脉浮当吐。久得脉涩，卒难开也，必费调
理。大凡治痰用利药过多。致脾气虚，
则痰易生而多。湿痰，用苍术、白术；热痰，用青黛、黄连、芩；食积痰，用神曲、麦芽、
山楂；风
泻亦不能去。风痰多见奇证，湿痰多见倦怠软弱。气实痰热结在上者，吐难得出。痰清者属寒，
二陈汤之类。胶固稠浊者，必用吐。热痰挟风，外证为多。热者清之；食积者，必用攻之；
兼气虚者，用补气药送；痰因火盛逆上者，以致火为先，白术、黄芩、软石膏之类；内伤挟
，必用参、 、白术之属，多用姜汁传送，或加半夏；虚甚，加竹沥；中气不足，加参、术
。痰之为物，随气升降，无处不到。脾虚者，宜清中气以运痰降下，二陈汤加白术之类
，兼用升麻提起。中焦有痰则食积，胃气亦赖所养，卒不便虚，若攻之尽，则虚矣。痰成
，或吐咯不出，兼气郁者，难治。气湿痰热者，难治。痰在肠胃间者，可下而愈；在经络中，非吐
不可。吐法中就有发散之义焉。假如痫病，因惊而得，惊则神出舍，舍空则痰生也。血气入
在舍，而拒其神，不能归焉。血伤必用姜汁传送。黄芩治热痰，假其下火也。竹沥滑痰。
非姜汁不能行经络。五倍子能治老痰，佐他药，大治顽痰。二陈汤，一身之痰都治管，如要下
加引下药；在上，加引上药。凡用吐药，宜升提其气，便吐也，如防风、山栀、川芎、桔梗
、芽
、片芩、僵蚕，猪牙、皂角之类（诸吐法另具于后）。
凡人身上中下有块者多是痰，问其平日好食何物，吐下后，方为药。许学士用苍术治痰
成窠囊一边行极妙。痰挟瘀血，遂成窠囊。眩运嘈杂，乃火动其痰，用二陈汤加山栀子、黄
连、黄芩之类。噫气吞酸，此食郁有热，火气上动，以黄芩为君，南星、半夏为臣，橘红为
便，热多加青黛。痰在胁下，非白芥子不能达；痰在皮里膜外，非姜汁、竹沥不可导达；痰
在四肢，非竹沥不开；痰结核在咽喉中，燥不能出入，用化痰药，加咸药软坚之味，栝蒌仁
杏仁、海石、桔梗、连翘，少佐朴硝，以姜汁蜜和丸，噙服之。海粉即海石，热痰能降，
湿痰能燥，结痰能软，顽痰能消，可入丸子，末子不可入煎药。枳实泻痰，能冲墙壁。小胃
丹治膈上痰热、风痰湿痰肩膊诸痛，能损胃气，食积痰实者用之，不宜多。
喉中有物咯不出，咽不下，此是老痰。重者吐之，轻者用栝蒌辈，气实必用荆沥，天花
粉大能降膈上热痰。痰在膈间，使人颠狂，或健忘，或风痰，皆用竹沥。亦能养血，与荆沥
同功
韭汁治血滞不行，中焦有饮，自然汁冷吃两三银盏，必胸中烦燥不宁，后愈。参萸丸能消
入方
青礞石丸 解食积，去湿痰，重在风化硝。
南星（二两，切作片，用白矾末五钱，水浸一二日晒干。又云一两） 半夏（一两，汤泡，切
作片，以皂角水浸一日晒干） 黄芩（姜汁炒） 茯苓
枳实（炒，各一两）
看虚实。作汤使。
又方 治湿痰。喘急。止心痛。
半夏（一味，不拘多少。香油炒。）
上为末。粥丸梧子大。每服三五十丸。姜汤下。
又方
黄芩 香附 半夏（姜制） 贝母
以上治湿痰。加栝蒌仁、青黛、作丸子。治热痰。
又方 燥湿痰，亦治白浊因痰者。
南星 半夏（各一两） 蛤粉（二两）
上为末。神曲糊丸如梧子大。青黛为衣。每服五十丸。姜汤下。湿痰加苍术。食积痰加神曲、麦芽、
山楂，热加青黛。
中和丸 治湿痰气热。
苍术 黄芩 半夏 香附（等分）
上为末。粥丸梧子大。每服五七十丸。姜汤下。
又方 治痰嗽。
黄芩（酒洗一两半） 贝母 南星（各一两） 滑石 白芥子（去壳，各半两。） 风化硝（二钱半。取其
轻浮速降。
上为末。汤泡蒸饼丸服。
导痰汤
法制硝（同莱菔水煮化，去卜，绵滤令结。入腊月，牛胆内风化秤五钱
。或只风化硝亦可。又云一两） 礞石（二两，捶碎，焰硝二两同入小砂罐内，瓦片盖之铁线缚
定，盐泥固济，晒干，火 红，候冷取出）
上为末，神曲糊丸梧子大。每服三五十丸，白汤下。一方加苍术半两，滑石一两，看
病冷热虚实作汤使。一本礞石、南星各一两，无枳实。
又方
半夏（二两） 白术（一两） 茯苓（七钱半）黄芩 礞石（一两） 风化硝（二钱）
上为末，同前。
润下丸 降痰甚妙。
南星（一两） 半夏（二两，各根据橘红制） 黄芩 黄连（各一两） 橘红（半斤，以水化盐五钱，拌
令得所，煮干焙燥） 甘草（炙，一两）
上为末，蒸麦丸如绿豆大。每服五七十丸，白汤下。一方单用陈皮半斤，盐半两，水拌
，煮
青黛，有湿加苍术，或加参萸。
南星（炮，一两） 橘红（去白，一两） 赤茯苓（去皮，一两） 枳壳（去穣，麸炒，一两） 甘草（
炙，半两，又云一两） 半夏（四两，又云四钱）
上水煎，生姜五片。食前服。
千缗汤 治喘。
半夏（七个，泡制，每个作四片） 皂角（去皮炙，一寸） 甘草（炙，一寸）
上咀。作一服，生姜如指大煎。
小胃丹
芫花（好醋拌匀，过一宿，瓦器不住手搅，炒令黑，不要 ） 甘遂（湿面裹长流水浸，
半日再水洗，晒干，又云水浸冬七春秋五日，或水煮亦可）
大戟（长流水煮一时再水洗，晒干，各半两） 大黄（湿纸裹煨，勿焦，切焙干，再酒润，炒
熟焙干，一两半）黄柏（三两，焙炒）
上为末，粥丸麻子大。每服二三十丸，临卧津液吞下，或白汤一口送下。取其膈上之湿
痰热
痰丸。一方加木香、槟榔，各半两，蒸饼丸，每服七八丸，至十丸止。）
治酒痰
青黛 栝蒌
上为末，姜蜜丸。噙化救肺。
治郁痰
白僵蚕 杏仁 栝蒌仁 诃子 贝母 五倍子
上为末，糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸，白汤下。
导痰丸
吴茱萸（三钱，制） 茯苓（一两） 黄连（半两） 滑石（七钱半） 苍术（泔浸，一两）
上为末，糊丸梧子大。每服八九十丸，姜汤下。
茯苓丸（出《千金方》，《百一选方》同）
半夏（四两） 茯苓（二两） 枳壳（一两） 风化硝（半两）
