成者,圣人之道成也。登天,即天位,为天子也。鼎湖之事,乃秦汉诸儒附会之谈,古
无是
说,岂可援为注释?且果上升矣,下文乃问于天师句,何以接得上?殊不知此即舜典乃命以位
之义耳!
(四气调神)
生气通天论曰∶肝为阳中之少阳,心为阳中之太阳,肺为阴中之少阴,肾为阴中之太阴
胃为至阴。此五脏阴阳本体之真气也,与六经之三阴三阳,因人身左右前后之部位起义者,
迥不侔矣。上文逆春气少阳不生,逆夏气太阳不长,则秋当作少阴,冬当作太阴,上下文义
始贯。前人多忽略读过。
(生
自古,犹从来也。言从来所谓通天者,万物生生之本,莫不本于阴阳。故天地之间,六
内,其气充塞九州,而人在气中,其九窍、五脏、十二节,皆通乎天气也。天气,即阴阳也
。王启玄以“其气九州九窍”为句,既嫌穿凿,而吴鹤皋以“自古能天者生”为句,“之本
本于阴阳”为句,无理特甚!
(《灵枢·热病篇》)
者,阻之讹也。《甲乙经》引此作阻。《脉经》有肝中风者,令人嗜甘,如阻妇状。
是明
明以阻为妊娠之称矣。谓妊娠则经阻不下也。故妊娠之病曰恶阻,谓恶作剧于阻妇也。丹溪
解为呕恶以阻饮食者,谬矣。马注径作 解。考字书无“ ”字,揣其注意,颇似“怛”字
之义,穿凿极矣。张隐庵起而正之,宜也,惜未见《甲乙经》耳!又见《太素》作妲,尤非
。
所谓“成”,是指圣人的大道得以成就。“登天”,即登上天的位置,象征成为天子。关于黄帝鼎湖升仙的说法,是秦汉时期各位儒生附会编造的言论,古代原本就没有这种说法,怎么可以拿来作为注释呢?况且如果真的已经飞升上天了,下文怎么会接着出现向天师请教的句子呢?这怎么能衔接得上呢?殊不知这里的含义正是《尚书·舜典》中“任命他继承帝位”的意思罢了!
(出自《素问·四气调神大论》)
《素问·生气通天论》中说:肝是阳中的少阳,心是阳中的太阳,肺是阴中的少阴,肾是阴中的太阴,胃是至阴。这是五脏阴阳本体的真气,与六经的三阴三阳不同,后者是根据人体左右前后部位来定义名称的,两者截然不同。上文说违背春气则少阳之气不生,违背夏气则太阳之气不长,那么秋天应当对应少阴,冬天应当对应太阴,这样上下文的文义才能贯通。前人多忽略这一点而读过。
(出自《素问·上古天真论》)
“自古”一词,意思是从古以来。说的是自古以来所谓的“通天”,万物生生不息的根本,无不基于阴阳。所以天地之间,阴阳二气充塞九州,而人生活在气之中,人体的九窍、五脏、十二关节,都与天气相通。天气,指的就是阴阳。王启玄将“其气九州九窍”断句,既显得牵强穿凿;而吴鹤皋将“自古能天者生”断句,将“之本本于阴阳”另起一句,更是无理到了极点!
(出自《灵枢·热病篇》)
“者”字,是“阻”字的讹误。《甲乙经》引用此处写作“阻”。《脉经》中有“肝中风者,令人嗜甘,如阻妇状”的说法。这明确是以“阻”作为妊娠的称呼。说是妊娠,就是月经阻滞不下。所以妊娠的病叫做“恶阻”,意思是厌恶在“阻妇”(怀孕妇女)身上发作剧痛或不适。丹溪将其解释为因呕吐恶心而阻碍饮食,这是错误的。马注直接将其作“怛”字解释。考证字书并没有“ ”这个字,推测他的用意,很像“怛”字的含义,真是穿凿附会到了极点。张隐庵起来纠正它,是应该的,可惜他没有见到《甲乙经》罢了!又见《太素》中写作“妲”,更加不对了。
The term "Cheng" (Completion/Accomplishment) refers to the accomplishment of the Great Dao by the Sages. "Deng Tian" (Ascending to Heaven) signifies taking the position of Heaven, symbolizing becoming the Son of Heaven (Emperor). The story of Emperor Huangdi ascending at Dinghu is a fabricated tale appended by Confucian scholars of the Qin and Han dynasties; such a narrative did not exist in ancient times, so how can it be cited as commentary? Moreover, if he had truly ascended to heaven, how could the following text, which asks questions to the Heavenly Master (Tianshi), logically follow? It is unknown that this actually corresponds to the meaning in the *Book of Documents* (*Shangshu*) chapter *Shun Dian*, where it states "appointing him to the throne."
*(From Suwen: Treatise on Regulating Spirit According to the Four Qi)*
The *Shengqi Tongtian Lun* (Treatise on Vital Energy Connecting with Heaven) states: The Liver is Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) within Yang; the Heart is Taiyang (Greater Yang) within Yang; the Lung is Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) within Yin; the Kidney is Taiyin (Greater Yin) within Yin; the Stomach is Zhiyin (Ultimate Yin). This represents the true qi of the yin-yang essence of the Five Zang organs. This differs significantly from the Three Yin and Three Yang of the Six Channels, which are named based on anatomical positions (left, right, anterior, posterior) of the human body. In the preceding text, it says that violating the Spring Qi prevents Shaoyang from generating, and violating the Summer Qi prevents Taiyang from growing. Therefore, Autumn should correspond to Shaoyin, and Winter to Taiyin, for the context to flow coherently. Previous readers have often overlooked this point.
*(From Suwen: Treatise on Ancient True Qi)*
"Guzi" (Since ancient times) means from antiquity. It speaks of what has been called "connecting with Heaven" since ancient times: the root of the continuous generation of all things lies fundamentally in Yin and Yang. Thus, between Heaven and Earth, Qi fills the Nine Provinces. Humans live within this Qi, and their nine orifices, five Zang organs, and twelve joints all connect with the Qi of Heaven. The Qi of Heaven refers to Yin and Yang. Wang Qixuan punctuated the phrase as "Qi [fills] the Nine Provinces [and] nine orifices," which is forced and far-fetched. Wu Hegao punctuated it as "Since ancient times, those who can [reach] Heaven generate life," and separated "Ben [root] lies in Yin and Yang" into another sentence, which is extremely illogical!
*(From Lingshu: Chapter on Heat Diseases)*
The character "Zhe" (者) is an error for "Zu" (阻 - Obstruction/Blockage). The *Jiayi Jing* cites this passage using the character "Zu". The *Maijing* states: "In cases of Wind-Strike affecting the Liver, the person craves sweet foods, resembling the state of a 'Zu Fu' (Obstructed Woman)." This clearly uses "Zu" as a term for pregnancy. Pregnancy implies the obstruction of menstruation. Therefore, the disease of pregnancy is called "Ezu" (Disgusting Obstruction), meaning the onset of severe symptoms (such as nausea/vomiting) in the "Obstructed Woman" (pregnant woman). Danxi's interpretation that it refers to vomiting and disgust obstructing food intake is incorrect. Ma Zhu directly interpreted it as the character "Da" (怛 - Distress/Sorrow). Examining dictionaries reveals no such character as written; speculating on his intent, it seems similar to the meaning of "Da," which is highly far-fetched. Zhang Yinan rose to correct this, which was appropriate, but unfortunately, he had not seen the *Jiayi Jing*. Furthermore, the *Taisu* writes it as "Da" (妲), which is even more incorrect.