凡灸预却热物服滋肾药及灸选其要穴不可太过恐气血难当灸气海及炼脐不可卧灸素火盛
单灸气海亦必灸三里泻火灸后未发不宜热药已发不宜凉药常须调护脾胃俟其自发不必外用药
物发时或作寒热亦不可妄服药饵落痂后用竹膜纸贴三五日次以麻油米粉煎膏贴之脓多者一日
一易脓少者两日一易使脓出多而疾除也务宜樽节饮食戒生冷油腻鱼虾笋蕨量食牛肉少鸡长肉
时方可量用猪肚老鸭之类谨避四气七情六欲(入门)○灸后忌食猪鱼酒面动风生冷等物鸡肉最
毒而房劳尤甚也○亦忌饮水及将水濯手足(资生)
内经言针而不灸灸而不针庸医针而复灸灸而复针后之医者不明轩岐之道针而复灸灸而复
有之殊不知书中所言某穴在某处或针几分或灸几壮此言若用针当用几分若用灸当用几壮谓其
穴灸者不可复针针者不可复灸矣今之医者凡灸必先灸三壮乃用针复灸数壮谓之透火艾之说是
不识书中轩岐之旨也(神应)○昔宏纲先生尝言惟腹上用针随灸数壮以固其穴他处忌之云此亦
医家权变之说也(神应)○问针经云(即灵枢经也)针几分灸几壮针讫而后灸何也曰针则针灸则
灸若针而不灸若灸而不针(纲目)○灸而勿针针而勿灸针经为此常丁宁庸医针灸一齐用徒施患
者炮烙刑(入门)
帝问曰针石火 之痛何如少俞曰人之骨强筋弱肉缓皮肤浓者耐痛帝曰其耐火 者何以知
之少
俞曰加以黑色而美骨者耐火 帝曰其不耐针石之痛者何以知之少俞日坚肉薄皮者不耐针石之
痛也(灵枢)
凡是施灸之前,应当先清除热物,服用滋补肾阴的药物,并且选取关键穴位进行施灸,不可过度,恐怕气血难以承受。施灸气海穴及炼脐法时,不可采用卧灸法。素来火气旺盛者,如果单独灸气海穴,也必须配合灸足三里穴以泻火。在灸后症状未发作时,不宜服用热性药物;症状已发作时,不宜服用凉性药物。平时必须调理护养脾胃,等待其自行发作,不必使用外用药。发作时如果出现寒热交替的症状,也不可胡乱服药。痂皮脱落后,用竹膜纸贴敷三至五日,随后用麻油和米粉煎制的膏药贴敷。脓液多者,每日更换一次;脓液少者,每两日更换一次,以使脓液排出增多而疾病迅速痊愈。务必节制饮食,戒除生冷、油腻、鱼虾、笋蕨等食物,牛肉要少量食用,鸡肉长肉时可酌情使用猪肚、老鸭之类。谨避四气(风、寒、暑、湿)、七情(喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊)和六欲。
灸后忌食猪肉、鱼类、酒类、面食等动风之物,以及生冷食物。鸡肉毒性最大,房事劳损尤为严重。同时也忌讳饮水,以及用水清洗手足。
《内经》中说:“只针刺不艾灸,或只艾灸不针刺。”庸医却既针刺又艾灸,既艾灸又针刺。后世的医生不明白黄帝岐伯的医学道理,出现既针刺又艾灸、既艾灸又针刺的情况。殊不知书中所说的“某穴在某处,或针几分,或灸几壮”,意思是如果用针刺,应当用几分深;如果用艾灸,应当灸几壮。那些说某个穴位只能灸不能针,或者只能针不能灸的说法,是指该穴位若用针则不可再灸,若用灸则不可再针。现在的医生,凡是施灸必定先灸三壮,然后才用针,接着再灸几壮,称之为“透火艾”之说,这是不认识书中黄帝岐伯的宗旨。
从前宏纲先生曾经说:只有在腹部用针时,随灸几壮以固定穴位,其他部位忌讳这样做。这也是医生权宜变通的说法。
问:《针经》(即《灵枢经》)中说:“针几分,灸几壮,针毕而后灸”,为什么呢?回答说:用针就只用针,用灸就只用灸。如果是针而不灸,或者是灸而不针。
灸而勿针,针而勿灸,《针经》为此常常叮咛告诫。庸医针灸一齐使用,白白让患者遭受炮烙般的刑罚。
黄帝问道:针刺和火熨的疼痛程度如何?少俞回答说:人的骨骼强壮、筋脉柔弱、肌肉松弛、皮肤厚实的人,耐受疼痛。黄帝问:怎样知道他们耐火熨呢?少俞回答说:加上肤色黑且骨骼美观的人,耐火熨。黄帝问:怎样知道他们不耐受针刺和砭石的疼痛呢?少俞说:肌肉坚实、皮肤薄的人,不耐受针刺和砭石的疼痛。
Before moxibustion, one should first remove heat-inducing items, administer kidney-nourishing herbs, and select key acupoints for treatment. The dosage must not be excessive, lest the Qi and Blood be unable to withstand it. When applying moxibustion to Qihai (CV6) or performing navel-moxibustion (Lianqi), lying-down moxibustion (Wojiu) is contraindicated. For individuals with inherent excess fire, if only Qihai (CV6) is moxibusted, Zusanli (ST36) must also be treated to drain the fire. After moxibustion, before symptoms manifest, hot-natured medicines should be avoided; after symptoms have manifested, cold-natured medicines should be avoided. One must constantly regulate and protect the Spleen and Stomach, waiting for spontaneous manifestation, without resorting to external medications. If chills and fever occur during manifestation, do not indiscriminately administer oral medicines. After the scab falls off, apply bamboo membrane paper for three to five days, followed by a paste made from sesame oil and rice flour. If there is abundant pus, change the dressing daily; if