呃逆虽曰有虚实。麻症实多虚无一。只因逆气上冲喉。胃火炎炎作呃逆。
呃逆之症。乃气逆上冲而作声也。其症虽有虚实之分。而麻属火候而发呃逆。乃胃火上冲所
致。实者八九。而虚者未常见一二也。治法宜以清火安胃为主。如实热痰火发呃逆者。以竹茹柿
蒂汤去半夏、甘草。加贝母、石膏主之。如呃逆不止者。以安胃散去楂肉治之。若呃逆一连二三十
声不歇者。以纸条宣鼻孔中。得嚏即已。或以生姜汁、同蜜汁、煎热顿服之。亦可。
朱曰 呃逆外治法。以纸条宣鼻孔。得嚏即已。生姜汁同蜜汁煎热顿服之。亦治呃逆。
竹茹柿蒂汤
竹茹 柿蒂 陈皮 半夏 甘草 因恼怒发呃者。加柴胡、青皮、黄芩。
安胃散
陈皮 麦冬 木通 泽泻 黄芩 石斛 楂肉 水煎。食远服。胃火甚者加石膏。
喷嚏能令肺气清。始终有嚏麻必轻。若还鼻塞而无嚏。风邪留滞毒来侵。
麻症初起而多嚏者。乃内火因风邪搏激而然。故有喷嚏者。则肺毒得解。而肺气全通矣。（朱
曰喷嚏是麻证吉兆。）初热未出之时。若有喷嚏者。必是先因外感。而后得通也。其毒纵凶可
救。正出之时。有喷嚏者。其麻必轻。收后而尚有喷嚏者。方为尽退。乃毒得尽解。可无余患矣。若
嚏而多涕。浊壅得泄。肺气自清。最为吉兆。若无嚏而鼻塞不通者。必有风邪留滞。如清肺汤（见
五十条）除去桔梗、甘草。加荆芥、薄荷叶、连翘、牛蒡子、枳壳、赤茯苓。或利金汤（见五十条）去
桔梗、甘草、生姜。加赤茯苓、薄荷叶、连翘、牛蒡子。或全书除热清肺汤等方。俱可施用。但凡遇
有鼻塞不通之症。总宜用辛凉之剂以透达之。如荆芥、干葛、牛蒡子、薄荷叶、麻黄辛散之品。元
参、石膏、淡竹叶、栝蒌根清凉之味。在所当施。
全书除热清肺汤（重出） 泻心火清肺金主方。
麦冬 黄芩（酒炒） 石膏 元参 生地黄 贝母 赤茯苓 水煎服。壮热加地骨皮。壮热太
甚更加黄连。气粗加葶苈子、栝蒌霜。气喘加苏子、芥子。便闭加火麻仁、枳壳。便闭甚加大黄。
呃逆虽然分为虚证和实证，但在麻疹病症中，实证的占大多数，虚证极少见。这主要是因为逆气上冲至咽喉，胃火炽盛导致呃逆。
呃逆这一症状，是由于气机逆乱上冲而发出声音。其病症虽有虚实之分，但麻疹因火热之邪引发呃逆，多由胃火上冲所致。实证占八九成，虚证很少见到一二成。治疗方法应以清泻火热、安和胃气为主。如果是实热痰火引起的呃逆，使用竹茹柿蒂汤，去掉半夏和甘草，加入贝母和石膏来主治。如果呃逆不止，使用安胃散，去掉山楂肉来治疗。如果呃逆连续二三十声不停歇，可以用纸条刺激鼻孔，打出喷嚏即可停止。或者用生姜汁与蜂蜜汁混合，煎热后一次性服下，也可以。
朱氏说：呃逆的外治法，是用纸条刺激鼻孔，打出喷嚏即可停止。生姜汁同蜂蜜汁煎热后一次性服下，也能治疗呃逆。
竹茹柿蒂汤
药材包括：竹茹、柿蒂、陈皮、半夏、甘草。如果是因恼怒引发的呃逆，加入柴胡、青皮、黄芩。
安胃散
药材包括：陈皮、麦冬、木通、泽泻、黄芩、石斛、山楂肉。用水煎煮，在饭后服用。如果胃火严重，加入石膏。
喷嚏能使肺气清爽，麻疹病程中始终有喷嚏，说明病情一定较轻。如果鼻塞而没有喷嚏，则是风邪滞留，毒邪侵袭。
麻疹初起阶段出现多喷嚏的情况，是因为体内火气被外感风邪搏激所致。因此，有喷嚏排出，肺部的毒邪就能得到解除，肺气也就完全通畅了。（朱氏说：喷嚏是麻疹的吉兆。）在发热初期、疹子尚未透发之时，如果有喷嚏，必定是先有外感，然后才得以通畅。此时即使毒邪凶险也可救治。在疹子正出之时，有喷嚏，说明麻疹病情一定轻。在收靥（疹子消退）之后仍有喷嚏，才算是毒邪尽退，这是毒邪完全解除的表现，可以没有遗留病患。如果打喷嚏且鼻涕多，浊邪得以宣泄，肺气自然清爽，这是最好的吉兆。如果没有喷嚏且鼻塞不通，必然有风邪滞留。可以使用清肺汤（见第五十条），去掉桔梗和甘草，加入荆芥、薄荷叶、连翘、牛蒡子、枳壳、赤茯苓。或者使用利金汤（见第五十条），去掉桔梗、甘草、生姜，加入赤茯苓、薄荷叶、连翘、牛蒡子。或者使用全书中的除热清肺汤等方剂，都可以施用。凡是遇到鼻塞不通的症状，总宜使用辛凉性质的药物来透达邪气。如荆芥、干葛（葛根）、牛蒡子、薄荷叶、麻黄等辛散的药物，以及玄参、石膏、淡竹叶、栝蒌根等清凉的药物，都在应当使用的范围内。
全书除热清肺汤（重复列出） 这是泻心火、清肺金的主方。
药材包括：麦冬、黄芩（酒炒）、石膏、玄参、生地黄、贝母、赤茯苓。用水煎服。壮热加地骨皮。壮热非常严重时再加黄连。气粗加葶苈子、栝蒌霜。气喘加苏子、芥子。便秘加火麻仁、枳壳。便秘严重时加大黄。
Although hiccup (hiccough) is categorized into deficiency and excess patterns, in the context of measles (Measles), excess patterns are predominant while deficiency patterns are rare. This is primarily because rebellious qi rushes upward to the throat, and blazing stomach fire causes hiccup.