上为末，蒸饼或神曲、姜汁糊丸，糊子大。每服三十丸，姜汤下。
又方 治食积痰火，并泻胃火。
软石骨（不拘多少，研细）
上用醋糊丸，如绿豆大。每服二十丸，白汤下。
又方 治阴虚内多食积痰。
川芎（七钱） 黄连 栝蒌仁 白术 神曲 麦芽（各一两） 青黛（半两） 人中白（三钱）
上为末，姜汁蒸饼丸服。
久吐痰喘
杏仁（去皮尖，生用） 来复丹（炒）
上等分为末，粥丸麻子大。每服十五丸，白汤下。
黄连化痰丸
半夏（一两半） 黄连（一两） 吴茱萸（汤洗，一钱半）桃仁（二十四个，研） 陈皮（半两）
上为末，曲糊丸绿豆大。每服一百丸，姜汤送下。
白玉丸
巴豆（三十个，去油） 南星 半夏 滑石 轻粉（各三钱）
上为末，皂角仁浸浓汁丸，梧子大。每服五七丸，姜汤下。
黄栝蒌丸 治食积，痰壅滞，喘急。
栝蒌仁 半夏 山楂 神曲（炒，各等分）
上为末，栝蒌水丸。姜汤、竹沥送下二三十丸。
又方
栝蒌仁 半夏（一两） 苍术（二两） 香附（二两半）黄芩 黄连（半两）
又方
栝蒌仁 黄连（半两） 半夏（一两）
上为末，糊丸梧子大。服五十丸。
抑痰丸
栝蒌仁（一两） 半夏（二钱） 贝母（三钱）
上为末，蒸饼丸如麻子大。服一百丸，姜汤下。
清膈化痰丸
黄连 黄芩（各一两） 黄柏 山栀（各半两） 香附（一两半） 苍术（二两）
上为末，蒸饼丸。白汤下。
搜风化痰丸
人参 槐角子 僵蚕 白矾 陈皮（去白） 天麻 荆芥（各一两） 半夏（四两，姜汁炒） 辰
砂（半两，另研）
上为末，姜汁浸蒸饼为丸，辰砂为衣。服四十丸，姜汤下。
坠痰丸 治痰饮。
黑丑（头末，二两） 枳实（炒，一两半）白矾（三钱，枯一半） 朴硝（二钱，风化） 枳壳（一两半
炒） 猪牙皂角（二钱，酒炒）
上为末，用萝卜汁丸。每服五十丸，鸡鸣时服。初则有粪，次则有痰。
治湿痰
苍术（三钱） 白术（六钱） 香附（一钱半）白芍（酒浸炒，二钱半）
上为末。蒸饼丸服。
治肥人湿痰
苦参 半夏（各钱半） 白术（二钱半） 陈皮（一钱）
上咀，作一服，姜三片，竹沥半盏，水煎。食远，吞三补丸十五丸。
祛风痰行浊气
明矾（一两） 防风（二两） 川芎 猪牙皂角 郁金（各一两）
蜈蚣（二条，用赤脚黄脚各一条）
上为末，蒸饼丸梧子大。每服三十丸，食前茶汤下，春以芭蕉汤探吐痰。
上焦风痰
栝蒌 黄连 半夏 牙皂
姜汁浸炊饼丸。
痰气方
片芩（炒） 半夏（各半两） 白术 白芍（各一两） 茯苓 陈皮（各三钱）
上为末。蒸饼泡姜汁丸服。
利膈化痰丸
南星 蛤粉（研细，一两） 半夏 栝蒌仁 贝母（去心，治胸膈痰气最妙） 香附（半两，童
上为末，用猪牙皂角十四挺敲碎，水一碗半，煮杏仁去皮尖一两，煮水将干，去皂角，擂
杏仁如泥，入前药溲和，再入姜汁泡蒸饼，丸如绿豆大，青黛为衣。每服五十丸，姜汤下。
清痰丸 专清中管热痰积。
乌梅 枯矾 黄芩 苍术 陈皮 滑石（炒） 青皮 枳实（各半两） 南星 半夏 神曲（
炒） 山楂 干生姜 香附（各一两）
上为末，汤浸蒸饼丸服。
〔附录〕凡痰之为患，为喘为咳，为呕为利，为眩为晕，心嘈杂怔忡惊悸，为寒热痛肿，
为
善治痰者，不治痰而治气，气顺则一身之津液，亦随气而顺矣。又严氏云∶人之气道贵
乎顺，顺则津液流通，决无痰饮之患。古方，治痰饮用汗吐下温之法。愚见不若以顺气为
先，
清
若咯唾日久，湿热所郁，上下凝结，皆无清白者也。甚至带血，血败则黑痰，为关格异病，
人所不识。又清白者气味淡，日久者，渐成恶味，酸辣腥臊焦苦不一。百病中，多有兼痰者
世所不知也。凡人身中有结核，不痛不红，不作脓者，皆痰注也。治痰法，实脾土，燥脾
湿，是治其本也。
附方
二陈汤 见中风。
瓜蒂散 见疸。
三补丸 见虚损。
参萸丸 见秘方。
青金丸 苍莎丸 并见咳嗽。
充按∶丹溪治病，以痰为重，诸病多因痰而生，故前诸方，间有别出者，亦其平日常用
，故不另开于附录。观者详焉。
脉象浮起时，应当使用催吐法。如果脉象涩滞日久，则难以疏通，必然需要耗费大量精力进行调理。大凡治疗痰证，若过度使用利水渗湿的药物，会导致脾气虚弱，从而使痰液更容易生成且增多。湿痰，用苍术、白术；热痰，用青黛、黄连、黄芩；食积导致的痰，用神曲、麦芽、山楂；风邪引起的腹泻也不能去除（风邪）。风痰多见奇异怪异的病症，湿痰多见倦怠软弱。气实且痰热结聚在上焦的，呕吐难以排出。痰液清稀的属于寒证，用二陈汤之类。胶结固着、稠厚浑浊的，必须使用催吐法。热痰挟带风邪，外在症状较多。热者清热；食积者，必须攻下；兼有气虚者，用补气药送服；痰因火盛逆上者，以泻火为先，用白术、黄芩、软石膏之类；内伤挟带（气虚），必须用人参、白术之属，多用姜汁送服，或加半夏；虚损严重，加竹沥；中气不足，加人参、白术。痰这种病邪，随着气的升降运行，无处不到。脾虚者，宜清降中气以运化痰浊并使其下降，用二陈汤加白术之类，兼用升麻提起中气。中焦有痰则导致食积，胃气也依赖（脾胃）所养，突然不会变虚，如果将痰攻伐殆尽，就会变成虚证。痰形成后，或呕吐咯吐不出，兼有气郁者，难治。气、湿、痰、热互结者，难治。痰在肠胃间的，可以攻下而愈；在经络中的，非催吐不可。催吐法中就包含发散的含义。假如痫病，因惊吓而得，惊则神志外越，神舍空虚则痰生。血气进入神舍，而拒绝神志回归，不能归位。血伤必用姜汁送服。黄芩治疗热痰，是借助其降火的作用。竹沥滑利痰浊。非姜汁不能通行经络。五倍子能治疗老痰，佐助其他药物，可大治顽痰。二陈汤，能治理全身之痰，如果要下行，加引下药；在上行，加引上药。凡是使用催吐药，宜提升其气机，以便催吐，如防风、山栀、川芎、桔梗、芽茶、片芩、僵蚕，猪牙皂角之类（各种催吐法另列于后）。
