内经谓经脉满。则脉络溢。络脉溢。则谬刺之。以调其络脉。使形容如旧而不肿。故曰
谬刺其处。以复其形。谨按。谬刺谓不分俞穴而刺之也。水热穴论。刺水穴分大法。水溢于表。
或腹胀。或四肢虽肿。而气稍实。脉浮洪者。宜行此。至病气孤危。脉微弱而四肢小。气盛
实者。今人往往谬刺之。祸不旋踵。盖不审经言脉满络溢谬刺之理也。
孙真人云。古人无此疾。自永嘉南渡。衣冠之人多有之。湿流足胫。房事所致。发明曰
。北
足之三阴、三阳。是何经络所起。杨太受云。香港脚是为壅疾。当治以宣通之剂。使气不成壅
。既成而盛者。砭恶血而去其肿势。经曰。畜则肿热。砭射之也。
原病式曰。痹、不仁也。俗作闭。闭、壅也。火主肿胀。故热客上焦而咽嗌肿胀也。张
戴人
乳蛾、双乳蛾、单闭喉、双闭喉、子舌胀、木舌胀、缠喉风、走马喉闭。热气上行。故传于
喉之两旁。近外肿作。以其形似。是谓乳蛾。一为单。一为双也。其比乳蛾差小者。名闭喉
热结。舌下复生一小舌。名子舌胀。热结于舌中为之肿。名木舌胀。木者。强而不柔和也。
热结于咽喉。肿绕于外。且麻且痒。肿而大者。名曰缠喉风。暴发暴死者。名走马喉痹。八
名虽详。皆归之火。微者咸软之。大者下散之。至于走马喉痹。生死人在反掌间。砭刺出血
。则病已。尝治一妇人。木舌胀。其舌满口。令以 针锐而小者砭之五七度。三日方平。计
所出血几盈斗。刘氏曰。伤寒少阴病。咽痛及生疮。不能言。声不出者。用甘苦辛温制其标
病。以通咽喉。至若伤寒伏气内发。咽痛兼下利清谷。里寒外热。面赤脉微弱者。用辛热之
药攻其本病。以顺阴阳。利止则水升火降而咽痛自无也。此非杂病一阴一阳结为喉之比。不
可妄施针砭。及寒凉之药。上是火热喉痹。急用吹药点。刺少商、合谷、丰隆、涌泉、关冲
等穴。
《内经》说，经脉充满，则络脉溢出。络脉溢出，就用“缪刺”法来治疗，以调理其络脉，使形体恢复如旧而不肿胀。所以说：在病变部位进行缪刺，以恢复其正常形态。谨按：缪刺是指不区分具体腧穴而直接针刺的方法。《素问·水热穴论》中论述了刺水病穴位的大法。若水气溢于体表，出现腹胀，或者四肢虽然肿胀但正气稍实、脉象浮洪的，适宜采用这种方法。但如果病情孤危，脉象微弱且四肢细小，而邪气盛实的患者，现在的人往往错误地施用缪刺，灾祸立刻就会降临。这是因为没有审察经文中关于“脉满络溢才用缪刺”的道理。
孙思邈（孙真人）说：古人没有这种病，自从永嘉年间衣冠士族南渡以来，多有患此病者。这是湿气流注于足胫，加上房事不节所致。发明曰：足部的三阴经和三阳经，是从哪些经络起始的？杨太受说：香港脚（一种以足胫肿重无力为主要表现的疾病）属于壅滞之疾，应当用宣通类的方剂治疗，使气机不再壅滞。如果已经形成且病势盛大，就用砭石刺破排出恶血，以消除肿胀。经文说：气血蓄积则肿胀发热，应用砭石射刺放血。
《原病式》说：痹，就是麻木不仁的意思，俗写作“闭”。闭，就是壅塞的意思。火邪主司肿胀，所以热气客居上焦，导致咽喉肿胀。张戴人列举了乳蛾、双乳蛾、单闭喉、双闭喉、子舌胀、木舌胀、缠喉风、走马喉痹等病症。热气上行，传至咽喉两旁，靠近外部肿胀，因其形状相似，称为乳蛾。分为单侧和双侧两种。比乳蛾稍小的，称为闭喉。热结于舌下，再生出一个小舌头，称为子舌胀。热结于舌中导致肿胀，称为木舌胀。“木”的意思是僵硬而不柔和。热结于咽喉，肿胀环绕外部，并且伴有麻木和瘙痒，肿胀较大的，称为缠喉风。突然发作并迅速死亡的，称为走马喉痹。这八种名称虽然详细列出，但都归属于火邪。轻微的用咸味药物软坚散结，严重的用泻下药物攻逐消散。至于走马喉痹，生死只在转掌之间，用砭石刺出血，病就好了。我曾治疗一位妇人，患木舌胀，舌头充满口腔，让她用尖锐细小的针砭刺五到七次，三天后才平复，计算所出的血几乎满斗。刘氏说：伤寒少阴病，出现咽痛及生疮，不能说话，声音发不出，用甘苦辛温的药物控制标病，以通畅咽喉。至于伤寒伏气内发，咽痛兼有下利清谷（腹泻排出未消化的食物），里寒外热，面色赤红，脉象微弱的，用辛热药物攻击本病，以顺应阴阳。腹泻停止后，水升火降，咽痛自然消失。这与杂病中一阴一阳结聚导致的喉痹不同，不可妄施针砭及寒凉药物。以上是火热引起的喉痹，急用吹药点涂，针刺少商、合谷、丰隆、涌泉、关冲等穴位。
The *Neijing* states that when the meridians are full, the collateral vessels overflow. When the collateral vessels overflow, "Miu Ci" (erratic acupuncture) should be employed to regulate the collateral vessels, restoring the physical appearance to its original state without swelling. Thus it is said: Perform Miu Ci at the affected site to restore the form. Note: Miu Ci refers to needling without distinguishing specific acupoints. The *Suwen: Shuire Xuelun* chapter outlines the general principles for selecting acupoints to treat water diseases. If water qi overflows to the exterior, presenting with abdominal distension, or if although the limbs are swollen, the vital qi is slightly substantial and the pulse is floating and surging, this method is suitable. However, in cases where the pathogenic qi is isolated and critical, the pulse is faint, the limbs are small, yet the pathogen is excess and solid, people nowadays often erroneously apply Miu Ci, bringing disaster upon themselves instantly. This is because they fail to examine the principle in the classics that Miu Ci is indicated only when the pulse is full and collaterals overflow.
