甲、概况
杂证咳嗽，咳嗽之属于内外因相杂者。有因哺乳及饮食不慎，误呛气管，气管受伤，以致发为咳嗽者；有
因糖醋冲犯，咸酸过食，或风寒束其外，痰涎塞其内，以致成为哮证者；有因火邪郁肺，痰不得豁，以致发为
干咳者；有因外邪不解，肺气不降，以致成为肺胀，胸高喘咳者；有因感受风寒，未经发越，停
留肺中，蕴发为热，或湿热痰涎垢腻，充塞肺窍，以致成为肺痈，咳吐脓血者。大致不越此数端，惟内外因
相杂之咳嗽，其病证之重，虽不如虚损咳嗽之甚，然原因复杂，究较单属外感者为难治。故哮证一成，往往
终身不除，一遇风寒，即便发作；而肺胀肺痈，虽经治愈，亦往往有遗留之恙。故均号称多变之病证，
医者所宜深切注意者也。
乙、治法
小儿哺乳误呛气管以致咳嗽者，必乳汁过多，不及吞咽所致。哺乳时宜手按乳房，毋使直注而下，不必
服药，咳嗽自可渐已，如为郑重计，可略进甘桔汤，或射干消毒饮之类。饮食不慎，误呛气管，以致气管受
伤，作咳不止者，宜清润之，用射干消毒饮去玄参、荆芥，加蜜炙款冬花、蜜炙冬桑叶、蜜炙枇杷叶
之属。重者喉间作水鸡之声，气道不利，呼吸困难，是为哮证，治宜降其痰而整肃其气道，不可过凉，恐
风邪难解，不可过热，恐痰火易升。遇浓味而发者，用清金丹；遇风寒而发者，用苏子
饮；哮而上气喘急，夜不能卧，用阿胶、马兜铃、甘草、半夏、杏仁、人参、桑白皮煎汤服；寒热夹杂之哮，
先用麻黄、杏仁、苏子、前胡以豁其痰，再用降气之品，或用越婢加半夏汤治之；
胸有停水而哮，酌用十枣汤以行其水；风痰骤升而哮，酌用千缗
导痰汤以疏其痰。凡哮之通治方用千金汤最妥。若汗出如油，气息上奔，出多入少者是谓之喘，其证与哮盖迥
不相同也。干咳者，火邪郁肺，痰不得出，宜先用桔梗、柴胡以开提肺气，再用生地、玉竹、甜杏仁、白蜜
之类以润之，或用逍遥散加苦桔梗以开之。肺胀者，外邪不解，喘咳胀闷，其人上气目如脱状，宜越
婢加半夏汤，心下有水，小青龙加石膏汤主之。痰夹瘀血，阻碍气机者，酌加当归、赤芍、丹皮、桃仁之类
以行其血。肺痈者，初作口中辟辟燥咳，胸中隐隐痛，宜服犀黄丸，或用薏苡仁、淡芩、丝瓜、甘草、川贝、
赤芍、栝蒌仁、桔梗、陈皮、升麻、丹皮以消之，或用金匮皂荚丸以泻之。喘不得卧，面目浮肿者，宜
葶苈大枣泻肺汤。既成之后，咳吐脓血，宜葶苈薏苡泻肺汤或排脓散。肺痈咳吐脓血不止，其势危急者，用陈
芥菜卤汁冲水饮，或用蕺莱煎汤，打鸡蛋食，均效。肺痈初起，未可断定，以生大豆试食不觉腥者是，以甘
草、桔梗各三钱煎服后，稍安者是，宜趁其未伤而泻之，自易挽回，若畏其峻而守王道之方，日久肺叶
朽烂，脓血倾囊吐出，则为难治矣。又杂证咳嗽，虽显有余之象，实为不足之征，故不问内伤外感，为热为
寒，但以人参保定肺气，自可无虑。昔贤曾定有人参清肺、人参泻肺、人参定喘汤三方，以人参之力握其枢而
斡运之，虚实之治，悉寓其中，事实虽不尽然，其理颇有可采，录仍于后，俾备参考。
附方
（一）甘桔汤 见第四章第一节。
（二）射干消毒饮 治麻疹咳嗽声喑，咽喉肿痛。
射干 玄参 连翘 荆芥 鼠粘子 甘草
（三）清金丹 治食积痰壅，哮喘咳嗽，遇浓味即发者。
莱菔子（蒸熟晒干，一两） 猪牙皂角（烧存性，三钱）
共研细末，生姜汁浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大。
（四）苏子饮（自制） 治素有哮证，遇风寒则发。
苏子（三钱） 姜汁制竹沥（一两） 法半夏 沉香 川朴（各一钱）
喘逆无汗加麻黄五分。
（五）越婢加半夏汤 治肺胀 咳而上气，其人喘，目如脱状，脉浮大。
