。挽上臂。令取穴灸之。又当灸脐下气海、丹田、关元、中极四穴中取一穴。又灸足三里以
引火气。实下。主无所不疗。羸瘦虚损。传尸骨蒸。梦中失精。上气咳逆。发狂健忘。痰病
。左传。成公十年。晋侯有疾。求医于秦。秦使医缓（秦医名缓）为之。未至。公梦疾为二竖
子曰。彼良医也。惧伤我。焉逃之。其一曰。居肓之上。膏之下。若我何。医至曰。疾不可
为也。在肓之上。膏之下。攻之不可。达之不及。药不至焉。不可为也。公曰。良医也。浓
为之礼而归之。孙思邈曰。时人拙。不能得此穴。所以宿 难遣。若能用心方便。求得灸之
。无疾不愈矣。
按先儒谓左氏失之诬。其所载固未足信。而思邈所讥。恐未中理。何者。如使天下无不
可医
之论有为而发也。又按肓、鬲也。心下为膏。又曰。凝者为脂。释者为膏。又曰。膏、连心
脂膏也。
杨文懿文集云。周官论医事。以十全为上。失一二三为次之。十失四为下。吾尝疑之。
夫疾
者三四。则皆失之矣。果孰为上下乎。
神堂 五椎下。两旁相去脊中各三寸陷中。正坐取之。铜人。针三分。灸五壮。明堂。
灸
肩膊内廉。侠六椎下。两旁相去脊中各三寸。正坐取之。以手重按病患。言
应手
风汗不出。劳损不得卧。温疟寒疟。背闷气满。腹胀气眩。胸中痛引腰背。腋拘胁痛。目眩
目痛。鼻衄喘逆。臂膊内廉痛。不得俯仰。小儿食时头痛。五心热。
鬲关 七椎下。两旁相去脊中行各三寸陷中。正坐开肩取之。铜人。针五分。灸三壮。
主背痛恶寒。脊强俯仰难。食饮不下。呕哕多涎唾。胸中噎闷。大便不节。小便黄。
魂门 九椎下。两旁相去脊中各三寸陷中。正坐取之。外台云十椎下。铜人。针五分。
灸三壮。主尸厥走疰。胸背连心痛。食饮不下。腹中雷鸣。大便不节。小便赤黄。
阳纲 十椎下两旁相去脊中行各三寸。正坐开肩取之。外台云十一椎下。铜人。针五分
。灸
。不嗜食。怠惰。
意舍 十一椎下。两旁相去脊中各三寸。正坐取之。外台云九椎下。铜人。针五分。灸
五十
胀。大便滑泄。小便赤黄。背痛恶风寒。食饮不下。呕吐。消渴。身热目黄。
胃仓 十二椎下。两旁相去脊中各三寸。正坐取之。铜人。针五分。灸五十壮。甲乙。
三壮。主腹满虚胀。水肿。食饮不下。恶寒。背脊痛。不得俯仰。
肓门 十三椎下。两旁相去脊中行各三寸陷中叉肋间。与鸠尾相直。正坐取之。铜人。
灸三十壮。针五分。又云。灸二壮。主心下痛。大便坚。妇人乳疾。
志室 十四椎下。两旁相去脊中行各三寸陷中。正坐取之。铜人。针五分。灸三壮。明
堂。
逆。两胁急痛。霍乱。
胞肓 十九椎下。两旁相去脊中行各三寸陷中。伏而取之。铜人。针五分。灸五七壮。
明堂
肿。
秩边 二十椎下。两旁相去脊中行各三寸陷中。伏取之。铜人。针五分。明堂。灸三壮
。针三分。主五痔发肿。小便赤。腰痛。
或曰。太阳膀胱行背第二行。自大杼至白环俞十七穴。云第几椎下。两旁相去各一寸半
。第
不应。太近椎也。曰旁者。指第二第三行 穴。皆在脊之旁也。按滑氏云。自大杼至白环诸
穴。并第二行相去脊中各一寸五分。歌云。自从大杼至白环。相去脊中三寸间。夫既曰脊中
。则自脊骨中间量取。而非骨外量取明矣。又按背部穴共五行。督脉在中。太阳经四行在两
旁。其穴又皆揣摩脊骨。各开取之。如瘦人骨露易取。肥人脊隐难摸。取穴多不得其真。须
先将瘦人量取定。将瘦人同身尺寸。自某处起至本处是穴。然后将肥人同身尺寸若干。亦自
某处起量至某处是穴。假如取膏肓穴。先将瘦人揣摸。得四椎下五椎上。用墨点记。却将稻
秆心一条。自结喉下围转到墨点处。截断稻秆两头。用瘦人中指两文角寸法。量得此稻秆二
十一寸强。又别将稻秆一条。量取肥人中指节两文头寸法。二十一寸强截断。自肥人结喉下
围量至稻秆并头尽处。用墨点记。即是膏肓矣。余仿此。或曰。素问论五脏俞。灸之则可。
刺之则不可。故王焘亦以针能杀生人。不能起死人。取灸而不取针。盖亦有所据也。而铜人
、明堂、千金诸书。于五脏俞穴。针灸并载何如。曰。按素问血气形志论及遗篇俱论脏俞刺法
。以是知素问非成于一人之手也。如背俞止针三四分。汉书所载魏、樊阿得针法于华佗。其
刺胸背。深入二三寸。巨阙、藏俞乃五寸。而病皆瘳。是又不以绳墨拘也。
合阳 膝约纹中央下三寸。铜人。针六分。灸五壮。主腰脊强引腹痛。阴股热。 酸肿
。步履难。寒疝阴偏痛。女子崩中带下。
承筋（一名 肠 一名直肠） 肠中央陷中。胫后从脚跟上七寸。铜人。灸三壮。禁针
。明
疮。胫痹不仁。 酸。脚急跟痛。腰痛。鼻鼽衄。霍乱转筋。
承山（一名鱼腹 一名肉柱 一名伤山） 兑 肠下分肉间陷中。一云腿肚下分肉间。针
