小儿自弥月而至于三岁，犹未可以诊切，非无脉可诊，盖诊之难，而虚实不易定也。小
儿每怯生人，初见无不啼叫，呼吸先乱，神志仓忙，而迟数大小已失本来之象矣，诊之何益
，不若以指纹之可见者，与面色病候相印证，此亦医中望切两兼之意也。令人抱儿对立于向
光之处，以左手握儿食指，以我右手拇指推儿三关，察其形色，细心体认，亦惟辨其表里寒
热虚实足之矣。世人好异，不从实地用功，以此为浅近之谈，不屑留意，不知临证能辨此六
者，便为至高之手。盖表里清，则知病之在经在府，而汗下无误；寒热明，则知用寒近热，
用热近寒，或寒因寒用，热因热用，因事制宜，用无不当；虚实辨，则知大虚有盛候，大实
有羸状，不为假证眩惑。凡真虚直实易知，假虚假实难辨，真假既明，则无虚虚实实之患。
于此切要关头，不知体会，但以不经之言，欺世诳俗，谓何者为人惊，何者为畜惊，不特欺
人，而且自斯，不特无益治疗，而且误人生命，是谁之咎哉！
\r指纹三关图\pyfxb1.bmp\r
部位未可以定轻重安危，由古有三关之说，姑存之耳。
初起风关证未央，气关纹现急须防。
乍临命位诚危急，射甲通关病势彰。
（纹现风关为病邪初入之象，证尚轻微，体亦未困，治之诚易。纹现气关，邪气正盛，
病已沉重，治之宜速。倘三关通度，纹出命关，则邪气弥漫，充塞经络，为至重之候。设透
关射甲，则邪气无所容，高而不能降，为亢龙有悔之象，治之者切宜留心，慎勿轻视。）
小儿从满一个月到三岁，还不可以进行脉诊，并不是没有脉搏可以诊察，而是因为诊察困难，虚实难以确定。小儿往往害怕陌生人，初次见面无不啼哭叫喊，呼吸先乱，神志惊慌，而脉搏的迟数、大小已经失去了本来的征象了，诊脉有什么益处呢？不如通过观察指纹的可见形态，与面色和病候相互印证，这也是中医中望诊和切诊相结合的意思。让人抱着孩子站在对着光亮的地方，用左手握住孩子的食指，用我右手的拇指推按孩子的三关部位，观察其颜色和形状，细心体会认识，只要能辨别表里、寒热、虚实就足够了。世人喜欢标新立异，不从实际功夫上下功夫，认为这是浅显平常的谈论，不屑于留意，不知道临证时能辨别这六者，就是最高明的医术。因为表里清楚，就知道病在经还是在腑，发汗或攻下就不会出错；寒热明确，就知道该用寒药近热治法，或用热药近寒治法，或者寒因寒用（以寒治寒），热因热用（以热治热），根据具体情况制宜，用药没有不恰当的；虚实辨别清楚，就知道大虚证可能有盛实的假象，大实证可能有羸弱的假象，不被假证迷惑。凡是真虚假实容易知道，真假难辨，真假既已明了，就没有虚虚实实（使虚更虚、实更实）的祸患。在这个关键的关头，如果不知体会，只用不经之谈欺骗世人、迷惑大众，说什么是什么受惊、什么受畜惊，这不仅欺骗别人，而且自欺欺人，不仅对治疗无益，而且误人性命，这是谁的过错呢！
指纹三关图
三关的部位本来不能决定病情的轻重安危，由于古有三关的说法，姑且保留它罢了。
初起风关证未央，气关纹现急须防。
乍临命位诚危急，射甲通关病势彰。
（指纹显现于风关是病邪初入的征象，证候尚轻微，身体也未困顿，治疗确实容易。指纹显现于气关，邪气正盛，病情已沉重，治疗应当迅速。倘若三关通度，指纹透出命关，则邪气弥漫，充塞经络，是极严重的征候。如果透关射甲，则邪气无所容纳，高亢而不能下降，是亢龙有悔（物极必反）的征象，治疗的人务必留心，千万不要轻视。）
From one month to three years of age, infants and young children cannot yet undergo pulse diagnosis. It is not that there is no pulse to diagnose, but rather that diagnosis is difficult, and it is hard to determine deficiency or excess. Children are often afraid of strangers; upon first meeting, they invariably cry and shout, causing their breathing to become chaotic and their spirit agitated. At this point, the slowness or rapidity, and the large or small nature of the pulse have already lost their original characteristics. What is the benefit of diagnosing the pulse? It is better to observe the visible patterns on the fingerprint (fingerprint diagnosis in pediatrics) and corroborate them with facial complexion and clinical manifestations. This also embodies the principle of combining inspection (Wang) and palpation (Qie) in medicine. Have someone hold the child standing facing a light source. Use your left hand to grasp the child's index finger, and use your right thumb to push along the Three Passes (San Guan) of the finger. Observe its color and shape, carefully discerning and recognizing it. Merely distinguishing between exterior and interior, cold and heat, and deficiency and excess is sufficient. People nowadays like to seek novelty and do not exert effort in practical work, regarding this as trivial talk and disdainful of paying attention to it. They do not know that being able to distinguish these six aspects during clinical practice constitutes the highest level of medical skill. If the exterior and interior are clear, one knows whether the disease is in the meridians or the fu organs, ensuring that sweating or purging methods are applied without error. If cold and heat are distinct, one knows when to use cold remedies near heat conditions, or heat remedies near cold conditions, or "treating cold with cold" (Han Yin Han Yong) and "treating heat with heat" (Re Yin Re Yong), adapting to specific circumstances so that medication is always appropriate. If deficiency and excess are distinguished, one knows that extreme deficiency may present with excessive symptoms, and extreme excess may present with emaciated symptoms, avoiding confusion by false signs. True deficiency and true excess are easy to identify, while false deficiency and false excess are difficult to differentiate. Once truth and falsehood are clarified, there will be no danger of "making deficiency more deficient and excess more excessive." At this critical juncture, if one fails to comprehend this and instead uses unverified statements to deceive the world and confuse the common people, claiming what constitutes fright from humans versus fright from animals, this not only deceives others but also self-deceives. It not only fails to aid treatment but also endangers lives. Whose fault is this?
[Image: Fingerprint Three Passes Diagram]
The location of the Three Passes itself cannot determine the severity or safety of the condition. Since ancient times there has been the theory of the Three Passes, we retain it for reference.
When wind pathogen first appears at the Wind Pass, the syndrome is not yet severe.
When the pattern emerges at the Qi Pass, urgent prevention is required.
Suddenly appearing at the Life Pass is truly critical.
Penetrating the joint and passing through indicates the disease trend is manifest.
(When the pattern appears at the Wind Pass, it is a sign of initial pathogen entry; the syndrome is still mild, and the constitution is not yet exhausted, making treatment indeed easy. When the pattern appears at the Qi Pass, the pathogenic factor is vigorous, and the illness is already serious, requiring prompt treatment. If the pattern spans all three passes and emerges at the Life Pass, the pathogenic factor is pervasive, filling the meridians and collaterals, representing an extremely severe condition. If it penetrates the joint and shoots toward the nail (She Jia), the pathogenic factor has nowhere to reside, becoming hyperactive and unable to descend, symbolizing the regret of the soaring dragon (extremes turn into their opposites). Practitioners must pay close attention and never underestimate this.)