麻黄 石膏 半夏 甘草 生姜 大枣
（六）十枣汤 见本章第三节。
（七）千缗导痰汤 治风痰哮。
半夏（七枚） 天南星 陈皮 赤茯苓 枳壳（各一钱） 皂荚（蜜炙） 甘草（蜜炙。各一寸）
加生姜五片，清水煎服。
（八）千金汤 治哮。
麻黄 桑白皮 苏子 杏仁 白果 黄芩 半夏 甘草 款冬花
清水煎服。
（九）逍遥散 治肝气抑郁，血虚火旺，寒热咳嗽，两胁作痛。
柴胡（七分） 白术（蜜水拌蒸） 茯苓 当归 白芍（各钱半） 甘草 陈皮（各八分） 薄荷叶
（五分） 煨姜（三片）
清水煎服。
（十）小青龙加石膏汤 治肺胀咳而上气，烦躁而喘，心下有水气，脉浮者。
麻黄 白芍 细辛 干姜 甘草 桂枝 半夏 五味子 石膏
（十一）犀黄丸 疗痈疽、石疽、乳岩、瘰 、痰核、恶核、横 流注、肺痈、小肠痈，一切腐烂阴疽。
犀黄（三分） 麝香（钱半） 乳香 没药（各一两）
研为细末，用煮烂黄米饭和丸如粟米大。
（十二）皂荚丸 治肺痈初起，咳逆上气，唾浊。
皂荚（刮去皮，酥炙，八两）
研为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧子大，或枣肉和丸，如绿豆大，每服数丸，枣膏和汤送下。
（十三）葶苈大枣泻肺汤 治肺痈喘不得卧，胸满胀，一身面目浮肿，鼻塞清涕出，不闻香臭酸辛，
咳逆上气，喘鸣迫塞，及支饮不得息。
葶苈 大枣
先服小青龙汤一剂，继进此方，服后，即吐脓血。忌食盐、酱等物。
（十四）葶苈薏苡泻肺汤 治肺痈初溃，唾脓血。
葶苈（酒炒研，八分） 薏苡仁（五钱） 贝母（去心，一钱六分） 甘草节（一
钱五分） 陈皮（一钱二分） 黄 （酒拌勿炒） 桔梗 忍冬 白芨（各一钱） 生姜（一片）
清水煎，食后缓缓服。初起去黄 、白芨，加防风；溃后脓尽加人参；久不敛，去葶苈加合欢皮。
（十五）排脓散 治内痈脓从便出。
枳实（十六枚） 芍药（六分） 桔梗（二分）
杵为散，以生鸡子黄一枚，以药散与鸡黄相等，揉和令相得，饮和服之。
（十六）排脓汤 治内痈脓从呕出。
甘草 桔梗 生姜 大枣
（十七）人参清肺汤 治肺胃虚寒，咳嗽喘急，坐卧不安，及久年劳嗽，吐血腥臭。
人参 阿胶 地骨皮 知母 乌梅 罂粟壳 甘草 杏仁 桑白皮（各等分）
清水煎服。
（十八）人参泻肺汤 治肺经积热上喘，胸膈胀满，痰多，大便涩。
人参 黄芩 栀子 枳壳 薄荷 甘草 连翘 杏仁 桑白皮 大黄 桔梗
清水煎服。
（十九）人参定喘汤 治肺气上逆，喉中有声，坐卧不安，胸膈紧痛。
人参 麻黄 阿胶（蛤粉炒） 半夏曲 五味子 罂粟壳（蜜炙） 甘草（炙，各一钱） 桑白皮（蜜炙，二钱）
加生姜三片，清水煎服。
（二十）姜汁背心 治寒痰壅塞经络，不时发哮。
生姜捣取自然汁，用以浆布背心，贴肉着之，数易即愈。
（二十一）甘草猪胆丸 治醋呛咳嗽。
甘草（去赤皮，二两）
用猪胆汁五枚，浸三日，取出，火上炙干为细末，炼蜜为丸。
甲、概况
杂证咳嗽，是指由内因和外因共同作用引起的咳嗽。有的因为哺乳和饮食不慎，误呛入气管，导致气管受伤，从而引发咳嗽；有的因为糖醋刺激，咸酸食物吃得过多，或者外受风寒束缚，内有痰涎堵塞，从而形成哮证（以呼吸急促、喉间有哮鸣音为特征的病证）；有的因为火热邪气郁结在肺，痰液无法排出，从而引发干咳；有的因为外邪未解，肺气不能肃降，从而形成肺胀（以胸部膨满、憋闷如塞为主要表现的病证），出现胸部高耸、喘息咳嗽的症状；有的因为感受风寒，未能及时发散，停留在肺中，蕴积化热，或者湿热痰涎垢腻，充塞肺窍，从而形成肺痈（以发热、咳嗽、胸痛、咳吐脓血为特征的病证），出现咳吐脓血的症状。大致不出这几类。然而，内外因相杂的咳嗽，虽然病情严重程度不如虚损咳嗽那样严重，但因为原因复杂，究其治疗难度比单纯属于外感引起的更难。所以哮证一旦形成，往往终身难以根除，一遇到风寒就会发作；而肺胀和肺痈，即使经过治愈，也往往留有后遗症。因此，它们都号称是多变的病证，是医生应当深切注意的。