经云
。灸一壮。针七分。明堂。针八分。得气即泻。速出针。灸不及针。止七七壮。下经。灸五
壮。主大便不通。转筋。痔肿。战栗不能立。香港脚。膝肿。胫酸脚跟痛。筋急痛。香港脚膝下
肿。霍乱。急食不通。伤寒水结。
飞扬（一名厥阳） 外踝骨上七寸。足太阳络脉。别走少阴。铜人。针三分。灸三壮。明
堂。
能屈伸。目眩目痛。历节风。逆气。癫疾。寒疟。实则鼽窒。头背痛。泻之。虚则鼽衄。补之
。
附阳 外踝上三寸。太阳前。少阳后。筋骨之间。阳跷脉 。素注。针六分。留七呼。
灸三
。头重 痛。时有寒热。四肢不举。
昆仑 足外踝后跟骨上陷中。细脉动应手。足太阳膀胱脉所行为经。火。素注。针五分
。留
结。踝如裂。头痛肩背拘急。咳喘满。腰脊内引痛。伛偻。阴肿痛。目眩。目痛如脱。疟多
汗。心痛与背相接。妇人字难。包衣不出。小儿发痫螈 。东垣曰。针经云上气不足。脑为
之不满。耳为之苦鸣。头为之倾。目为之瞑。中气不足。溲便为之变。肠为之苦鸣。下气不
足。则为痿厥心 。补足外踝。留之。
仆参（一名安邪） 足跟骨下陷中。拱足得之。阳跷之本。铜人。针三分。灸七壮。明堂
。三
气膝肿。
申脉（即阳跷） 外踝下五分陷中。容爪甲白肉际。阳跷脉所出。铜人。针三分。素注。
留七
中。劳极。冷气逆气。腰髋冷痹。脚膝屈伸难。妇人血气痛。洁古曰。痫病昼发。灸阳跷。
金门（一名梁关） 外踝下。申脉下一寸。足太阳 。阳维别属。铜人。针一分。灸三壮
。主霍乱转筋。尸厥癫痫。暴疝。膝 酸。身战不能久立。小儿张口摇头。身反折。
京骨 足外侧大骨下。赤白肉际陷中。按而得之。小指本节后。大骨名京骨。其穴在骨
下。
。三壮。主头痛如破。腰痛不可屈伸。身后痛身侧痛。目内 赤烂。白翳侠内 起。目反白
。目眩。发疟寒热。喜惊。不欲食。筋挛。足 痛。髀枢痛。颈项强。腰背不可俯仰。伛偻
。鼻鼽不止。心痛。
束骨 足小指外侧本节后。赤白肉际陷中。足太阳脉所注为俞。木。膀胱实。泻之。铜
人。
囟项痛。目眩身热。目黄泪出。肌肉动。项强不可回顾。目内 赤烂。肠 。泄。痔。疟。
癫狂。发背痈疽。背生疔疮。
通谷 足小指外侧本节前陷中。足太阳脉所溜为荥水。铜人。针二分。留五呼。灸三壮。主
头重目眩。善惊。引鼽衄。项痛。目KT KT 。留饮胸满。食不化。失欠。东垣曰。胃气下溜。
五脏气乱。在于头。取天柱、大杼。不知。深取通谷、束骨。
至阴 足小指外侧。去爪甲角如韭叶。足太阳脉所出为井。金。膀胱虚。补之。铜人。
针二分
胁痛无常处。转筋。寒疟。汗不出。烦心。足下热。小便不利。失精。目痛。大 痛。太阳
根结篇云。太阳根于至阴。结于命门。命门者。目也。
挽起上臂，令患者取穴并施灸。另外应当灸脐下的气海、丹田、关元、中极这四个穴位中的一个。再灸足三里以引导火气下行，充实下部，主治无所不疗。适用于身体消瘦虚弱亏损、传尸骨蒸（一种慢性消耗性疾病，表现为骨蒸潮热）、梦中遗精、气逆咳嗽、发狂健忘、痰病等症。
《左传》记载：鲁成公十年，晋侯生病，向秦国求医。秦国派医生缓（秦国有位名叫缓的医生）去诊治。医生还没到，晋侯梦见他的病变成了两个小孩。一个说：“他是良医，怕伤害我们，我们要逃到哪里去呢？”另一个说：“居住在肓之上，膏之下，他能把我们怎么样呢？”医生到了之后说：“这病无法医治了。病在肓之上，膏之下，用攻法不行，用针达不到的地方，药力也达不到，所以无法医治。”晋侯说：“真是位良医啊！”于是厚礼相待并送他回去。孙思邈说：当时的人技艺拙劣，不能找到这个穴位，所以宿疾难以遣除。如果能用心寻找方便的方法，求得艾灸此穴，没有治不好的疾病。
按：先前的儒者认为《左传》失之虚妄，其中所载确实不足为信。但孙思邈所讥讽的，恐怕未必合乎情理。为什么呢？如果说是天下没有不可医的病，这种论调是有其发端的。又按：肓，即膈；心下称为膏。又说：凝固的称为脂，融化的称为膏。又说：膏，是连心的脂膏。
杨文懿文集云：《周礼》论述医事，以十全十美为上等，失误一二的为次等，失误四次的为下等。我曾经对此感到疑惑。如果疾病只有三四个，那么都算是失误了，究竟谁算上等谁算下等呢？
神堂穴：第五椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。正坐取穴。《铜人腧穴针灸图经》载：针三分，灸五壮。《明堂》载：灸肩膊内侧，夹持第六椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸。正坐取穴。用手重按患者，感觉应手。主治汗不出，劳损导致无法平卧，温疟寒疟，背部闷胀气满，腹胀气眩，胸中痛牵引腰背，腋下拘挛胁痛，目眩目痛，鼻衄喘逆，臂膊内侧痛，不能俯仰，小儿进食时头痛，五心烦热。
