桂枝(三两去皮) 芍药(一两) 甘草(二两炙) 大枣(十二枚劈) 生姜(三两)
上五味 咀以水七升微火煮取三升去滓适寒温服一升服已须臾 稀粥一升余以助药力温覆令一时许通身 微有汗
出益佳不可令如水流漓病必不除若一服汗出病瘥停后服不必尽剂若不汗更服根据前法又不汗后服小促其间半日许令三服尽
若病重者一日一夜服周时观之服一剂尽病证犹在者更作服若汗不出者可服至二三剂禁生冷粘滑肉面五辛酒酪臭恶等物
汉书律历志量者龠合升斗斛也本起于黄钟之龠用度瞰审其容以子谷 黍中者千有二百实其龠以井水准其概合龠为合
十合为升十升为斗十斗为斛而五量嘉矣权者铢两斤钧石也一龠容千二百黍重十二铢两之为两二十四铢为两十六两为斤三
十斤为钧四钧为石而五权谨矣一千二百黍为一龠重今之一钱七分合龠为合今之三钱四分也十合为升今之三两四钱也一龠
重十二铢今之一钱七分也两之为两今之三钱四分也
太阳中风阳浮而阴弱阳浮者热自发阴弱者汗自出啬啬恶寒淅淅恶风翕翕发热鼻鸣干呕者桂枝汤主之
寸为阳尺为阴营候于尺卫候于寸风泄卫气故寸脉浮邪不及营故尺脉弱风愈泄而气愈闭故营郁而发热气愈闭而风愈泄
故营疏而汗出啬啬淅淅者皮毛振栗之意翕翕盛也犹言阵阵不止也肺主皮毛开窍于鼻皮毛被感肺气壅遏旁无透窍故上循鼻
孔而鼻窍窄狭泄之不及故冲激作响而为鼻鸣卫气闭塞郁其胃气独阴不降故生干呕桂枝泄其营郁则诸证愈矣
桂枝(三两,去皮) 芍药(一两) 甘草(二两,炙) 大枣(十二枚,劈开) 生姜(三两)
以上五味药,切碎,用水七升,用微火煮取三升,去渣滓。适寒温服一升。服药后须臾,喝稀粥一升多,以助药力。温覆身体约一时许,使全身微微有汗出为最佳,不可令汗出如水流漓,否则病必不能去除。如果服一次药后汗出病愈,停服后面的药,不必服完所有剂量。如果不发汗,再按前法服用;如果再不发汗,后续服药要稍微缩短间隔时间,在半日左右让三次药服完。如果病情重的,一日一夜连续服药,观察一个时辰(两小时)。服完一剂药后,病证仍在的,再制作服用。如果汗不出,可以服用至二三剂。禁忌生冷、粘滑、肉类、面食、五辛、酒酪、臭恶等食物。
《汉书·律历志》记载:量器有龠、合、升、斗、斛。本起源于黄钟之龠。用度审察其容积,用子谷黍米中间大小的颗粒一千二百粒装满其龠,用井水来平其概(刮平容器口沿的标准器具)。合龠为合,十合为升,十升为斗,十斗为斛,五种量器就完备了。权器有铢、两、斤、钧、石。一龠容一千二百黍,重十二铢。两之为两(二十四铢为两),十六两为斤,三十斤为钧,四钧为石,五种权器就严谨了。一千二百黍为一龠,重当今的一钱七分。合龠为合,当今的三钱四分。十合为升,当今的三两四钱。一龠重十二铢,当今的一钱七分。两之为两,当今的三钱四分。
太阳中风证,脉象阳浮而阴弱。阳浮者热自发,阴弱者汗自出。啬啬恶寒,淅淅恶风,翕翕发热,鼻鸣,干呕者,桂枝汤主之。
寸口脉属阳,尺部脉属阴。营气候于尺部,卫气候于寸部。风邪泄越卫气,所以寸脉浮;邪气不及营分,所以尺脉弱。风邪愈是泄越卫气,卫气愈是闭郁,所以营气郁滞而发热;卫气愈是闭郁,风邪愈是泄越,所以营气疏泄而汗出。啬啬、淅淅,是皮毛振栗的意思。翕翕,指盛貌,犹言阵阵不止。肺主皮毛,开窍于鼻。皮毛被感,肺气壅遏,旁边没有透窍之处,所以上循鼻孔,而鼻窍窄狭,泄之不及,所以冲激作响而为鼻鸣。卫气闭塞,郁其胃气,独阴不降,所以生干呕。桂枝能泄其营郁,则诸证愈矣。
Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 3 liang, bark removed) Paeonia Root (Shaoyao, 1 liang) Licorice Root (Gancao, 2 liang, honey-fried) Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 12 pieces, split) Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 3 liang)
The above five herbs are coarsely crushed. Boil in seven sheng of water with a gentle fire until three sheng remain. Strain the dregs. Take one sheng at a temperature suitable for drinking. Shortly after taking the medicine, drink more than one sheng of thin rice gruel to assist the medicinal power. Cover warmly to induce a slight, uniform sweating over the whole body for about one shichen (two hours). This is ideal; do not allow profuse sweating like flowing water, as the disease will certainly not be eliminated. If the disease resolves after one dose, stop taking the remaining medicine; it is not necessary to finish all the dosage. If there is no sweating, administer another dose according to the previous method. If still no sweating, shorten the interval between subsequent doses slightly, ensuring three doses are completed within half a day. For severe cases, administer medicine continuously day and night, observing for one shichen. If symptoms persist after finishing one ji (dose), prepare and administer another. If sweating does not occur, up to two or three ji may be administered. Avoid cold, raw, sticky, slippery, meat, flour-based foods, five pungent spices, wine, dairy products, and foul-smelling substances.