乙、治法
小儿因为哺乳误呛气管而导致咳嗽的，必定是因为乳汁过多，来不及吞咽所致。哺乳时应该用手按住乳房，不要让乳汁直接注入口中，不需要服药，咳嗽自然可以逐渐停止。如果为了慎重起见，可以稍微服用甘桔汤，或者射干消毒饮之类的方剂。饮食不慎，误呛气管，导致气管受伤，咳嗽不止的，宜用清润的方法治疗，使用射干消毒饮去掉玄参、荆芥，加入蜜炙款冬花、蜜炙冬桑叶、蜜炙枇杷叶等药物。重症者喉间发出像水鸡一样的声音，气道不畅，呼吸困难，这就是哮证，治疗宜降下痰液并整理气道，不可用药过凉，恐怕风邪难以解除；不可用药过热，恐怕痰火容易上升。遇到浓味食物而发作的，使用清金丹；遇到风寒而发作的，使用苏子饮；哮证伴有上气喘急，夜间不能平卧的，用阿胶、马兜铃、甘草、半夏、杏仁、人参、桑白皮煎汤服用；寒热夹杂的哮证，先用麻黄、杏仁、苏子、前胡来豁出痰液，再用降气的药物，或者用越婢加半夏汤治疗；胸中有停水而引发哮证的，酌情使用十枣汤来行水；风痰突然上升而引发哮证的，酌情使用千缗导痰汤来疏理痰液。凡是哮证的通用方剂，使用千金汤最为妥当。如果汗出如油，气息上奔，呼多吸少，这叫做喘，这种证候与哮证截然不同。干咳者，是火邪郁结在肺，痰液无法排出，宜先用桔梗、柴胡来开提肺气，再用生地、玉竹、甜杏仁、白蜜等药物来滋润，或者用逍遥散加苦桔梗来开宣肺气。肺胀者，外邪未解，喘咳胀闷，病人气息上逆，眼睛好像要脱出一样，宜用越婢加半夏汤；心下有停水，用小青龙加石膏汤主治。痰夹瘀血，阻碍气机的，酌情加入当归、赤芍、丹皮、桃仁等药物来活血。肺痈初起时，口中干燥，咳嗽声脆，胸部隐隐作痛，宜服用犀黄丸，或者用薏苡仁、淡黄芩、丝瓜、甘草、川贝、赤芍、栝蒌仁、桔梗、陈皮、升麻、丹皮等药物来消散，或者用金匮皂荚丸来泻下。喘息不能平卧，面目浮肿的，宜用葶苈大枣泻肺汤。肺痈已成之后，咳吐脓血的，宜用葶苈薏苡泻肺汤或排脓散。肺痈咳吐脓血不止，病情危急的，用陈芥菜卤汁冲水饮用，或者用蕺菜煎汤，打入鸡蛋食用，都有疗效。肺痈初起，尚未能断定时，让患者试吃生大豆，如果不觉得腥味的就是肺痈；服用甘草、桔梗各三钱煎成的汤药后，症状稍见缓解的就是肺痈。宜趁其尚未造成严重损伤时进行泻下治疗，自然容易挽回。如果畏惧药性峻猛而只守王道平和之方，日久会导致肺叶朽烂，脓血倾囊吐出，那就难治了。另外，杂证咳嗽，虽然表现出有余（实证）的迹象，实际上是不足（虚证）的表现，所以不管是内伤还是外感，是热证还是寒证，只要用人参来安定肺气，就可以没有忧虑。以前的贤医曾制定有人参清肺汤、人参泻肺汤、人参定喘汤三个方子，利用人参的力量把握枢纽并运转气机，虚实的治疗之法都蕴含在其中，事实情况虽然不完全如此，但其道理颇有可取之处，仍记录在后面，以备参考。
附方
（一）甘桔汤 见第四章第一节。
（二）射干消毒饮 治疗麻疹引起的咳嗽声音嘶哑，咽喉肿痛。
射干 玄参 连翘 荆芥 鼠粘子（牛蒡子） 甘草
（三）清金丹 治疗食积痰壅，哮喘咳嗽，遇到浓味食物即发作的情况。
莱菔子（蒸熟晒干，一两） 猪牙皂角（烧至存性，三钱）
共研成细末，用生姜汁浸泡蒸饼做成丸药，大小如绿豆。
（四）苏子饮（自制） 治疗素有哮证，遇到风寒就发作的情况。