凡人身体的上、中、下部有肿块者，多是痰证，询问其平日喜好食用何物，在催吐或攻下之后，再开具药物。许学士用苍术治疗痰结成窠囊，效果极好。痰挟带瘀血，遂成窠囊。眩晕嘈杂，乃火动其痰，用二陈汤加山栀子、黄连、黄芩之类。嗳气吞酸，这是食郁有热，火气上动，以黄芩为君药，南星、半夏为臣药，橘红为使药，热多加青黛。痰在胁下，非白芥子不能到达；痰在皮里膜外，非姜汁、竹沥不可导达；痰在四肢，非竹沥不能开通；痰结核在咽喉中，干燥不能出入，用化痰药，加咸味药软坚散结，如栝蒌仁、杏仁、海浮石、桔梗、连翘，少佐朴硝，用姜汁和蜜做成丸剂，含服。海粉即海浮石，热痰能降，湿痰能燥，结痰能软，顽痰能消，可入丸剂，粉末不可入煎药。枳实泻痰，能冲破墙壁般的阻滞。小胃丹治疗膈上痰热、风痰、湿痰及肩膊诸痛，但会损伤胃气，食积痰实者用之，不宜多用。
喉中有物咯不出，咽不下，这是老痰。重者催吐，轻者用栝蒌辈，气实必用荆沥，天花粉大能降膈上热痰。痰在膈间，使人癫狂，或健忘，或风痰，皆用竹沥。竹沥亦能养血，与荆沥同功。韭汁治疗血滞不行，中焦有饮邪，自然汁冷吃两三银盏，必胸中烦燥不宁，后来痊愈。参萸丸能消（痰/积），入方。
青礞石丸：解食积，去湿痰，重在风化硝。
南星（二两，切作片，用白矾末五钱，水浸一二日晒干。又云一两） 半夏（一两，汤泡，切作片，以皂角水浸一日晒干） 黄芩（姜汁炒） 茯苓 枳实（炒，各一两）
看虚实。作汤使。
又方：治湿痰。喘急。止心痛。
半夏（一味，不拘多少。香油炒。）
上为末。粥丸梧子大。每服三五十丸。姜汤下。
又方：
黄芩 香附 半夏（姜制） 贝母
以上治湿痰。加栝蒌仁、青黛、作丸子。治热痰。
又方：燥湿痰，亦治白浊因痰者。
南星 半夏（各一两） 蛤粉（二两）
上为末。神曲糊丸如梧子大。青黛为衣。每服五十丸。姜汤下。湿痰加苍术。食积痰加神曲、麦芽、山楂，热加青黛。
中和丸：治湿痰气热。
苍术 黄芩 半夏 香附（等分）
上为末。粥丸梧子大。每服五七十丸。姜汤下。
又方：治痰嗽。
黄芩（酒洗一两半） 贝母 南星（各一两） 滑石 白芥子（去壳，各半两。） 风化硝（二钱半。取其轻浮速降。）
上为末。汤泡蒸饼丸服。
导痰汤：
法制硝（同莱菔水煮化，去卜，绵滤令结。入腊月，牛胆内风化秤五钱。或只风化硝亦可。又云一两） 礞石（二两，捶碎，焰硝二两同入小砂罐内，瓦片盖之铁线缚定，盐泥固济，晒干，火煅红，候冷取出）
上为末，神曲糊丸梧子大。每服三五十丸，白汤下。一方加苍术半两，滑石一两，看病冷热虚实作汤使。一本礞石、南星各一两，无枳实。
又方：
半夏（二两） 白术（一两） 茯苓（七钱半）黄芩 礞石（一两） 风化硝（二钱）
上为末，同前。
润下丸：降痰甚妙。
南星（一两） 半夏（二两，各根据橘红制） 黄芩 黄连（各一两） 橘红（半斤，以水化盐五钱，拌令得所，煮干焙燥） 甘草（炙，一两）
上为末，蒸麦丸如绿豆大。每服五七十丸，白汤下。一方单用陈皮半斤，盐半两，水拌，煮。青黛，有湿加苍术，或加参萸。
南星（炮，一两） 橘红（去白，一两） 赤茯苓（去皮，一两） 枳壳（去穣，麸炒，一两） 甘草（炙，半两，又云一两） 半夏（四两，又云四钱）
上水煎，生姜五片。食前服。
千缗汤：治喘。
半夏（七个，泡制，每个作四片） 皂角（去皮炙，一寸） 甘草（炙，一寸）
上咀。作一服，生姜如指大煎。
小胃丹：
芫花（好醋拌匀，过一宿，瓦器不住手搅，炒令黑，不要焦） 甘遂（湿面裹长流水浸，半日再水洗，晒干，又云水浸冬七春秋五日，或水煮亦可） 大戟（长流水煮一时再水洗，晒干，各半两） 大黄（湿纸裹煨，勿焦，切焙干，再酒润，炒熟焙干，一两半）黄柏（三两，焙炒）
上为末，粥丸麻子大。每服二三十丸，临卧津液吞下，或白汤一口送下。取其膈上之湿痰热痰丸。一方加木香、槟榔，各半两，蒸饼丸，每服七八丸，至十丸止。）
治郁痰：
白僵蚕 杏仁 栝蒌仁 诃子 贝母 五倍子
上为末，糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸，白汤下。
导痰丸：
吴茱萸（三钱，制） 茯苓（一两） 黄连（半两） 滑石（七钱半） 苍术（泔浸，一两）
上为末，糊丸梧子大。每服八九十丸，姜汤下。
茯苓丸（出《千金方》，《百一选方》同）：
半夏（四两） 茯苓（二两） 枳壳（一两） 风化硝（半两）
上为末，蒸饼或神曲、姜汁糊丸，糊子大。每服三十丸，姜汤下。
又方：治食积痰火，并泻胃火。
软石骨（不拘多少，研细）
上用醋糊丸，如绿豆大。每服二十丸，白汤下。
又方：治阴虚内多食积痰。
川芎（七钱） 黄连 栝蒌仁 白术 神曲 麦芽（各一两） 青黛（半两） 人中白（三钱）
上为末，姜汁蒸饼丸服。
久吐痰喘：
杏仁（去皮尖，生用） 来复丹（炒）
上等分为末，粥丸麻子大。每服十五丸，白汤下。
黄连化痰丸：
半夏（一两半） 黄连（一两） 吴茱萸（汤洗，一钱半）桃仁（二十四个，研） 陈皮（半两）
上为末，曲糊丸绿豆大。每服一百丸，姜汤送下。
白玉丸：
巴豆（三十个，去油） 南星 半夏 滑石 轻粉（各三钱）
上为末，皂角仁浸浓汁丸，梧子大。每服五七丸，姜汤下。
黄栝蒌丸：治食积，痰壅滞，喘急。
栝蒌仁 半夏 山楂 神曲（炒，各等分）
上为末，栝蒌水丸。姜汤、竹沥送下二三十丸。
又方：
栝蒌仁 半夏（一两） 苍术（二两） 香附（二两半）黄芩 黄连（半两）
又方：
栝蒌仁 黄连（半两） 半夏（一两）
上为末，糊丸梧子大。服五十丸。
抑痰丸：
栝蒌仁（一两） 半夏（二钱） 贝母（三钱）
上为末，蒸饼丸如麻子大。服一百丸，姜汤下。
清膈化痰丸：
黄连 黄芩（各一两） 黄柏 山栀（各半两） 香附（一两半） 苍术（二两）
上为末，蒸饼丸。白汤下。
搜风化痰丸：