The "Treatise on Music and Measures" in the Book of Han states: Measuring vessels include yue, he, sheng, dou, and hu. They originated from the yue of Huangzhong. The capacity was determined by filling a yue with 1,200 grains of medium-sized millet seeds from the Zi grain variety, leveled with well water using a gai (a standard leveler). Ten yue make one he; ten he make one sheng; ten sheng make one dou; ten dou make one hu; thus the five measuring vessels were established. Weights include zhu, liang, jin, jun, and shi. One yue holds 1,200 millet seeds weighing twelve zhu. Two zhu make one liang (twenty-four zhu equal one liang); sixteen liang make one jin; thirty jin make one jun; four jun make one shi; thus the five weights were standardized. One thousand two hundred millet seeds constitute one yue, weighing approximately 0.7 qian in modern terms. One he equals approximately 3.4 qian. Ten he equal one sheng, which is approximately 3 liang 4 qian today. One yue weighs twelve zhu, equivalent to 0.7 qian today. One liang (24 zhu) is equivalent to 3.4 qian today.
In Taiyang Wind-Strike syndrome, the pulse is floating on the yang position and weak on the yin position. Floating yang indicates spontaneous heat; weak yin indicates spontaneous sweating. There is aversion to cold with a shivering sensation (Sese), aversion to wind with a chilly feeling (Xixi), mild fever (Xixi), nasal congestion with roaring sound (Biming), and dry retching (Gan'ou). Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is the primary treatment.
The cun position corresponds to yang, and the chi position corresponds to ying. Ying qi is observed at the chi position, while Wei qi is observed at the cun position. Wind pathogen disperses Wei qi, causing the cun pulse to float; the pathogen does not reach the Ying level, causing the chi pulse to be weak. As wind disperses Wei qi further, Wei qi becomes more obstructed, leading to Ying stagnation and heat generation. As Wei qi becomes more obstructed, wind disperses further, causing Ying leakage and sweating. Sese and Xixi refer to the trembling of skin and hair. Xixi refers to intensity, meaning continuous waves. The Lung governs skin and hair and opens into the nose. When skin and hair are affected, Lung qi becomes congested without an outlet, so it ascends through the narrow nasal passages, creating turbulent airflow and nasal roaring. Obstruction of Wei qi stagnates Stomach qi, preventing Yin from descending, resulting in dry retching. Guizhi releases Ying stagnation, thereby resolving these symptoms.