原病式曰。淋。小便涩痛也。热客膀胱。郁结不能渗泄故也。严氏曰。气淋者。小便涩
。常
血淋。过热即发。甚则溺血。刘氏曰。大抵是膀胱蓄热而成。灸法。炒盐不拘多少。热填满
病患脐中却用箸头大艾炷七壮。或灸三阴交。
东垣曰。五脏上注于目而为之精。精之窠为眼。骨之精为黑眼。血之精为络。其窠气之
精为
之所常营也。神之所主也。子和曰。目之五轮。乃五脏六腑之精华。宗脉之所聚。其白属肺金
。肉属脾土。赤属心火。黑水神光属肾水。兼属肝木。目不因火则不病。白轮变赤。火乘肺也
。肉轮赤肿。火乘脾也。黑水神光被翳。火乘肝与肾也。赤脉贯目。火自甚也。凡目暴赤肿起
。羞明隐涩。泪出不止。暴寒目匡匡。大热之所为也。在针则神庭、上星、囟会、前顶、百会
。翳者可使立退。肿者可使立消。惟小儿不可刺囟会。肉分浅薄。恐伤其骨。目之内 。太阳
膀胱之所过。血多气少。目之锐 。少阳胆经。血少气多。目之上纲。太阳经也。亦血多气少。
目之下纲。阳明胃经也。血气俱多。然阳明经起于目两旁。交 中。与太阳、少阳俱会于目。
惟足厥阴肝经连于目系而已。故血太过者。太阳、阳明之实也。血不及者。厥阴之虚也。故出
血者。宜太阳、阳明。盖此二经。血多故也。少阳一经。不宜出血。血少故也。刺太阳、阳明
出血。则目愈明。刺少阳出血。则目愈昏。要知无使太过不及。以血养目而已。雀目不能夜视
。及内暴怒大忧所致。皆肝血少。禁出血。止宜补肝养胃。刘氏曰。内障有因于痰热、气郁、
血热、阳陷、阴脱、脱营所致。种种病因。古人皆不议。况外障之翳。有起于内 、外 、睛
上、睛下、睛中。当视其翳色从何经而来。如东垣治魏邦彦夫人目翳。绿色从下而上。病自阳
明来也。绿非五色之正。殆肺肾合而成病也。乃就画家以墨调腻粉合成色。与翳同矣。如论治
之。疾遂不作。眼生倒睫拳毛者。两目紧急。皮缩之所致也。盖内复热。阴气外行。当去其内
热并火邪。眼皮缓。则毛出。翳膜亦退。用手法攀出内睑向外。速以三棱针出血。以左手爪甲
迎其针锋立愈。目眶久赤烂。俗呼为赤瞎。当以三棱针刺目眶外。以泻湿热而愈。刘氏曰。外
治针也。以泻瘀热。内治服药。以杜其原可也。偷针眼。视其背上有细红点如疮。以针刺破即
瘥。实解太阳之郁热也。
《原病式》说：淋证，是小便涩滞疼痛。热邪客居膀胱，气机郁结不能正常渗泄所致。严氏说：气淋，小便涩滞不畅；血淋，过热即发作，严重时出现尿血。刘氏说：大抵是膀胱蓄积热邪而成。灸法：炒盐不拘多少，热敷填满患者脐中，然后用筷子头粗细的艾炷灸七壮。或者灸三阴交穴。
李东垣说：五脏精气上注于目而形成眼的精华。精的汇聚处为眼。骨之精表现为黑睛（瞳孔及周围黑色部分）。血之精表现为血络。气的汇聚处为眼睑，是气血经常营卫的地方，也是神志所主宰的地方。张子和说：眼的五轮，是五脏六腑精华所在，也是宗脉汇聚之处。白轮属肺金。肉轮属脾土。赤轮属心火。黑水神光属肾水，兼属肝木。眼睛不因火邪就不会生病。白轮变红，是火邪侵犯肺脏。肉轮红肿，是火邪侵犯脾脏。黑水神光被翳膜遮蔽，是火邪侵犯肝与肾。赤脉贯穿眼球，是火邪极盛。凡是眼睛突然红肿突起，畏光隐痛涩滞，流泪不止，这是暴寒或大热所致。在针刺治疗上，可选用神庭、上星、囟会、前顶、百会穴。有翳膜可使立即消退，肿胀可使立即消除。只有小儿不可刺囟会穴，因为肌肉浅薄，恐怕损伤骨骼。眼睛的内眦，是足太阳膀胱经经过的地方，血多气少。眼睛的外眦，是足少阳胆经经过的地方，血少气多。眼睛的上睑，是足太阳经所主，也是血多气少。