苏子（三钱） 姜汁制竹沥（一两） 法半夏 沉香 川朴（厚朴，各一钱）
喘逆无汗的加麻黄五分。
（五）越婢加半夏汤 治疗肺胀，咳嗽且气息上逆，病人喘息，眼睛好像要脱出，脉象浮大。
麻黄 石膏 半夏 甘草 生姜 大枣
（六）十枣汤 见本章第三节。
（七）千缗导痰汤 治疗风痰引起的哮证。
半夏（七枚） 天南星 陈皮 赤茯苓 枳壳（各一钱） 皂荚（蜜炙） 甘草（蜜炙，各一寸）
加生姜五片，清水煎服。
（八）千金汤 治疗哮证。
麻黄 桑白皮 苏子 杏仁 白果 黄芩 半夏 甘草 款冬花
清水煎服。
（九）逍遥散 治疗肝气抑郁，血虚火旺，寒热交替咳嗽，两胁疼痛。
柴胡（七分） 白术（蜜水拌蒸） 茯苓 当归 白芍（各钱半） 甘草 陈皮（各八分） 薄荷叶（五分） 煨姜（三片）
清水煎服。
（十）小青龙加石膏汤 治疗肺胀咳嗽且气息上逆，烦躁而喘，心下有停水气，脉象浮的。
麻黄 白芍 细辛 干姜 甘草 桂枝 半夏 五味子 石膏
（十一）犀黄丸 治疗痈疽、石疽、乳岩、瘰疬、痰核、恶核、横痃、流注、肺痈、小肠痈，一切腐烂阴疽。
犀黄（三分） 麝香（钱半） 乳香 没药（各一两）
研为细末，用煮烂的黄米饭和丸，大小如粟米。
（十二）皂荚丸 治疗肺痈初起，咳嗽气逆，吐浊痰。
皂荚（刮去皮，酥炙，八两）
研为末，炼蜜和丸，大小如梧桐子，或者用枣肉和丸，大小如绿豆，每次服用几丸，用枣膏调汤送下。
（十三）葶苈大枣泻肺汤 治疗肺痈喘息不能平卧，胸部胀满，全身面目浮肿，鼻塞流清涕，闻不到香臭酸辛，咳嗽气逆，喘息有声迫塞，以及支饮导致的呼吸不畅。
葶苈 大枣
先服用小青龙汤一剂，接着服用此方，服用后即吐出脓血。忌食食盐、酱等物。
（十四）葶苈薏苡泻肺汤 治疗肺痈初溃，唾吐脓血。
葶苈（酒炒研，八分） 薏苡仁（五钱） 贝母（去心，一钱六分） 甘草节（一钱五分） 陈皮（一钱二分） 黄芪（酒拌勿炒） 桔梗 忍冬 白芨（各一钱） 生姜（一片）
清水煎，饭后缓缓服用。初起去掉黄芪、白芨，加防风；溃后脓尽加人参；久不愈合，去掉葶苈加合欢皮。
（十五）排脓散 治疗内痈脓液从大便排出。
枳实（十六枚） 芍药（六分） 桔梗（二分）
捣碎成散剂，用一个生鸡蛋黄，将药散与鸡黄相等，揉和令其均匀，调和后服用。
（十六）排脓汤 治疗内痈脓液从呕吐排出。
甘草 桔梗 生姜 大枣
（十七）人参清肺汤 治疗肺胃虚寒，咳嗽喘急，坐卧不安，以及多年劳嗽，吐出的痰血腥臭。
人参 阿胶 地骨皮 知母 乌梅 罂粟壳 甘草 杏仁 桑白皮（各等分）
清水煎服。
（十八）人参泻肺汤 治疗肺经积热上逆致喘，胸膈胀满，痰多，大便涩滞。
人参 黄芩 栀子 枳壳 薄荷 甘草 连翘 杏仁 桑白皮 大黄 桔梗
清水煎服。
（十九）人参定喘汤 治疗肺气上逆，喉中有声响，坐卧不安，胸膈紧痛。
人参 麻黄 阿胶（蛤粉炒） 半夏曲 五味子 罂粟壳（蜜炙） 甘草（炙，各一钱） 桑白皮（蜜炙，二钱）
加生姜三片，清水煎服。
（二十）姜汁背心 治疗寒痰壅塞经络，不时发作哮证。
生姜捣取自然汁，用来浸湿浆洗过的布背心，贴身穿着，多次更换即可痊愈。
（二十一）甘草猪胆丸 治疗被醋呛到的咳嗽。
甘草（去赤皮，二两）
用五个猪胆汁，浸泡三天，取出，在火上烤干研为细末，炼蜜为丸。
A. Overview
