小儿过食生冷，以致寒邪凝结，肠鸣腹胀，时复疼痛，所泻皆澄澈清冷，面色淡白，四肢厥冷，饮食懒进，
古方主理中汤以温中（方见前）。
止泻，古方主诃子散（如面煨诃子、肉豆蔻、土炒白术、人参、茯苓、煨木香、陈皮、炙甘草，共为细末），
每服一钱，姜汤调服。
〔真按〕小儿寒泻，但用炒白术钱半，赤茯苓二钱，白通草五分，结猪苓二钱，白泽泻钱半，引用北干姜二片。
小儿因脏腑积热，或外伤暑热，故泻时暴注下迫，肚腹疼
痛，心烦口渴，泻多黄水，小便赤色，古法主先用玉露饮清其热（如寒水石、石膏、生甘草，共为细末），量儿
大小，温汤不拘时调服，再用四苓汤利其水（如茯苓、白术、猪苓、泽泻，引用灯芯）。
〔真按〕小儿火泻，但用飞滑石三钱，生甘草五分，煎服后，再以云茯苓二钱，生金钱术一钱，结猪苓钱半，
炒泽泻钱半，车前子八分，淡竹叶一钱，引用灯芯七茎，荷叶露半两，冲服。
小儿因气弱受惊，其候夜卧不安，昼则惊惕，粪稠若胶，色青如苔，古法主镇心抑肝。先以抑脾定惊散定其
惊（如人参、白术、茯苓各三钱，镜面朱砂八分，钩藤二钱，炙甘草五分，共为细末）。每服一钱，灯芯汤调服。
次以养脾丸理其脾（如人参、白术、当归、川芎各三钱，醋炒青皮、煨木香、姜炒黄连、陈皮各二钱，炒神
曲、山楂、缩砂仁、炒麦芽各一钱，共研细末。神曲糊为丸，如麻子大）。每服二十丸，陈仓米煎汤化服。
〔真按〕小儿惊泻，若用古之镇惊理脾二方，诚恐肝不能抑，心不能镇，而脾亦不能理，多生变端，盖儿因惊而
始泻，只要化其惊而泻自无不止，方用朱砂拌茯苓钱半，白泽泻一钱，细木通八分，赤茯苓一钱，炒白芍一钱，
引用金银器煎汤，代水煎药。
小儿因过量食用生冷食物，导致寒邪凝结，出现肠鸣、腹胀，时常伴有疼痛，排泄物清澈寒冷，面色淡白，四肢冰冷，食欲减退。
古方主张使用理中汤（方剂见前文）来温补中焦。
止泻方面，古方主张使用诃子散（包含面煨诃子、肉豆蔻、土炒白术、人参、茯苓、煨木香、陈皮、炙甘草，共研为细末），每次服用一钱，用姜汤调服。
〔真按〕治疗小儿寒泻，仅需用炒白术一钱半，赤茯苓二钱，白通草五分，猪苓二钱，白泽泻一钱半，引用北干姜两片煎服。
小儿因脏腑内有积热，或外受暑热侵袭，因此腹泻时急迫暴注，腹部疼痛，心烦口渴，排泄大量黄水，小便颜色红赤。古法主张先用玉露饮清除热邪（包含寒水石、石膏、生甘草，共研为细末），根据患儿年龄大小，用温开水不拘时间调服；再用四苓汤利水渗湿（包含茯苓、白术、猪苓、泽泻，引用灯芯草）。
〔真按〕治疗小儿火泻，仅需用飞滑石三钱，生甘草五分，煎服后，再用云茯苓二钱，生金钱术一钱，猪苓一钱半，炒泽泻一钱半，车前子八分，淡竹叶一钱，引用七茎灯芯草和半两荷叶露冲服。
小儿因气虚受惊，表现为夜间睡眠不安，白天容易惊惕，粪便稠厚如胶状，颜色青绿如同苔藓。古法主张先镇心安神、抑制肝风。首先使用抑脾定惊散来安定惊悸（包含人参、白术、茯苓各三钱，镜面朱砂八分，钩藤二钱，炙甘草五分，共研为细末）。每次服用一钱，用灯芯草汤调服。
其次使用养脾丸调理脾胃（包含人参、白术、当归、川芎各三钱，醋炒青皮、煨木香、姜炒黄连、陈皮各二钱，炒神曲、山楂、缩砂仁、炒麦芽各一钱，共研为细末，用神曲糊制成丸药，大小如麻子）。每次服用二十丸，用陈仓米煎成的汤送服化开。
〔真按〕治疗小儿惊泻，如果沿用古法中的镇惊和理脾两个方剂，确实担心无法有效抑制肝风和镇安心神，且脾胃也难以调理，容易产生变证。因为小儿是因受惊才开始腹泻，只要化解了惊悸，腹泻自然停止。方剂选用朱砂拌茯苓一钱半，白泽泻一钱，细木通八分，赤茯苓一钱，炒白芍一钱，引用金银器煎成的汤代水煎药。
Pediatric patients who consume excessive amounts of raw and cold foods may suffer from the condensation of Cold Evil (pathogenic cold), resulting in borborygmus (intestinal rumbling) and abdominal distension, with intermittent pain. The stool is clear and cold in nature, accompanied by a pale complexion, cold extremities, and loss of appetite.
