平按∶此篇自篇首至末，见《灵枢》卷十二第七十九《岁露论》篇，又见《甲乙经》
卷六第一。
黄帝曰∶愿闻岁之所以皆同病者，何因而然？（前章言人有摄养乖和，遇贼邪之失；
此言同受邪风，俱有伤害，以为问也。平按∶何因而然《甲乙》作何气使然。）少师曰∶
此八正之候也。（八正候者，八节之正虚邪候也。）黄帝曰∶候之奈何？少师曰∶候此
者，常以冬之至日，太一立于汁蛰之宫，其至也，天应之以风雨。风雨从南方来者，为
虚风，贼伤人者也。其以夜至者，万民皆卧而弗犯也，故其岁民少病；（《九宫经》曰∶
太一者，玄皇之使，常居北极之旁汁蛰上下政天地之常□起也。汁蛰，坎宫名也。太一
至坎宫，天必应之以风雨，其感从太一所居乡来向中宫，名为实风，主生长养万物；若
风从南方来向中宫，为冲后来虚风，贼伤人者也。其贼风夜至，人皆寝卧，不犯其风，
人少其病也。平按∶冬之至日《灵枢》、《甲乙》作冬至之日。为虚风《甲乙》作名曰
虚风。夜下《灵枢》、《甲乙》有半字。注其感，感字恐系风字传写之误。）其
以昼至者，万民懈惰而皆中于虚风，故万民多病。虚邪入客于骨而不发于外，至其立春，
阳气大发，腠理开，因立春之日，风从西方来，万民又皆中于虚风，此两邪相薄，经气
绝代，（懈惰，谓不自收节。情逸腠开，邪客至骨而不外泄，至立春日，复有虚风从西
方冲上而来，是则两邪相薄，致经脉绝代以为病也。骨，有本作胃也。平按∶相薄《灵
枢》、《甲乙》作相搏，袁刻误作两薄。绝代《灵枢》、《甲乙》作结代。）故诸逢其风
而遇其雨者，命曰遇岁露焉。因岁之和而少贼风者，民少病而少死；岁多贼风邪气，寒
温不和，民多病而多死矣。（露有其二∶一曰春露，主生万物者也；二曰秋露，主衰万物
者也。今岁有贼风豪雨以衰于物，比秋风露，故曰岁露焉。是以实风至也，岁和有吉；
虚风至也，岁露致凶也。）黄帝曰∶虚邪之风，其所伤贵贱何如？候之奈何？（以下言
候虚风所伤贵贱，故因问起也。）少师曰∶正月朔日，太一居天溜之宫，其日西北风不
雨，人多死。（以下具言虚风也。平按∶溜《灵枢》作留。）正月朔日，平旦北风，春，
民多死者也。正月朔日，平旦北风行，民病死者十有三。（平按∶民病死者《灵枢》、
《甲乙》死作多。）正月朔日，日中北风，夏，民多死者。正月朔日，夕时北风，秋，
民多死者；终日北风，大病死者十有六。正月朔日，风从南方来，命曰旱乡，（平按∶
自终日以下至旱乡，《甲乙》无。）从西方来，命曰白骨将将，国有殃，人多死亡。
（平按∶命《甲乙》作名，上有而大二字。将字《灵枢》、《甲乙》不重。）正月朔日，
风从东南方来，发屋扬沙石，国有大灾。正月朔日，风从东南行，春有死亡。（平按∶
《灵枢》南下有方字。《甲乙》无此二条。）正月朔日，天和温不风，
籴贱，民不病；天寒而风，籴贵，民多病。（平按∶天和温《甲乙》作天时和温，无籴
贱籴贵四字，不病作无病，而风作风疾。）此所以候岁之虚风贼伤人者。（平按∶《甲
乙》无此句。《灵枢》无虚字，者下有也字。）二月丑不风，民多心腹病。三月戌不温，
民多寒热。四月巳不暑，民多病瘅。十月申不寒，民多暴死。诸谓风者，皆发屋，折树
木，扬沙石，起毫毛，开腠理。（平按∶《甲乙》寒热下有病字。《灵枢》、《甲乙》
病瘅作瘅病，诸下有所字。《甲乙》树下无木字。开《灵枢》、《甲乙》作发，理下均
有者也二字。）
平按：本篇从篇首到结尾，见于《灵枢》卷十二第七十九《岁露论》篇，又见于《甲乙经》卷六第一。
黄帝说：我想了解为什么每年人们得的病都相同，是什么原因造成的？（前章讲述人们因调养失当，遭遇贼邪的过失；这里讲述同样受到邪风侵袭，都受到伤害，以此作为提问。平按：《甲乙经》中“何因而然”作“何气使然”。）少师说：这是八正之候。（八正候，是指八个节气中正虚之邪的征候。）黄帝说：如何观察它？少师说：观察这个，通常在冬至日，太一星位于汁蛰宫，当它到达时，天象以风雨响应。风雨从南方来的，称为虚风，是伤害人的贼邪。如果在夜间到来，百姓都在睡觉而不触犯它，所以这一年百姓生病较少；（《九宫经》说：太一是玄皇的使者，常居住在北极旁边的汁蛰宫，掌管天地常规的变化。汁蛰，是坎宫的名称。太一到达坎宫，天必定以风雨响应，其感应从太一所居之乡吹向中宫，称为实风，主生长养育万物；如果风从南方来吹向中宫，是冲后来到的虚风，是伤害人的贼邪。这种贼风在夜间到来，人都睡卧着，不触犯风，人得病就少。平按：《灵枢》、《甲乙经》中“冬之至日”作“冬至之日”。《甲乙经》中“为虚风”作“名曰虚风”。夜下《灵枢》、《甲乙经》多半字。注：其感，感字恐怕是风字传写时的错误。）如果在白天到来，百姓懈怠懒惰且都中于虚风，所以百姓大多生病。虚邪侵入并停留在骨中而不发散于外，到了立春，阳气大发，腠理开泄，恰逢立春之日，风从西方来，百姓又都中于虚风，这两种邪气相互搏结，经脉之气断绝更替，（懈惰，指不能自我节制。情志安逸导致腠理开泄，邪气客居于骨中而不向外排泄，到了立春日，又有虚风从西方冲上来，这就是两种邪气相互搏结，导致经脉断绝更替而生病。骨，有的版本作胃。平按：《灵枢》、《甲乙经》中“相薄”作“相搏”，袁刻误作“两薄”。《灵枢》、《甲乙经》中“绝代”作“结代”。）所以凡是遇到这种风又遇上雨的，名叫遇到岁露。因为岁气和顺而少有贼风的年份，百姓生病少而死的人也少；岁气多贼风邪气，寒温不调和的年份，百姓生病多而死的人也多。（露有两种：一是春露，主生养万物；二是秋露，主衰败万物。今年有贼风豪雨使万物衰败，比同秋风露，所以叫岁露。因此实风到来，岁气和顺吉祥；虚风到来，岁露致凶。）黄帝说：虚邪之风，它所伤害的轻重程度如何？如何观察？（以下讲述观察虚风所伤轻重，所以因问而起。）少师说：正月初一，太一居住在天溜宫，这一天刮西北风且无雨，人多死亡。（以下详细讲述虚风。平按：《灵枢》中“溜”作“留”。）正月初一，清晨刮北风，春天，百姓多死亡。正月初一，清晨刮北风，百姓患病死亡的有十分之三。正月初一，中午刮北风，夏天，百姓多死亡。正月初一，傍晚刮北风，秋天，百姓多死亡；整天刮北风，大病死亡的有十分之六。正月初一，风从南方来，名叫旱乡，（平按：从整天以下至旱乡，《甲乙经》没有。）从西方来，名叫白骨将将，国家有灾殃，百姓多死亡。（平按：《甲乙经》中“命”作“名”，上面有“而大”二字。“将”字《灵枢》、《甲乙经》不重复。）正月初一，风从东南方来，掀翻房屋扬起沙石，国家有大灾难。正月初一，风从东南方吹来，春天有死亡。（平按：《灵枢》南下有“方”字。《甲乙经》没有这两条。）正月初一，天气温和无风，粮食便宜，百姓不生病；天气寒冷而有风，粮食昂贵，百姓多生病。（平按：《甲乙经》中“天和温”作“天时和温”，没有“籴贱籴贵”四字，“不病”作“无病”，“而风”作“风疾”。）这就是用来观察岁气中虚风贼邪伤人的方法。（平按：《甲乙经》没有这句话。《灵枢》没有“虚”字，“者”下有“也”字。）二月丑日不风，百姓多心腹病。三月戌日不温暖，百姓多寒热病。四月巳日不暑热，百姓多患黄疸病。十月申日不寒冷，百姓多暴死。所说的风，都是指能掀翻房屋，折断树木，扬起沙石，竖起毫毛，打开腠理的风。（平按：《甲乙经》中“寒热”下有“病”字。《灵枢》、《甲乙经》中“病瘅”作“瘅病”，“诸”下有“所”字。《甲乙经》“树”下无“木”字。《灵枢》、《甲乙经》中“开”作“发”，“理”下均有“者也”二字。）