Miscellaneous syndrome cough refers to coughs caused by a combination of internal and external factors. Some cases arise from improper breastfeeding or diet, where milk or food is accidentally aspirated into the trachea, injuring it and thereby inducing cough; some result from excessive consumption of sweet, sour, salty, or acidic foods, combined with external constraint by wind-cold and internal obstruction by phlegm-fluid, leading to asthma (a syndrome characterized by rapid breathing and wheezing sounds in the throat); some occur due to heat-fire pathogens stagnating in the lungs, preventing the expulsion of phlegm, resulting in dry cough; some develop into lung distension (a syndrome characterized by chest fullness, tightness, and distension) with high chest and wheezing cough because external pathogens remain unresolved and lung qi fails to descend; some manifest as lung abscess (a syndrome characterized by fever, cough, chest pain, and expectoration of pus and blood) due to retained wind-cold transforming into heat within the lungs, or due to damp-heat phlegm obstructing the lung orifices. Generally, these cover the main categories. However, although mixed internal-external cause coughs are not as severe as deficiency-coughs, their complex etiology makes them more difficult to treat than simple exterior-constraint coughs. Once asthma forms, it often persists for life, recurring upon exposure to wind-cold; lung distension and lung abscess, even after cure, frequently leave residual symptoms. Therefore, they are known as variable syndromes requiring close attention by physicians.
