麻疹属火，身宜温暖，今反身冷如冰，未
出正出时见之，最为逆候。正没及没后有此，属气血大亏，脾胃将坏，当行温补，或可得
生。
疹喜咳嗽，咳多则毛窍开而易出，故先时以嗽为吉，若初热三日中咳，至四五日仍
不见咳，便非疹候，初时咳少，则腠理秘密，而疹不出，当于发散药中加半夏，以助其咳。
又有干咳，连咳不断者，此为火旺，肺金受克，必须清肺降火，佐以升发，初起升麻葛
根汤，加前胡、桔梗、苏梗、杏仁，没后用清金宁嗽汤。但疹后旬日内，尚宜有嗽，所
遗余毒，须假嗽而散，此顿出顿入之势，切不可见嗽多而治嗽也。
喘为恶候，麻疹浓为不宜，喘者开口而作，胸肋高叠，起止不定是也。当分虚实施
治，虚者小便清利，大便溏泻，唇白身不甚热，绝无火证又非外邪，必皆气脱之候。此
非六气，煎贞元饮，必不可也。实者大便坚结，小便赤涩，热重不退，初出未透无汗，用
麻杏石甘汤，已出用清气化毒饮，或如神定喘汤亦佳。大抵未出而喘者可治，已出并没
后喘者，多不可救。
气来急迫，呼吸紧而不和，是属肺病。盖肺为五脏华盖，主气出入，一经毒火熏灼，失
其清肃之权，则气不清，因致急促，见于未出正出之时，治宜疏托，甚至 声鸣，速
为清痰降火，十中可救二三。若见于正没，没后亦宜清火保金。倘见风没早，毒火内攻，并
见 ，可不必治。
麻疹的病机属性为火，患儿的身体应当保持温暖。如今反而身体冰冷如冰，这种情况如果在疹子尚未发出或正在发出的阶段出现，是最为凶险的逆证。如果是在疹子即将消退或已经消退之后出现这种症状，则属于气血严重亏损、脾胃功能即将衰败的表现，应当采用温补法治疗，或许还有生机。
出疹期间喜欢咳嗽，咳嗽多则毛孔张开，有利于疹毒外透，所以在初期以咳嗽为吉兆。如果在发热初起的三天内没有咳嗽，到了第四五天仍然不见咳嗽，这就不是正常的疹证表现。如果初期咳嗽较少，说明腠理（皮肤毛孔）闭塞，导致疹子无法透出，应当在发散表邪的药物中加入半夏，以辅助引发咳嗽。又有干咳不止、连续咳嗽不停的情况，这是火势旺盛、肺金受到克制所致，必须清泻肺热、降泄火势，并配合升发透疹之法。在发病初期可用升麻葛根汤，加入前胡、桔梗、苏梗、杏仁；疹子消退后使用清金宁嗽汤。但是，疹子消退后的十天内，仍应有轻微的咳嗽，这是为了通过咳嗽将残留的余毒散发出去，这是疹毒顿出顿入的自然趋势，切不可因为看到咳嗽多就单纯地治疗咳嗽。
气喘是不良的征象，出疹期间出现气喘是不适宜的。所谓气喘，是指张口呼吸，胸肋部高耸重叠，呼吸起止不规律。治疗时应当区分虚证和实证进行施治。虚证表现为小便清长通畅，大便溏薄腹泻，嘴唇苍白，身体发热不明显，完全没有火热证候，也不是外邪侵袭，这必定是气脱的危候。这种情况不属于六淫邪气致病，应煎服贞元饮，否则必然死亡。实证表现为大便坚硬结滞，小便赤红涩痛，热势沉重不退，疹子初出但未透发且无汗，可用麻杏石甘汤；疹子已完全发出者，用清气化毒饮，或者如神定喘汤也很好。大抵而言，疹子未发出而气喘的可以治愈，疹子已发出或消退后出现气喘的，大多不可救治。
呼吸急促紧迫，呼吸紧张而不调和，这属于肺部的疾病。因为肺是五脏的华盖，主管气的出入，一旦受到毒火的熏灼，失去了清肃下降的功能，就会导致气息不清，从而引起呼吸急促。这种情况见于疹子未发出或正在发出的时候，治疗宜用疏风托毒之法；甚至出现喉间痰鸣声，应立即清热化痰、降泄火势，十分之中可救活二三人。如果这种情况见于疹子正消退或消退之后，也应当清泄火势、保护肺金。倘若疹子因受风而提前消退，毒火内攻，并伴有上述危急症状，则不必再进行治疗（意指预后极差，难以医治）。
Measles is pathologically associated with Fire, and the body should be warm. Now, the body is cold as ice; if this appears when the rash has not yet erupted or is in the process of erupting, it is the most ominous adverse sign (Ni Hou). If this occurs when the rash is about to resolve or has already resolved, it belongs to severe deficiency of Qi and Blood, with the Spleen and Stomach on the verge of collapse. One should employ warming and tonifying methods, and life might possibly be preserved.