鬲关穴：第七椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。正坐张开肩膀取穴。《铜人》载：针五分，灸三壮。主治背痛恶寒，脊强俯仰困难，饮食不下，呕吐哕逆多涎唾，胸中噎闷，大便失禁，小便黄。
魂门穴：第九椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。正坐取穴。《外台秘要》云在第十椎棘突下。《铜人》载：针五分，灸三壮。主治尸厥走疰，胸背连心痛，饮食不下，腹中雷鸣，大便失禁，小便赤黄。
阳纲穴：第十椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸。正坐张开肩膀取穴。《外台秘要》云在第十一椎棘突下。《铜人》载：针五分，灸……（原文此处似有缺漏，依上下文推测为灸若干壮），主食欲不振，怠惰乏力。
意舍穴：第十一椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸。正坐取穴。《外台秘要》云在第九椎棘突下。《铜人》载：针五分，灸五十壮。主治腹胀，大便滑泄，小便赤黄，背痛恶风寒，饮食不下，呕吐，消渴，身热目黄。
胃仓穴：第十二椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸。正坐取穴。《铜人》载：针五分，灸五十壮。《甲乙经》载：灸三壮。主治腹部胀满虚胀，水肿，饮食不下，恶寒，背脊痛，不能俯仰。
肓门穴：第十三椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处，位于叉肋间，与鸠尾穴相对。正坐取穴。《铜人》载：灸三十壮，针五分。又说：灸二壮。主治心下痛，大便坚硬，妇人乳房疾病。
志室穴：第十四椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。正坐取穴。《铜人》载：针五分，灸三壮。《明堂》载：主治气逆，两胁急痛，霍乱。
胞肓穴：第十九椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。伏卧取穴。《铜人》载：针五分，灸五七壮。《明堂》载：主治……（原文此处似有缺漏，结合下文可能指肿胀等）。
秩边穴：第二十椎棘突下，两旁距离脊柱中线各三寸的凹陷处。伏卧取穴。《铜人》载：针五分。《明堂》载：灸三壮，针三分。主治五痔发作肿胀，小便赤，腰痛。
有人说：太阳膀胱经行于背部第二行，自大杼穴至白环俞穴共十七穴，文中说在第几椎棘突下，两旁距离各一寸半，这与实际不符，太靠近椎骨了。回答说：所谓“旁”，是指第二、第三行的穴位，都在脊柱旁边。按：滑伯仁先生云：自大杼至白环俞诸穴，并在第二行，距离脊柱中线各一寸五分。歌诀云：“自从大杼至白环，相去脊中三寸间。”既然说是“脊中”，那就是从脊柱骨中间量取，而不是从骨头外侧量取，这是很明显的。又按：背部穴位共有五行，督脉在中间，太阳经四行在两旁。其穴位都是揣摩脊骨，各自开度取穴。如瘦人骨骼显露容易取穴，肥人脊柱隐蔽难摸，取穴往往不得其真。必须先将瘦人量取确定，用瘦人的同身寸，从某处起至本处是穴，然后将肥人的同身寸若干，也从某处起量至某处是穴。例如取膏肓穴，先将瘦人揣摸，得到第四椎棘突下、第五椎棘突上，用墨点标记。却将稻秆心一条，自结喉下围转到墨点处，截断稻秆两头，用瘦人中指两纹角的寸法，量得此稻秆二十一寸多一点。又另取一条稻秆，量取肥人中指节两纹头的寸法，也是二十一寸多一点截断。从肥人结喉下围量至稻秆并头尽头处，用墨点标记，即是膏肓穴了。其余仿照此法。有人说：《素问》论述五脏俞穴，灸则可以，刺则不可以。所以王焘也说针刺能杀死活人，不能救活死人，只取灸而不取针。这也有一定的依据。但是《铜人》、《明堂》、《千金方》等书，对于五脏俞穴，为什么针灸并载呢？回答说：按《素问·血气形志篇》及遗篇都论述脏俞的刺法，由此可知《素问》并非出自一人之手。如背俞穴只针三四分，《汉书》所载魏武、樊阿从华佗处得到的针法，其刺胸背，深入二三寸，巨阙、藏俞甚至五寸，而病都痊愈了。这又不受规矩限制。