Ping An: This chapter, from the beginning to the end, is found in Volume 12, Chapter 79 "Sui Lu Lun" (Discussion on Annual Dew) of *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot), and also in Volume 6, Part 1 of *Jia Yi Jing* (Classified Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
Huang Di said: I wish to hear why the diseases people suffer from are all the same each year, and what causes this? (The previous chapter discussed the faults of people whose nursing and regulation were discordant, encountering treacherous pathogens; this section discusses being equally harmed by receiving evil winds, posing this as a question. Ping An: In *Jia Yi Jing*, "He Yin Ran" [what reason makes it so] is written as "He Qi Shi Ran" [what qi causes it].) Shao Shi said: This is the observation of the Eight Norms (Ba Zheng). (The observation of the Eight Norms refers to the signs of empty and false evils during the eight solar terms.) Huang Di said: How do we observe it? Shao Shi said: To observe this, usually on the Winter Solstice day, Tai Yi (the North Star/Central Polarity) resides in the Zhi Zhe Palace. When it arrives, Heaven responds with wind and rain. If the wind and rain come from the south, they are called Empty Winds (Xu Feng), which are treacherous evils that harm people. If they arrive at night, the common people are sleeping and do not encounter them, thus fewer people fall ill in that year; (*Jiu Gong Jing* states: Tai Yi is the envoy of Xuan Huang, often residing beside the North Pole in the Zhi Zhe Palace, governing the regular changes of Heaven and Earth. Zhi Zhe is the name of the Kan Palace. When Tai Yi reaches the Kan Palace, Heaven must respond with wind and rain; its influence blows from the direction where Tai Yi resides towards the Central Palace, named Real Wind (Shi Feng), which governs the growth and nourishment of all things; if the wind comes from the south towards the Central Palace, it is the Empty Wind arriving from behind, a treacherous evil harming people. When such treacherous winds arrive at night, people are lying down and do not encounter the wind, resulting in fewer illnesses. Ping An: In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Dong Zhi Zhi Ri" [Winter Solstice day] is written as "Dong Zhi Zhi Ri" [Day of Winter Solstice]. In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Wei Xu Feng" [is called Empty Wind] is written as "Ming Yue Xu Feng" [named Empty Wind]. Below "Ye" [night], *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing* have an extra half character. Note: "Qi Gan" [its response], the character "Gan" is likely a transcription error for "Feng" [wind].) If they arrive during the day, the common people are lax and indolent and all succumb to the Empty Wind, thus many people fall ill. The Empty Evil enters and lodges in the bones but does not manifest externally. When Li Chun (Start of Spring) arrives, Yang Qi expands greatly, the Cou Li (pores/skin texture) open. Coinciding with the day of Li Chun, if the wind comes from the west, the common people again succumb to the Empty Wind. These two evils interact closely, causing the Jing Qi (Meridian Qi) to be severed and replaced, (Laxity and indolence refer to the inability to self-regulate. Emotional ease leads to open Cou Li, allowing evil to lodge in the bones without external discharge. Upon Li Chun, another Empty Wind rushes up from the west; this is the interaction of two evils, leading to the severance and replacement of meridians and illness. "Bone", some versions read "Stomach". Ping An: In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Xiang Bo" [mutually close/thin] is written as "Xiang Bo" [mutually contend/clash]; Yuan edition mistakenly wrote "Liang Bo". In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Jue Dai" [severed and replaced] is written as "Jie Dai" [knotted and intermittent].) Therefore, those who encounter this wind and meet with rain are said to encounter the "Annual Dew" (Sui Lu). In years where the annual Qi is harmonious and there are few treacherous winds, people fall ill less and die less; in years with many treacherous winds and evil Qi, where cold and warmth are unharmonious, people fall ill more and die more. (Dew has two types: one is Spring Dew, which governs the generation of all things; the other is Autumn Dew, which governs the decline of all things. This year, treacherous winds and torrential rains cause the decline of things, comparable to autumn wind and dew, hence called Annual Dew. Thus, when Real Wind arrives, the year is harmonious and auspicious; when Empty Wind arrives, Annual Dew brings misfortune.) Huang Di said: Regarding the Empty Evil Wind, how severe is the damage it inflicts? How do we observe it? (The following discusses observing the severity of damage caused by Empty Wind, hence the question arises.) Shao Shi said: On the first day of the first lunar month, Tai Yi resides in the Tian Liu Palace. If there is a northwest wind and no rain on that day, many people will die. (The following details the Empty Wind. Ping An: In *Ling Shu*, "Liu" is written as "Liu".) On the first day of the first lunar month, if there is a north wind at dawn, in spring, many people will die. On the first day of the first lunar month, if a north wind blows at dawn, ten out of thirty people will fall ill and die. On the first day of the first lunar month, if there is a north wind at noon, in summer, many people will die. On the first day of the first lunar month, if there is a north wind at dusk, in autumn, many people will die; if there is a north wind all day, sixteen out of