雷公云∶凡使,采后,净拣择了,蒸,从午至酉,出,日干,于木臼中,舂令皮上刺尽
,用酒拌,再蒸,从午至酉,出,日干用。
雷公云∶凡使,勿用木耆草,真相似,只是生时叶短并根横。
凡修事,先须去头上皱皮,了,蒸半日,出,后用手擘令细,于槐砧上锉用。
雷公云∶凡使,先须用清酒浸一宿,至明,以棕刷刷去沙土、浮甲尽,劈破中心,去白
膜一重,如竹丝草样是,此偏隔人心前气不散,令人上气不出。
凡使用,先须酒浸,并刷草了,却,蒸,从午至酉,出,又用酥炙得所。
雷公云∶凡使,勿用松黄并黄蒿。其二件全似,只是味 及吐人。
凡欲使蒲黄,须隔三重纸焙令色黄,蒸半日,却,焙令干用之妙。
雷公云∶凡使,勿用草茆根,缘真似续断,若误用,服之令人筋软。
凡采得后,横切,锉之,又去向里硬筋,了,用酒浸一伏时,焙干用。
雷公云∶凡使,勿用独漏,缘似漏芦,只是味苦、酸。误服,令人吐不止,须细验。
夫使漏芦,细锉,拌生甘草相对蒸,从巳至申,去甘草,净拣用。
雷公云∶今蔷薇也。
凡采得,去根,并用粗布拭黄毛,了,用刀于槐砧上细锉,用浆水拌令湿,蒸一宿至明
,出,日干用。
雷公云∶凡使,勿用赤柳草根,真似茜根,只是味酸涩,不入药中用。若服,令人患内
障眼,速服甘草水解之,即毒瓦斯散。
凡使茜根,用铜刀于槐砧上锉,日干。
勿犯铁并铅。
雷公说:凡是使用蒺藜子,采收之后,先进行净选和拣择,然后进行蒸制,从午时到酉时,取出后在阳光下晒干,放入木臼中捣舂,直到果皮上的刺全部去除,再用酒拌润,再次蒸制,从午时到酉时,取出后在阳光下晒干备用。
雷公说:凡是使用蒲黄,不要使用木耆草,因为两者外观非常相似,只是生长时的叶片较短且根部横向生长。凡是需要炮制时,必须先去掉头部的皱皮,然后蒸半个时辰,取出后用手掰成细碎状,在槐木砧板上切碎使用。
雷公说:凡是使用续断,必须先用清水酒浸泡一整夜,第二天早晨,用棕刷刷去沙土和表面的浮甲(外皮),劈开中心,去掉一层白色的膜,这种膜像竹丝草的样子,如果不去除,会阻碍心前之气不散,导致人气逆上冲无法呼出。凡是要使用时,先用酒浸泡,并刷洗干净,然后再蒸制,从午时到酉时,取出后,再用酥油炙烤至适宜程度。
雷公说:凡是使用漏芦,不要使用松黄和黄蒿。这两种植物看起来完全相似,只是味道不同以及会引起呕吐。凡是要使用蒲黄(注:此处原文可能有误,根据上下文“味及吐人”及前文对蒲黄的描述,此处疑为混淆或特指某类易混品,但依原文直译),必须隔三层纸焙烤至颜色变黄,再蒸半个时辰,然后焙干使用效果更佳。
雷公说:凡是使用续断(注:此处原文语境似指另一种易混草药,因前文已述续断,此处言勿用草茆根,缘真似续断,故推测此段主体为草茆根或泛指需鉴别之品,但按实体提取规则,仅提取明确出现的药材名,此处主要动作对象隐含为被鉴别的伪品或正品的处理,结合下文“横切...锉之”,通常为正品的处理流程,但开头强调“勿用草茆根”,故此处逻辑为:若要使用正品,需注意勿用草茆根;若指草茆根的处理则与“令人筋软”矛盾,故理解为对疑似续断的草茆根的警示及对正品续断处理的补充或另一药品的处理。鉴于原文结构,“凡使...勿用...若误用...”,后半部分“凡采得后...”通常接正品的处理。但此处未明示主语。根据《雷公炮炙论》惯例,每段讲一味药。前一段讲续断,这一段开头说勿用草茆根,因其似续断。那么这段的主体是谁?通常是紧接上一味药或者新起一味药。看下一段“雷公云...勿用独漏...缘似漏芦”,说明每段开头是警示伪品,中间是正品处理。但这段没有明确说“凡使XX”。不过根据“横切...锉之...酒浸...焙干”,这是典型的根茎类药材处理。考虑到前文已讲过续断,且草茆根似续断,这段很可能是在讲如何正确处理真正的续断以区别于草茆根,或者是讲另一种药。但在缺乏明确主语的情况下,我们翻译其字面意思:采收后,横着切开,切碎,去掉里面的硬筋,用酒浸泡一个时辰(伏时),焙干使用。
雷公说:凡是使用漏芦,不要使用独漏,因为它看起来像漏芦,只是味道苦、酸。如果误服,会导致人不停呕吐,必须仔细检验。凡是要使用漏芦,将其细细切碎,拌入生甘草相对蒸制,从巳时到申时,去掉甘草,净选后使用。
雷公说:现在讲的是蔷薇。凡是采收后,去掉根部,并用粗布擦拭掉黄色的绒毛,然后用刀在槐木砧板上细细切碎,用浆水拌湿,蒸一整夜直到第二天早晨,取出后在阳光下晒干使用。
雷公说:凡是使用茜根,不要使用赤柳草根,因为它们看起来非常像茜根,只是味道酸涩,不能入药。如果服用,会让人患上内障眼病,迅速服用甘草水解解毒,毒气就会消散。凡是要使用茜根,用铜刀在槐木砧板上切碎,在阳光下晒干。不要接触铁器和铅。
Lei Gong said: Whenever using Tribulus Fructus (Jili Zi, 蒺藜子), after harvesting, first perform cleaning and selection. Then steam it from Wu hour (11:00-13:00) to You hour (17:00-19:00). Take it out and dry it in the sun. Place it in a wooden mortar and pound it until all thorns on the skin are removed. Mix with wine, steam again from Wu hour to You hour, take out, and dry in the sun for use.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using Pollen Typhae (Puhuang, 蒲黄), do not use Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma (Muxu Cao, 木耆草), as they look very similar; the difference lies in the shorter leaves and horizontal roots when growing. For processing, first remove the wrinkled skin at the top, then steam for half a day (or half a shichen). Take out, break into fine pieces by hand, and chop finely on a locust wood cutting board for use.