伤寒者，冬时严寒，而人触冒之，寒气入腠理，搏于血气，则发寒热，头痛体疼，谓之
伤寒。又春时应暖而反寒，此非其时有其气，伤人即发病，谓之时行伤寒者。小儿不能触冒
寒气，而病伤寒者，多由大人解脱之时久，故令寒气伤之，是以小儿亦病之。
诊其脉来，一投而止者，便是得病一日，假令六投而止者，便是得病六日。其脉来洪者
易治，细微者难治也。
伤寒，是寒气客于皮肤，寒从外搏于血气，腠理闭密，冷气在内，不得外泄，蕴积生热
，故头痛、壮热、体疼。所以须解其肌肤，令腠理开，津液为汗，发泄其气，则热歇。
凡伤寒，无问长幼男女，于春夏宜发汗。又脉浮大宜发汗，所以然者，病在表故也。
伤寒，是寒气客于皮肤，搏于血气，腠理闭密，气不宣泄，蕴积生热，故头痛、体疼而
壮热。其人本脏气实者，则寒气与实气相搏，而壮热者，谓之挟实。实者有二种，有冷有热
，其热实，粪黄而臭；其冷实，食不消，粪白而酸气，比候知之。其内虽有冷热之殊，外皮
肤皆壮热也。
伤寒，是寒气客于皮肤，搏于血气，使腠理闭密，气不宣泄，蕴积生热，故头痛、体疼
而壮热也。其兼惊者，是热乘心，心主血脉，小儿血气软弱，心神易动，为热所乘，故发惊
。惊不止，则变惊痫也。
伤寒，是指冬季严寒之时，人体触犯冒犯寒气，寒气侵入腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔），与血气相搏结，从而引发寒热往来、头痛、身体疼痛的症状，这被称为伤寒。另外，春季本应温暖却反而寒冷，这种非其时而有其气的异常气候，伤人后立即发病，称为时行伤寒。小儿不能主动触犯寒气而患伤寒的，大多是因为大人脱衣解带的时间过长，导致寒气侵袭所致，因此小儿也会患病。
诊察患者的脉象，如果脉搏跳动一次后停止（指脉来急促或节律异常，此处指代病程短促之象），便是得病一日；假如脉搏跳动六次后停止，便是得病六日。脉象洪大者容易治疗，脉象细微者难以治疗。
所谓伤寒，是寒气客居在皮肤，寒气从外部与血气相搏结，腠理闭塞致密，冷气郁积在内，无法向外宣泄，蕴积而生热，所以出现头痛、高热、身体疼痛。因此必须解除肌表之邪，使腠理开泄，津液化为汗液，发泄郁积之气，那么热势就会消退。凡是伤寒，无论长幼男女，在春夏季节适宜采用发汗法。另外，脉象浮大者也适宜发汗，之所以这样，是因为病邪在体表的原因。
所谓伤寒，是寒气客居在皮肤，与血气相搏结，使腠理闭塞致密，气机不能宣泄，蕴积而生热，所以出现头痛、身体疼痛和高热。如果患者原本脏腑之气充实，则寒气与充实之气相搏结，而出现高热的症状，这称为挟实（兼有实证）。实证有两种，有冷实和热实两种，其中热实证，大便色黄且气味臭秽；冷实证，食物不消化，大便色白且有酸腐气味，通过上述征候可以知晓。虽然内部有冷实和热实的区别，但外部皮肤都表现为高热。
所谓伤寒，是寒气客居在皮肤，与血气相搏结，使腠理闭塞致密，气机不能宣泄，蕴积而生热，所以出现头痛、身体疼痛和高热。如果兼有惊风症状，是因为热邪侵犯心脏，心主血脉，小儿血气软弱，心神容易受扰动，被热邪所乘，所以发生惊厥。如果惊厥不止，则会转变为惊痫（一种伴有抽搐的神志疾病）。
Shanghan (Cold Damage), refers to the condition where, during the severe cold of winter, the human body is exposed to and invaded by cold qi. The cold qi enters the Culi (the spaces between skin and flesh, including hair follicles and sweat glands), struggles with the blood and qi, thereby causing alternating chills and fever, headache, and body pain; this is called Shanghan. Furthermore, when spring should be warm but instead turns cold, this is an abnormal climate occurring out of season. When it injures people and causes immediate illness, it is called Shixing Shanghan (Epidemic Cold Damage). Children who suffer from Shanghan without having actively exposed themselves to cold are mostly due to adults leaving their clothes unfastened for too long, allowing cold qi to invade; thus, children also fall ill.
Upon examining the pulse, if the pulse beats once and then stops (indicating a short duration of disease onset in this context), it means the disease has been present for one day; if the pulse beats six times before stopping, it means the disease has been present for six days. A Hong (Surging) pulse indicates a condition that is easy to treat, whereas a Xi Wei (Fine and Minute) pulse indicates a difficult-to-treat condition.
Shanghan occurs when cold qi lodges in the skin, struggling externally with the blood and qi. The Culi become closed and dense, trapping cold qi inside which cannot diffuse outward. This accumulation generates heat, resulting in headache, high fever, and body pain. Therefore, it is necessary to release the exterior pathogen, open the Culi, allow body fluids to transform into sweat, and vent the accumulated qi, so that the heat will subside. For all cases of Shanghan, regardless of age or gender, sweating therapy is appropriate during spring and summer. Additionally, a Fu Da (Floating and Large) pulse indicates suitability for sweating therapy; this is because the pathogen is located at the exterior level.
Shanghan occurs when cold qi lodges in the skin, struggling with the blood and qi, causing the Culi to close and become dense, preventing the diffusion of qi and leading to heat generation through accumulation. Consequently, headache, body pain, and high fever occur. If the patient's internal Zang-Fu qi is originally substantial, the cold qi struggles with this substantial qi, resulting in high fever; this is termed Jia Shi (Accompanied by Excess Syndrome). There are two types of excess: Cold Excess and Heat Excess. In Heat Excess, stool is yellow and foul-smelling; in Cold Excess, food is not digested properly, stool is white, and has a sour odor. These patterns can be identified by these signs. Although there are differences between internal Cold and Heat excesses, the external skin always presents with high fever.
Shanghan occurs when cold qi lodges in the skin, struggling with the blood and qi, causing the Culi to close and become dense, preventing the diffusion of qi and leading to heat generation through accumulation. Thus, headache, body pain, and high fever occur. If accompanied by Jing Feng (Convulsion/Wind), it is because heat pathogen invades the Heart. The Heart governs the blood vessels. Since children have weak blood and qi, their Shen (Spirit/Mind) is easily disturbed. Being overwhelmed by heat, they develop convulsions. If the convulsions do not cease, they may transform into Jing Xian (Convulsive Epilepsy).