B. Treatment Methods
For infants coughing due to milk aspiration during breastfeeding, the cause is usually excessive milk flow that cannot be swallowed promptly. During feeding, the breast should be held to prevent direct injection of milk; medication is unnecessary, and the cough will gradually cease. For precaution, Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) or Shegan Xiaodu Yin (Belamcanda Detoxification Decoction) may be administered. If cough persists due to dietary indiscretion and tracheal injury, clear and moisten using Shegan Xiaodu Yin, removing Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) and Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba), and adding Mi Zhi Kuan Dong Hua (Honey-fried Farfarae Flos), Mi Zhi Dong Sang Ye (Honey-fried Mori Folium), and Mi Zhi Pi Pa Ye (Honey-fried Eriobotryae Folium). In severe cases presenting with wheezing sounds like a water fowl, airway obstruction, and dyspnea, this is asthma. Treatment should resolve phlegm and regulate the airway; avoid overly cold herbs to prevent trapping wind pathogens, and avoid overly hot herbs to prevent aggravating phlegm-fire. For attacks triggered by rich flavors, use Qingjin Dan (Clear Metal Pill); for wind-cold triggers, use Suzi Yin (Perilla Seed Decoction); for asthma with upper body wheezing and inability to lie flat at night, decoct E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Ma Dou Ling (Aristolochiae Fructus), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), and Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex). For mixed cold-heat asthma, first use Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), Xing Ren, Su Zi (Perillae Fructus), and Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix) to expel phlegm, then use qi-descending agents, or Yingspi Jia Banxia Tang (Yingspi Decoction plus Pinellia). For asthma with fluid retention in the chest, use Shizao Tang (Ten Dates Decoction) to promote diuresis; for sudden rise of wind-phlegm causing asthma, use Qianmin Daotan Tang (Qianmin Phlegm-Resolving Decoction) to disperse phlegm. The general formula for asthma is Qianjin Tang (Thousand Gold Decoction). If sweating is profuse like oil, breath rushes upward, and exhalation exceeds inhalation, this is panting (asthma differs significantly from this). For dry cough due to heat stagnation in lungs, first use Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) and Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) to raise lung qi, then use Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Yu Zhu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Tian Xing Ren (Sweet Apricot Kernel), and white honey to moisten, or Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) plus Ku Jie Geng to open the lungs. For lung distension with unresolved exterior pathogens, wheezing, cough, and chest fullness, where the patient appears to have eyes protruding due to qi rebellion, use Yingspi Jia Banxia Tang; if there is fluid below the heart, use Xiao Qinglong Jia Shigao Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction plus Gypsum). If phlegm is accompanied by blood stasis obstructing qi mechanism, add Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), and Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) to invigorate blood. For early-stage lung abscess with dry mouth, crisp cough, and dull chest pain, take Xi Huang Wan (Rhino Horn Pill), or use Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen), Dan Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Si Gua (Luffae Fructus), Gan Cao, Chuan Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Chi Shao, Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen), Jie Geng, Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), and Mu Dan Pi to dissipate, or Jin Gui Zao Ying Wan (Golden Cabinet Soap Pod Pill) to purge. For panting with inability to lie flat and facial edema, use Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Decoction to Drain the Lungs). After formation, when expectorating pus and blood, use Ting Li Yi Yi Xie Fei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Coix Seed Decoction to Drain the Lungs) or Pai Nong San (Pus-Expelling Powder). For critical lung abscess with continuous expectoration of pus and blood, drink diluted Chen Jie Cai Lu Zhi (Aged Mustard Greens Brine) or Ji Cai Jian Tang (Houttuynia Decoction) with beaten eggs. To diagnose early lung abscess, have the patient taste raw soybeans; if no fishy smell is detected, it is likely lung abscess. If symptoms alleviate slightly after taking Gan Cao and Jie Geng (each 3 qian), proceed with purging while the damage is minimal for easier recovery. Adhering only to mild formulas due to fear of harsh ones may lead to lung tissue necrosis and massive expectoration of pus and blood, making treatment difficult. Generally, miscellaneous coughs showing excess signs actually indicate deficiency; regardless of internal/external origin or cold/heat nature, using Ren Shen to stabilize lung qi ensures safety. Former sages formulated Ren Shen Qing Fei Tang (Ren Shen Lung-Clearing Decoction), Ren Shen Xie Fei Tang (Ren Shen Lung-Purging Decoction), and Ren Shen Ding Chuan Tang (Ren Shen Panting-Calming Decoction), utilizing Ren Shen to control the pivot and manage both excess and deficiency. Although practical application varies, the theory is valuable and recorded here for reference.