眼睛的下睑，是足阳明胃经所主，血气俱多。然而阳明经起于目旁，交汇于目中，与太阳、少阳经都在眼部交会。只有足厥阴肝经连接于目系。所以血太过，是太阳、阳明经的实证。血不足，是厥阴经的虚证。所以出血疗法，适宜用于太阳、阳明经，因为这两条经血多。少阳一经，不宜出血，因为血少。刺太阳、阳明经出血，眼睛会更明亮；刺少阳经出血，眼睛会更昏暗。要知道不要使气血太过或不及，以血液滋养眼睛即可。雀盲症（夜盲），不能夜间视物，以及因内里暴怒、大忧所致，都是肝血少，禁止出血，只宜补肝养胃。刘氏说：内障有因痰热、气郁、血热、阳气下陷、阴气外脱、脱营等病因导致。种种病因，古人都不讨论。至于外障的翳膜，有起于内眦、外眦、睛上、睛下、睛中的。应当观察翳色从哪条经而来。如李东垣治疗魏邦彦夫人的目翳，绿色从下向上发展，病来自阳明经。绿色不是五色之正色，大概是肺肾合而为病。于是请教画家用墨调和腻粉合成颜色，与翳膜颜色相同。如果按照这个理论治疗，疾病随即停止发展。眼生倒睫拳毛，是两眼紧急，眼皮收缩所致。这是因为内部有热，阴气外行。应当去除内部热邪和火邪，眼皮松弛，则睫毛复出，翳膜也退去。用手将内眼睑向外翻出，迅速用三棱针出血，用左手指甲迎着针锋，立即痊愈。眼眶长期红肿溃烂，俗称赤瞎，应当用三棱针刺眼眶外部，以泻湿热而痊愈。刘氏说：外用针刺，以泻瘀热；内服药物，以杜绝病源。偷针眼，看其背上有细小红点像疮一样，用针刺破即好。这是解除太阳经的郁热。
The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: Lin syndrome (strangury) is characterized by painful and difficult urination with a gritty sensation. It occurs when heat pathogens lodge in the Bladder, causing stagnation and failure of fluids to permeate and drain properly. Yan Shi states: Qi Lin (Qi strangury) presents with difficult and obstructed urination; Xue Lin (Blood strangury) erupts upon excessive heat, and in severe cases involves hematuria. Liu Shi states: Generally, this is caused by the accumulation of heat in the Bladder. For moxibustion therapy: use an unspecified amount of stir-fried salt, apply it hot to fill the patient's umbilicus, then use a moxa cone the size of a chopstick head for seven moxibustions (Zhuang). Alternatively, moxibustion can be applied to Sanyinjiao (SP6).