合阳穴：膝腘横纹中央下三寸。《铜人》载：针六分，灸五壮。主治腰脊强直牵引腹痛，阴股发热，酸痛肿胀，步履艰难，寒疝阴偏痛，女子崩中带下。
承筋穴（一名腨肠，一名直肠）：腨肠中央凹陷处。胫后从脚跟上七寸。《铜人》载：灸三壮，禁针。《明堂》载：主治疮疡，胫痹麻木不仁，酸痛，脚急跟痛，腰痛，鼻鼽鼻衄，霍乱转筋。
承山穴（一名鱼腹，一名肉柱，一名伤山）：腨肠下分肉间凹陷处。一说腿肚下分肉间。《针经》云：灸一壮，针七分。《明堂》载：针八分，得气即泻，速出针。灸不及针，止七七壮。《下经》载：灸五壮。主治大便不通，转筋，痔肿，战栗不能站立，香港脚（脚气病），膝肿，胫酸脚跟痛，筋急痛，香港脚膝下肿，霍乱，急食不通，伤寒水结。
飞扬穴（一名厥阳）：外踝骨上七寸。足太阳络脉，别走少阴。《铜人》载：针三分，灸三壮。《明堂》载：主治……（原文此处似有缺漏，结合下文可能指肢体活动或疼痛），能屈伸，目眩目痛，历节风，逆气，癫疾，寒疟。实则鼻渊鼻塞，头背痛，泻之；虚则鼻衄，补之。
附阳穴：外踝上三寸。太阳经前，少阳经后，筋骨之间。阳跷脉郄穴。《素注》载：针六分，留七呼，灸三壮。主治头重痛，时有寒热，四肢不能抬起。
昆仑穴：足外踝后跟骨上凹陷处，细脉跳动应手。足太阳膀胱脉所行为经穴，属火。《素注》载：针五分，留……（原文此处似有缺漏，通常留针时间），主治……（原文此处似有缺漏，结合下文可能指关节或疼痛），结，踝如裂，头痛肩背拘急，咳喘满，腰脊内引痛，伛偻，阴肿痛，目眩，目痛如脱，疟多汗，心痛与背相接，妇人难产，胎盘不出，小儿发痫抽搐。东垣曰：《针经》云上气不足，脑为之不满，耳为之苦鸣，头为之倾，目为之瞑。中气不足，溲便为之变，肠为之苦鸣。下气不足，则为痿厥心悗。补足外踝，留之。
仆参穴（一名安邪）：足跟骨下凹陷处，拱足可得。阳跷脉之本。《铜人》载：针三分，灸七壮。《明堂》载：……（原文此处似有缺漏），主治气膝肿。
申脉穴（即阳跷脉所出）：外踝下五分凹陷处，容爪甲白肉际。阳跷脉所出。《铜人》载：针三分。《素注》载：留七呼。主治……（原文此处似有缺漏，结合下文可能指寒热或疼痛），中，劳极，冷气逆气，腰髋冷痹，脚膝屈伸困难，妇人血气痛。洁古曰：痫病昼发，灸阳跷。
金门穴（一名梁关）：外踝下，申脉下一寸。足太阳……（原文此处似有缺漏，应为郄穴）。阳维脉别属。《铜人》载：针一分，灸三壮。主治霍乱转筋，尸厥癫痫，暴疝，膝……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为酸痛），身战不能久立，小儿张口摇头，身反折。
京骨穴：足外侧大骨下，赤白肉际凹陷处，按而得之。小指本节后，大骨名京骨，其穴在骨下。……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为灸若干壮），三壮。主治头痛如破，腰痛不可屈伸，身后痛身侧痛，目内眦赤烂，白翳侠内眦起，目反白，目眩，发疟寒热，喜惊，不欲食，筋挛，足……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为跗痛），髀枢痛，颈项强，腰背不可俯仰，伛偻，鼻鼽不止，心痛。
束骨穴：足小指外侧本节后，赤白肉际凹陷处。足太阳脉所注为俞穴，属木。膀胱实，泻之。《铜人》载：……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为针若干分），囟项痛，目眩身热，目黄泪出，肌肉动，项强不可回顾，目内眦赤烂，肠……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为澼或泄），泄，痔，疟，癫狂，发背痈疽，背生疔疮。
通谷穴：足小指外侧本节前凹陷处。足太阳脉所溜为荥穴，属水。《铜人》载：针二分，留五呼，灸三壮。主治头重目眩，善惊，引鼻鼽衄，项痛，目KT KT（形容视物模糊或流泪），留饮胸满，食不化，失欠（打哈欠）。东垣曰：胃气下溜，五脏气乱，在于头。取天柱、大杼，不知（无效），深取通谷、束骨。
至阴穴：足小指外侧，去爪甲角如韭叶宽。足太阳脉所出为井穴，属金。膀胱虚，补之。《铜人》载：针二分……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为灸若干壮），主治胁痛无常处，转筋，寒疟，汗不出，烦心，足下热，小便不利，失精，目痛，大……（原文此处似有缺漏，可能为腹痛或头痛）。《太阳根结篇》云：太阳根于至阴，结于命门。命门者，目也。