Sun Simiao (Sun Zhenren) stated: In ancient times, there was no such disease. Since the southward migration during the Yongjia era, many members of the gentry suffered from it. It is caused by dampness flowing into the lower legs and shanks, resulting from sexual indiscretion. Faming stated: Which meridians originate from the three Yin and three Yang meridians of the foot? Yang Taishou said: Hong Kong Jiao (a disease characterized by swelling and weakness of the lower legs and feet) is a type of obstructive disease. It should be treated with agents that promote circulation and unblocking, so that Qi does not become stagnant. Once established and vigorous, bad blood should be discharged using Bian stones (stone needles) to reduce swelling. The classics state: Accumulation leads to swelling and heat; therefore, Bian stone therapy should be used to release it.
The *Yuanbing Shi* states: Bi (obstruction) means numbness and insensitivity, commonly written as "Bi" (closure). Bi means obstruction. Fire governs swelling; thus, when hot pathogens lodge in the Upper Jiao, the throat and pharynx swell. Zhang Dairen listed conditions including Ru E (Gooseberry Throat), Double Ru E, Single Bi Hou (Closed Throat), Double Bi Hou, Zi She Zhang (Child Tongue Swelling), Mu She Zhang (Wooden Tongue Swelling), Chan Hou Feng (Swallowing Throat Wind), and Zou Ma Hou Bi (Running Horse Sore Throat). Hot qi ascends and transmits to both sides of the throat, causing external swelling. Due to their similar shape, they are called Ru E. They are classified as single or double. Those smaller than Ru E are named Bi Hou. Heat accumulation under the tongue generates a small extra tongue, known as Zi She Zhang. Heat accumulation in the middle of the tongue causes swelling, known as Mu She Zhang. "Mu" implies stiffness and lack of flexibility. Heat accumulation in the throat causes swelling around the exterior, accompanied by numbness and itching; when severe, it is called Chan Hou Feng. Sudden onset with rapid death is called Zou Ma Hou Bi. Although these eight names are detailed, they all fall under the category of Fire. Mild cases are treated with salty substances to soften hardness; severe cases are treated with purgatives to scatter accumulation. Regarding Zou Ma Hou Bi, life and death hang in the balance; bleeding via Bian stone therapy cures the disease. I once treated a woman suffering from Mu She Zhang, where her tongue filled her mouth. I instructed her to use a sharp, fine needle for Bian stone therapy five to seven times. It took three days to subside. The amount of blood extracted nearly filled a bushel. Liu Shi stated: In Shaoyin disease of Shanghan (Cold Damage), if there is sore throat, ulceration, inability to speak, and loss of voice, sweet, bitter, pungent, and warm herbs should be used to control the branch symptoms and unblock the throat. However, in cases of latent Shanghan qi developing internally, accompanied by sore throat and diarrhea with undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, red face, and faint pulse, pungent and hot drugs should be used to attack the root cause, harmonizing Yin and Yang. Once diarrhea stops, Water ascends and Fire descends, and the sore throat resolves spontaneously. This differs from the throat conditions caused by the knotting of one Yin and one Yang in miscellaneous diseases; one must not recklessly apply needle, Bian stone, or cold-cooling medications. The above describes fire-heat induced Hou Bi. Urgently apply blowing powders and puncture acupoints Shaoshang (LU11), Hegu (LI4), Fenglong (ST40), Yongquan (KI1), and Guanchong (SJ1).