小儿鹤膝,因禀受肾虚,血气不充,以致肌肉瘦削,形如鹤膝,外色不变,膝内作痛,屈伸艰难。若掀肿色
赤而作脓者,为外因。但用十全大补汤加苍术、黄柏、防己,煎服。其肿硬色白不作脓者,则属本性,但用六味
地黄汤加鹿茸,补其精血,仍须调养脾胃,以助生化之源。
小儿脱肛不收,久则坚硬难入,急用五倍子三钱,白矾少许,煎浓汤乘热熏洗。再用 龙骨三钱,木贼草
(烧存性)二钱五分,共研极细末,搽肛自敛。
风者,善行而又善变者也。然风之所以善变,一则随天行四时之气候而变,再者随人具五脏六腑之气候而
变。其变随四时之气候者,风在春为调畅之温风,在夏为南北薰之热风,在秋为凄其之凉风,在冬为 发之寒风,
此风随天时而变之出乎天然也,其变随脏腑之气候者,风在肝则为热,风在脾而兼在肾则为寒为湿,风在胃而兼
在肺则为燥,风在脾而兼在肝,则又为痰为湿,此风随脏腑而变之本乎自然也。经曰∶贼风虚邪,避之有时。何
以谓之贼风。如立春日起,肝木主七十二日,西风为贼邪,金克木也。立夏日起,心火主七十二日,北风为贼邪,
水克火也。立秋日起,肺金主七十二日,南风为贼邪,火克金也。立冬日起,肾水主七十二日,西南风为贼邪,
土克水也。三、六、九、十二月脾土。每季主十八日,东风为贼邪,木克土也。此对冲之风,最易伤人。然小儿
之中气足,腠理密者,虽遇对冲之风,皆不能伤。其为风所伤者,多属怯弱之儿。然亦有壮盛之儿,因饮食起居
不慎,风邪遂乘其隙而入者,为伤风病。
小儿鹤膝风,是由于先天禀赋肾虚,导致血气不充盈,致使肌肉消瘦萎缩,膝盖形状像鹤的膝关节一样(上细下粗),外部肤色没有变化,但膝盖内部感到疼痛,屈伸活动困难。如果膝盖红肿发热、颜色发红并化脓的,属于外因所致。治疗时仅使用十全大补汤(具有益气补血功效的方剂)加入苍术、黄柏、防己,煎煮后服用。如果肿胀坚硬、颜色发白且不化脓的,则属于本性(内伤虚损)所致,仅使用六味地黄汤(滋补肾阴的方剂)加入鹿茸,以补充精血,同时必须调养脾胃,以助益气血生化之源。
小儿脱肛(直肠脱出肛门)不能回纳,时间久了会变得坚硬难以推入,应立即用五倍子三钱,白矾少许,煎煮成浓汤,趁热熏蒸清洗患处。然后再取龙骨三钱,木贼草(烧至存性,即保留药物基本性质而炭化)二钱五分,共同研磨成极细的粉末,涂抹于肛门处,使其自然收敛复位。
风邪,特点是善于游走变动且善于变化。然而风之所以善于变化,一方面随着自然界四季气候的变化而变化,另一方面随着人体五脏六腑的状态变化而变化。其随四季气候变化的情况是:风在春季为调畅筋脉的温风,在夏季为南北吹拂的热风,在秋季为凄清的凉风,在冬季为凛冽的寒风,这是风随天时变化而出于天然的特性。其随脏腑状态变化的情况是:风在肝则表现为热,风在脾兼及肾则表现为寒和湿,风在胃兼及肺则表现为燥,风在脾兼及肝则又表现为痰和湿,这是风随脏腑变化而本乎自然的特性。《内经》说:“贼风虚邪,应当适时避开。”什么叫贼风呢?例如立春日起,肝木主事七十二天,西风为贼邪,因为金克木。立夏日起,心火主事七十二天,北风为贼邪,因为水克火。立秋日起,肺金主事七十二天,南风为贼邪,因为火克金。立冬日起,肾水主事七十二天,西南风为贼邪,因为土克水。三月、六月、九月、十二月为脾土主事之时,每季各主十八天,东风为贼邪,因为木克土。这种对冲的风,最容易伤害人体。然而小儿如果中气充足、腠理致密的,即使遇到对冲之风,也不能被伤害。那些被风所伤的,大多属于体质怯弱的儿童。但也有身体壮盛的儿童,因为饮食起居不慎,风邪便乘其间隙而入,这就形成了伤风病。
Pediatric Crisscross Knee (Crisscross Knee), caused by congenital Kidney deficiency, results in insufficient Qi and Blood, leading to emaciation of muscles. The appearance resembles the knee joint of a crane (narrow above, swollen below), with no change in external skin color, but pain inside the knee and difficulty in flexion and extension. If there is swelling, redness, heat, and pus formation, it is attributed to external causes. Treatment involves solely using Shiquan Dabu Tang (Decoction for Ten-Accumulated Tonification) added with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), and Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), decocted and taken orally. If the swelling is hard, white in color, and does not suppurate, it belongs to intrinsic nature (internal deficiency). Treatment involves solely using Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) added with Lurong (Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum) to tonify Essence and Blood. It is also necessary to regulate the Spleen and Stomach to assist the source of Qi and Blood generation.
