诸风掉眩，皆属于肝。甲乙木也，木郁达之。
诸寒收引，皆属于肾。壬癸水也，水郁泄之。
诸气 郁，皆属于肺。庚辛金也，金郁折之。
诸湿肿满，皆属于脾。戊己土也，土郁夺之。
诸痛痒疮疡，皆属于心。丙丁火也，火郁发之。
诸热瞀 ，皆属于火。
诸厥固泄，皆属于下。（下，谓下焦，肝肾气也。夫守司于下，肾之气也。门户束要，肝之气
也。故厥、固、泄、皆属下也。厥谓气逆也。固谓禁固也。满气逆上行，反谓固不禁，出入
无度，燥湿不恒，皆由下焦主守也。）
诸痿喘呕皆属于上。（上，谓上焦心肺气也。炎热薄烁，承热分化，肺之气也。
诸禁鼓栗，如丧神守，皆属于火。热之内作。
诸颈项强，皆属于湿。太阳伤湿。
诸逆冲上，皆属于火。炎上之性用也。
诸胀腹大，皆属于热。热郁于内，肺胀于上。
诸躁狂越，皆属于火。热盛于胃及四末也。
诸暴强直，皆属于风。阳内郁而阴行于外。
诸病有声，鼓之如鼓，皆属于热。
诸热 肿，疼酸惊骇，皆属于火。
诸转反戾，水液混浊，皆属于热。反戾，筋转也。水液，小便也。
诸病水液，澄沏清冷，皆属于寒。上下所出，及吐出、溺出。
诸呕吐酸，暴注下迫，皆属于热。
故《大要》曰∶谨守病机，各司其属。有者求之，无者求之。盛者责之，虚者责之。必先
五胜，疏其血气，令其调达，而致和平。此之谓也。五胜，谓五行更胜也。
凡是风邪引起的肢体震颤、头晕目眩，病机都归属于肝。肝在五行中属木（甲乙木），对于木气郁结的情况，应当采用疏达的方法治疗。
凡是寒邪引起的肢体收缩、筋脉牵引拘急，病机都归属于肾。肾在五行中属水（壬癸水），对于水气郁结的情况，应当采用泄下的方法治疗。
凡是气机阻滞、痞闷不畅，病机都归属于肺。肺在五行中属金（庚辛金），对于金气郁结的情况，应当采用制约折损的方法治疗。
凡是湿邪引起的浮肿、胀满，病机都归属于脾。脾在五行中属土（戊己土），对于土气郁结的情况，应当采用攻夺泻下的方法治疗。
凡是疼痛、瘙痒、疮疡肿毒，病机都归属于心。心在五行中属火（丙丁火），对于火气郁结的情况，应当采用发散透邪的方法治疗。
凡是四肢厥冷、二便闭塞或失禁，病机都归属于下焦。（所谓“下”，指的是下焦，即肝肾之气。主宰封藏于下的是肾气；控制门户开合的是肝气。所以厥逆、闭塞、泄利等症状，都归属于下焦。所谓“厥”，是指气机逆乱；所谓“固”，是指禁闭不通。如果气逆上行，反而表现为不禁固，出入没有节制，燥湿变化无常，这都是由下焦的主守功能失常所致。）
凡是痿证、气喘、呕吐，病机都归属于上焦。（所谓“上”，指的是上焦心肺之气。火热之邪迫灼消烁，承接热势而分化，这是肺气的作用。）
凡是口噤不开、鼓颔战栗，如同失去了神志的守护，病机都归属于火邪。这是热气在内作祟的表现。
凡是气机逆乱冲向上方，病机都归属于火邪。这是火性炎上的特性使然。
凡是腹部胀大，病机都归属于热邪。热邪郁结于体内，导致肺气壅胀于上。
凡是烦躁不安、狂乱越常，病机都归属于火邪。这是热盛于胃腑及四肢末梢所致。
凡是突然发生的身体强直僵硬，病机都归属于风邪。这是阳气内郁而阴气行于体表所致。
凡是身体扭转、角弓反张，小便浑浊，病机都归属于热邪。“反戾”指筋脉扭转，“水液”指小便。
凡是排出的水液，清澈透明、寒冷，病机都归属于寒邪。这包括上下排泄物以及呕吐物、尿液等。
凡是呕吐酸水、突然剧烈腹泻且伴有里急后重感，病机都归属于热邪。
所以《大要》中说：谨慎地把握病机，分别审视其所属的脏腑经络。有这种征象的要探究原因，没有这种征象的也要探究原因。实证责之于邪气盛，虚证责之于正气虚。必须首先分析五行胜复的变化规律，疏通患者的气血，使其调和畅达，从而达到平衡和谐的状态。说的就是这个道理。“五胜”，指的是五行之间的更替克制关系。
All cases of wind-induced tremors and vertigo are attributed to the Liver. The Liver corresponds to Wood (Jia-Yi Wood) in the Five Elements; when Wood Qi is stagnant, it should be dispersed and unblocked.
