经曰∶ 疟皆生于风。又曰∶夏伤于暑，秋必 疟，推原其故，夏伤暑，其气舍于营内，至秋后感寒风，则
营卫合邪而成疟。此证发时，或寒或热者，阴阳相并也，每日发一次者，因初病邪气尚浅，伏藏于营，随经络而行
故也，其间日发一次者，因邪已深入脊膂间，伏藏于冲脉故也。又发在子后午前者，因邪在三阳，其邪尚浅，发
在午后子前者，因邪在三阴，其邪已深；发在夏至后处暑前者，三阳受病犹浅，发在处暑后冬至前者，三阴之病乃
深。是以疟后必有寒有热，外邪伏于半表半里，正在少阳所主之界，出与阳争，阴胜则寒；入与阴争，阳胜则热，
即纯热无寒为温疟，纯寒无热为牝疟，皆自少阳而造其极偏，少谓阳而兼他经则有之，谓他经而不涉少阳，则不成
其为疟矣。疟不离于少阳，犹咳嗽不离于肺，温疟牝疟，亦必还返少阳之界，使阴阳协和，而后能愈。小儿脾胃
素弱，故风、寒、暑、湿、食五者之邪，得以乘之。治法宜分国中末三期，初期正气未伤，宜用疏解，中期正气渐
伤，宜用和解，末期正不敌邪，宜用调补。尤当以寒热多少，禀受强弱，参酌得宜，无论何疟，皆可应手而治，
因作疟解。
小儿风疟，身必有汗，因先伤于风，后伤于寒，故先热后寒，热多寒少，古法主桂枝羌活汤（如羌活、防风、
桂枝、生甘草，引用生姜）。
〔真按〕风属阳邪，然风为阳中之凉气，小儿因感寒风而发
热疟，恶风自汗，烦渴头痛，谓之风疟，身即自汗，羌防过于温散，切忌发汗过多，大伤元气。方用杭青皮一钱，
真广皮一钱，云茯苓二钱，法半夏一钱，漂白术六分，炙苏子七分，芽桔梗五分，尖槟榔五分，嫩桂枝三分，引
用生姜一薄片。
若服轻解之剂，其疟已止，再方用结洋参一钱，生于术钱半，云茯苓二钱，炙甘草五分，真广皮八分，油浓朴
六分，以调补之。
《内经》说：疟疾都是由于风邪引起的。又说：夏季感受暑邪，到了秋季必定发生疟疾。推究其根本原因，夏季感受暑邪，其邪气潜伏在营分之内，到了秋季再感受寒风，则营卫二气同时受邪而形成疟疾。此证发作时，有时发冷有时发热，是因为阴阳之气相互交争；每天发作一次的，是因为初病时邪气尚浅，潜伏在营分，随着经络运行所致；每隔一天发作一次的，是因为邪气已经深入脊膂之间，潜伏在冲脉所致。又发作时间在半夜过后到中午之前的，是因为邪气在三阳经，邪气尚浅；发作时间在中午之后到半夜之前的，是因为邪气在三阴经，邪气已深；发作时间在夏至后、处暑前的，是三阳经受病，病情尚浅；发作时间在处暑后、冬至前的，是三阴经受病，病情已深。因此疟疾发作后必然有寒有热，外邪潜伏在半表半里之间，正是少阳经所主的区域，邪气外出与阳气相争，阴气胜则发冷；邪气内入与阴气相争，阳气胜则发热。即纯热无寒的为温疟（Warm Malaria），纯寒无热的为牝疟（Cold Malaria），这些都是从少阳经发展到极偏的状态。少阳经可以兼及其他经脉的病变，但如果说其他经脉的病变不涉及少阳经，就不能称之为疟疾了。疟疾离不开少阳经，就像咳嗽离不开肺脏一样，温疟和牝疟，也必然会回归到少阳经的范围，使阴阳调和，然后才能痊愈。小儿脾胃素来虚弱，所以风、寒、暑、湿、食五种邪气，得以乘虚侵袭。治疗方法应当分为初、中、末三期，初期正气未受损，宜用疏解法；中期正气逐渐受损，宜用和解法；末期正气不敌邪气，宜用调补法。尤其应当根据寒热的多少、体质的强弱，斟酌得当，无论何种疟疾，都可以应手而愈，因此撰写了这篇《疟解》。
小儿风疟，身体必然有汗，因为先伤于风邪，后伤于寒邪，所以先发高热后发冷，热多寒少。古法主治方剂为桂枝羌活汤（包含羌活、防风、桂枝、生甘草，煎服时加入生姜作为药引）。
〔真按〕风属于阳邪，然而风是阳中的凉气，小儿因感受寒风而引发发热疟疾，表现为恶风、自汗、烦躁口渴、头痛，称为风疟。既然身体已经有自汗，羌活、防风过于温燥发散，切忌发汗过多，以免大伤元气。处方使用杭青皮一钱，真广皮一钱，云茯苓二钱，法半夏一钱，漂白术六分，炙苏子七分，芽桔梗五分，尖槟榔五分，嫩桂枝三分，引用生姜一薄片。
如果服用轻度的疏解剂后，疟疾已经停止，再用以下方剂进行调补：结洋参一钱，生于术钱半，云茯苓二钱，炙甘草五分，真广皮八分，油浓朴六分。
The *Neijing* states: All malaria arises from wind pathogen. It also states: Summer injury by heat (Shu) leads to malaria in autumn. Tracing the root cause, summer injury by heat causes its qi to lodge within the Ying (Nutrient) level; when cold wind is contracted in autumn, the Ying and Wei (Defensive) levels are simultaneously affected, resulting in malaria. During an attack, alternating chills and fever occur due to the contention between Yin and Yang. Daily attacks indicate that initially, the pathogen is shallow, lodging in the Ying level and moving along the meridians. Every-other-day attacks indicate that the pathogen has penetrated deeply into the spine and back muscles, lodging in the Chong (Penetrating) vessel. Attacks occurring after midnight but before noon suggest the pathogen is in the Three Yang meridians and remains shallow; attacks occurring after noon but before midnight suggest the pathogen is in the Three Yin meridians and has become deep. Attacks occurring after the Summer Solstice but before the End of Heat (Chushu) indicate illness in the Three Yang meridians with shallow pathology; attacks occurring after Chushu but before the Winter Solstice indicate illness in the Three Yin meridians with deep pathology. Therefore, malaria invariably presents with both chills and fever. The external pathogen lies latent in the half-exterior, half-interior region, which is the domain governed by Shaoyang (Lesser Yang). When the pathogen moves outward to contend with Yang, Yin prevails, causing chills; when it moves inward to contend with Yin, Yang prevails, causing fever. Pure fever without chills