Pull up the upper arm, have the patient assume the position for acupoint selection, and apply moxibustion. Additionally, one should select one of the four acupoints below the umbilicus: Qihai (Sea of Qi), Dantian (Elixir Field), Guanyuan (Gate of Origin), and Zhongji (Central Pole). Then, moxa Zusanli (Leg Three Miles) to guide fire qi downward and tonify the lower body. It is indicated for a wide range of ailments. It is used for emaciation and deficiency depletion, "chuan shi" bone-steaming (a chronic consumptive disease characterized by bone-steaming tidal fever), nocturnal emission, rebellious qi with coughing, mania and forgetfulness, and phlegm disorders.
*Zuo Zhuan* records: In the tenth year of Duke Cheng of Lu, the Marquis of Jin fell ill and sought medical help from Qin. Qin sent Doctor Huan (a physician named Huan from Qin) to treat him. Before the doctor arrived, the Marquis dreamed that his illness had turned into two little boys. One said, "He is a good doctor; he fears hurting us. Where can we flee?" The other said, "We reside above the *huang* (diaphragm area) and below the *gao* (fatty tissue around the heart). What can he do to us?" When the doctor arrived, he said, "This illness cannot be treated. The pathogen is located above the *huang* and below the *gao*. Attack methods are ineffective, needle insertion cannot reach it, and medicinal power cannot arrive there. Therefore, it cannot be treated." The Marquis said, "Truly a good doctor!" He then bestowed rich gifts and sent him back. Sun Simiao said: People of the time were inept and could not locate this acupoint, so old diseases were difficult to dispel. If one applies oneself diligently and conveniently to seek out and moxa this point, no disease will remain uncured.
