黄帝问曰∶有病心腹满,旦食则不能暮食,此为何病?岐伯对曰∶名为鼓胀。帝曰∶治之奈何?岐伯曰∶
治之以鸡矢醴,一剂知,二剂已。帝曰∶其时有复发者何也?岐伯曰∶此饮食不节,故时有病也。虽然其病
且已,时故当病,气聚于腹也。帝曰∶有病胸胁支满者,妨于食,病至则先闻腥臊臭,出清液,先唾血,四肢
清,目眩,时时前后血,病名为何?何以得之?岐伯曰∶病名血枯,此得之年少时,有所大脱血,若醉入房中,气竭
肝伤,故月事衰少不来也。帝曰∶治之奈何?复以何术?岐伯曰∶以四乌 骨一 茹二物并合之,丸以雀卵,
大如小豆,以五丸为后
饭,饮以鲍鱼汁,利肠中及伤肝也。帝曰∶病有少腹盛,上下左右皆有根,此为何病?可治不?岐伯曰∶病名
曰伏梁。帝曰∶伏梁何因而得之?岐伯曰∶裹大脓血,居肠胃之外,不可治,治之每切按之致死。帝曰∶何以
然?岐伯曰∶此下则因阴,必下脓血,上则迫胃脘,生膈,挟胃脘内痈,此久病也,难治。居脐
上为逆,居脐下为从,勿动亟夺。论在《刺法》中。帝曰∶人有身体髀股 皆肿,环脐而痛,是为何病?
岐伯曰∶病名伏梁,此风根也。其气溢于大肠而着于肓,肓之原在脐下,故环脐而痛也。不可动之,动之为
水溺涩之病。帝曰∶夫子数言热中消中,不可服高梁芳草石药,石药发 ,芳草发狂。夫热中消中者,皆
富贵人也,今禁高梁,是不合其心,禁芳草石药,是病不愈,愿闻其说。岐伯曰∶夫芳草之气美,石药之气
悍,二者其气急疾坚劲,故非缓心和人,不可以服此二
者。帝曰∶不可以服此二者,何以然?岐伯曰∶夫热气 悍,药气亦然,二者相遇,恐内伤脾,脾者土也而
恶木,服此药者,至甲乙日更论。帝曰∶善。有病膺肿颈痛胸满腹胀,此为何病?何以得之?岐伯曰∶名厥逆
。帝曰∶治之奈何?岐伯曰∶灸之则喑,石之则狂,须其气并,乃可治也。帝曰∶何以然?岐伯曰∶阳气重
上,有余于上,灸之则阳气入阴,入则喑;石之则阳气虚,虚则狂;须其气并而治之,可使全也。帝曰∶善。
何以知怀子之且生也?岐伯曰∶身有病而无邪脉也。帝曰∶病热而有所痛
者何也?岐伯曰∶病热者,阳脉也,以三阳之动也,人迎一盛少阳,二盛太阳,三盛阳明,入阴也。夫阳入于
阴,故病在头与腹,乃 胀而头痛也。帝曰∶善。
黄帝问道:有人患心腹部胀满,早晨吃了东西到了晚上就不能再吃,这是什么病?岐伯回答说:这种病名叫鼓胀。黄帝说:怎么治疗呢?岐伯说:用鸡矢醴来治疗,服一剂后症状就会减轻,服两剂后病就好了。黄帝说:为什么有时还会复发呢?岐伯说:这是因为饮食不节制,所以疾病时有发作。虽然病情暂时缓解,但如果不注意调养,气机再次郁结于腹部,病就会再次发生。
黄帝问:有人患胸胁部支撑胀满,影响进食,发病时先闻到腥臊臭味,流出清稀液体,先唾血,四肢发冷,头晕目眩,时常大小便出血,这叫什么病?是怎么得的?岐伯说:这病名叫血枯,这是年轻时曾经有过大量失血,或者在醉酒后进行房事,导致气竭肝伤,所以月经量减少甚至闭经不来。黄帝说:怎么治疗呢?用什么方法?岐伯说:将四份乌贼骨和一份藘茹(茜草)混合,用雀卵做丸药,大小如小豆,每次以五丸为量,饭后服用,用鲍鱼汁送服,这样可以通利肠道并修复受损的肝脏。
黄帝问:有人患少腹部坚硬胀满,上下左右都有根脚,这是什么病?可以治疗吗?岐伯说:这病名叫伏梁。黄帝问:伏梁是什么原因引起的?岐伯说:这是包裹着大脓血,位于肠胃之外,不可治疗,如果治疗时强行切按,会导致死亡。黄帝问:为什么这样?岐伯说:向下则会损伤阴分,必然导致下脓血;向上则压迫胃脘,产生膈塞,夹杂胃脘内部痈肿,这是久病,难以治愈。病灶在脐上为逆证,在脐下为顺证,不要随意触动,切忌强行攻夺。相关论述在《刺法》篇中。
黄帝问:有人身体大腿和股部都肿胀,环绕肚脐疼痛,这是什么病?岐伯说:这病名叫伏梁,这是风邪之根。其气溢于大肠而附着于肓膜,肓膜的根源在脐下,所以环绕肚脐疼痛。不可触动它,触动它就会引起小便涩滞不通的病。
黄帝说:先生多次提到热中和消中患者,不可以服用高粱厚味、芳草类和金石类药物,因为金石类药物会引发癫疾,芳草类药物会引发狂症。那些热中和消中的病人,都是富贵人家的人,现在禁止他们食用高粱厚味,不合他们的心意;禁止使用芳草和金石药物,病又治不好,希望听听其中的道理。岐伯说:芳草的气味芳香浓烈,金石药物的药性猛烈,这两类药物的气机急疾坚劲,所以对于性情急躁不能缓和心境的人来说,不可以服用这两种药。黄帝问:不可以服用这两种药,为什么呢?岐伯说:热气猛烈,药气也是如此,两者相遇,恐怕会内伤脾脏,脾属土而恶木,服用这些药物的人,等到甲乙日(木旺之日)病情会有变化,届时再作讨论。黄帝说:好。
