还，还则下焦胀，故气不行矣（恐伤肾则精却，却者，退而不能上输也。上焦闭则失上升之路，还而下陷，夫
气以上升为行，下陷则不行矣）。寒则腠理闭，气不行，故气收矣（寒束其外，则腠理闭密，阳气不舒，冻而
收敛矣）。炅则腠理开，营卫通，汗大泄，故气泄矣（炅者，热也，如天行夏令，腠理开通，气从汗散，故曰
气泄）。惊则心无所倚，神无所归，虑无所定，故气乱矣（卒然惊骇则神志飘荡，动而不宁，主不明则天下乱，
即气乱之旨也）。劳则喘息汗出，外内皆越，故气耗矣（用力太过，则疲劳而气动，内则奔于肺而为喘，外则达于表而为
汗，故曰外内皆越，而气自耗
矣）。思则心有所存，神有所归，正气留而不行，故气结矣（思则志凝神聚，气乃留而不散，故名为结）。
《风论》曰∶风者，善行而数变，腠理开则洒然寒，闭则热而闷（风属阳而性动，故善行数变），其寒也
则衰食饮，其热也则消肌肉，故使人 栗而不能食（寒则胃气不能健运，故食衰。热则津液润泽，故消瘦。
栗，即战栗也）。
风气与阳明入胃，循脉而上至目内 ，其人肥则风气不得外泄，则为热中而目黄；人瘦则外泄而寒，则为
寒中而泣出（风气入胃，胃脉上行目系，人肥则腠密而邪不得泄。故热中而目黄。人瘦则腠疏而邪气易泄，故
寒中而泣出）。风气与太阳俱入，行诸脉俞，散于分肉之间，与卫气相干，其道不利，故使肌肉愤 而有疡；卫
气有所凝而不行，故其肉有不仁也（五脏六腑之俞，皆附于背，故风由太阳经入者，邪必行诸脉俞而散于分肉。
分肉者，卫气之所行也，卫气昼行于阳，自太阳始，风与卫相薄，故气道涩而不利。风气凝结，故愤 肿胀而
为疮疡。卫气因风时或不行，则痹而不仁也）。疠者，有营气热 ，其气不清，故使鼻柱坏而色败，皮肤疡溃。
风寒客于脉而不去，名曰疠风（风寒客于血脉，则营气热而 溃。气者，肺所治也，不清则金化不行，鼻与皮
毛皆肺主之，故鼻柱坏，色败者，皮毛槁也。《脉要精微论》曰脉风或为疠也。疠者，恶也）。
风中五脏六腑之俞，亦为脏腑之风，各入其门户所中，则为偏风（风入于脏腑之俞，随俞左右而偏中之，则为
偏风，即偏枯也）。风气循风府而上，则为脑风（风府，
督脉穴名）。风入系头，则为目风，眼寒（太阳之脉起于目内 ，故目风眼寒）。饮酒中风，则为漏风。（酒性
温散，善开玄府，故醉后易于中风。漏者，言汗漏而风客也）。入房汗出中风，则为内风（内耗其精，外开腠
理，风乘虚犯，名为内风）。新沐中风，则为首风。久风入中，则为肠风、飧泄（风久而传入肠胃。热则肠风
下血，寒则飧泄泻利）。外在腠理，则为泄风（偶当汗泄，而风客于腠，名为泄风）。故风者风病之长也，至
其变化，乃为他病也，无常方，然致有风气也（长者，始也。《骨空论》曰风为百病之始，风之始入，自浅而
深，至于变化，乃为他病，故为百病之长。无常方者，言风病变化，无常方体，而其致之者，则皆因于风耳）。
《评热病论》曰∶邪之所凑，其气必虚（元气充周，病无从入。气虚则不能卫外而为固，玄府不闭，风邪
因而客焉）。