Attached Formulas
(1) Ganjie Tang: See Chapter 4, Section 1.
(2) Shegan Xiaodu Yin: Treats measles-induced hoarse cough and sore throat. Ingredients: Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix).
(3) Qingjin Dan: Treats food stagnation with phlegm obstruction, asthma/cough triggered by rich foods. Ingredients: Lai Fu Zi (Radish Seed, steamed and dried, 1 liang), Zhu Ya Zao Jiao (Soap Pod, burnt to retain character, 3 qian). Grind to powder, mix with ginger juice and steamed dough, form pills size of mung beans.
(4) Suzi Yin (Self-made): Treats chronic asthma triggered by wind-cold. Ingredients: Su Zi (Perillae Fructus, 3 qian), Jiang Zhi Zhu Li (Ginger-processed Bamboo Sap, 1 liang), Fa Ban Xia (Prepared Pinellia), Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, each 1 qian). Add Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 5 fen) if panting without sweat.
(5) Yingspi Jia Banxia Tang: Treats lung distension with cough, qi rebellion, wheezing, protruding eyes, and floating-large pulse. Ingredients: Ma Huang, Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Ban Xia, Gan Cao, Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus).
(6) Shizao Tang: See Chapter 3, Section 3.
(7) Qianmin Daotan Tang: Treats wind-phlegm asthma. Ingredients: Ban Xia (7 pieces), Tian Nan Xing (Arisaematis Rhizoma), Chen Pi, Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Wood), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, each 1 qian), Zao Ying (Soap Pod, honey-fried), Gan Cao (honey-fried, each 1 cun). Add 5 slices of Sheng Jiang, decoct in water.
(8) Qianjin Tang: Treats asthma. Ingredients: Ma Huang, Sang Bai Pi, Su Zi, Xing Ren, Bai Guo (Ginkgonis Semen), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Ban Xia, Gan Cao, Kuan Dong Hua (Farfarae Flos). Decoct in water.
(9) Xiaoyao San: Treats liver qi stagnation, blood deficiency with fire hyperactivity, alternating chills/fever cough, hypochondriac pain. Ingredients: Chai Hu (7 fen), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, honey-steamed), Fu Ling (Poria), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, each 1.5 qian), Gan Cao, Chen Pi (each 0.8 qian), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 5 fen), Wei Jiang (Roasted Ginger, 3 slices). Decoct in water.
(10) Xiao Qinglong Jia Shigao Tang: Treats lung distension with cough, qi rebellion, irritability, panting, subcardiac fluid retention, and floating pulse. Ingredients: Ma Huang, Bai Shao, Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Gan Cao, Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Ban Xia, Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus), Shi Gao.