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using Dipsaci Radix (Xuduan, 续断), first soak in clear wine overnight. At dawn, brush off sand, soil, and floating epidermis with a palm fiber brush. Split the center and remove one layer of white membrane, which resembles bamboo silk grass. If not removed, it may obstruct the Qi in front of the heart, causing rebellious Qi that cannot be exhaled. For use, first soak in wine, brush clean, then steam from Wu hour to You hour. Take out, and roast with butter (Su, 酥) to the appropriate degree.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using [Herb Name Implied/Contextual], do not use Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Songhuang, 松黄 - note: likely refers to a specific local herb or typo for another substance resembling Puhuang) and Artemisia scoparia (Huanghao, 黄蒿). These two resemble each other completely, differing only in taste and their ability to induce vomiting. To use Puhuang (Pollen Typhae), bake it through three layers of paper until yellow, steam for half a day, then bake until dry for optimal effect.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using [Herb Name Implied/Contextual], do not use Imperatae Rhizoma (Caomao Gen, 草茆根), because it truly resembles Dipsaci Radix (Xuduan). If mistakenly used, it will cause softness of the tendons. After harvesting, slice horizontally, chop, remove the hard fibers inside, soak in wine for one fushi (a period of time), and bake dry for use.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using Euphorbiae Humifusae Radix (Loushu, 漏芦), do not use [Herb Name: Dulou, 独漏], because it resembles Loushu but has a bitter and sour taste. Accidental ingestion causes continuous vomiting; careful verification is required. To use Loushu, chop finely, mix with raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Sheng Gancao, 生甘草), and steam relative to each other from Si hour (09:00-11:00) to Shen hour (15:00-17:00). Remove the Licorice, select cleanly, and use.
Lei Gong said: This refers to Rosa rugosa (Qiangwei, 蔷薇). After harvesting, remove the roots and wipe off the yellow hairs using coarse cloth. Finely chop on a locust wood cutting board. Moisten with fermented grain water (Jiangshui, 浆水), steam overnight until dawn, take out, and dry in the sun for use.
Lei Gong said: Whenever using Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma (Qian Gen, 茜根), do not use Salix matudanae Radix et Cortex (Chiliugong Cao, 赤柳草根), as they truly resemble Qian Gen but have a sour and astringent taste and are not suitable for medicinal use. Ingestion can cause internal cataracts; quickly administer Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) decoction to detoxify, and the toxic qi will dissipate. To process Qian Gen, chop with a copper knife on a locust wood cutting board and dry in the sun. Do not come into contact with iron or lead.