唇焦黑为脾热。肿赤为热甚。青黑为冷极。口苦为胆热。口甜为脾热。口燥咽干为肾热
。舌干燥渴为胃热。口噤为痉风。上唇有疮。狐虫食脏。下唇有疮。惑虫食肛。唇青舌卷。唇吻
反青。环口黧黑。鱼口气促唇口颤摇。气出不返。皆死症也。
在青则无胎。在半表半里白胎而滑。在里则黄胎。热甚则黑胎。芒刺。不热。不渴。黑
胎。有津为寒。舌乃心苗。红为本色。故吉。黑为水色。故凶。凡舌硬。舌肿。舌卷。舌短舌强
者。十救一二。舌缩神昏。脉脱者死。阴阳易。舌出数寸者死。夏月黑胎可治。冬月黑胎难治
。黑胎刮不去。易生刺裂者死。凡见舌胎。以井水浸青布。擦净舌胎。薄荷细末。蜜调敷之
。吐舌者。掺冰片末。即收。
耳叶红润者吉或黄或白。或黑或青。枯燥者凶。耳聋肿痛。属少阳可治。耳聋舌卷唇青
身轻能转侧吉。身重难转侧凶。凡阴症。手足冷。蜷卧恶寒。好向壁卧。闭目恶明。懒
见人
。头重视深。天柱骨倒者死。循衣摸床。两手撮空。神去而魂乱也。脉浮而洪。身汗如油。
喘而不休。形体不仁。乍静乍乱。此为命绝。
（少阴咽中有疮则不语太阴火来乘金则无声）
出言壮厉。先轻后重为外感有余之症语言懒怯。先重后轻。为内伤不足之症。怒骂叫号
。奔走不定。谓之狂言。无人则言。见人则止。谓之独言。语无伦次。数数更端。谓之谵语。一
事一语。频频谆复。谓之郑声。睡则多言。唤醒则止。谓之睡中呢喃。出言不正。旋自知
非。谓之错语。鼻塞声重为伤风。唇疮声哑为狐惑。口噤挛搐为痉症。鼻鼾语涩为风温。（
笑为心声呼为肝声哭为肺声歌为脾声呻为肾声）
嘴唇焦黑是脾经有热。嘴唇肿胀发红是热邪极盛。嘴唇发青黑是寒邪极重。口苦是胆经有热。口甜是脾经有热。口干咽燥是肾经有热。舌体干燥且口渴是胃经有热。牙关紧闭是痉病（痉挛性疾病）。上唇生疮，是狐虫侵蚀内脏。下唇生疮，是惑虫侵蚀肛门。嘴唇发青、舌头卷缩，或口唇四周反现青色，口周颜色黧黑，呼吸急促如鱼口，口唇颤动摇晃，气息呼出后不再吸入，这些都是死症。
舌苔呈现青色，说明无胎元（预后不良）；舌苔在半表半里之间，表现为白色且滑润；在里证则舌苔发黄；热邪极盛则舌苔变黑并伴有芒刺；若舌苔黑但不热、不渴，且有津液，属于寒证。舌为心之苗窍，红色是本色，所以主吉。黑色属水色，所以主凶。凡是舌体僵硬、肿胀、卷缩、短小或强直者，十人中只能救活一二。舌体缩入、神志昏迷、脉象微弱欲绝者死。阴阳易病（伤寒愈后因房事复感邪气），舌伸出数寸者死。夏季出现黑苔尚可治疗，冬季出现黑苔难治。黑苔刮不掉，且容易生出芒刺裂口者死。凡见到舌苔，用井水浸湿青布擦拭干净舌苔，再用薄荷细末调蜂蜜敷贴。吐舌者，撒冰片粉末，舌头即可收回。
耳廓红润者吉，若呈黄色、白色、黑色或青色，且干枯者凶。耳聋伴肿痛，属少阳病，可治。耳聋、舌卷、唇青者（预后不良）。
身体轻机能转动侧身者吉，身体沉重难以转动侧身者凶。凡是阴证，手足冰冷，蜷缩卧倒，恶寒，喜欢面向墙壁躺卧，闭目畏光，懒得见人，头重抬不起，天柱骨（颈部大筋）倒伏者死。循衣摸床，两手虚空抓握，是神气离去而魂乱的表现。脉象浮而洪大，身体出汗如油，喘息不止，形体麻木不知痛痒，时而安静时而躁乱，这是命绝之兆。
（少阴病咽喉中有疮疡则不能言语，太阴火邪乘袭肺金则声音嘶哑）
说话声音壮厉，先轻后重，是外感有余的病症；语言懒弱怯懦，先重后轻，是内伤不足的病症。怒骂叫号，奔走不定，称为狂言。无人时说话，有人时停止，称为独言。语无伦次，频繁更换话题，称为谵语。一事一语，频频重复，称为郑声。睡梦中多言，唤醒则停止，称为睡中呢喃。说话不正，随即自知错误，称为错语。鼻塞声重是伤风。唇疮声哑是狐惑病。牙关紧闭、抽搐是痉症。鼻鼾、言语涩滞是风温。（笑由心生，呼由肝发，哭由肺出，歌由脾发，呻吟由肾出）
The lips being scorched and black indicate Spleen Heat. Swelling and redness indicate excessive Heat. Cyanosis and blackness indicate extreme Cold. Bitter taste in the mouth indicates Gallbladder Heat. Sweet taste in the mouth indicates Spleen Heat. Dry mouth and throat indicate Kidney Heat. A dry tongue with thirst indicates Stomach Heat. Lockjaw (Trismus) indicates Spasm disease (Jing Feng). Sores on the upper lip indicate Fox worms eating the viscera. Sores on the lower lip indicate Huo worms eating the anus. Cyanotic lips with a curled tongue, inverted cyanosis of the lips, blackening around the mouth, rapid breathing like a fish's gills, trembling of the lips and mouth, and breath that does not return are all death omens.
A greenish coating on the tongue indicates no fetal qi (poor prognosis); a white and slippery coating indicates the pathogen is at the Half-Exterior and Half-Interior level; a yellow coating indicates the pathogen is in the Interior; a black coating with prickles indicates excessive Heat. If the coating is black but without heat or thirst, and has moisture, it indicates Cold syndrome. The tongue is the sprout of the Heart; red is its natural color, so it is auspicious. Black corresponds to the Water element, so it is inauspicious. Any condition involving a