有人患胸部肿胀、颈部疼痛、胸满腹胀,这是什么病?怎么引起的?岐伯说:名叫厥逆。黄帝说:怎么治疗?岐伯说:如果用艾灸,会导致失音;如果用砭石放血,会导致发狂。必须等待阴阳之气调和,才可以治疗。黄帝问:为什么这样?岐伯说:阳气重聚于上部,上部阳气有余,艾灸会使阳气陷入阴分,陷入阴分就会失音;砭石放血会使阳气虚弱,虚则神志失常而发狂;必须等待阴阳之气并合调和后再进行治疗,才能使疾病痊愈。黄帝说:好。
如何知道怀孕即将分娩?岐伯说:身体虽然有病象,但脉象没有邪气。
黄帝问:患热病并且伴有疼痛的是什么情况?岐伯说:患热病的人,阳脉动盛,这是由于三阳经气发动所致。人迎脉搏动比寸口快一倍是少阳病,快两倍是太阳病,快三倍是阳明病,此时阳气入于阴分。阳气进入阴分,所以病位在头部和腹部,于是出现腹满胀痛和头痛。黄帝说:好。
Huangdi asked, "There is a disease characterized by fullness and distension in the heart and abdomen. The patient cannot eat dinner if they have eaten breakfast. What is this disease?" Qibo replied, "It is named Gu Zhang (Drum Distension)." Huangdi said, "How should it be treated?" Qibo said, "Treat it with Jishi Li (Chicken Dropping Wine). One dose will show improvement, and two doses will cure it." Huangdi said, "Why does it sometimes recur?" Qibo said, "This is due to irregular diet, hence the disease occurs from time to time. Although the disease may seem resolved, it will recur because Qi accumulates in the abdomen."
Huangdi asked, "There is a person with distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, which interferes with eating. At the onset of the disease, they first smell a fishy or foul odor, discharge clear fluid, expectorate blood, feel cold in the four limbs, experience dizziness, and frequently bleed from both the upper and lower orifices. What is this disease called? How is it contracted?" Qibo said, "The disease is named Xue Ku (Blood Dryness). It originates from a time when the person was young and suffered significant blood loss, or engaged in sexual intercourse while intoxicated, leading to exhaustion of Qi and injury to the Liver. Consequently, menstruation becomes scanty or ceases entirely." Huangdi said, "How should it be treated? What method should be used?" Qibo said, "Combine Si parts of Wumei Gu (Cuttlefish Bone) and Yi part of Qushu (Rubia Cordifolia), form pills using Qu E Luan (Sparrow Egg) as a binder, making them the size of small beans. Take five pills after meals, washed down with Baoyu Zhi (Abalone Juice), to promote intestinal lubrication and heal Liver damage."
