足少阳之脉起于目锐 上抵头循角(颔厌穴分也在曲角上颞 上廉一名脑空)下耳后(天冲穴分也在耳后发际二寸
耳上如前三分自此至风池皆少阳所行之分也)循颈(风池穴也在项后发际陷中按之急肩是穴陷)行手少阳之前至肩上(肩
井穴也在肩上以三指按而取之当中指陷者中是穴)却交出少阳之后(秉风穴分也)入缺盆其支者从耳后(颞 间翳风穴
分也)入耳中出走耳前(听会穴分)至目锐 后(童子 穴分也)其支者别目锐 下大迎合手少阳于 ( 穴下)下
临颊车下颈合缺盆下胸中(天池穴分)贯膈络肝属胆(即期门之所下至日月穴分而属于胆)循胁里(章门穴分)出气街
绕毛际横入髀厌中(胁 也腋下为胁曲骨之分为毛际两旁动脉中为气街犍骨之下为髀厌即髀枢环跳穴也)其直者从缺盆
下腋循胸(润液穴分)过季胁下(胁骨之下为季胁京门等穴分)合髀厌中以下循髀外(中渎等穴分)出膝外廉(阳陵泉
穴也)下外辅骨之前( 外为辅骨阳交等穴分也)直下抵绝骨之端(外踝之上为绝骨)下出外踝之前(丘墟穴分也)循
足跗(足面为跗临泣等穴分)上入小趾次趾之间(窍阴穴也)其支者别跗上(临泣穴别行)入大趾循歧骨内出其端(大
趾端也)还贯入爪甲出三毛(足大趾本节后为歧骨大趾爪甲后为三毛就此交于足厥阴也○愚按胆脉起目锐 上抵头角下
耳后未尝言其脉有曲折也伯仁十四经发挥言足少阳脉起目锐 至完骨是一折又自完骨至睛明是一折又自睛明至风池是一
折则是内经以经脉之曲折者朦陇为直行也若根据内经直行则少阳头部二十穴无从安顿若根据伯仁三折则穴可安似又戾于经旨
此愚所未解也俟明者正焉)
足少阳胆经的经脉起始于目外角(瞳子髎穴),向上到达头角(颔厌穴,位于曲骨之上、颞部上廉,又名脑空),向下经过耳后(天冲穴,位于耳后发际上二寸,耳上前方三分处;从此处至风池穴均为足少阳经循行的部位),沿颈部(风池穴位于项后发际凹陷中,按压时肩部肌肉紧张即为该穴)行走于手少阳三焦经之前,到达肩上(肩井穴,位于肩上,用三指按压,中指陷入的凹陷处即为该穴),然后折回交出于足少阳经之后(秉风穴所在部位),进入缺盆。
其支脉从耳后(翳风穴所在部位)进入耳中,出走至耳前(听会穴),到达目外角后方(童子髎穴)。另一支脉从目外角分出,下行至大迎穴,与手少阳三焦经相合,下行覆盖颊车穴,向下经过颈部,与缺盆处的经脉汇合,下行入胸中,穿过膈肌,联络肝脏,归属于胆(此处为期门穴下方至日月穴的部位,从而归属于胆),沿胁肋内部(章门穴所在部位)前行,出于气街(腹股沟动脉搏动处),绕过阴毛边缘,横向进入髀厌中(即髀枢,环跳穴所在处)。
其直行者从缺盆下行至腋下,沿胸部(渊液穴所在部位)经过季胁下(肋骨之下为季胁,京门等穴所在部位),与髀厌中的经脉汇合,向下沿大腿外侧(中渎等穴所在部位)前行,出于膝盖外侧(阳陵泉穴),下行于腓骨前缘(阳交等穴所在部位),直下抵达绝骨末端(外踝上方为绝骨),向下出于外踝之前(丘墟穴所在部位),沿足背(临泣等穴所在部位)上行,进入足小趾与次趾之间(窍阴穴)。另一支脉从足背分出(临泣穴别行),进入大趾,沿歧骨内侧走出其端(大趾端),回转贯穿爪甲,出于丛毛处(足大趾本节后为歧骨,大趾爪甲后为三毛,此处与足厥阴肝经相交)。
我按:胆经起于目外角,上抵头角,下过耳后,未曾提及经脉有曲折。伯仁在《十四经发挥》中说足少阳脉起于目外角至完骨是一折,又自完骨至睛明是一折,又自睛明至风池是一折,这样《内经》将经脉的曲折之处模糊地视为直行。如果依据《内经》视为直行,则头部二十个穴位无法安顿;如果依据伯仁所说的三折,则穴位可以安顿,但这似乎又违背了经典原意。这是我未能理解的地方,等待高明之士指正。
The meridian of Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) originates at the outer canthus (Tongziliao, GB1), ascends to the temporal region (Hanyan, GB7, located above the orbital bone on the upper lateral aspect of the temple, also known as Naokong), and descends behind the ear (Tianchong, GB9, located two cun above the hairline behind the ear, three fen anteriorly from the top of the ear; from this point to Fengchi, GB20, are all parts traversed by the Shaoyang meridian). It follows the neck (Fengchi, GB20, located in the depression at the back of the neck below the hairline; pressing here causes tension in the shoulder muscles, identifying the acupoint), passes anterior to the Hand-Shaoyang (Sanjiao) meridian, and reaches the shoulder (Jianjing, GB21, located on the shoulder; press with three fingers, the depression where the middle finger sinks is the acupoint). It then turns back and emerges posterior to the Shaoyang meridian (at the location of Bingfeng), enters the supraclavicular fossa (Quepen).