Ancient formulas recommend Lizhong Tang (Replenish the Middle Decoction) to warm the Middle Jiao (the digestive system).
To stop diarrhea, ancient formulas recommend Hezi San (Chebula Powder), which consists of Chebulae Fructus (Hezi, 诃子) roasted in flour, Myristicae Semen (Roudoukou, 肉豆蔻), Atractodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) stir-fried with soil, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, 木香) roasted, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) honey-fried, all ground into fine powder. One qian is taken each time, mixed with ginger decoction.
[Commentary] For pediatric cold diarrhea, simply use Atractodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) stir-fried, one and a half qian; Red Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓), two qian; Trogopterori Fa (Baitongcao, 白通草), five fen; Polyporus (Zhuling, 猪苓), two qian; Alismatis Rhizoma (Baize Xie, 白泽泻), one and a half qian; and Northern Zingiberis Rhizoma (Beiganjiang, 北干姜), two slices, as the guiding drug.
Pediatric patients may suffer from accumulated heat in the Zang-Fu organs or external invasion of Summerheat-Evil, leading to sudden, urgent diarrhea with tenesmus, abdominal pain, irritability, thirst, passage of large amounts of yellow fluid, and dark red urine. Ancient methods recommend first using Yulu Yin (Jade Dew Drink) to clear heat, consisting of Metalli Silicatis Hydroxidum (Hanshuishi, 寒水石), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), and Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Sheng Gancao, 生甘草), ground into fine powder. Administer according to the child's age with warm water at any time. Subsequently, use Siling Tang (Four-Ingredient Decoction for Diuresis) to promote diuresis, consisting of Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Atractodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Polyporus (Zhuling, 猪苓), and Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻), with Centelli Herba (Dengxincao, 灯芯) as the guiding drug.
[Commentary] For pediatric fire diarrhea, simply use Calcined Kaolin (Fei Huashi, 飞滑石), three qian, and Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Sheng Gancao, 生甘草), five fen, decocted and taken. Thereafter, use Cloud Poria (Yun Fuling, 云茯苓), two qian, Atractodis Rhizoma (Sheng Jinqian Shu, 生金钱术), one qian, Polyporus (Zhuling, 猪苓), one and a half qian, Stir-fried Alismatis Rhizoma (Chao Zexie, 炒泽泻), one and a half qian, Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi, 车前子), eight fen, Lophatheri Herba (Dan Zhuye, 淡竹叶), one qian, seven stalks of Centelli Herba (Dengxincao, 灯芯) as the guiding drug, and half a liang of Lotus Leaf Dew (Heye Lu, 荷叶露) mixed in.
Pediatric patients with weak Qi may be startled, presenting with restless sleep at night and startle responses during the day. The stool is thick and gelatinous, green in color like moss. Ancient methods recommend calming the Heart and suppressing the Liver. First, use Yipi Dingjing San (Spleen-Calming and Startle-Settling Powder) to settle the startle, consisting of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Atractodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), and Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), each three qian; Mirror-Surface Cinnabar (Jingmian Zhusha, 镜面朱砂), eight fen; Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (Gouteng, 钩藤), two qian; and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) honey-fried, five fen, all ground into fine powder. Take one qian each time, mixed with Centelli Herba (Dengxincao, 灯芯) decoction.
Secondly, use Yangpi Wan (Spleen-Nourishing Pill) to regulate the Spleen, consisting of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Atractodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), and Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), each three qian; Green Tangerine Peel (Qingpi, 青皮) vinegar-fried, Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, 木香) roasted, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) ginger-fried, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), each two qian; Fermented Soybean Mass (Shenqu, 神曲), Hawthorn Fruit (Shanzha, 山楂), Amomi Fructus (Suosharen, 缩砂仁), and Malty (Maiya, 麦芽) stir-fried, each one qian, all ground into fine powder. Form pills using Shenqu paste, sized like sesame seeds. Take twenty pills each time, dissolved in decoction made from aged rice grains (Chencangmi, 陈仓米).
[Commentary] For pediatric startle diarrhea, if ancient formulas for calming startle and regulating the spleen are used, it is feared that the Liver cannot be suppressed and the Heart cannot be calmed, nor can the Spleen be regulated properly, potentially leading to complications. Since the diarrhea starts due to startle, resolving the startle will naturally stop the diarrhea. Use Cinnabar-coated Poria (Zhusha Ban Fuling, 朱砂拌茯苓), one and a half qian; White Alismatis Rhizoma (Baize Xie, 白泽泻), one qian; Fine Akebiae Caulis (Xi Mutong, 细木通), eight fen; Red Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓), one qian; Stir-fried Paeoniae Radix Alba (Chao Baishao, 炒白芍), one qian. Use decoction made from silver and gold vessels as water for decocting the herbs.