Note: Earlier Confucian scholars argued that *Zuo Zhuan* was unreliable, and its records are indeed questionable. However, Sun Simiao's criticism may not have been entirely justified. Why? If the statement "there is no disease in the world that cannot be cured" was made with specific intent, it has its context. Furthermore, regarding the location: *Huang* refers to the diaphragm area; the area below the heart is called *Gao*. It is also said that solidified fat is called *Zhi*, and liquefied fat is called *Gao*. Another definition states that *Gao* is the fatty tissue connected to the heart.
Yang Wenyi's Collected Works state: *Rites of Zhou* discusses medical affairs, ranking perfect cures as superior, those with one or two errors as secondary, and those with four errors as inferior. I have always doubted this. If a patient has only three or four illnesses, all would be considered errors. How then can one distinguish between superior and inferior?
Shentang (Divine Hall): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the fifth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume an upright sitting position to locate. *Tongren* (Bronze Statue Manual): Needle 0.3 cun, moxa 5 cones. *Mingtang*: Moxa on the medial aspect of the shoulder and arm, flanking the sixth thoracic vertebra, 3 cun lateral to the spinal midline. Assume an upright sitting position. Press heavily on the patient with your hand until a responsive sensation is felt. Indications: Absence of sweat, inability to lie flat due to overstrain, warm malaria and cold malaria, chest and back oppression with fullness of qi, abdominal distension with dizziness, pain in the chest radiating to the back, spasm and pain in the axilla and hypochondrium, dizziness and pain in the eyes, epistaxis with wheezing, pain on the medial aspect of the arms, inability to flex or extend, headache during eating in children, heat in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest).
Geguan (Diaphragm Pass): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the seventh thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume an upright sitting position with shoulders spread to locate. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 3 cones. Indications: Back pain with aversion to cold, stiffness of the spine making flexion and extension difficult, inability to swallow food and drink, vomiting and belching with excessive saliva, chest obstruction and stuffiness, uncontrolled defecation, yellow urine.
Hunmen (Soul Gate): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the ninth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume an upright sitting position. *Waitai* states it is below the tenth thoracic vertebra. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 3 cones. Indications: Corpse-like fainting and wandering pestilence, chest and back pain connecting to the heart, inability to swallow food and drink, borborygmus in the abdomen, uncontrolled defecation, red-yellow urine.
Yanggang (Sun Beam): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebra. Assume an upright sitting position with shoulders spread. *Waitai* states it is below the eleventh thoracic vertebra. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa [text missing], indications: Lack of appetite, lethargy.
Yishe (Will Residence): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the eleventh thoracic vertebra. Assume an upright sitting position. *Waitai* states it is below the ninth thoracic vertebra. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 50 cones. Indications: Abdominal distension, slippery diarrhea, red-yellow urine, back pain with aversion to wind and cold, inability to swallow food and drink, vomiting, xiao ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), fever with yellow eyes.
Weicang (Stomach Granary): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Assume an upright sitting position. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 50 cones. *Jia Yi Jing*: Moxa 3 cones. Indications: Abdominal fullness and false distension, edema, inability to swallow food and drink, aversion to cold, back and spine pain, inability to flex or extend.
Huangmen (Gate of Huang): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the thirteenth thoracic vertebra, in the depression at the intercostal space, directly opposite Jiutui. Assume an upright sitting position. *Tongren*: Moxa 30 cones, needle 0.5 cun. Also stated: Moxa 2 cones. Indications: Pain below the heart, hard stool, breast diseases in women.
Zhishi (Will Chamber): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the fourteenth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume an upright sitting position. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 3 cones. *Mingtang*: Indications: Rebellious qi, acute pain in both hypochondria, cholera.
Baohuang (Bladder Huang): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the nineteenth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume a prone position to locate. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun, moxa 5-7 cones. *Mingtang*: Indications [text missing, likely swelling].
Zhibian (Rank Edge): Located 3 cun lateral to the midline of the spine, below the spinous process of the twentieth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Assume a prone position. *Tongren*: Needle 0.5 cun. *Mingtang*: Moxa 3 cones, needle 0.3 cun. Indications: Hemorrhoids with swelling, red urine, lower back pain.