Li Dongyuan states: The essence of the Five Zang organs ascends to the eyes to form their brilliance. The gathering place of essence is the eye. The essence of Bone manifests as the black part of the eye (pupil and surrounding iris). The essence of Blood manifests as the blood vessels. The gathering place of Qi is the eyelids, where Qi and Blood frequently circulate and nourish, and which are governed by Shen (Spirit). Zhang Zihe states: The Five Wheels of the eye are the essence of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, and the gathering place of the Zong Mai (Major Vessels). The White Wheel belongs to Lung Metal. The Flesh Wheel belongs to Spleen Earth. The Red Wheel belongs to Heart Fire. The Black Water and Divine Light belong to Kidney Water, and also relate to Liver Wood. The eyes do not become diseased unless affected by Fire. If the White Wheel turns red, it is Fire invading the Lung. If the Flesh Wheel becomes red and swollen, it is Fire invading the Spleen. If the Black Water and Divine Light are obscured by pterygium or cataracts, it is Fire invading the Liver and Kidney. If red vessels traverse the eye, it indicates extreme Fire. Whenever the eyes suddenly become red, swollen, protruding, sensitive to light, feeling gritty and dry, and tearing uncontrollably, it is caused by sudden cold or intense heat. In acupuncture treatment, Shenting (GV24), Shangxing (GV23), Xinhui (GV22), Qian Ding (GV21), and Baihui (GV20) may be selected. Pterygium can be made to recede immediately, and swelling can be eliminated immediately. However, infants should not have Xinhui (GV22) needled, as their flesh is thin and there is a risk of damaging the bone. The inner canthus is the pathway of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, where there is abundant Blood and scarce Qi. The outer canthus is the pathway of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, where there is scarce Blood and abundant Qi. The upper eyelid is governed by the Taiyang Meridian, also having abundant Blood and scarce Qi. The lower eyelid is governed by the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, where both Blood and Qi are abundant. However, the Yangming Meridian originates at the sides of the eyes, converges in the middle, and meets with the Taiyang and Shaoyang meridians at the eye. Only the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian connects to the eye system. Therefore, excess Blood indicates excess patterns in the Taiyang and Yangming meridians. Deficient Blood indicates deficiency in the Jueyin meridian. Thus, bloodletting therapy is suitable for the Taiyang and Yangming meridians because they contain abundant Blood. The Shaoyang meridian alone is unsuitable for bloodletting because it contains scarce Blood. Needling the Taiyang and Yangming meridians to bleed will make the vision clearer; needling the Shaoyang meridian to bleed will make the vision dimmer. One must know not to cause excess or deficiency, but simply to nourish the eyes with Blood. Night blindness (Que Mu), the inability to see at night, as well as conditions caused by internal sudden anger or great sorrow, are all due to deficient Liver Blood. Bloodletting is contraindicated; instead, one should tonify the Liver and nourish the Stomach. Liu Shi states: Internal cataracts can be caused by Phlegm-Heat, Qi Stagnation, Blood Heat, sinking of Yang Qi, escaping of Yin Qi, or Tuoying (depletion of Ying Qi). Various causes were not discussed by ancient masters. Regarding external obstructions such as pterygium, they may arise from the inner canthus, outer canthus, above the cornea, below the cornea, or within the cornea. One must observe which meridian the color of the opacity comes from. For example, Li Dongyuan treated the wife of Wei Bangyan for eye opacity; the green color rose from below upward, indicating the disease originated from the Yangming meridian. Green is not one of the five correct colors; it likely represents a combined pathology of Lung and Kidney. He consulted a painter to mix ink with lead white powder to create a color matching the opacity. Following this theoretical approach, the disease progression ceased. Inverted eyelashes and curled hairs result from tension in the eyes and contraction of the skin. This is due to internal heat and the outward movement of Yin Qi. One must remove the internal heat and Fire pathogens; once the eyelids relax, the hairs will emerge, and the opacity will recede. Use manual manipulation to evert the inner eyelid outward, then quickly perform bloodletting with a three-edged needle. Press the needle tip against the nail of the left hand to achieve immediate cure. Chronic redness and ulceration of the eye socket, commonly called "Red Blindness," should be treated by pricking the exterior of the eye socket with a three-edged needle to drain Damp-Heat and restore health. Liu Shi states: External treatment with needles drains stasis and heat; internal treatment with herbal medicine prevents the root cause. Hordeolum externum (Stye), identified by fine red spots on the back resembling sores, heals immediately when pricked with a needle. This resolves the stagnant heat of the Taiyang meridian.