Hiccup is a symptom characterized by sound production due to the upward rebellion of qi. Although this condition can be divided into deficiency and excess types, hiccup induced by measles is caused by heat-fire pathogens; specifically, it results from stomach fire rushing upward. Excess patterns account for eight or nine out of ten cases, whereas deficiency patterns are rarely seen, accounting for only one or two out of ten. The treatment principle should focus on clearing heat-fire and harmonizing the Stomach. For hiccups caused by excess heat and phlegm-fire, Zhuru Shidi Tang (Bamboo Shavings and Persimmon Calyx Decoction) is used, with Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) and Gancao (Licorice Root) removed, and Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) added. If hiccup persists, Anwei San (Stomach-Harmonizing Powder) without Shan Zha Rou (Hawthorn Flesh) is administered. If hiccup occurs continuously for twenty to thirty times without cessation, a paper strip can be used to stimulate the nasal cavity; inducing a sneeze will stop the hiccup. Alternatively, fresh ginger juice mixed with honey juice, heated and taken in one dose, is also effective.
Zhu stated: External treatments for hiccup include stimulating the nasal cavity with a paper strip to induce a sneeze, which stops the hiccup. Drinking heated ginger juice mixed with honey juice is also effective for treating hiccup.
Zhuru Shidi Tang (Bamboo Shavings and Persimmon Calyx Decoction)
Ingredients: Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Shidi (Persimmon Calyx), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root). For hiccups triggered by anger, add Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), and Huangqin (Scutellaria Root).
Anwei San (Stomach-Harmonizing Powder)
Ingredients: Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Mutong (Akebia Stem), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Shihu (Dendrobium Stem), Shan Zha (Hawthorn Fruit). Decoct in water and take after meals. If stomach fire is severe, add Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
Sneezing clears Lung qi. If sneezing occurs throughout the course of measles, the condition is necessarily mild. If there is nasal congestion without sneezing, wind-pathogens are stagnating, and toxins are invading.
During the initial stage of measles, frequent sneezing indicates that internal fire is agitated by external wind-pathogens. Therefore, the presence of sneezing allows lung toxins to be resolved and Lung qi to become fully unobstructed. (Zhu stated: Sneezing is an auspicious sign in measles.) During the early fever stage, before the rash erupts, if sneezing occurs, it implies that an external contraction preceded the clearance. Even if the toxin is fierce, it can be rescued. During the eruption phase, the presence of sneezing indicates that the measles will be mild. After the resolution phase, continued sneezing signifies that the toxins have completely retreated; this represents the full resolution of toxins, leaving no residual complications. If sneezing is accompanied by copious nasal discharge, turbid pathogens are discharged, and Lung qi becomes clear, which is the most auspicious sign. If there is no sneezing and nasal congestion is present, wind-pathogens are likely stagnating. Qingfei Tang (Clear the Lungs Decoction) (see Article 50) can be used, removing Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) and Gancao (Licorice Root), and adding Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), Bohe Ye (Mint Leaf), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), Niubangzi (Arctium Seed), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Mycelium). Alternatively, Lijin Tang (Benefit Metal Decoction) (see Article 50) can be used, removing Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), and adding Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Mycelium), Bohe Ye (Mint Leaf), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), and Niubangzi (Arctium Seed). Or formulas such as Chu Re Qing Fei Tang (Eliminate Heat and Clear the Lungs Decoction) from the complete book can be applied. In all cases of nasal congestion, acrid-cool agents should be used to vent and resolve the pathogen. Acrid-dispersing herbs such as Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), Gange (Kudzu Root), Niubangzi (Arctium Seed), Bohe Ye (Mint Leaf), and Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) are indicated. Cooling herbs such as Xuanshen (Scrophularia Root), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Dan Zhuye (Lophatherum Herb), and Gualou Gen (Trichosanthes Root) are also appropriate.
Chu Re Qing Fei Tang (Eliminate Heat and Clear the Lungs Decoction) (Repeated Entry)
This is the main formula for draining Heart fire and clearing Lung metal.
Ingredients: Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, stir-fried with wine), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Xuanshen (Scrophularia Root), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmannia Root), Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb), Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Mycelium). Decoct in water and take orally. For high fever, add Digupi (Groundcherry Root Bark). For extremely high fever, add Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome). For coarse breathing, add Tinglizi (Descurainia Seed) and Gualou Shuang (Trichosanthes Powder). For wheezing, add Suzi (Perilla Fruit) and Jiezi (Mustard Seed). For constipation, add Huomaren (Hemp Seed) and Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). For severe constipation, add Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome).