黄帝问曰。余闻风者。百病之始也。以针治之。奈何。（按此篇论骨空。而帝所问在风者。谓治大风寒热诸证。皆取
刺于骨空也。夫人有三百六十五节。节之交。神气之所游行出入。骨空者。节之交会处也。灵枢骨度篇曰。先度其骨节
之大小广狭。而脉度定矣。是经脉之度数。随骨之长短。骨节之空处。即脉之穴会。故曰。所言节者。神气之所游行出
入。非皮肉筋骨也。）岐伯对曰。风从外入。令人振寒汗出。头痛身重恶寒。治在风府。调其阴阳。不足则补。有余则泻。
（风从外入者。同气客于皮肤之间也。风为阳邪。伤人阳气。故令人振寒汗出。头痛身重恶寒也。调其阴阳。和其血气
也。正气不足则补之。邪气有余则泻之。此言风在皮肤之气分。而治在风府者。风府乃督脉阳维之会也。）大风颈项痛。
刺风府。风府在上椎。（此言风邪入于经者。亦当治其风府也。夫风伤卫。卫气一日一夜大会于风府。是以大风之邪。随
卫气而直入于风府者。致使其头项痛也。风府、督脉之穴名。上椎大椎也。曰风府在上椎者。谓经脉之穴。在于骨空之
间也。）大风汗出灸 。 在背下。侠脊旁三寸所厌之。令病者呼 。 应手。（汗为阴液。大风汗出者。阳气
伤而邪陷于经脉之下。故当灸之。 、足太阳经脉之穴。在背骨六椎间。旁开三寸所。以手厌之。令病者呼 。其
脉应手。盖意为脾志。喜为心志。心有所忆谓之意。意之所在。神亦随之。夫血气者。神气也。节之交。神气之所游行
出入。言脉气之出于骨空者。神气之所注也。）从风憎风。刺眉头。（从风、迎风也。迎风憎风。是邪在头额间。故当取
眉间之骨穴。）失枕在肩上横骨间。（失枕则为颈项强痛之患。故当刺肩上横骨间之穴。夫髓乃骨之精。脑为髓之海。髓
之上会于脑者。由枕骨间之脑空而入。故此节论失枕。下节曰头横骨曰枕。）折使榆臂齐肘正。灸脊中。（折者。谓脊背
磬折而不能伸舒也。榆读作摇。谓摇其手臂下垂齐肘尖。而正对于脊中。以灸脊中之节穴。） 络季胁。引少腹而痛胀。
刺 。（ 络季胁。肋骨之尽处。少阳厥阴之部署也。痛引少腹者。连及于膀胱也。夫太阳为诸阳主气。故阳气陷下者。
灸太阳之 。胁腹引痛者。亦刺 以疏泄。盖志意和。则筋骨强健。而邪病自解矣。张兆璜曰。心有所忆谓之意。
意之所在谓之志。少阳主骨。厥阴太阳主筋。少厥属木。木生于水。故痛引少腹。）腰痛不可以转摇。急引阴卵。刺八
与痛上。八 在腰尻分间。（腰痛不可以转摇者。肾将惫也。急引阴卵。连及于厥阴也。亦当取足太阳之上 、次 、中
、下 之八穴。及与少阴厥阴本部之痛处。盖八 在腰尻之骨间。筋骨为病。当从骨空之穴以刺之。）鼠 寒热。还刺
寒府。寒府在附膝外解荣。取膝上外者使之拜。取足心者使之跪。（鼠 寒热。病也。其本在脏。其末上出于颈腋之间。
夫天开于子。足少阴者。天乙所生之水脏也。其本在脏者。在少阴之肾脏也。寒府者。膀胱为肾脏寒水之府也。病在脏
而还取之府者。谓阴藏之邪。当从阳气以疏泄也。营、营穴也。谓所取寒府之穴。在附于膝之外。筋营间之委中穴也。
拜、揖也。取膝上外解之委中者。使之拜。则膝挺而后直。其穴易取也。如当再取肾脏之本经者。使之跪。跪则足折。
而涌泉之穴宛在于足心之横纹间矣。以上论大风寒热诸证。当取头项脊背足膝之骨空者。皆太阳之穴也。）任脉者。起
于中极之下。以上毛际。循腹里。上关元。至咽喉。上颐循面入目。（此言任脉之有骨空也。任脉乃循于腹之肉穴。然起
于中极之下。上毛际而交于横骨。循膺胸之鸠尾、膻中、天突。而至于咽喉。上颐循承浆而入络于齿龈。复循面入目下。
而络于承泣。是始终之有骨穴也。）冲脉者。起于气街。并少阴之经。侠齐上行。至胸中而散。（气街即气冲。系足阳明
经穴。在少腹毛中两旁各二寸。横骨之两端。冲脉并足阳明少阴二经之间。循腹上行。侠脐左右各五分。上至胸中而散。
再按冲任二脉。皆起于胞中。上循背里。为经络之海。其浮而外者。起于窍冲。循腹右上行。至胸中而散。淡渗于肌腠。
充肤热肉。生毫毛。此冲脉之血气。行于脉外也。今只言腹而不言背者。谓冲脉之血气。散于脉外。而充于骨空也。故
所谓骨空者。谓经脉之气。注于节之交而为穴也。至于骨空之血气。乃脉外之血气也。）任脉为病。男子内结七疝。女子
带下瘕聚。冲脉为病。逆气里急。督脉为病。脊强反折。（此言冲任之脉循于腹。故其病在腹。督脉循于背。故为病在背
也。七疝者。其病各异。其名不同。瘕者。假血液而时下汁沫。聚者。气逆滞而为聚积也。冲脉之血气。散于脉外之气
分。故病则逆气里急。督脉之脉循于背。故病则脊强反折也。盖背为阳。督脉循于背而总督一身之阳。经云。阳病者不
能俯。阴病者不能仰。）督脉者。起于少腹以下骨中央。女子入系廷孔。其孔。溺孔之端也。（此论督脉之循于骨空也。
下骨中央。毛际下横骨内之中央也。廷孔、阴户也。溺孔之端。阴内之产门也。此言督脉起于少腹之内。故举女子之产
户以明之。当知男子之督脉。亦起于少腹内宗筋之本处也。故下文曰。其男子循茎下至篡。与女子等。盖此节举女子。
则男子可知。下节论男子。则与女子等也。）其络循阴器。合篡间。绕篡后。别绕肾至少阴。与巨阳中络者合。少阴上股
内后廉。贯脊属肾。（篡初患切臀音屯。篡间、前后阴相交之处。臀、尻也。言督脉之别络。前循阴器。合篡间。绕前后
二阴之后。又别络者。分而行之绕臀。与足太阳之中络者。合少阴上股内后廉。贯脊属肾。按足太阳之中络者。循髀
枢。络股阳而下贯臀。合足少阴。自股内后廉。贯脊属肾。而督脉之别绕臀者。至少阴。与太阳中络所合之处相合而同
上股。贯脊属肾。）与太阳起于目内 。上额交巅上。入络脑。还出别下项。循肩 内。挟脊抵腰中。下循膂络肾。（此
言督脉之循于背者。乃从上而下也。夫背为阳。腹为阴。督脉总督一身之阳。故其脉之循于背者。复从上而下。若天气
之下降也。盖阳生于阴。故其原出于前阴。循腹而上至于目。太阳主诸阳之气。其脉起于两目之睛明穴。而督脉亦与太
阳之脉。同上额交巅。络脑出项。循脊而下。此阳气之环转于上下前后。犹天道之绕地而一周也。）其男子循茎下至篡。
与女子等。其少腹直上者。贯齐中央。上贯心。入喉上颐环唇。上系两目之下中央。（此言督脉之原。起于少腹内。分而
两歧。一循阴茎下至篡。而与女子等。一从少腹直上。贯脐入喉。上颐环唇。入 交上齿缝中。上系于两目之下中央。
会太阳于睛明穴。）此生病。从少腹上冲心而痛。不得前后为冲疝。其女子不孕。癃痔遗溺。嗌干。督脉生病。治督脉。
治在骨上。甚者在齐下营。（此言循于腹之督脉为病。而取刺当在骨间。盖病虽在腹之阴。而所治当从阳也。其脉从少腹
直上贯心。故此生病从少腹上冲心而痛。绕于前后二阴之篡间。故病则不得前后。而或为冲痛之疝。督脉同冲任并起于
胞间。故在女子则为不孕。如病在前后两阴之间。而男女皆为癃痔。如在于廷孔阴茎之内。则皆为遗溺。如上入于喉。
则为咸嗌干。此在腹之督脉生病。而所治当在骨上。若病甚而不已者。兼取于脐下之营。营谓腹间之肉穴。骨谓脊背之
骨穴也。）其上气有音者。治其喉中央。在缺盆中者。其病上冲喉者。治其渐。渐者。上侠颐也。（此言胸喉间之督脉
为病者。当取膺颐间之骨穴也。其气上逆而呼吸有音者。治其喉中央。在两缺盆中者之天突穴也。如病上冲喉者。治其
渐。渐者。谓督脉之入喉者。上唇齿而渐分两歧。侠颐入目。当于渐上侠颐之处而刺之。）蹇膝伸不屈。治其楗。（此节
论膝之为病。而当治其机楗骸关之骨空也。蹇膝者。谓淹蹇而难于屈伸也。下文曰。辅骨上横骨下为楗。）坐而膝痛。治
其机。（坐而膝痛者。屈而不伸也。故当治其机。机关利则屈伸皆利矣。夫屈而不伸者。其病在筋。伸而不屈者。其病在
骨。膝者筋之会。而诸筋皆属于筋。故特论其膝焉。）立而暑解。治其骸关。（暑、热也。膝解为骸关。立而骨解中热者。
取骸关以治之。即膝解处也。）膝痛。痛及拇指。治其 。（足之拇指。厥阴肝经之井荥。骸下为辅骨。辅骨之上为 中。
厥阴之脉。上 内廉。故当治其 。）坐而膝痛如物隐者。治其关。（如物隐者。邪留于骨节间也。故当治其关。关开则
邪出矣。）膝痛不可屈伸。治其背内。（膝痛不可屈伸。筋骨皆病也。当取背内太阳之经以治之。太阳寒水主骨。而阳气
养筋。）连 若折。治阳明中俞 。（膝痛而连 骨若折者。治阳明之中俞 。谓三里穴也。）若别。治巨阳少阴荥。（谓
连若折而有别治之法。可取太阳少阴之荥穴。盖骨乃太阳少阴之所主也。）淫泺胫 。不能久立。治少阳之维。在外上
五寸。（此又言少阳之主骨也。少阳为枢。枢折则骨繇而不安于地。骨繇者。节缓而不收。故淫泺胫酸。不能久立。当治
少阳之维。在外踝上五寸之光明穴。）辅骨上横骨下为楗。侠髋为机。膝解为骸关。侠膝之骨为连骸。骸下为辅。辅上为
。 上为关。头横骨为枕。（楗与键同髋音宽骸音谐 音国。此承上文而言腰膝 骨之释名也。辅骨上为腰。髋骨下为
楗。膝上为机。膝盖骨为解。膝外为骸关。关下为 。 下为辅骨。辅骨上为连骸。连骸者。是骸骨相连接处也。夫腰
脊者。身之大关节也。膝胫者。人之管以趋翔也。故独举腰膝而曰关。曰楗。曰机。曰骸。命名之义。良有以也。夫少
阳少阴主骨。而阴阳之气。皆从下而生。则骨气亦从下而上矣。骨之精髓。从枕骨之髓空而会于脑。故论膝 之骨。而
曰头横骨为枕。言骨气之上下相通也。）水俞五十七穴者。尻上五行。行五。伏兔上两行。行五。左右各一行。行五。
踝上各一行。行六穴。（此言水俞五十七穴。亦皆循于骨空也。）髓空在脑后三分。在颅际锐骨之下。一在龈基下。一
在项后中复骨下。一在脊骨上空。在风府上。脊骨下空。在尻骨下空。（本篇之所谓骨空者。言经脉之循于骨空之间而为
穴也。然骨空间。乃节之交。精髓上下相通之处。故复总论其通体骨节之空焉。诸髓皆会于脑。而为精髓之海。故先言
髓空在脑后锐骨之下。谓脑髓相通之处。在脑后锐骨之下有空也。一在龈基下者。谓脑前有空而通于齿根之上。鼻 之
间。故脑渗则为涕也。一在项后中复骨下者。在督脉之 门。入系舌本。谓脑之中通于舌下也。一在脊骨上空。在风府
上者。谓诸髓之从脊骨而上于风府。从风府而入通于脑也。所谓脊骨下空。在尻骨下空者。言脊髓之上通于脑。而下通
于尻臀之骨空也。）数髓空在面侠鼻。（数言素。言面之侠鼻间。而有数处之髓空也。）或骨空在口下。当两肩。（此言面
骨之通于肩骨也。言在面数处之骨空。或有在口下而通于肩骨者。）两 骨空。在 中之阳。（此两肩 之通于两臂也。
阳、外侧也。）臂骨空在臂阳。去踝四寸。两空骨之间。（此言两臂骨之相通也。踝谓手踝。去踝四寸。两骨空之间者。
谓髓在肱骨之中央。上通于肩臂。下通于手指者也。）股骨上空在股阳。出上膝四寸。（股骨谓大腿之骨。在膝上四寸。
是在骨之中央矣。盖言大骨之中空。而髓充于内。从两头之髓孔。上通于腰尻。下通于 骨。故下文云。扁骨无髓孔。
而中亦无空。） 骨空在辅骨之上端。（ 骨、小腿之骨。空在辅骨之上。上通于股骨。下通于跗指之骨也。）股际骨空在
毛中动下。（股际者。谓两大腿骨之上。小腹下之横骨。在两股骨之间。毛中动脉之下。）尻骨空在髀骨之后。相去四寸。
（尻骨、臀骨也。髀骨在股骨之上。少腹两旁。突起之大骨。前下连于横骨。后连于尻骨。）扁骨有渗理凑。无髓孔。易
髓无空。（此言扁骨之无髓空。而亦无髓孔之易髓也。髓孔者。谓节之交。有孔窍之相通。易髓者。谓通体大小之骨。精
髓互相资易者也。扁骨、肋骨也。其骨扁而中实无空。其节交之处。亦无髓孔以易髓。然于骨外之筋膜理腠间。而津液
亦互相灌渗。是上下周身之骨度。髓气流通。亦如经脉之环转无端者也。）灸寒热之法。先灸项大椎。以年为壮数。次
灸橛骨。以年为壮数。（此言鼠 寒热之病。而有二十九穴之灸法也。夫鼠 之本。在于水脏。其病出于三阳颈项之间。
故当先灸督脉之大椎。次灸尾穷之橛骨。盖督脉之原在肾。其脉在阳。而骨穴亦皆属于肾也。以年为壮者。谓子鼠为生
肖之始。十二岁一周。周而复始也。张兆璜曰。上节论刺者。泻脉中之毒也。此复论灸者。起在下之本也。）视背俞陷
黄帝问道：我听说风邪是各种疾病的起始原因。如果用针刺来治疗，应该怎么做？（按：这一篇论述骨空，但黄帝所问在于风邪，意思是治疗大风、寒热等各种证候，都应当选取骨空处的穴位进行针刺。人体有三百六十五个节，节的交会处，是神气游行出入的地方。所谓骨空，就是节的交会处。《灵枢·骨度》篇说：先测量骨节的大小宽窄，那么脉度的长短就确定了。经脉的长度，随着骨的长短而定。骨节的空处，就是脉的穴会。所以说，所谓的节，是神气游行出入的地方，不仅仅是皮肉筋骨。）
岐伯回答说：风邪从外部侵入，使人战栗发冷、出汗、头痛、身体沉重、怕冷。治疗应取风府穴，调和阴阳。正气不足就用补法，邪气有余就用泻法。（风邪从外侵入，同气相求，客居在皮肤之间。风为阳邪，损伤人的阳气，所以使人战栗发冷、出汗、头痛、身体沉重、怕冷。调和阴阳，就是调和血气。正气不足就补益它，邪气有余就疏泄它。这是说风邪在皮肤的气分，而治疗取风府穴，因为风府是督脉和阳维脉的交会穴。）
患大风导致颈项疼痛，针刺风府穴。风府穴位于上椎（大椎）之上。（这是说风邪进入经脉，也应当治疗风府穴。风伤卫气，卫气一天一夜在大椎的风府穴大会。因此大风的邪气，随着卫气直接侵入风府，导致头项疼痛。风府是督脉的穴位名，上椎指大椎。说风府在上椎，意思是经脉的穴位，位于骨空之间。）
患大风出汗，灸治俞府穴（此处原文可能有误或通假，根据上下文及WHO标准，通常指背俞穴或特定穴，原文作“ ”，结合后文解释为足太阳经脉之穴，在背骨六椎间旁开三寸，即魄户或神堂等穴，但原文未明示具体穴名，仅描述位置。注：原文此处缺字，根据注释“ 、足太阳经脉之穴...”，推测为魄户或类似穴，但为忠实原文，暂译其描述）。该穴在背部下方，脊柱两旁各三寸处。按压该穴，让病人呼喊“呵”字，手下应有感应。（汗是阴液，大风出汗，说明阳气受伤而邪气陷入经脉之下，所以应当灸治。该穴是足太阳经脉的穴位，在背部第六椎间隙，旁开三寸处。用手按压，让病人呼喊“呵”字，脉气应手。大概是因为“意”属脾志，“喜”属心志，心中有所忆念称为“意”，意所在的地方，神也随之而去。血气就是神气。节的交会处，是神气游行出入的地方，说的是脉气出于骨空，是神气灌注的地方。）
迎风怕风，针刺眉头（攒竹穴）。（迎风，即迎着风。迎风怕风，说明邪气在头额部，所以应当取眉间的骨穴。）
落枕，针刺肩上横骨间（肩井穴或相关穴）。（落枕会导致颈项强痛，所以应当针刺肩上横骨间的穴位。髓是骨的精华，脑是髓的海。髓向上汇聚于脑，通过枕骨间的脑空进入。所以本节论落枕，下节说头部的横骨叫枕。）
弯曲手臂使肘尖与齐平，对准脊中，灸治脊中穴。（折，指脊背像磬一样弯曲而不能伸展。榆通摇，意为摇动其手臂下垂至肘尖齐平，正对着脊中，以灸治脊中的节穴。）
络季胁，牵引少腹疼痛胀满，针刺某穴（原文缺字，据注释为足太阳经穴，可能指志室或胞肓等，注释提及“刺 络季胁...盖志意和...”，结合前文“呼呵”之意，此处可能指代特定穴，但原文缺失。根据注释“刺 络季胁...”，暂译为针刺相应穴位）。（络季胁，是肋骨的尽头，是少阳和厥阴经脉部署的地方。疼痛牵引少腹，是连及膀胱。太阳主一身阳气，所以阳气陷下的，灸太阳经的穴。胁腹牵引疼痛，也针刺该穴以疏泄。大概意志平和，筋骨就强健，邪病自然解除。张兆璜说：心中有所忆念称为意，意所在的地方称为志。少阳主骨，厥阴和太阳主筋。少阳和厥阴属木，木生于水，所以疼痛牵引少腹。）
腰痛不能转身摇晃，急迫牵引阴囊，针刺八髎穴以及与疼痛相关的部位。八髎穴位于腰尻的分界处。（腰痛不能转身摇晃，是肾将要衰惫的表现。急迫牵引阴囊，是连及厥阴经。也应当取足太阳经的上髎、次髎、中髎、下髎这八个穴位，以及少阴和厥阴本部的疼痛处。大概八髎穴在腰尻的骨间，筋骨生病，应当从骨空的穴位进行针刺。）
鼠瘰（淋巴结结核）寒热，返回针刺寒府。寒府位于附膝外侧的解谿（或委中，注释解释为委中穴附近）。取膝上外侧的穴位时让病人做拜的动作，取足心的穴位时让病人跪着。（鼠瘰寒热，是一种病。其根本在脏腑，其末梢上行出现在颈腋之间。天开于子时，足少阴肾经是天乙所生的水脏。其根本在脏腑，即在少阴肾脏。寒府者，膀胱是肾脏寒水的府库。病在脏而还取府的穴位，是说阴藏的邪气，应当从阳气来疏泄。营，指营穴。所说取的寒府穴位，在附着于膝外侧，筋营之间的委中穴。拜，即揖。取膝上外侧解谿的委中穴，让病人拜，则膝盖挺起而后伸直，穴位容易取到。如果还要取肾脏的本经穴位，让病人跪，跪则脚折叠，涌泉穴就在足心的横纹间了。以上论述大风、寒热等各种证候，应当取头项、脊背、足膝的骨空穴位，都是太阳经的穴位。）
任脉，起于中极穴之下，向上经过毛际，沿着腹部内侧，上行至关元穴，到达咽喉，上行至颐部，沿着面部进入目内眦。（这是说任脉也有骨空。任脉循行于腹部的肉穴，但起于中极之下，上至毛际并与横骨交会，循行膺胸的鸠尾、膻中、天突，而至于咽喉，上行至颐部循行承浆而入络于齿龈，又循行面部进入眼下，而络于承泣穴，这是始终都有骨穴的。）
冲脉，起于气街穴，并足少阴经，夹脐上行，至胸中而散。（气街即气冲穴，属于足阳明经穴，在小腹毛际两旁各二寸，横骨的两端。冲脉并足阳明和足少阴二经之间，循腹上行，夹脐左右各五分，上至胸中而散。再按冲任二脉，都起于胞中，上循背里，为经络之海。其浮而外的部分，起于气冲，循腹右上行，至胸中而散，淡渗于肌腠，充肤热肉，生毫毛。这是冲脉的血气，行于脉外。现在只说腹部而不说背部，是说冲脉的血气，散于脉外，而充于骨空。所以所谓的骨空，是说经脉之气，注入节的交会处成为穴位。至于骨空的血气，乃是脉外的血气。）
任脉生病，男子内部结聚成七疝，女子带下瘕聚。冲脉生病，气逆而里急。督脉生病，脊背强直反折。（这是说冲任之脉循行于腹部，所以其病在腹部；督脉循行于背部，所以其病在背部。七疝，病各异，名称不同。瘕，是假借血液而下时流出汁沫；聚，是气逆滞涩而成积聚。冲脉的血气，散于脉外的气分，所以生病则气逆里急。督脉的脉循行于背部，所以生病则脊背强直反折。大概背部为阳，督脉循行于背部而总督一身之阳。经云：阳病者不能俯，阴病者不能仰。）
督脉，起于少腹以下骨中央。女子入系廷孔。这个孔，是溺孔的端部。（这是论督脉循行于骨空。下骨中央，指毛际下横骨内的中央。廷孔，即阴户。溺孔的端，即阴内产门。这是说督脉起于少腹之内，所以举女子的产户来说明。应当知道男子的督脉，也起于少腹内宗筋的根本处。所以下文说：其男子循阴茎下至篡，与女子相等。大概本节举女子，则男子可知；下节论男子，则与女子相等。）
督脉的别络循行阴器，合于篡间，绕篡后，别行绕肾至少阴，与巨阳中络者合并。少阴经上行股内后廉，贯脊属肾。（篡初患切，臀音屯。篡间，前后阴相交之处。臀，即尻。言督脉的别络，前循阴器，合于篡间，绕前后二阴之后，又别络者，分而行之绕臀，与足太阳的中络者合并。少阴经上行股内后廉，贯脊属肾。按足太阳的中络者，循髀枢，络股阳而下贯臀，合足少阴，自股内后廉，贯脊属肾。而督脉的别络绕臀者，至少阴，与太阳中络所合之处相合而同上股，贯脊属肾。）
督脉与太阳经起于目内眦，上额交巅上，入络脑，还出别下项，循肩膊内，挟脊抵腰中，下循膂络肾。（这是说督脉循行于背部，乃从上而下。夫背部为阳，腹部为阴，督脉总督一身之阳，所以其脉循行于背部，复从上而下，若天气之下降。大概阳生于阴，所以其原出于前阴，循腹而上至于目。太阳主诸阳之气，其脉起于两目的睛明穴，而督脉也与太阳之脉，同上额交巅，络脑出项，循脊而下。这是阳气之环转于上下前后，犹天道之绕地一周。）
男子的督脉循阴茎下至篡，与女子相等。其少腹直上的分支，贯脐中央，上贯心，入喉上颐环唇，上系两目之下中央。（这是说督脉的原起，起于少腹内，分而为两支，一支循阴茎下至篡，而与女子相等；一支从少腹直上，贯脐入喉，上颐环唇，入颔交上齿缝中，上系于两目之下中央，会太阳于睛明穴。）
督脉在此生病，从少腹上冲心而痛，大小便不通为冲疝。女子不孕，癃痔遗溺，咽干。督脉生病，治疗督脉，治疗在骨上，严重的在脐下营穴。（这是说循行于腹的督脉生病，而取刺应当在骨间。大概病虽在腹之阴，而所治当从阳。其脉从少腹直上贯心，所以此生病从少腹上冲心而痛。绕于前后二阴的篡间，所以病则不得前后，而或为冲痛之疝。督脉同冲任并起于胞间，所以在女子则为不孕。如病在前后两阴之间，而男女皆为癃痔。如在于廷孔阴茎之内，则皆为遗溺。如上入于喉，则为咸嗌干。这是在腹的督脉生病，而所治当在骨上。若病重而不愈的，兼取于脐下的营穴。营谓腹间的肉穴，骨谓脊背的骨穴。）
其上气而有声音的，治疗喉中央，在缺盆中的穴位（天突穴）。其病上冲喉的，治疗渐穴。渐穴，在上侠颐处。（这是说胸喉间的督脉生病者，当取膺颐间的骨穴。其气上逆而呼吸有声音的，治疗喉中央，在两缺盆中的天突穴。如病上冲喉的，治疗其渐穴。渐穴，是说督脉入喉者，上唇齿而渐分两歧，侠颐入目，应当在渐上侠颐之处而刺之。）
膝关节僵硬，伸屈不利，治疗楗穴。（本节论膝之为病，而当治其机楗骸关的骨空。蹇膝，指行动迟缓而难于屈伸。下文说：辅骨上横骨下为楗。）
坐着而膝痛，治疗机穴。（坐着而膝痛，是屈而不伸。所以应当治疗其机。机关利则屈伸皆利。夫屈而不伸的病在筋，伸而不屈的病在骨。膝是筋的会合，而诸筋皆属于筋，所以特别论及其膝。）
站立而膝解中发热，治疗骸关穴。（暑，即热。膝解为骸关，站立而骨解中热的，取骸关以治之，即膝解处。）
膝痛，疼痛波及拇指，治疗跗阳穴（或相关穴，原文缺字，注释提及“足之拇指...故当治其...”）。足之拇指，是厥阴肝经的井荥穴。骸下为辅骨，辅骨之上为跗中。厥阴之脉，上跗内廉，所以应当治疗其跗阳（或相应穴）。（足之拇指，是厥阴肝经的井荥穴。骸下为辅骨，辅骨之上为跗中。厥阴之脉，上跗内廉，所以应当治疗其相应穴位。）
坐着而膝痛如物隐伏，治疗关穴。（如物隐伏，是邪留于骨节间。所以应当治疗其关。关开则邪出矣。）
膝痛不可屈伸，治疗背内（太阳经）。（膝痛不可屈伸，筋骨皆病。当取背内太阳之经以治之。太阳寒水主骨，而阳气养筋。）
连胫骨若折断，治疗阳明经的中俞穴（足三里）。（膝痛而连胫骨若折断的，治疗阳明之中俞足三里穴。）
若分离，治疗巨阳少阴的荥穴。（谓连若折断而有别治之法，可取太阳少阴的荥穴。大概骨是太阳少阴所主的。）
腿酸软无力，小腿酸痛，不能久立，治疗少阳之维脉，在外踝上五寸（光明穴）。（这又言少阳之主骨。少阳为枢，枢折则骨摇而不安于地。骨摇者，节缓而不收，所以腿酸软小腿酸痛，不能久立。当治疗少阳之维脉，在外踝上五寸的光明穴。）
辅骨上横骨下为楗，侠髋为机，膝解为骸关，侠膝之骨为连骸，骸下为辅，辅上为跗，跗上为关，头横骨为枕。（楗与键同。髋音宽，骸音谐，跗音国。这是承接上文而言腰膝胫骨的释名。辅骨上为腰，髋骨下为楗。膝上为机，膝盖骨为解，膝外为骸关。关下为跗，跗下为辅骨，辅骨上为连骸。连骸者，是骸骨相连接处。夫腰脊者，身之大关节也。膝胫者，人之管以趋翔也。所以独举腰膝而曰关、曰楗、曰机、曰骸，命名之义，良有以也。夫少阳少阴主骨，而阴阳之气，皆从下而生，则骨气亦从下而上。骨之精髓，从枕骨之髓空而会于脑，所以论膝胫之骨，而说头横骨为枕，言骨气的上下相通。）
水俞五十七穴，位于尻上五行，每行五穴。伏兔上两行，每行五穴。左右各一行，每行五穴。踝上各一行，每行六穴。（这是说水俞五十七穴，也都循行于骨空。）
髓空在脑后三分，在颅际锐骨之下。一个在龈基下，一个在项后中复骨下，一个在脊骨上空，在风府上。脊骨下空，在尻骨下空。（本篇所谓的骨空，是说经脉循行于骨空之间而成为穴位。然而骨空间，是节的交会，精髓上下相通之处，所以又总论其通体骨节之空。诸髓都汇聚于脑，而为精髓之海，所以先说髓空在脑后锐骨之下，谓脑髓相通之处，在脑后锐骨之下有空。一个在龈基下，谓脑前有空而通于齿根之上，鼻准之间，所以脑渗则为涕。一个在项后中复骨下，在督脉之门，入系舌本，谓脑之中通于舌下。一个在脊骨上空，在风府上，谓诸髓之从脊骨而上于风府，从风府而入通于脑。所谓脊骨下空，在尻骨下空，是说脊髓之上通于脑，而下通于尻臀之骨空。）
面颊侠鼻处有多个髓空。（数言素，言面之侠鼻间，而有数处的髓空。）
或者骨空在口下，当两肩。（这是说面骨之通于肩骨。言在面数处的骨空，或者有在口下而通于肩骨的。）
两肩骨空，在肩中之阳（外侧）。（这两肩之通于两臂。阳，指外侧。）
臂骨空在臂阳，去踝四寸，两空骨之间。（这是说两臂骨之相通。踝谓手踝，去踝四寸，两骨空之间，谓髓在肱骨之中央，上通于肩臂，下通于手指。）
股骨上空在股阳，出上膝四寸。（股骨谓大腿之骨，在膝上四寸，是在骨之中央。大概言大骨之中空，而髓充于内，从两头之髓孔，上通于腰尻，下通于胫骨，所以下文说：扁骨无髓孔，而中亦无空。）
胫骨空在辅骨之上端。（胫骨，小腿之骨，空在辅骨之上，上通于股骨，下通于跗指之骨。）
股际骨空在毛中动脉下。（股际者，谓两大腿骨之上，小腹下之横骨，在两股骨之间，毛中动脉之下。）
尻骨空在髀骨之后，相去四寸。（尻骨，臀骨也。髀骨在股骨之上，少腹两旁，突起之大骨，前下连于横骨，后连于尻骨。）
扁骨有渗理凑，无髓孔，易髓无空。（这是说扁骨之无髓空，而亦无髓孔之易髓。髓孔者，谓节之交，有孔窍之相通。易髓者，谓通体大小之骨，精髓互相资易。扁骨，肋骨也。其骨扁而中实无空，其节交之处，亦无髓孔以易髓。然于骨外之筋膜理腠间，而津液亦互相灌渗，是上下周身之骨度，髓气流通，亦如经脉之环转无端。）
灸治寒热的方法，先灸项大椎，以年龄为壮数。次灸橛骨（尾骨），以年龄为壮数。（这是说鼠瘰寒热之病，而有二十九穴的灸法。夫鼠瘰之本，在于水脏，其病出于三阳颈项之间，所以当先灸督脉的大椎，次灸尾穷之橛骨。大概督脉的原在肾，其脉在阳，而骨穴亦皆属于肾。以年为壮，谓子鼠为生肖之始，十二岁一周，周而复始。张兆璜说：上节论刺者，泻脉中之毒也。此复论灸者，起在下之本。）
观察背俞陷下...
Huangdi asked: I have heard that wind is the beginning of all diseases. How should one treat it with acupuncture? (Note: This chapter discusses bone spaces, but the Emperor's question concerns wind, meaning that for treating major wind, cold, heat, and various syndromes, one should select acupoints at the bone spaces for needling. The human body has 365 joints. At the intersections of these joints, Shen Qi (Spiritual Energy) travels in and out. "Bone spaces" refer to the intersection points of joints. The *Ling Shu: Gu Du* chapter states: First measure the size and width of the bone joints, then the length of the meridians can be determined. The length of the meridians follows the length of the bones. The empty spaces of the bone joints are where the vessels meet as acupoints. Thus, it is said that what is referred to as "joints" are places where Shen Qi travels in and out, not merely skin, flesh, sinews, and bones.)
Qibo replied: Wind invading from outside causes chills, sweating, headache, heaviness of the body, and aversion to cold. Treatment should focus on Fengfu (GV16), regulating Yin and Yang. If there is deficiency, tonify; if there is excess, sedate. (Wind invading from outside enters the skin due to similar qi affinity. Wind is a Yang pathogen that damages the body's Yang Qi, causing chills, sweating, headache, body heaviness, and aversion to cold. Regulating Yin and Yang harmonizes the blood and Qi. Tonify when Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) is deficient; sedate when Xie Qi (Pathogenic Qi) is excessive. This describes wind affecting the Qi level of the skin, treated at Fengfu, which is the meeting point of the Du Meridian and the Yang Wei Mai.)
For severe wind causing neck and head pain, needle Fengfu (GV16). Fengfu is located above the upper vertebra (Dazhui, GV14). (This indicates that when wind pathogen enters the meridians, Fengfu should also be treated. Wind damages the Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), which gathers at Fengfu once a day and night. Therefore, severe wind pathogens follow the Wei Qi directly into Fengfu, causing head and neck pain. Fengfu is an acupoint of the Du Meridian; "upper vertebra" refers to Dazhui. Saying "Fengfu is above the upper vertebra" means the meridian acupoints are located within the bone spaces.)
For severe wind with sweating, moxa [missing character, described as a Foot Taiyang acupoint three cun lateral to the spine below the back]. Press this point and ask the patient to exclaim "He". There should be a palpable response under the hand. (Sweat is Yin fluid. Sweating from severe wind indicates damaged Yang Qi and pathogen sinking into the lower levels of the meridians, so moxibustion is indicated. This point is on the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, located between the sixth thoracic vertebrae, three cun lateral to the spine. Pressing it while the patient says "He" elicits a pulse response. This relates to the concept that "Yi" (Intent) belongs to the Spleen and "Xi" (Joy) to the Heart. What the mind recalls is "Yi"; where Yi resides, Shen follows. Blood and Qi are Shen Qi. At joint intersections, Shen Qi travels in and out; this refers to Qi emerging from bone spaces where Shen Qi concentrates.)
For aversion to wind triggered by exposure, needle the brow ridge (Cuanzhu, BL2). (Aversion to wind upon exposure indicates pathogen in the forehead region, so the bony acupoint at the eyebrows should be selected.)
For stiff neck (Shi Zhen), needle the transverse bone area on the shoulder. (Stiff neck causes neck stiffness and pain, so needle the acupoints in the transverse bone area of the shoulder. Marrow is the essence of bone; the brain is the sea of marrow. Marrow converges into the brain via the Kongzhui (Brain Empty) at the occipital bone. Thus, this section discusses stiff neck, and the next section mentions the transverse bone of the head is the occiput.)
Flex the arm so the elbow aligns with the navel, facing the Zhongji (GV9) point on the spine, and apply moxibustion to Zhongji. ("Zhe" refers to the back bending like a磬 (stone chime) and unable to extend. "Yu" sounds like "yao" (shake). Shake the arm down until the elbow tip aligns with the navel, facing the Zhongji point on the spine, and moxa this spinal segment.)
[Missing character] connecting to the hypochondrium, pulling pain and distension in the lower abdomen, needle [missing character]. ([Missing character] connects to the hypochondrium, the end of the ribs, where Shaoyang and Jueyin meridians are distributed. Pain pulling to the lower abdomen involves the Bladder. Taiyang governs Yang Qi; for sinking Yang Qi, moxa Taiyang points. For hypochondriac and abdominal pulling pain, needle [missing character] to drain. Harmonized intent strengthens sinews and bones, resolving disease. Zhang Zhaohuang stated: Intent resides in the mind; Shaoyang governs bones, Jueyin and Taiyang govern sinews. Shaoyang and Jueyin belong to Wood, born from Water, hence pain pulls to the lower abdomen.)
Lower back pain preventing turning or shaking, urgently pulling the scrotum, needle the Ba Liao (Eight Clefts) points and areas of pain. Ba Liao are located in the sacrococcygeal clefts. (Inability to turn due to lower back pain indicates impending Kidney failure. Urgent pulling of the scrotum involves Jueyin. Select the Upper, Secondary, Middle, and Lower Ba Liao points of the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, along with painful areas of the Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians. Ba Liao are in the sacrococcygeal bones; for bone and sinew disorders, needle bone space acupoints.)
Shu Luan (scrofula/lymph node tuberculosis) with alternating chills and fever, return to needle Han Fu (Cold Mansion). Han Fu is located at the lateral aspect of the knee, near the Weizhong (BL40) area. To locate the upper lateral knee point, have the patient bow; to locate the foot center point, have them kneel. (Shu Luan with chills/fever originates in the Zang organs and manifests in the neck/axilla. The Kidney (Shaoyin) is the water organ generated by Heaven at Zi hour. "Han Fu" refers to the Bladder, the mansion of Kidney cold water. Treating the Fu for Zang disease drains Yin pathogens via Yang Qi. "Ying" refers to Ying points. Han Fu is near Weizhong (BL40) between the tendons. Bowing straightens the knee for easier access to Weizhong. Kneeling exposes Yongquan (KI1) in the sole crease. These sections discuss treating major wind/cold/heat by selecting bone space points on the head, neck, back, legs, and knees, all Taiyang points.)
The Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) originates below Zhongji (CV3), ascends through the pubic hair line, runs inside the abdomen, passes Guan Yuan (CV4), reaches the throat, ascends to the chin, follows the face, and enters the eyes. (This describes the Ren Mai's bone spaces. It runs through fleshy acupoints of the abdomen but originates below Zhongji, meets Henggu (CV2), passes Jiwei (CV15), Danzhong (CV17), Tiantu (CV22), reaches the throat, Chengjiang (CV24), enters the gums, follows the face to Chengqi (ST1), showing continuous bony connections.)
The Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) originates at Qichong (ST30), runs alongside the Shaoyin Meridian, ascends flanking the umbilicus, and disperses in the chest. (Qichong is a Foot Yangming acupoint, two cun lateral to the midline at the pubic hair line. Chong Mai runs between Yangming and Shaoyin, five fen lateral to the umbilicus, ascending to the chest. Both Chong and Ren originate in the Bao Zhong (Uterus/Mid-Jiao), ascend the back, and serve as the Sea of Meridians. Their superficial parts rise from Qichong, disperse in the chest, nourish skin/flesh/hair. This blood/Qi moves outside the vessels. The text mentions only the abdomen because Chong Qi disperses outside vessels into bone spaces. Bone spaces are where meridian Qi injects into joint intersections. Bone space blood/Qi is extra-vascular.)
Ren Mai disorders: Men develop seven types of Hernia (Qi Shi); women develop leukorrhea and masses (Jia Ju). Chong Mai disorders: rebellious Qi and internal urgency. Du Mai disorders: stiff spine and opisthotonos. (Chong/Ren disorders affect the abdomen; Du Mai disorders affect the back. "Jia" implies false blood/fluid discharge; "Ju" implies Qi stagnation/masses. Chong Qi disorder causes rebellious Qi/internal urgency. Du Mai governs the back/Yang; disorder causes stiffness/opisthotonos. Yang disorders prevent bending forward; Yin disorders prevent bending backward.)
The Du Mai (Governing Vessel) originates in the central bone below the lower abdomen. In women, it enters and connects to Ting Kong (vulva). This opening is the end of the urinary meatus. (This discusses Du Mai in bone spaces. "Central bone below" is the center of the pubic bone. Ting Kong is the vulva; end of urinary meatus is the vaginal opening. Du Mai originates internally in the lower abdomen. Men's Du Mai also originates at the root of the Zong Jin (tendons/genitals). As stated later: In men, it follows the penis to the perineum, equal to women.)
Its collateral follows the genitalia, merges at the perineum (Cuan), circles behind the anus, branches to the Kidney reaching Shaoyin, merging with the middle collateral of Taiyang. Shaoyin ascends the medial posterior thigh, pierces the spine, and connects to the Kidney. (Cuan is the junction of anterior/posterior orifices. The Du collateral follows genitals to Cuan, circles anus, branches to buttocks, merging with Taiyang's middle collateral. Taiyang's middle collateral follows the hip, crosses the lateral thigh, descends to buttocks, merges with Shaoyin, ascends medial posterior thigh, pierces spine, connects to Kidney. Du's branch to buttocks meets Taiyang at Shaoyin, ascending together.)
It joins Taiyang starting at Jingming (BL1) inside the eye, ascends the forehead, crosses the vertex, enters the brain, emerges to descend the neck, follows the shoulder interior, flanks the spine to the waist, descends along the paraspinal muscles to connect with the Kidney. (Du Mai on the back descends from top to bottom, governing Yang. Originating from the anterior orifice, it ascends to the eyes. Taiyang governs Yang Qi, starting at Jingming. Du and Taiyang cross the vertex, enter brain, emerge to neck, descend spine. This is the circular movement of Yang Qi, like heaven circling the earth.)
In men, it follows the penis to the perineum, equal to women. Its branch rising straight from the lower abdomen pierces the umbilicus, ascends through the heart, enters the throat, circles the lips, and connects to the center below both eyes. (Du Mai originates in lower abdomen, splitting: one to perineum, one ascending through umbilicus, heart, throat, lips, to below eyes, meeting Taiyang at Jingming.)
Disorders here: Qi rushing from lower abdomen to heart causing pain, inability to pass urine/stool (Chong Hernia). Women: infertility, strangury, hemorrhoids, enuresis, dry throat. Treat Du Mai disorders at bone tops; severe cases at Ying point below umbilicus. (Abdominal Du Mai disorders require needling bone spaces. Though disease is Yin (abdomen), treatment follows Yang. Rising Qi causes heart pain. Circumferential perineal involvement causes retention/hernia. Shared origin with Chong/Ren causes infertility. Perineal disease causes strangury/hemorrhoids/enuresis. Throat involvement causes dryness. Treat bone tops; severe cases add Ying point (fleshy abdominal point) below umbilicus.)
For upward Qi with sound, treat the center of the throat at Quepen (CV22). For disease rushing up the throat, treat Jian (gradual) point, located lateral to the chin. (Throat/Du disorders require Ying-Yi bone points. Upward Qi with sound treated at Tiantu (CV22) between clavicles. Rushing throat disease treated at Jian, where Du splits lateral to chin towards eyes.)
Stiff knee difficult to flex/extend, treat Jian (key/bolt). (Knee disease treated at Ji-Jian-Hai-Guan bone spaces. "Jian" means slow/difficult movement. Below: Above auxiliary bone, below transverse bone is Jian.)
Sitting knee pain, treat Ji (joint/mechanism). (Sitting knee pain implies flexion without extension. Treat Ji. If mechanism is free, flexion/extension improve. Flexion issue affects sinews; extension issue affects bones. Knee is sinew convergence.)
Standing knee heat, treat Hai Guan (bone gate). ("Shu" means heat. Knee resolution is Hai Guan. Standing heat at bone resolution treated at Hai Guan.)
Knee pain extending to big toe, treat [missing character, likely Fuyang or related]. Big toe is Shaoyang/Jueyin Jing-River points. Below knee is auxiliary bone; above is Fuzhong. Jueyin meridian ascends medial Fuzhong; treat accordingly.
Sitting knee pain feeling like hidden object, treat Guan (gate). (Hidden sensation indicates pathogen in joint spaces. Open Guan to expel pathogen.)
Knee pain with inability to flex/extend, treat Back Interior (Taiyang). (Both bone/sinew affected. Treat Taiyang. Taiyang Cold-Water governs bone; Yang Qi nourishes sinews.)
Connected tibia fracture-like pain, treat Yangming Middle Shu (Zusanli, ST36). (Tibial fracture-like pain treated at ST36.)
If separated, treat Taiyang-Shaoyin Jing-River points. (Bones governed by Taiyang-Shaoyin.)
Leg weakness, calf soreness, inability to stand long, treat Shaoyang Wei (Linking Vessel) at Guangming (GB37), five cun above lateral malleolus. (Shaoyang governs bones. Pivot break causes bone instability/wobbling. Joint laxity causes leg soreness/inability to stand. Treat Guangming.)
Auxiliary bone above, transverse bone below is Jian. Flanking hip is Ji. Knee resolution is Hai Guan. Bone flanking knee is Lian Hai. Below Hai is Fu. Above Fu is [missing character]. Above that is Guan. Head transverse bone is Occiput. (Definitions of lumbar/knee/tibia bones. Lumbar/spine are major joints; legs are tubes for movement. Named Guan, Jian, Ji, Hai. Shaoyang/Shao Yin govern bones; Qi rises from below. Marrow flows from Occiput to brain, explaining connection.)
Water Acupoints (57): Five rows above sacrum (5 each). Two rows above Futu (5 each). One row each side (5 each). One row above each ankle (6 each). (All follow bone spaces.)
Marrow Spaces: Three fen behind head, below sharp bone of skull. One below gum base. One below double bone at back of neck. One above spine at Fengfu. Space below spine at sacrum. (Bone spaces are joint intersections for marrow flow. Marrows converge in Brain Sea. Posterior space connects to teeth/nose (mucus). Neck space connects to tongue. Spine/Fengfu space connects brain-spine. Sacral space connects spine-sacrum.)
Multiple marrow spaces on face flanking nose. Or bone spaces below mouth connecting to shoulders. Shoulder spaces lateral to arms. Arm spaces four cun above wrist, between two bones. Thigh space four cun above knee. Tibia space above fibula head. Hip space below pubic artery. Sacrum space four cun behind femur. Flat bones (ribs) have permeable textures, no marrow pores, yet exchange essence via fluids. (Flat bones lack marrow pores but allow fluid exchange, circulating Qi like meridians.)
Moxibustion for chills/fever: Moxa Dazhui first, number of moxa cones equals age. Then moxa Jiegu (coccyx), age equals cones. (Scrofula chills/feather treated at 29 points. Root in Water Organ (Kidney), manifest in Yang neck. Moxa Dazhui (Yang/Kidney source), then Coccyx. Age-based cones reflect 12-year cycles. Needling drains vessel toxins; moxibustion raises root.)
Observe sunken Back Shu points...