Huangdi asked, "There is a person with hardness and fullness in the lower abdomen, with roots palpable above, below, left, and right. What is this disease? Is it treatable?" Qibo said, "The disease is named Fu Liang (Hidden Beam)." Huangdi asked, "What causes Fu Liang?" Qibo said, "It contains large amounts of pus and blood, residing outside the intestines and stomach. It is untreatable; attempting treatment by pressing or manipulating it can lead to death." Huangdi asked, "Why is that?" Qibo said, "If manipulated downward, it damages Yin, inevitably causing discharge of pus and blood from below. If pushed upward, it compresses the epigastrium, causing Di Ge (Diaphragmatic obstruction) and internal carbuncles near the stomach. This is a chronic condition and difficult to treat. Lesions above the umbilicus are considered adverse (Ni), while those below are favorable (Cong). Do not disturb it, and avoid aggressive depletion. The discussion is found in the Ci Fa (Needling Methods) chapter."
Huangdi asked, "There is a person with swelling in the thighs and legs, and pain circling the umbilicus. What is this disease?" Qibo said, "The disease is named Fu Liang. This is a root of Wind pathogen. Its Qi overflows into the Large Intestine and adheres to the Huang (Ming/Epigastric region). The source of the Huang is below the umbilicus, hence the pain circling the umbilicus. Do not manipulate it; manipulation will cause difficulty in urination (Shui Niao Se)."
Huangdi said, "You have often stated that patients with Re Zhong (Heat Middle) and Xiao Zhong (Consumption Middle) should not consume Gao Liang (rich/fatty foods), Fang Cao (aromatic herbs), or Shi Yao (mineral drugs). Mineral drugs induce Dian Ji (Epilepsy/Madness), and aromatic herbs induce Kuang (Mania). Patients with Re Zhong and Xiao Zhong are usually wealthy individuals. Prohibiting rich foods contradicts their desires, and prohibiting aromatic/mineral drugs leaves the illness uncured. I wish to hear your explanation." Qibo said, "Fang Cao has a beautiful/aromatic Qi, and Shi Yao has a fierce/pungent Qi. Both have rapid, firm, and strong properties. Therefore, for those who cannot calm their mind and soothe their nature, these two types of drugs should not be taken." Huangdi asked, "Why should they not be taken?" Qibo said, "The pathogenic Heat is fierce, and the drug Qi is similarly fierce. When the two meet, there is fear of internal injury to the Spleen. The Spleen belongs to Earth and dislikes Wood. For those taking these drugs, discuss the prognosis again on Jia Yi days (Wood days)." Huangdi said, "Excellent."
"There is a person with swelling in the chest and neck, chest fullness, and abdominal distension. What is this disease? How is it caused?" Qibo said, "It is named Jue Ni (Jue-Ni Reversal)." Huangdi asked, "How should it be treated?" Qibo said, "Moxibustion will cause aphonia (Yin); stone therapy (Bian Shi/Bloodletting) will cause mania (Kuang). You must wait for the Qi to harmonize before treating." Huangdi asked, "Why?" Qibo said, "Yang Qi is heavy and rises upward, resulting in excess Yang above. Moxibustion forces Yang Qi into Yin, leading to aphonia. Stone therapy depletes Yang Qi, leading to mania due to deficiency. Treatment must wait until the Qi harmonizes to ensure complete recovery." Huangdi said, "Excellent."
"How do we know that a pregnant woman is about to give birth?" Qibo said, "The body shows signs of illness, but the pulse lacks pathogenic characteristics (Wu Xie Mai)."
Huangdi asked, "What is the situation when a person suffering from heat also experiences pain?" Qibo said, "In heat diseases, the Yang pulse is active. This is due to the movement of the Three Yang channels. If the Renying pulse is one-fold stronger than the Cunkou, it is Shaoyang disease; two-fold stronger, Taiyang disease; three-fold stronger, Yangming disease. At this point, Yang enters Yin. Since Yang enters Yin, the disease manifests in the head and abdomen, causing abdominal distension and headache." Huangdi said, "Excellent."