(11) Xi Huang Wan: Treats carbuncles, scrofula, breast cancer, lymphadenopathy, phlegm nodules, malignant tumors, buboes, flowing abscesses, lung abscess, intestinal abscess, and all yin abscesses with rotting. Ingredients: Xi Huang (Calculus Bovis, 3 fen), She Xiang (Moschus, 1.5 qian), Ru Xiang (Olibanum), Mo Yao (Myrrha, each 1 liang). Grind to powder, mix with cooked yellow rice, form pills size of millet seeds.
(12) Zao Ying Wan: Treats early lung abscess with cough, qi rebellion, and turbid sputum. Ingredients: Zao Ying (Soap Pod, peeled,酥-baked, 8 liang). Grind to powder, mix with refined honey, form pills size of wu-tong seeds or red dates. Take several pills with date paste soup.
(13) Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang: Treats lung abscess with panting, inability to lie flat, chest fullness, generalized edema, nasal congestion, loss of smell/taste, cough, wheezing, and fluid retention causing dyspnea. Ingredients: Ting Li (Descurainiae Semen seu Fructus), Da Zao. Take one dose of Xiao Qinglong Tang first, then this formula; expectoration of pus/blood follows. Avoid salt and soy sauce.
(14) Ting Li Yi Yi Xie Fei Tang: Treats early ruptured lung abscess with expectoration of pus/blood. Ingredients: Ting Li (wine-fried, 0.8 fen), Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen, 5 qian), Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, dehearted, 1.6 qian), Gan Cao Jie (Licorice Joint, 1.5 qian), Chen Pi (1.2 qian), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, wine-mixed, uncooked), Jie Geng, Ren Dong Jin (Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis), Bai Ji (Bletillae Rhizoma, each 1 qian), Sheng Jiang (1 slice). Decoct in water, take slowly after meals. Early stage: remove Huang Qi, Bai Ji, add Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). After rupture when pus is gone: add Ren Shen. If non-healing long-term: remove Ting Li, add He Huan Pi (Albiziae Cortex).
(15) Pai Nong San: Treats internal abscess with pus discharging via stool. Ingredients: Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange, 16 pieces), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix, 0.6 fen), Jie Geng (0.2 fen). Pound to powder, mix with one raw egg yolk equally, knead well, take with water.
(16) Pai Nong Tang: Treats internal abscess with pus discharging via vomiting. Ingredients: Gan Cao, Jie Geng, Sheng Jiang, Da Zao.
(17) Ren Shen Qing Fei Tang: Treats lung/stomach deficiency-cold, cough/panting, restlessness, chronic劳嗽 (labor cough) with bloody/foul sputum. Ingredients: Ren Shen, E Jiao, Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Wu Mei (Mume Fructus), Ying Su Qiao (Papaveris Capsicum), Gan Cao, Xing Ren, Sang Bai Pi (equal parts). Decoct in water.
(18) Ren Shen Xie Fei Tang: Treats lung meridian accumulated heat causing panting, chest/diaphragm fullness, profuse phlegm, constipation. Ingredients: Ren Shen, Huang Qin, Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), Zhi Ke, Bo He, Gan Cao, Lian Qiao, Xing Ren, Sang Bai Pi, Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Jie Geng. Decoct in water.
(19) Ren Shen Ding Chuan Tang: Treats rebellious lung qi, stridor, restlessness, chest tightness/pain. Ingredients: Ren Shen, Ma Huang, E Jiao (fried with clam powder), Ban Xia Qu (Pinellia Fermented Curd), Wu Wei Zi, Ying Su Qiao (honey-fried), Gan Cao (roasted, each 1 qian), Sang Bai Pi (honey-fried, 2 qian). Add 3 slices of Sheng Jiang, decoct in water.
(20) Jiang Zhi Bei Xin: Treats cold-phlegm blocking meridians causing intermittent asthma. Crush fresh ginger to extract juice, soak cotton vest in it, wear against skin, change frequently until cured.
(21) Gan Cao Zhu Dan Wan: Treats cough from vinegar aspiration. Ingredients: Gan Cao (deprived of red skin, 2 liang). Soak in 5 pig gallbladders for 3 days, remove, roast dry on fire, grind to powder, mix with refined honey to form pills.