味辛，性热无毒，入脾胃二经。主风寒客邪在胃。其余与白者同功，而性尤燥急，不及
白蔻有清高之气。
按∶草豆蔻辛温发散，故入脾胃而主风寒。多食大损脾胃，《衍义》谓其虚弱不食者宜
此，恐非，胃火者大忌。
雷公云∶凡使须去蒂并向里子后，取皮，用茱萸同于锅上缓炒，待茱萸微黄黑，即去茱
萸，取草豆蔻皮及子，杵用之。
味辛，性温无毒，入脾胃二经。主疟疾胸腹结滞，呕吐胃经风邪。
按∶草果辛温发散，与草蔻同功，故经络亦同，多食亦损脾胃，虚弱及胃火者亦忌之。
味辛，性温无毒，入心脾膀胱三经。主风寒湿痹，咳逆上气，鬼疰邪气，通九窍明耳
目，坚牙齿，清声音，益心志，除健忘，止霍乱，开烦闷，温心腹，杀诸虫，疗恶疮疥癣。
勿犯铁器，去根毛用，秦皮、秦艽为使，恶地胆、麻黄，忌羊肉、羊血、饴糖，生上一寸九
节者佳。
按∶菖蒲通神明，宜入心经，祛风湿，宜入肺与膀胱，功验虽宏，然主散而不主收，勿
宜久用。
雷公云∶凡使勿用泥菖夏菖，其二件相似，如竹根鞭形，黑气秽味，腥不堪用。凡使采
石上生者，根条嫩黄紧硬节稠，长一寸有九节者是真也，采得后用铜刀刮去黄黑硬节皮一重，
用嫩桑枝
味辛甘，性大热，有大毒，通行诸经。主六腑沉寒，三阳厥逆，症坚积聚，寒湿拘挛，
霍乱转筋，足膝无力，坠胎甚速。择每双重一两者，去皮脐，以姜汁盐水煮数沸，又用黄连
甘草童便合煮一时，于平地上掘坑埋一宿，取出，囫囵晒干用。地胆为使，恶蜈蚣，畏人参、
甘草、黄 、防风、黑豆。
按∶附子为阳中之阳，其性浮而不沉，其用走而不息。故于经络靡所不入，宜致坠胎祛
症积等证者，辛甘大热，能补命门衰败之火，以生脾土，故仲景四逆汤用以回肾气，理中汤
用以补脾，八味丸用以补肾脾。譬如躁悍之将，善用之，奏功甚捷；不善用之，为害非轻。
丹溪以为仲景取其行地黄之滞，而不能有补，则古方用黑附一味，可以回阳，不补而能之乎？
丹溪之言，于理未当，虽然，彼或鉴误用之弊，有激而发尔，如法制之，毒性尽去，且令下
行，若痼冷阳脱，但微炮之。
【草豆蔻】
味道辛，性质热，无毒，归入脾、胃二经。主治风寒外邪客居于胃。其余功效与白豆蔻相同，但药性更加燥烈急迫，不如白豆蔻具有清扬高洁之气。
按语：草豆蔻辛温发散，因此入脾、胃经而主治风寒。多吃会严重损伤脾胃，《衍义》说体虚不想吃饭的人适宜用此药，恐怕不对，胃火旺盛者是大忌。
雷公说：凡是使用草豆蔻，必须去掉蒂和朝向里面的子，只取皮，用吴茱萸一起在锅上慢炒，等到吴茱萸微微变黄黑时，就去掉吴茱萸，取出草豆蔻的皮和子，捣碎后使用。
【草果】
味道辛，性质温，无毒，归入脾、胃二经。主治疟疾引起的胸腹气机结滞，以及呕吐等胃经受风邪侵袭的症状。
按语：草果辛温发散，功效与草豆蔻相同，所以归经也相同，多吃也会损伤脾胃，体虚及胃火旺盛者也忌讳使用。
【石菖蒲】
味道辛，性质温，无毒，归入心、脾、膀胱三经。主治风寒湿痹阻，咳嗽气逆，鬼疰（一种传染性或精神类疾病）邪气，通利九窍，使耳目聪明，坚固牙齿，清亮声音，补益心志，消除健忘，止住霍乱，开通烦闷，温暖心腹，杀灭各种寄生虫，治疗恶疮疥癣。
不要接触铁器，去除根部的毛须后使用，以秦皮、秦艽为引经药，畏忌地胆、麻黄，禁忌羊肉、羊血、饴糖，生长在上方有一寸长且具九节的为佳。
按语：菖蒲能通利神明，适宜入心经；祛风湿，适宜入肺与膀胱经。虽然功效显著，但它主要主散而不主收，不适宜长期服用。
雷公说：凡是使用菖蒲，不要用泥菖蒲和夏菖蒲，这两种菖蒲外形相似，像竹根鞭一样，带有黑色气体和污秽气味，腥味重不堪使用。凡是使用采自石头上生长的菖蒲，其根条嫩黄紧硬、节密、长一寸有九节的才是真品。采得之后，用铜刀刮去一层黄黑色的硬节皮，用嫩桑枝……（原文此处中断）
【黑附子】
味道辛甘，性质大热，有大毒，通行于各条经络。主治六腑沉寒，三阳经厥逆，症坚积聚，寒湿导致的拘挛，霍乱转筋，足膝无力，堕胎速度极快。选择每双重一两者，去掉皮和脐，用姜汁盐水煮几滚，再用黄连、甘草、童便合煮一个时辰，在平地上挖坑埋藏一夜，取出，完整晒干后使用。以地胆为使药，畏忌蜈蚣，害怕人参、甘草、黄芩、防风、黑豆。