For pediatric rectal prolapse that fails to retract, if left untreated it becomes hard and difficult to reduce. Immediately use Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis) 3 qian, and a small amount of Baijian (Alumen), decoct into a concentrated soup, and fumigate/wash the area while hot. Then, take Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Osseum Femoris) 3 qian, and Muzeicao (Equiseti Herba) (charred to retain efficacy) 2.5 qian, grind them into an extremely fine powder, and apply it to the anus to promote natural retraction.
Wind is characterized by its ability to move freely and change rapidly. However, the reason wind changes readily is twofold: first, it changes according to the climatic conditions of the four seasons; second, it changes according to the physiological states of the five Zang and six Fu organs. Regarding changes following seasonal climates: in Spring, wind is a warm breeze that promotes smooth flow; in Summer, it is a hot breeze blowing from north and south; in Autumn, it is a chilly cool breeze; in Winter, it is a biting cold wind. This represents the natural variation of wind with heavenly timing. Regarding changes following organ climates: when Wind affects the Liver, it manifests as Heat; when Wind affects the Spleen and involves the Kidney, it manifests as Cold and Dampness; when Wind affects the Stomach and involves the Lung, it manifests as Dryness; when Wind affects the Spleen and involves the Liver, it manifests as Phlegm and Dampness. This represents the natural variation of wind based on internal organs. The Classics state: "Thieving wind and empty evils should be avoided at appropriate times." What is called "thieving wind"? For example, starting from Li Chun (Start of Spring), the Liver Wood governs for 72 days; the West Wind is a thieving evil because Metal overcomes Wood. Starting from Li Xia (Start of Summer), the Heart Fire governs for 72 days; the North Wind is a thieving evil because Water overcomes Fire. Starting from Li Qiu (Start of Autumn), the Lung Metal governs for 72 days; the South Wind is a thieving evil because Fire overcomes Metal. Starting from Li Dong (Start of Winter), the Kidney Water governs for 72 days; the Southwest Wind is a thieving evil because Earth overcomes Water. In the third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth months, the Spleen Earth governs, each season having 18 days under its rule; the East Wind is a thieving evil because Wood overcomes Earth. This opposing wind is most likely to harm the human body. However, children with sufficient Middle Qi and dense Couli (pores/skin texture) cannot be harmed even by such opposing winds. Those injured by wind mostly belong to weak constitutions. Yet, there are also robust children who, due to imprudent diet and lifestyle, allow Wind Evil to enter through gaps, resulting in Shangfeng Bing (Common Cold/Wind Invasion Disease).