All cases of cold-induced contraction and pulling are attributed to the Kidney. The Kidney corresponds to Water (Ren-Gui Water) in the Five Elements; when Water Qi is stagnant, it should be drained and purged.
All cases of Qi stagnation and obstruction are attributed to the Lung. The Lung corresponds to Metal (Geng-Xin Metal) in the Five Elements; when Metal Qi is stagnant, it should be restrained and broken.
All cases of dampness-induced edema and fullness are attributed to the Spleen. The Spleen corresponds to Earth (Wu-Ji Earth) in the Five Elements; when Earth Qi is stagnant, it should be attacked and purged.
All cases of pain, itching, sores, and ulcers are attributed to the Heart. The Heart corresponds to Fire (Bing-Ding Fire) in the Five Elements; when Fire Qi is stagnant, it should be diffused and released.
All cases of high fever with mental confusion and visual impairment are attributed to Fire.
All cases of Jue syndrome (cold extremities), constipation, and incontinence are attributed to the Lower Jiao. ("Lower" refers to the Lower Jiao, specifically the Qi of the Liver and Kidneys. The function of guarding and storing below belongs to Kidney Qi; the control of the gates and openings belongs to Liver Qi. Therefore, Jue, constipation, and diarrhea are all attributed to the Lower Jiao. "Jue" refers to rebellious Qi; "Gu" refers to retention or blockage. If Qi rebels upward, it may manifest as a lack of retention, with unregulated excretion and fluctuating dryness and moisture, all due to the dysfunction of the Lower Jiao's guarding role.)
All cases of Wei syndrome (flaccidity), asthma, and vomiting are attributed to the Upper Jiao. ("Upper" refers to the Qi of the Upper Jiao, i.e., the Heart and Lung. Heat and fire scorch and consume, and the Lung Qi manages the differentiation of heat.)
All cases of mouth closure, shivering, and chattering teeth, resembling a loss of spiritual control, are attributed to Fire. This is caused by internal heat.
All cases of neck and nape stiffness are attributed to Dampness. This results from Dampness injuring the Taiyang channel.
All cases of rebellious Qi rushing upward are attributed to Fire. This is due to the nature of Fire flaming upward.
All cases of abdominal distension and enlargement are attributed to Heat. Heat stagnates internally, causing Lung Qi to swell in the upper body.
All cases of restlessness, mania, and unruliness are attributed to Fire. This is due to excessive heat in the Stomach and the four extremities.
All cases of sudden rigidity and stiffness are attributed to Wind. This occurs when Yang Qi is stagnant internally while Yin Qi circulates externally.
All cases of diseases accompanied by sounds, where percussion of the abdomen produces a drum-like sound, are attributed to Heat.
All cases of high fever, swelling, pain, soreness, fright, and terror are attributed to Fire.
All cases of twisting, opisthotonos, and turbid urine are attributed to Heat. "Opisthotonos" refers to tendon twisting; "water fluid" refers to urine.
All cases of discharged fluids that are clear, transparent, and cold are attributed to Cold. This includes discharges from above and below, as well as vomit and urine.
All cases of vomiting acid, sudden violent diarrhea, and tenesmus are attributed to Heat.
Therefore, the *Da Yao* states: "Carefully observe the pathogenesis, and assign each condition to its respective category. Investigate those that are present, and investigate those that are absent. Hold responsible the excess conditions, and hold responsible the deficiency conditions. First, analyze the mutual overcoming of the Five Phases, dredge the Blood and Qi, ensure their smooth flow and distribution, and thereby achieve harmony and peace." This is what is meant. "Five Phases overcoming" refers to the cyclical restriction among the Five Elements.