人参 槐角子 僵蚕 白矾 陈皮（去白） 天麻 荆芥（各一两） 半夏（四两，姜汁炒） 辰砂（半两，另研）
上为末，姜汁浸蒸饼为丸，辰砂为衣。服四十丸，姜汤下。
坠痰丸：治痰饮。
黑丑（头末，二两） 枳实（炒，一两半）白矾（三钱，枯一半） 朴硝（二钱，风化） 枳壳（一两半炒） 猪牙皂角（二钱，酒炒）
上为末，用萝卜汁丸。每服五十丸，鸡鸣时服。初则有粪，次则有痰。
治湿痰：
苍术（三钱） 白术（六钱） 香附（一钱半）白芍（酒浸炒，二钱半）
上为末。蒸饼丸服。
治肥人湿痰：
苦参 半夏（各钱半） 白术（二钱半） 陈皮（一钱）
上咀，作一服，姜三片，竹沥半盏，水煎。食远，吞三补丸十五丸。
祛风痰行浊气：
明矾（一两） 防风（二两） 川芎 猪牙皂角 郁金（各一两） 蜈蚣（二条，用赤脚黄脚各一条）
上为末，蒸饼丸梧子大。每服三十丸，食前茶汤下，春以芭蕉汤探吐痰。
痰气方：
片芩（炒） 半夏（各半两） 白术 白芍（各一两） 茯苓 陈皮（各三钱）
上为末。蒸饼泡姜汁丸服。
利膈化痰丸：
南星 蛤粉（研细，一两） 半夏 栝蒌仁 贝母（去心，治胸膈痰气最妙） 香附（半两，童便制）
上为末，用猪牙皂角十四挺敲碎，水一碗半，煮杏仁去皮尖一两，煮水将干，去皂角，擂杏仁如泥，入前药溲和，再入姜汁泡蒸饼，丸如绿豆大，青黛为衣。每服五十丸，姜汤下。
清痰丸：专清中管热痰积。
乌梅 枯矾 黄芩 苍术 陈皮 滑石（炒） 青皮 枳实（各半两） 南星 半夏 神曲（炒） 山楂 干生姜 香附（各一两）
上为末，汤浸蒸饼丸服。
〔附录〕凡痰之为患，为喘为咳，为呕为利，为眩为晕，心嘈杂怔忡惊悸，为寒热痛肿，为（其他病症）。善治痰者，不治痰而治气，气顺则一身之津液，亦随气而顺矣。又严氏云∶人之气道贵乎顺，顺则津液流通，决无痰饮之患。古方，治痰饮用汗吐下温之法。愚见不若以顺气为先，（清...）。若咯唾日久，湿热所郁，上下凝结，皆无清白者也。甚至带血，血败则黑痰，为关格异病，人所不识。又清白者气味淡，日久者，渐成恶味，酸辣腥臊焦苦不一。百病中，多有兼痰者，世所不知也。凡人身中有结核，不痛不红，不作脓者，皆痰注也。治痰法，实脾土，燥脾湿，是治其本也。
附方
二陈汤 见中风。
瓜蒂散 见疸。
三补丸 见虚损。
参萸丸 见秘方。
青金丸 苍莎丸 并见咳嗽。
充按∶丹溪治病，以痰为重，诸病多因痰而生，故前诸方，间有别出者，亦其平日常用，故不另开于附录。观者详焉。
When the pulse is floating, emesis should be employed. If the pulse has been thready (Se) for a long time, it will be difficult to unblock, necessitating extensive regulation. Generally, when treating Phlegm, excessive use of diuretic/damp-draining herbs can damage Spleen Qi, leading to easier generation and increased accumulation of Phlegm. For Damp-Phlegm, use Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma); for Heat-Phlegm, use Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix); for Phlegm due to Food Stagnation, use Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus). Wind-induced diarrhea cannot eliminate (Wind-Phlegm). Wind-Phlegm often presents with strange symptoms, while Damp-Phlegm often presents with fatigue and weakness. When Qi is Excess and Phlegm-Heat is knotted in the Upper Jiao, emesis may fail to expel it. Clear Phlegm belongs to Cold, treated with Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) and similar formulas. Gelatinous, thick, and turbid Phlegm must be expelled via emesis. Heat-Phlegm accompanied by Wind manifests mostly as external symptoms. Heat is cleared; Food Stagnation is purged; if accompanied by Qi Deficiency, tonifying Qi herbs are used to guide administration; for Phlegm rising counterflow due to Fire Excess, clearing Fire is prioritized using Baizhu, Huangqin, and