本图经》说：树高数仞。叶子像柿叶但狭长。正月、二月，花像长着毛的小桃子，颜色白而带紫。花落而没有种子。夏末再次开花，像小笔。又有一种，三月开花，四月花落，种子红色像相思子。花、叶与无种子的相同。取欲开的花更好，各地山谷都有。这两种，现在苑中有树，高三四丈，花、叶完全像《图经》所说，只是树干直径约二尺，离根三尺左右就有枝柯，繁茂可爱。正月、二月花开，紫白色。花落再生叶，到夏初还生花像小笔。经过秋天冬天，叶、花逐渐变大，像有毛的小桃子，到第二年正月、二月才开。最初是从兴元府进贡来的，那棵树只有三四尺高，有花无子，称为木笔花。树种经过二十多年才结实。由此推断，那就是年份浅的没有种子，并不是有两种。花开的早晚，应该各自随当地气候而定。《药性论》说：辛夷，臣药。能治疗面部生疮，制作面脂用，主要光泽容颜。日华子说：通关脉。
《图经》说：辛夷，生长在汉中的山谷中。现在到处都有，人家庭院也多种植。木高数丈，叶像柿叶而长。正月、二月生花像长着毛的小桃子，色白带紫。花落无子。到了夏天又开花，初出像笔，所以北方人称为木笔花。又有一种，枝、叶都相似，只是每年开一次花，四月花落时，有子像相思子。有人说这是一种。经过一二十年老化的，才结实。花开的早晚，也随南北节气寒温不同。九月采集果实，晒干使用。有人说：使用花蕊收缩的好。已开的差，凋谢的不佳。
雷公说：凡是用它，去掉粗皮，擦去上面赤色的肉毛后，就用芭蕉水浸泡一夜捞出，用浆水煮，从巳时到未时，取出，焙干使用。如果是治疗眼目中的病患，就一时去皮使用向里的实者。屈原《九歌》说：乘赤豹兮从文狸，辛夷车兮结桂旗。注解说：辛夷，是香草。说山鬼出入乘坐赤豹跟随神狸，结桂与辛夷作为车旗，说有香洁之意。
《衍义》说：辛夷，先花后叶，就是木笔花。最先在春天具备花，未开时，花苞有毛，光长如笔，所以取象称为木笔。有红、紫两种：一种像桃花颜色的，一种紫色的。现在入药应当用紫色的，仍须未开时收取。入药应当去掉毛苞。
Xinyi (Magnolia Flower)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats cold-heat conditions of the five Zang organs and the body, wind-induced headache and brain pain, facial swelling; warms the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner) and resolves the muscle layer; benefits the nine orifices; treats nasal congestion with discharge; treats facial swelling radiating to toothache; dizziness and vertigo with a sensation of swaying as if on a moving vehicle or boat; promotes the growth of beard and hair; removes lumbricoids (roundworms). Long-term use descends Qi, lightens the body, brightens the eyes, increases lifespan, and delays aging. It can be used in ointments. The core and external hairs must be removed. If the hairs penetrate the lungs, they cause coughing. Also known as Xinshen (辛矧), Houtao (候桃), and Fangmu (房木). Grows in valleys of Hanzhong. Fruits are harvested in September and sun-dried. Ligusticum chuanxiong (Chuanxiong, 川芎) acts as its guiding herb. It is incompatible with Wushizhi (Five Minerals Earth, 五石脂) and fears Changpu (Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome, 菖蒲), Puhuang (Tamaricis Pollen, 蒲黄), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 石膏), and Huanghuan (黄环).