During the eruption of measles, coughing is favorable. Frequent coughing opens the hair follicles (Mao Qiao), facilitating the eruption of the rash; therefore, coughing in the early stage is considered auspicious. If there is no cough during the first three days of fever, and still none by the fourth or fifth day, it is not a typical measles presentation. If coughing is scant initially, the Cou Li (pores) are closed, preventing the rash from emerging. In such cases, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) to dispersing formulas to assist in inducing cough. There are also cases of dry cough with continuous, unceasing episodes; this indicates excessive Fire suppressing Lung Metal. It is necessary to clear the Lungs and descend Fire, assisted by ascending and diffusing agents. At the onset, use Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae and Puerariae Decoction) with added Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Sugeng (Perillae Caulis), and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum). After resolution, use Qingjin Ningsou Tang (Clear Metal and Calm Cough Decoction). However, within ten days after the rash subsides, some coughing should remain; this residual toxin must be dispersed through coughing, reflecting the pattern of sudden emergence and disappearance. One must absolutely avoid treating the cough merely because it is frequent.
Wheezing (Chuan) is an unfavorable sign and is unsuitable during measles. Wheezing is characterized by open-mouth breathing, elevation and stacking of the chest and ribs, and irregular respiratory rhythm. Treatment must differentiate between Deficiency and Excess patterns. The Deficiency pattern presents with clear and profuse urination, loose stools, pale lips, minimal body heat, absence of Fire signs, and no external pathogenic factors; this is necessarily a sign of Qi Collapse. This is not caused by the Six Qi (Six Pathogenic Factors); one must decoct Zhenyuan Yin (Zhenyuan Drink), otherwise death is inevitable. The Excess pattern presents with hard and constipated stool, red and scanty urine, persistent heavy heat, and initial eruption without penetration and sweating. Use Maxing Shigan Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Seed, Gypsum, and Licorice Decoction) for early eruption without full penetration; use Qingqi Huadu Yin (Clear Qi and Transform Toxin Drink) for fully erupted rashes. Rushen Dingchuan Tang (Rushen Calming Wheezing Decoction) is also excellent. Generally, wheezing before eruption is treatable, whereas wheezing after eruption or resolution is mostly incurable.
Urgent and rapid breathing, tight and disharmonious respiration, belongs to Lung disease. The Lung is the canopy of the five Zang organs, governing the entry and exit of Qi. Once scorched by toxic fire, it loses its clear and descending authority, leading to turbid Qi and resulting in急促 (rapid/urgent) breathing. When seen before or during eruption, treatment should focus on dispersing and supporting (Shu Tuo). If even stridor (Xiao Ming) is present, quickly clear phlegm and descend Fire; two or three out of ten may be saved. If seen during resolution or after resolution, one should also clear Fire and protect Lung Metal. If the rash retreats early due to Wind, with toxic fire attacking internally, accompanied by these critical signs, treatment is likely futile (do not treat).