Ruan Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum); for Internal Injury accompanied by (Qi Deficiency), Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Baizhu are essential, often guided by Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Recens Juice), or combined with Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma); for severe Deficiency, Zhuli (Bambusa Textilis Caulis Sap) is added; for Middle Qi Insufficiency, Renshen and Baizhu are added. Phlegm, as a pathogen, ascends and descends with Qi, reaching everywhere. For Spleen Deficiency, one should clear and descend Middle Qi to transform and lower Phlegm, using Erchen Tang plus Baizhu, and simultaneously use Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) to lift Qi. Phlegm in the Middle Jiao leads to Food Stagnation; Stomach Qi relies on nourishment from the Spleen/Stomach; sudden deficiency does not occur, but if Phlegm is completely purged, Deficiency results. Once Phlegm forms, if it cannot be vomited or spat out, and is accompanied by Qi Depression, it is difficult to treat. Cases involving Qi, Dampness, Phlegm, and Heat are difficult to treat. Phlegm in the Intestines and Stomach can be cured by purgation; Phlegm in the Collaterals requires emesis. Emotherapy contains the meaning of dispersion. For example, Epilepsy caused by Fright: Fright causes Spirit to leave its residence, emptiness generates Phlegm. Blood and Qi enter the residence but reject the Spirit, preventing its return. Blood injury requires Jiangzhi for guidance. Huangqin treats Heat-Phlegm by leveraging its fire-clearing and descending properties. Zhuli lubricates Phlegm. Only Jiangzhi can penetrate collaterals. Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis) treats Old Phlegm; adjuvant to other herbs, it effectively treats Stubborn Phlegm. Erchen Tang treats Phlegm throughout the body; to direct downward, add guiding-downward herbs; to direct upward, add guiding-upward herbs. When using emetic herbs, one should lift Qi to facilitate vomiting, such as Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Yacha (Tea Sprouts), Pianqing (Scutellariae Radix), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Zhu Ya Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina), and Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Fructus) (Various emetic methods are detailed later).