Tao Hongjing stated: Currently produced near Dan Yang. Its shape resembles a peach, emitting a pungent fragrance when young. This is the Xinyi mentioned in the *Li Sao*. The *Tang Bencao* annotation notes: This is collected when the tree flowers have not yet opened. January and February are good months for harvesting. This is what is currently used. Those who harvest fruits in September are likely mistaken. The tree is large, requiring two people to embrace it, and several zhang high. The leaves are larger than persimmon leaves. It is found everywhere. The fruit has an offensive odor and is unsuitable for medicinal use. Formulas state to remove the hairs and use the flower heart, but this is difficult to obtain and may cause facial sores. Using the open flower is easier to obtain and more fragrant. I now consult Chen Cangqi's *Bencao*: Xinyi, as currently used, is like a small peach before flowering, hairy, taken before breaking off. The claim that open flowers should be used, or harvested in February, is particularly erroneous. In Jiangnan, where the climate is warm, this flower blooms in January; in colder northern regions, it blooms in February. Initially emerging like a brush, northerners call it Mubi (Wood Brush, 木笔). As the earliest blooming flower, southerners call it Yingchun (Welcome Spring, 迎春). Minister Yu Xi et al., carefully according to the *Shu Ben Tu Jing*, stated: The tree is several zhang high. Leaves resemble persimmon leaves but are narrower and longer. In January and February, flowers resemble hairy small peaches, white with purple tints. Flowers fall without seeds. At the end of summer, it blooms again, resembling a small brush. There is another variety that blooms in March and sheds flowers in April, producing red seeds resembling Acacia seeds. Its flowers and leaves are identical to the seedless variety. Flowers intended for use should be those about to open; they are found in valleys everywhere. These two varieties exist in the imperial garden; the trees are three to four zhang high, with flowers and leaves exactly as described in the *Tu Jing*, except the trunk diameter is about two chi, branching starts three chi from the root, and it is lush and lovely. Flowers bloom in January and February, purple-white. After flowers fall, leaves regrow; by early summer, flowers re-emerge like small brushes. Through autumn and winter, leaves and flowers gradually enlarge, resembling hairy small peaches, only opening in January and February of the following year. Originally presented as tribute from Xing Yuan Fu, these trees were only three to four chi high, had flowers but no seeds, called Mubi Hua (Wood Brush Flower). Seeds take over twenty years to bear fruit. From this, we deduce that younger trees do not produce seeds; there are not two distinct species. The timing of flowering depends on local climates. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Xinyi is a minister herb. It treats facial sores; used in facial creams, it enhances complexion. Ri Huazi stated: It opens meridian passages.
The *Tu Jing* stated: Xinyi grows in valleys of Hanzhong. It is now found everywhere, and households often plant it in courtyards. The tree is several zhang high, leaves resemble persimmon leaves but are elongated. In January and February, flowers emerge resembling hairy small peaches, white with purple tints. Flowers fall without seeds. In summer, it blooms again, initially emerging like a brush, hence northerners call it Mubi Hua (Wood Brush Flower). Another variety has similar branches and leaves, but blooms once a year; when flowers fall in April, it produces seeds like Acacia seeds. Some say it is one species; only after one to twenty years of aging does it bear fruit. The timing of flowering also varies with north-south seasonal temperature differences. Fruits are harvested in September and sun-dried. Some say: Use shriveled flower stamens; fully opened ones are inferior, and withered ones are poor.
Lei Gong stated: When using it, remove the coarse skin, wipe off the reddish fleshy hairs, then soak in banana leaf water overnight, drain, boil in grain vinegar water from Si hour (9-11 AM) to Wei hour (1-3 PM), remove, and bake dry for use. If treating eye diseases, remove the skin at once and use the inner solid part. Qu Yuan's *Jiu Ge* says: Riding red leopards followed by patterned civets, adorning the chariot with Xinyi and tying flags with Cassia. Annotation: Xinyi is a fragrant herb. It describes the Mountain Spirit riding red leopards and divine civets, using Cassia and Xinyi for chariots and flags, indicating purity and fragrance.
*Yan Yi* stated: Xinyi blooms before leafing out, which is the Mubi Hua (Wood Brush Flower). It is the first to bloom in spring. Before opening, the flower bud has hairs, smooth and long like a brush, thus named Mubi (Wood Brush). There are red and purple varieties: one resembles peach blossom color, the other is purple. For medicinal use, the purple variety should be used, collected before opening. The hairy calyx must be removed for medicinal preparation.