按语：附子是阳中之阳，其性质浮升而不沉降，其作用走窜而不停息。因此在经络中没有不能到达的地方，适宜用于导致堕胎、祛除症积等病症。它辛甘大热，能够补益命门衰败之火，从而生发脾土，所以张仲景的四逆汤用它来回复肾气，理中汤用它来补脾，八味丸用它来补肾脾。譬如性格急躁勇悍的将领，善于使用它，奏效很快；不善于使用它，造成的危害就不轻。朱丹溪认为张仲景用它来行地黄之滞，而没有补益作用，那么古方只用黑附子一味药，就能回阳救逆，难道是不补而能做到的吗？朱丹溪的话，从道理上讲并不恰当，虽然如此，他或许是鉴于误用的弊端，有所激愤而发的言论。如果按照法度炮制，毒性尽去，并且引导药力下行，如果是顽固寒冷阳气脱失之证，只需轻微炮制即可。
[Cao Dou Kou (Rhizoma Kaempferiae Galangalae)]
Taste is pungent, nature is hot, non-toxic, enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. It primarily treats wind-cold pathogenic factors lodging in the Stomach. Its other functions are similar to those of Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), but its nature is more drying and urgent, lacking the clear and lofty qi of Bai Dou Kou.
Commentary: Cao Dou Kou is pungent and warm with dispersing properties, thus entering the Spleen and Stomach to treat wind-cold. Excessive consumption severely damages the Spleen and Stomach. *Yan Yi* states that it is suitable for those who are weak and have no appetite, which is likely incorrect; it is strictly contraindicated for those with Stomach Fire.
Lei Gong says: When using it, one must remove the stem and the inner seeds, taking only the peel. Stir-fry slowly over a pot with Zhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) until the Evodia turns slightly yellow-black, then remove the Evodia. Take the Cao Dou Kou peel and seeds, pound them, and use.
[Guo Guo (Tsaoko Cardamom Fruit)]
Taste is pungent, nature is warm, non-toxic, enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. It primarily treats chest and abdominal stagnation due to malaria, and vomiting caused by wind-pathogens affecting the Stomach meridian.