Masses in the upper, middle, or lower parts of the body are mostly Phlegm. Inquire about dietary preferences; after emesis or purgation, then prescribe medication. Xu Xueshi used Cangzhu to treat Phlegm forming "cocoons" with excellent effect. Phlegm complicated with Blood Stasis forms cocoons. Vertigo and palpitations arise from Fire stirring Phlegm, treated with Erchen Tang plus Shanzhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huanglian, and Huangqin. Belching and acid regurgitation indicate Food Depression with Heat, where Fire Qi moves upward; Huangqin is the Sovereign herb, Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma) and Banxia are Ministers, Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) is the Envoy; add Qingdai for more Heat. Phlegm in the hypochondrium cannot reach there without Baijiezi (Brassicae Semen); Phlegm in the subcutaneous tissue and fascia cannot be guided without Jiangzhi and Zhuli; Phlegm in the four limbs cannot be opened without Zhuli; Phlegm nodules in the throat, dry and unable to move, are treated with Phlegm-resolving herbs plus salty substances to soften hardness, such as Gualouren (Trichosanthis Semen), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Haishi (Pumex), Jiegeng, Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), with a small amount of Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas), formed into pills with Jiangzhi and Honey, and held in the mouth to dissolve. Haifen is Haishi; it descends Heat-Phlegm, dries Damp-Phlegm, softens Knotted Phlegm, and eliminates Stubborn Phlegm; it can be used in pills, but powder should not be decocted. Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange Fruit) drains Phlegm and can break through wall-like obstructions. Xiaowei Dan treats Phlegm-Heat, Wind-Phlegm, Damp-Phlegm above the Diaphragm, and shoulder/arm pain, but damages Stomach Qi; it is used for Food Stagnation and solid Phlegm, and should not be used excessively.
A sensation of an object in the throat that cannot be spat out or swallowed is Old Phlegm. Severe cases require emesis; mild cases use Gualou species; if Qi is Excess, Jingli (Jujubae Semen cum Spina) is mandatory; Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) greatly descends Phlegm-Heat above the Diaphragm. Phlegm between the Diaphragm causes mania, forgetfulness, or Wind-Phlegm, all treated with Zhuli. Zhuli also nourishes Blood, having similar effects to Jingli. Jiuzhi (Allii Tuberosi Juice) treats Blood Stasis stagnation; for Fluid retention in the Middle Jiao, drinking two or three silver cups of cold natural juice causes initial chest irritability and restlessness, followed by recovery. Canyu Wan (Schisandra and Cornus Pill) eliminates (accumulations/phlegm), see formula.
Qingmengshi Wan (Green Malachite Pill): Resolves Food Stagnation, removes Damp-Phlegm, focusing on Fenghua Xiao (Weathered Natrii Sulfas).
Nanxing (2 liang, sliced, soaked in water with 5 qian of Baifan powder, dried after 1-2 days sun exposure. Or 1 liang.) Banxia (1 liang, boiled in water, sliced, soaked in Zaojiao water for one day, dried.) Huangqin (Stir-fried with Jiangzhi.) Fuling (Poria) Zhishi (Stir-fried, each 1 liang.)
Assess Excess/Deficiency. Prepare as decoction.
Another Formula: Treats Damp-Phlegm. Asthma urgency. Stops heart pain.
Banxia (Single herb, any amount. Stir-fried in sesame oil.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with congee paste. Take 30-50 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Another Formula:
Huangqin Xiangfu Cyperi Rhizoma) Banxia (Processed with Jiangzhi.) Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus)
Above treats Damp-Phlegm. Add Gualouren and Qingdai, form pills. Treats Heat-Phlegm.
Another Formula: Dries Damp-Phlegm, also treats White Turbidity caused by Phlegm.
Nanxing Banxia (Each 1 liang.) Ge Fen (Clam Shell Powder, 2 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with Shenqu paste. Coat with Qingdai. Take 50 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup. Add Cangzhu for Damp-Phlegm. Add Shenqu, Maiya, Shanzha for Food Stagnation Phlegm. Add Qingdai for Heat.
Zhonghe Wan: Treats Damp-Phlegm with Qi Heat.
Cangzhu Huangqin Banxia Xiangfu (Equal parts.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with congee paste. Take 50-70 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Another Formula: Treats Phlegm Cough.
Huangqin (Washed with wine, 1.5 liang.) Beimu Nanxing (Each 1 liang.) Huashi (Talcum) Baijiezi (Dehusked, each 0.5 liang.) Fenghua Xiao (2.5 qian. To utilize its light, floating, and rapid descending nature.)
Grind into powder. Soak steamed bread dough in hot water, form pills.
Daotan Tang (Guiding Phlegm Decoction):
Fazhi Xiao (Boiled with Radish until dissolved, filtered through silk to crystallize. In December, placed in ox gallbladder to weather, weighed at 5 qian. Or only Weathered Natrii Sulfas can be used. Or 1 liang.) Mengshi (Malachite, 2 liang, crushed. Yan Xiao (Saltpeter) 2 liang. Put together in a small clay pot, covered with tile, bound with iron wire, sealed with salt mud, dried, fired red-hot, cooled, and removed.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with Shenqu paste. Take 30-50 pills per dose. Down with plain warm water. Another prescription adds Cangzhu 0.5 liang, Huashi 1 liang; prepare as decoction based on Cold/Heat and Excess/Deficiency. One version has Mengshi and Nanxing each 1 liang, no Zhishi.
Another Formula:
Banxia (2 liang.) Baizhu (1 liang.) Fuling (7.5 qian.) Huangqin Mengshi (1 liang.) Fenghua Xiao (2 qian.)
Grind into powder, same method as above.
Runxia Wan (Moistening Descending Pill): Excellent for descending Phlegm.