Some say: The Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang runs along the second line of the back, consisting of seventeen acupoints from Dazhu to Baihuan Shu. The text mentions distances of 1.5 cun lateral, which seems inconsistent and too close to the vertebrae. The answer is: "Lateral" refers to the second and third lines of acupoints, all located beside the spine. Note: Master Hua (Bo Ren) states that from Dazhu to Baihuan, the acupoints in the second line are 1.5 cun from the spinal midline. The rhyme says: "From Dazhu to Baihuan, they are 3 cun from the spinal midline." Since it says "from the spinal midline," it clearly means measuring from the center of the vertebral column, not from the outer edge of the bone. Furthermore, there are five rows of acupoints on the back: the Du Mai is in the center, and the Taiyang Meridian has four rows on the sides. These points are determined by palpating the vertebrae and measuring laterally. For thin individuals with prominent bones, it is easy to locate; for obese individuals with hidden spines, it is difficult, and errors often occur. One must first measure a thin person accurately using their proportional measurement (cun). Mark the spot from a reference point to the target acupoint. Then, take the proportional measurement of an obese person from the same reference point to determine the corresponding location. For example, to locate Gao Huang: Palpate a thin person to find the space between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebrae and mark it with ink. Take a stalk of rice straw, wrap it from below the larynx to the ink mark, cut it, and measure it against the middle finger knuckle width of the thin person to get slightly over 21 cun. Take another straw, measure it against the middle finger knuckle width of the obese person to get slightly over 21 cun, cut it, and wrap it from the obese person's larynx down to the end of the straw. Mark this spot with ink; this is Gao Huang. Apply this method to others. Some say: *Su Wen* discusses the Back-Shu points of the Five Zang organs, stating they can be moxaed but not needled. Wang Tao also said that needling can kill the living but cannot revive the dead, hence preferring moxibustion over needling. This has some basis. However, why do *Tongren*, *Mingtang*, and *Qian Jin Fang* record both needling and moxibustion for these points? The answer is: *Su Wen* chapters on Blood, Qi, Form, and Will, as well as lost chapters, discuss needling methods for Zang-Shu points. Thus, *Su Wen* was not written by a single author. For instance, Back-Shu points are usually needled only 0.3-0.4 cun deep. However, *Book of Han* records that Wei Wu and Fan A learned needling techniques from Hua Tuo, penetrating the chest and back deeply by 2-3 cun, and even 5 cun for Juque and Zang-Shu points, resulting in cures. This shows that rigid rules do not always apply.
Heyang: Located 3 cun below the central popliteal crease. *Tongren*: Needle 0.6 cun, moxa 5 cones. Indications: Stiffness of the lower back and abdomen with traction pain, heat in the inner thigh, soreness and swelling, difficulty walking, cold hernia with unilateral scrotal pain, uterine bleeding and leukorrhea in women.
Chengjin (also known as Chuanchang or Zhichang): Located in the depression at the center of the calf muscle (gastrocnemius). Seven cun posteriorly on the tibia from the heel. *Tongren*: Moxa 3 cones. **Needling is prohibited.** *Mingtang*: Indications: Sores, numbness and bi-syndrome in the lower leg, soreness, acute foot and heel pain, lower back pain, rhinorrhea and epistaxis, cholera with tendon contraction.
Chengshan (also known as Yufu, Ruzhu, or Shangshan): Located in the depression between the muscle bellies below the calf. Alternatively described as below the gastrocnemius. *Zhen Jing* states: Moxa 1 cone, needle 0.7 cun. *Mingtang*: Needle 0.8 cun; upon obtaining Deqi, reduce immediately and withdraw the needle quickly. Moxibustion is less effective than needling; limit to 49 cones. *Xia Jing*: Moxa 5 cones. Indications: Constipation, tendon contraction, hemorrhoidal swelling, chills and inability to stand, Hong Kong foot (podagra/foot drop), knee swelling, lower leg soreness and heel pain, acute tendon pain, swelling below the knee in Hong Kong foot, cholera, sudden inability to eat, water accumulation in cold damage.
Feiyang (also known as Jueyang): Located 7 cun above the lateral malleolus. It is the Luo-Connecting point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, diverging to the Shaoyin. *Tongren*: Needle 0.3 cun, moxa 3 cones. *Mingtang*: Indications [text missing], ability to flex and extend, dizziness and eye pain, joint wind (rheumatism), rebellious qi, epilepsy, cold malaria. In excess patterns: rhinorrhea and nasal congestion, head and back pain; reduce. In deficiency patterns: epistaxis; tonify.
Fuyang: Located 3 cun above the lateral malleolus, anterior to the Taiyang meridian and posterior to the Shaoyang meridian, between the tendon and bone. It is the Xi-Cleft point of the Yang Qiao Mai. *Su Zhu*: Needle 0.6 cun, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones. Indications: Heavy head and pain, intermittent fever and chills, inability to raise the limbs.