A branch arises from behind the ear (at the location of Yifeng, TE17), enters the ear, exits anterior to the ear (Tinghui, GB2), and reaches the post-auricular region (Tongziliao, GB1). Another branch diverges from the outer canthus, descends to Daying (ST5), meets the Hand-Shaoyang meridian, descends over Jiache (ST6), goes down the neck, joins the supraclavicular fossa, descends into the chest, penetrates the diaphragm, connects with the Liver, and belongs to the Gallbladder (below Qimen, down to Riyue, GB24, thus belonging to the Gallbladder). It follows along the interior of the hypochondrium (Zhangmen, LR13), emerges at the Qi Street (inguinal artery pulsation point), circles around the pubic hair margin, and transversely enters the hip joint (Biyan, i.e., Bitu, Huantiao, GB30).
The main trunk descends from the supraclavicular fossa into the axilla, follows the chest (Yuanli, GB22), passes below the costal margin (the area below the ribs is the Ji Xie, where Jingmen, GB25, etc., are located), joins the Biyan, and descends along the lateral aspect of the thigh (Zhongdu, GB31, etc.), emerges at the lateral side of the knee (Yanglingquan, GB34), descends anterior to the fibula (Yangjiao, GB35, etc.), goes straight down to the end of the Juegu (above the lateral malleolus), emerges anterior to the lateral malleolus (Qiuxu, GB40), follows the dorsum of the foot (Linqi, GB41, etc.), and enters between the fourth and fifth toes (Guilin, GB44). A branch diverges from the dorsum of the foot (branching from Linqi), enters the big toe, follows the medial aspect of the interosseous space, emerges at its tip (tip of the big toe), returns and penetrates the nail bed, emerging at the trichiasis (hair tuft) (the bone behind the base of the big toe is the interosseous space; the hair behind the nail is the trichiasis; here it intersects with the Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian).
I note: The Gallbladder meridian originates at the outer canthus, ascends to the head corner, and descends behind the ear; there is no mention of tortuous paths. Bo Ren, in *Fourteen Meridians Exposition*, states that the Foot-Shaoyang meridian starts at the outer canthus to Wanggu (one turn), then from Wanggu to Jingming (another turn), and from Jingming to Fengchi (yet another turn). Thus, the *Nei Jing* treats these tortuous paths as straight lines. If we follow the *Nei Jing*'s description of straight lines, the twenty acupoints on the head cannot be accommodated; if we follow Bo Ren's three turns, the points can be placed, but this seems to contradict the classical intent. This is what I do not understand, awaiting correction by experts.