Nanxing (1 liang.) Banxia (2 liang, both processed according to Juhong.) Huangqin Huanglian (Each 1 liang.) Juhong (8 liang, dissolve 5 qian salt in water, mix well, boil until dry, bake dry.) Gancao (Roasted, 1 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mung beans with steamed wheat. Take 50-70 pills per dose. Down with plain warm water. Another prescription uses only Chenpi (Dried Tangerine Peel) 8 liang, Salt 0.5 liang, mixed with water, boiled. Qingdai; add Cangzhu for Dampness, or Canyu for Deficiency.
Nanxing (Pounded, 1 liang.) Juhong (De-white, 1 liang.) Chi Fuling (Red Poria, peeled, 1 liang.) Zhiqiao (Immature Bitter Orange Fruit, de-albedo, bran-stir-fried, 1 liang.) Gancao (Roasted, 0.5 liang, or 1 liang.) Banxia (4 liang, or 4 qian.)
Decoct in water with 5 slices of fresh ginger. Take before meals.
Qianmin Tang: Treats Asthma.
Banxia (7 pieces, soaked, each cut into 4 slices.) Zaojiao (De-husked and roasted, 1 cun.) Gancao (Roasted, 1 cun.)
Chop. Prepare one dose, decoct with ginger the size of a finger.
Xiaowei Dan (Small Stomach Pill):
Yuanhua (Genkwa Flower, mixed well with good vinegar, left overnight, stirred constantly in a pottery vessel, stir-fried until black, do not burn.) Gansui (Kansui Root, wrapped in wet flour, soaked in running water for half a day, washed again, dried. Or soak in water: Winter 7 days, Spring/Autumn 5 days, or boiled is acceptable.) Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, boiled in running water for one hour, washed again, dried. Each 0.5 liang.) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wrapped in wet paper and baked, do not burn, cut, bake dry, moisten with wine, stir-fry until cooked, bake dry, 1.5 liang.) Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 3 liang, baked and stir-fried.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of hemp seeds with congee paste. Take 20-30 pills per dose. Swallow with saliva before sleep, or down with a mouthful of plain warm water. Targets Damp-Phlegm-Heat above the Diaphragm. Another prescription adds Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Binglang (Arecae Semen), each 0.5 liang, steamed bread pills, take 7-8 pills, up to 10 pills.)
Treat Alcohol Phlegm:
Qingdai Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus)
Grind into powder. Form pills with Ginger and Honey. Hold in mouth to dissolve, save Lung.
Treat Depression Phlegm:
Baijiangcan (White Silkworm) Xingren Gualouren Hezi (Chebulae Fructus.) Beimu Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with paste. Take 50 pills per dose. Down with plain warm water.
Daotan Wan (Guiding Phlegm Pill):
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 3 qian, processed.) Fuling (1 liang.) Huanglian (0.5 liang.) Huashi (7.5 qian.) Cangzhu (Soaked in rice washing water, 1 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with paste. Take 80-90 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Fuling Wan (Poria Pill) (From *Qianjin Fang*, same as *Baiyi Xuanfang*):
Banxia (4 liang.) Fuling (2 liang.) Zhiqiao (1 liang.) Fenghua Xiao (0.5 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of bean curd residue or Shenqu/Ginger paste pills. Take 30 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Another Formula: Treats Food Stagnation Phlegm-Fire, and drains Stomach Fire.
Ruan Shigu (Soft Stone Bone, any amount, ground fine.)
Use Vinegar paste to form pills the size of mung beans. Take 20 pills per dose. Down with plain warm water.
Another Formula: Treats Yin Deficiency with internal Food Stagnation Phlegm.
Chuanxiong (7 qian.) Huanglian Gualouren Baizhu Shenqu Maiya (Each 1 liang.) Qingdai (0.5 liang.) Renzhongbai (Human Tooth Ash, 3 qian.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with Ginger juice and steamed bread dough.
Long-term Vomiting and Phlegm Asthma:
Xingren (De-skin and tip, raw.) Laifu Dan (Stir-fried.)
Grind equal parts into powder. Form pills the size of hemp seeds with congee paste. Take 15 pills per dose. Down with plain warm water.
Huanglian Huatan Wan (Coptis Phlegm-Resolving Pill):
Banxia (1.5 liang.) Huanglian (1 liang.) Wuzhuyu (Washed in hot water, 1.5 qian.) Taoren (24 kernels, ground.) Chenpi (Dried Tangerine Peel, 0.5 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mung beans with yeast paste. Take 100 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Baiyu Wan (White Jade Pill):
Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 30 kernels, oil removed.) Nanxing Banxia Huashi Qingfen (Calomelas, each 3 qian.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with strong juice soaked from Zaoren (Gleditsiae Seed). Take 5-7 pills per dose. Down with Ginger Soup.
Huang Gualou Wan: Treats Food Stagnation, Phlegm Obstruction, Asthma Urgency.
Gualouren Banxia Shanzha Shenqu (Stir-fried, equal parts.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with Gualou water. Down with Ginger Soup or Zhuli, 20-30 pills.
Another Formula:
Gualouren Banxia (1 liang.) Cangzhu (2 liang.) Xiangfu (2.5 liang.) Huangqin Huanglian (0.5 liang.)
Another Formula:
Gualouren Huanglian (0.5 liang.) Banxia (1 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with paste. Take 50 pills.
Yitan Wan (Suppressing Phlegm Pill):
Gualouren (1 liang.) Banxia (2 qian.) Beimu (3 qian.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of hemp seeds with steamed bread dough. Take 100 pills. Down with Ginger Soup.
Qinge Huatan Wan (Clearing Diaphragm Phlegm-Resolving Pill):
Huanglian Huangqin (Each 1 liang.) Huangbai Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus, each 0.5 liang.) Xiangfu (1.5 liang.) Cangzhu (2 liang.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with steamed bread dough. Down with plain warm water.