Kunlun: Located in the depression behind the lateral malleolus and above the calcaneus, where the fine pulse beats visibly. It is the Jing-River point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, belonging to Fire. *Su Zhu*: Needle 0.5 cun, retain [text missing]. Indications [text missing], joint locking, ankle cracking sensation, headache with shoulder and back stiffness, coughing and wheezing with chest fullness, internal pulling pain in the lower back and spine, kyphosis, swelling and pain in the genitalia, dizziness, severe eye pain as if falling out, malaria with profuse sweating, heart pain connecting to the back, difficult labor with retained placenta in women, pediatric epilepsy with convulsions. Dong Yuan stated: *Zhen Jing* says when Upper Qi is insufficient, the brain feels empty, ears ring bitterly, the head tilts, and the eyes dim. When Middle Qi is insufficient, urination and defecation change, and the intestines rumble bitterly. When Lower Qi is insufficient, it leads to weakness, coldness, and fullness in the heart. Tonify the lateral malleolus area and retain the needle.
Pushen (also known as Anxie): Located in the depression below the calcaneus, obtained by arching the foot. It is the root of the Yang Qiao Mai. *Tongren*: Needle 0.3 cun, moxa 7 cones. *Mingtang*: Indications [text missing], Qi-related knee swelling.
Shenmai (i.e., outlet of Yang Qiao): Located 0.5 cun below the lateral malleolus, in the depression at the junction of the nail and white flesh. It is the source of the Yang Qiao Mai. *Tongren*: Needle 0.3 cun. *Su Zhu*: Retain for seven breaths. Indications [text missing], exhaustion, cold qi and rebellious qi, cold bi-syndrome in the waist and hip, difficulty flexing and extending the feet and knees, blood and qi pain in women. Jie Gu stated: For epilepsy occurring during the day, moxa the Yang Qiao.
Jinmen (also known as Liangguan): Located below the lateral malleolus, 1 cun below Shenmai. It is the Xi-Cleft point of the Foot-Taiyang [Meridian]. It belongs to the Yang Wei Mai. *Tongren*: Needle 0.1 cun, moxa 3 cones. Indications: Cholera with tendon contraction, corpse-like fainting and epilepsy, acute hernia, knee [soreness], trembling body unable to stand for long periods, infants opening mouth and shaking head, opisthotonos.
Jinggu: Located below the large bone on the lateral side of the foot, in the depression at the junction of red and white skin, palpable. Posterior to the base of the little toe. The large bone is named Jinggu, and the acupoint is below it. [Text missing, likely moxa amount], 3 cones. Indications: Headache as if splitting, lower back pain with inability to flex or extend, pain in the posterior and lateral body, redness and ulceration of the inner canthus, leukoma arising from the inner canthus, reversal of the pupil, dizziness, malaria with chills and fever, fear of surprise, loss of appetite, tendon spasms, foot [dorsum] pain, hip joint pain, stiff neck, inability to flex or extend the lower back and back, kyphosis, persistent rhinorrhea, heart pain.
Shugu: Located in the depression at the junction of red and white skin, posterior to the base of the little toe on the lateral side. It is the Shu-Stream point of the Foot-Taiyang Meridian, belonging to Wood. For Bladder Excess, reduce. *Tongren*: [Text missing], Indications: Fontanelle and neck pain, dizziness with fever, yellow eyes with tearing, muscle twitching, stiff neck unable to look back, redness and ulceration of the inner canthus, intestinal [dysentery/diarrhea], diarrhea, hemorrhoids, malaria, mania, carbuncles on the back, furuncles on the back.
Tonggu: Located in the depression anterior to the base of the little toe on the lateral side. It is the Ying-Spring point of the Foot-Taiyang Meridian, belonging to Water. *Tongren*: Needle 0.2 cun, retain for five breaths, moxa 3 cones. Indications: Heavy head and dizziness, susceptibility to fright, leading to rhinorrhea and epistaxis, neck pain, blurred vision/tearing, fluid retention with chest fullness, indigestion, yawning. Dong Yuan stated: When Stomach Qi sinks, the Qi of the Five Zang becomes chaotic and rises to the head. If Tianzhu and Dazhu fail, deeply needle Tonggu and Shugu.
Zhiyin: Located on the lateral side of the little toe, about the width of a leek leaf from the corner of the nail. It is the Jing-Well point of the Foot-Taiyang Meridian, belonging to Metal. For Bladder Deficiency, tonify. *Tongren*: Needle 0.2 cun [text missing]. Indications: Variable hypochondriac pain, tendon contraction, cold malaria, absence of sweat, vexation, heat in the soles, dysuria, seminal emission, eye pain, [abdominal/head] pain. *Taiyang Genjie Pian* states: The Taiyang meridian roots at Zhiyin and knots at Mingmen. Mingmen refers to the eyes.