sparse, change it every two days, to promote pus discharge and hasten recovery. Diet must be regulated: avoid raw, cold, greasy foods, fish, shrimp, bamboo shoots, and ferns. Beef should be consumed sparingly; pork stomach and old duck may be used moderately when nourishing flesh. Strictly avoid the Four Qi (Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness), Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Overthinking, Grief, Fear, Fright), and Six Desires.
After moxibustion, avoid consuming pork, fish, alcohol, wheat products, and other wind-stirring foods, as well as raw and cold items. Chicken is considered most toxic, and sexual exhaustion is particularly harmful. Drinking water and washing hands/feet with water are also contraindicated.
The *Neijing* states: "Acupuncture without moxibustion, or moxibustion without acupuncture." Quack doctors, however, combine both. Later physicians, unaware of the Dao of Huangdi and Qibo, practice both interchangeably. They fail to understand that when texts say "a certain point at a certain location, needle a few fen, or moxa a few zhuang," it means if acupuncture is used, determine the depth in fen; if moxibustion is used, determine the number of zhuang. It implies that for points designated for moxibustion, acupuncture should not be added, and vice versa. Modern practitioners, upon deciding to moxa, often start with three zhuang, then needle, then moxa again, calling this "penetrating fire moxa" (Touhuo Ai). This demonstrates ignorance of the principles of Huangdi and Qibo.
Mr. Honggang once stated: Only on the abdomen, after needling, should a few zhuang of moxa be applied to secure the point; this is contraindicated elsewhere. This is also a pragmatic variation among physicians.
Question: The *Zhenjing* (i.e., *Lingshu Jing*) says, "Needle a few fen, moxa a few zhuang, moxa after needling." Why? Answer: Use acupuncture alone or moxibustion alone. Do not mix them arbitrarily.
"Moxa but do not needle, needle but do not moxa." The *Zhenjing* frequently admonishes this. Quacks using both simultaneously subject patients to torture akin to branding.
The Yellow Emperor asked: How does the pain of needles and fire compare? Shaoyu replied: Those with strong bones, weak sinews, loose muscles, and thick skin endure pain well. The Yellow Emperor asked: How do we know who endures fire? Shaoyu replied: Those with dark complexion and beautiful bone structure endure fire. The Yellow Emperor asked: How do we know who cannot endure the pain of needles and stone lancets? Shaoyu said: Those with firm muscles and thin skin cannot endure the pain of needles and stone lancets.