many will die of serious illness. On the first day of the first lunar month, if the wind comes from the south, it is named "Dry Land" (Han Xiang), (Ping An: From "all day" below to "Han Xiang", *Jia Yi Jing* has no text.) if it comes from the west, it is named "White Bones Clattering" (Bai Gu Jiang Jiang), the state will face disaster, and many people will die. (Ping An: In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Ming" is written as "Ming" [name], with "Er Da" [and great] added above. The character "Jiang" is not repeated in *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*.) On the first day of the first lunar month, if the wind comes from the southeast, overturning houses and scattering sand and stones, the state will face great disaster. On the first day of the first lunar month, if the wind blows from the southeast, there will be deaths in spring. (Ping An: *Ling Shu* adds "Fang" [direction] after "Nan" [south]. *Jia Yi Jing* lacks these two lines.) On the first day of the first lunar month, if the weather is harmonious and warm with no wind, grain prices will be low, and people will not fall ill; if the weather is cold and windy, grain prices will be high, and many people will fall ill. (Ping An: In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Tian He Wen" [Heavenly harmony warm] is written as "Tian Shi He Wen" [Heavenly timing harmonious warm], lacking the four characters "Di Jian Di Gui" [grain cheap/grain expensive]; "Bu Bing" [no illness] is written as "Wu Bing" [no illness]; "Er Feng" [and wind] is written as "Feng Ji" [wind swift].) This is how we observe the Empty Wind and treacherous evils in the annual Qi that harm people. (Ping An: *Jia Yi Jing* lacks this sentence. *Ling Shu* lacks the character "Xu" [empty], and has "Ye" [also] after "Zhe" [particle].) On the Chou day of the second month, if there is no wind, people will suffer mostly from heart and abdominal diseases. On the Xu day of the third month, if it is not warm, people will suffer mostly from alternating chills and fever. On the Si day of the fourth month, if it is not hot, people will suffer mostly from jaundice. On the Shen day of the tenth month, if it is not cold, people will suffer mostly from sudden death. The winds referred to here are those that can overturn houses, break trees, scatter sand and stones, raise body hair, and open the Cou Li. (Ping An: In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Bing" [illness] is added after "Han Re" [chills and fever]. In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Bing Dan" [illness jaundice] is written as "Dan Bing" [jaundice illness]; "Zhu" [all] has "Suo" [that which] added after it. In *Jia Yi Jing*, "Mu" [wood] is missing after "Shu" [tree]. In *Ling Shu* and *Jia Yi Jing*, "Kai" [open] is written as "Fa" [emit/open], and both have "Zhe Ye" [particles] after "Li" [texture].)