stiff, swollen, curled, short, or rigid tongue allows for only one or two recoveries out of ten. Tongue retraction with coma and pulse depletion indicates death. In Yin Yang Yi disease (recrudescence after recovery due to sexual intercourse), protrusion of the tongue several inches indicates death. A black coating in summer is treatable; in winter, it is difficult to treat. A black coating that cannot be scraped off and easily develops prickles and cracks indicates death. For any observed tongue coating, soak a blue cloth in well water, wipe the coating clean, and apply a mixture of fine mint powder and honey. For protruding tongue, sprinkle borneol powder, and the tongue will retract.
Red and moist earlobes are auspicious; if they are yellow, white, black, or cyanotic and dry, it is inauspicious. Deafness with swelling and pain belongs to Shaoyang disease and is treatable. Deafness with tongue retraction and cyanotic lips [indicates poor prognosis]. Light body capable of turning over is auspicious; heavy body difficult to turn over is inauspicious. In Yin syndromes, cold hands and feet, curling up in sleep, aversion to cold, preference for lying facing the wall, closing eyes and aversion to light, and reluctance to see people are signs. Heavy head unable to lift, and collapse of the Tianzhu bone (neck muscles) indicate death. Picking at clothes and bedclothes, grasping at empty air with both hands, indicate the departure of Shen (Spirit) and disorder of Hun (Ethereal Soul). Floating and surging pulse, sweating like oil, continuous panting, insensitivity of the body, alternating quietness and agitation indicate the end of life.
(If there are ulcers in the throat in Shaoyin disease, speech is lost; if Fire from Taiyin attacks Metal [Lung], voice is lost.)
Loud speech, starting light and becoming heavy, indicates an excess syndrome of external contraction. Lazy and timid speech, starting heavy and becoming light, indicates a deficiency syndrome of internal injury. Cursing, shouting, running about不定ly is called Kuang Yan (Manic speech). Speaking when alone and stopping when seeing others is called Du Yan (Solitary speech). Disordered speech, frequently changing topics, is called Chan Yu (Delirious speech). Repeating the same matter and words repeatedly is called Zheng Sheng (Monotonous speech). Talking much during sleep and stopping upon awakening is called Sleep Murmuring. Speaking incorrectly and then realizing the error is called Cuo Yu (Wrong speech). Nasal congestion and heavy voice indicate Wind-Cold invasion. Lip sores and hoarseness indicate Hu Huo disease. Lockjaw and convulsions indicate Jing Syndrome (Spasm). Snoring and slurred speech indicate Wind-Warmth. (Laughter originates from the Heart, calling from the Liver, crying from the Lung, singing from the Spleen, and groaning from the Kidney.)