Soufeng Huatan Wan (Searching Wind Phlegm-Resolving Pill):
Renshen (Ginseng Radix.) Huaiguozii (Sophorae Tonkinensis Fructus.) Jiangcan Baifen (Alumen.) Chenpi (De-white.) Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma.) Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba.) (Each 1 liang.) Banxia (4 liang, stir-fried with Jiangzhi.) Chensha (Cinnabar, 0.5 liang, separately ground.)
Grind into powder. Soak steamed bread dough in Ginger juice to form pills, coat with Chensha. Take 40 pills. Down with Ginger Soup.
Zhuitan Wan: Treats Phlegm-Fluid.
Heiqiu (Black Morning Glory Seed, first powder, 2 liang.) Zhishi (Stir-fried, 1.5 liang.) Baifen (3 qian, calcined halfway.) Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 qian, weathered.) Zhiqiao (Stir-fried, 1.5 liang.) Zhu Ya Zaojiao (Pork Tooth Gleditsia Thorn, 2 qian, wine-stir-fried.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with Radish juice. Take 50 pills at dawn. Initially passes stool, then passes Phlegm.
Treat Damp-Phlegm:
Cangzhu (3 qian.) Baizhu (6 qian.) Xiangfu (1.5 qian.) Baishao (Soaked in wine and stir-fried, 2.5 qian.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with steamed bread dough.
Treat Damp-Phlegm in Fat People:
Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix.) Banxia (Each 1.5 qian.) Baizhu (2.5 qian.) Chenpi (1 qian.)
Chop. Prepare one dose, with 3 slices of ginger, 0.5 cup of Zhuli, decoct in water. Far from meals, swallow 15 Sanbu Wan (Three-Tonic Pills).
Expel Wind-Phlegm and Move Turbid Qi:
Mingfan (Alumen, 1 liang.) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 2 liang.) Chuanxiong Zhu Ya Zaojiao Yujin (Curcumae Radix, each 1 liang.) Wugong (Centipede, 2 pieces, one red-legged, one yellow-legged.)
Grind into powder. Form pills the size of mulberry seeds with steamed bread dough. Take 30 pills per dose. Down with tea/water before meals. In Spring, use Bajiao Tang (Plantain Leaf Decoction) to probe and induce vomiting of Phlegm.
Upper Jiao Wind-Phlegm:
Gualou Huanglian Banxia Ya Zaojiao (Tooth Gleditsia Thorn.)
Soak in Ginger juice, form pills with steamed bun dough.
Tanqi Fang (Phlegm-Qi Formula):
Pianqing (Stir-fried.) Banxia (Each 0.5 liang.) Baizhu Baishao (Each 1 liang.) Fuling Chenpi (Each 3 qian.)
Grind into powder. Form pills with steamed bread dough soaked in Ginger juice.
Lige Huatan Wan (Clearing Diaphragm Phlegm-Resolving Pill):
Nanxing Ge Fen (Ground fine, 1 liang.) Banxia Gualouren Beimu (De-heart, best for treating Chest/Diaphragm Phlegm-Qi.) Xiangfu (0.5 liang, processed with Child's Urine.)
Grind into powder. Use 14 spikes of Zhu Ya Zaojiao, crush, decoct in 1.5 cups of water with 1 liang of Xingren (de-skinned and tipped). When water is nearly dry, remove Zaojiao, grind Xingren into paste, mix with previous herbs, add Ginger juice-soaked steamed bread dough, form pills the size of mung beans, coat with Qingdai. Take 50 pills. Down with Ginger Soup.
Qingtan Wan: Specifically clears Heat-Phlegm accumulation in the Middle Channel.
Wumei (Mume Fructus.) Kufan (Calcined Alum.) Huangqin Cangzhu Chenpi Huashi (Stir-fried.) Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel.) Zhishi (Each 0.5 liang.) Nanxing Banxia Shenqu (Stir-fried.) Shanzha Ganjiang (Dried Ginger.) Xiangfu (Each 1 liang.)
Grind into powder. Soak in hot water, form pills with steamed bread dough.
[Appendix] As for the harm caused by Phlegm, it causes asthma, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, vertigo, dizziness, heart palpitations, flustered anxiety, fright, palpitations, alternating cold and heat, pain, swelling, (and other conditions). The skilled physician treats Phlegm by treating Qi; when Qi flows smoothly, the fluids of the entire body also flow smoothly. Furthermore, Master Yan said: The Airway of humans values smoothness; smoothness allows fluid circulation, absolutely preventing Phlegm-Fluid disorders. Ancient formulas treat Phlegm-Fluid using sweating, emesis, purgation, and warming methods. My humble opinion is that smoothing Qi should be prioritized, (clearing...). If spitting sputum persists for a long time, constrained by Damp-Heat, condensing up and down, none will be clear and white. Even worse, it may contain blood; degraded blood becomes black Phlegm, a rare disease called Guan Ge, unrecognized by people. Clear and white Phlegm has a faint smell; old Phlegm gradually develops a foul odor, varying in sour, spicy, fishy, musky, burnt, or bitter tastes. Among hundred diseases, many involve Phlegm, unknown to the world. Any nodule in the body that is not painful, not red, and does not suppurate is Phlegm deposition. The method to treat Phlegm is to strengthen Spleen Earth and dry Spleen Dampness; this treats the root.
Attached Formulas
Erchen Tang See Stroke.
Gua Di San See Jaundice.
Sanbu Wan See Deficiency Consumption.
Can Yu Wan See Secret Recipe.
Qingjin Wan Cangsha Wan Both See Cough.
Note by Chong: Danxi places great importance on Phlegm in treating diseases; most illnesses arise from Phlegm. Therefore, among the previous formulas, some are repeated because they are commonly used by him, so they are not listed separately in the Appendix. Readers should examine them carefully.