Commentary: Guo Guo is pungent and warm with dispersing properties, sharing the same function as Cao Dou Kou, hence the same meridians entered. Excessive consumption also damages the Spleen and Stomach; it is contraindicated for those who are weak or have Stomach Fire.
[Shi Chang Pu (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii)]
Taste is pungent, nature is warm, non-toxic, enters the Heart, Spleen, and Bladder meridians. It primarily treats Bi-syndrome due to wind-cold-dampness, cough with rebellious Qi, Gui Zhu (ghostly affliction) pathogenic factors, opens the nine orifices, clarifies hearing and vision, strengthens teeth, clears the voice, benefits the Heart spirit, eliminates forgetfulness, stops Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), relieves irritability and oppression, warms the Heart and abdomen, kills various parasites, and treats malignant sores, scabies, and tinea.
Do not allow contact with iron vessels. Remove root hairs before use. Qin Pi (Cortex Fraxini) and Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae) serve as guiding herbs. It is incompatible with Di Dan (Radix Bupleuri? Note: Context implies specific herb, likely distinct from standard Bupleurum) and Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba). Contraindicated with mutton, sheep blood, and Yitang (Maltose). The best quality grows above ground with one cun length containing nine nodes.
Commentary: Shi Chang Pu can open and illuminate the Spirit, making it suitable for the Heart meridian; dispelling wind-dampness makes it suitable for the Lung and Bladder meridians. Although its efficacy is profound, it primarily disperses rather than consolidates, so it is not suitable for long-term use.
Lei Gong says: Do not use Ni Chang Pu (Mud Acorus) or Xia Chang Pu (Summer Acorus); these two resemble each other, looking like bamboo root whips, possessing blackish gas and foul odor, and are too fishy to be usable. For authentic Shi Chang Pu harvested from rocks, the roots should be tender yellow, tight and hard, with dense nodes, one cun long with nine nodes. After harvesting, scrape off one layer of yellow-black hard node skin with a copper knife, and use fresh mulberry branches... [Text cuts off here]
[Hei Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)]
Taste is pungent and sweet, nature is extremely hot, highly toxic, circulating through all meridians. It primarily treats deep cold in the Six Fu organs, Jue-ni (reversal cold) of the Three Yang meridians, fixed masses and accumulations, spasms due to cold-dampness, Huoluan with muscle cramps, weakness in feet and knees, and causes abortion very rapidly. Select pieces weighing one liang per pair. Remove the peel and navel. Boil several times in ginger juice and salt water. Then boil for one shichen (two hours) with Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Tongbian (Infans Urine). Dig a pit on level ground, bury overnight, take out, dry whole, and use. Di Dan serves as an assistant herb. It is incompatible with Wugong (Scolopendra). It fears Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Heidou (Sojae Semen Nigrum).
Commentary: Fu Zi is yang within yang. Its nature floats and does not sink; its action moves and never ceases. Thus, it penetrates every part of the meridians. It is suitable for conditions requiring expulsion of abortion-inducing factors or resolving fixed masses. Being pungent, sweet, and extremely hot, it can tonify the failing fire of the Mingmen (Gate of Life) to generate Spleen Earth. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing uses it in Si Ni Tang (Four Reversals Decoction) to restore Kidney Qi, in Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) to tonify the Spleen, and in Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) to tonify the Kidney and Spleen. It is like a rash and fierce general: if used well, it achieves swift results; if used poorly, the harm is severe. Zhu Danxi argued that Zhang Zhongjing used it to move the stagnation of Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) without providing tonification. If ancient formulas used only Hei Fu Zi to restore Yang, could it do so without tonifying? Zhu Danxi's statement is theoretically inappropriate. However, his words may have been provoked by observing the harms of misuse. If processed according to proper methods, the toxicity is eliminated, and the action is directed downward. For cases of stubborn cold and Yang collapse, slight processing suffices.