is termed Wen Malaria (Warm Malaria); pure chills without fever are termed Pin Malaria (Cold Malaria). Both represent extremes deviating from Shaoyang. While Shaoyang may involve other meridians, if a condition does not involve Shaoyang, it cannot be classified as malaria. Malaria is inseparable from Shaoyang, just as coughing is inseparable from the Lung. Wen Malaria and Pin Malaria must also return to the Shaoyang realm for Yin and Yang to harmonize before recovery can occur. Children’s Spleen and Stomach are inherently weak; thus, pathogens of Wind, Cold, Heat, Dampness, and Food stagnation can easily invade. Treatment should be divided into three stages: early, middle, and late. In the early stage, when Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) is unharmed, dispersing and resolving methods are appropriate. In the middle stage, as Zheng Qi gradually declines, harmonizing methods are appropriate. In the late stage, when Zheng Qi cannot resist the pathogen, regulating and tonifying methods are appropriate. One must carefully consider the degree of chills and fever and the strength of constitution. Regardless of the type of malaria, treatment can be effective. Hence, this treatise on Malaria (*Mie Jie*) is composed.
Pediatric Wind Malaria is characterized by sweating, as the patient first suffers from Wind pathogen and subsequently from Cold pathogen, resulting in initial high fever followed by chills, with more heat than cold. Ancient methods prescribe Guizhi Qianghuo Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Notopterygium Decoction), containing Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle), with Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) as a guiding herb.
[True's Commentary] Wind belongs to Yang pathogen, yet wind is cool qi within Yang. Pediatric feverish malaria caused by contracting cold wind presents with aversion to wind, spontaneous sweating, irritability, thirst, and headache, termed Wind Malaria. Since spontaneous sweating is already present, Qianghuo and Fangfeng are too warming and dispersing. One must strictly avoid excessive sweating, which severely damages Yuan Qi (Source Qi). The prescription uses Hang Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, one qian), Zhen Guangpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, one qian), Yun Fuling (Poria, two qian), Fa Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, one qian), Piao Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, six fen), Zhi Suzi (Perillae Fructus, seven fen), Ya Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, five fen), Jian Binglang (Arecae Semen, five fen), Nen Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, three fen), with one thin slice of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) as a guide.
If mild dispersing agents stop the malaria, subsequent treatment for regulation and tonification uses Jie Yangshen (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix, one qian), Sheng Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, one and a half qian), Yun Fuling (Poria, two qian), Zhi Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle, five fen), Zhen Guangpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, eight fen), and You Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, six fen).