《厥论》曰∶阳气衰于下，则为寒厥；阴气衰于下，则为热厥（厥音，逆也。下气逆上，忽眩仆不知人事，
轻者渐苏，重则即死。阴阳之气衰于下，则寒热二厥由之而生也）。前阴者，宗筋之所聚，太阴、阳明之所合
也（宗筋者，众筋之所聚也，足之三阴、阳明、少阳及冲，任、督、跷筋脉皆聚于此，独言太阴、阳明之合，
重水谷之脏也。胃为水谷之海，主润宗筋，又阴阳总宗筋之会，会于气街，而阳明为之长也）。春夏则阳气
多而阴气少，秋冬则阴气盛而阳气衰。此人者质壮，以秋冬夺于所用，下气上争不能复，精气溢下，邪气因从
之而上也（秋冬之令，天气收藏，恃壮而喜内，则与令违，此夺于所用也。精竭于下，必上争而求救于母气，
肾所去者太过，肺所生者不及，故不能复也。既已不足，精气复下，则阳虚而阴邪胜之，故寒气逆上也）；气
因于中（上则肺主气，下则肾纳气，上下之气皆因谷气所化，水谷在胃，土居中州，故曰气因于中）。阳气衰，
不能渗营其经络，阳气日损，阴气独在，故手足为之寒也（四肢皆禀气于胃，胃中之阳气衰，不能充满其经络，
阳败则阴胜，故手足寒也）。
酒入于胃，则络脉满而经脉虚（经脉在内深而不见，属阴者也。络脉在外浮而可见，属阳者也。酒者，熟
谷之液，其气悍疾，为阳，故先充络脉。酒热伤阴，故阳脉满而经脉虚也），脾主为胃行其津液者也，阴气虚
则阳气入，阳气入则胃不和，胃不和则精气竭，精气竭则不营其四肢也（胃受水谷，脾则行其津液，湿热伤脾，
则阴虚阳亢，胃乃不和，水谷之精气竭矣，岂能营四肢乎）。此人必数醉若饱以入房，气聚于脾中不得散，酒气
与谷气相薄，热盛于中，故热遍于身，内热而溺赤也。夫酒气盛而 悍，肾气日衰，阳气独胜，故手足为之热
也（醉饱入房，脾肾交伤，阴日竭而阳日亢，故手足热也。按∶厥有寒热，未有不本于酒色，故知慎饮食、远
房帏者，厥其免夫）。
《刺热篇》曰∶肝热病者，左颊先赤；心热病者。额先赤；脾热病者，鼻先赤；肺热病者，右颊先赤；肾
热病者，颐先赤（肝应东方；故左颊先赤；心应南方，故额庭先赤；脾应中央，故鼻先赤；肺应西方，故右颊先
赤；肾应北方，故两颐先赤）。
《热论篇》帝曰∶今夫热病者，皆伤寒之类也。或愈或死，其死皆以六七日间，其愈皆以十日以上者何也（
伤寒者，受冬月寒邪也。冬三月者为正伤寒，至春变为温病，至夏变为热病，不曰至秋变为凉病者，太阳寒水
之邪，遇长夏之土而胜也）？岐伯对曰∶巨阳者，诸阳之属也（巨阳者，太阳也，太阳为六经之长，总摄诸阳），
其脉连于风府，故为诸阳主气也。人之伤于寒也，则为病热，热虽盛不死（寒郁于内，皮肤闭而为热，寒散即愈，故曰
不死），其两感于寒而病者，必不免于死（两感者，一日太
阳与少阴同病，在膀胱则头痛，在肾则口干烦满；二日阳明与太阴同病，在胃则身热 语，在脾则肢满不欲食，
三日少阳与厥阴同病，在少阳则耳聋，在厥阴则囊满。三日传遍，再三日则死不待言矣）。
伤寒一日，巨阳受之，故头项痛，腰脊强（太阳为三阳之表，而脉连风府，故伤寒多从太阳始。太阳经
脉从头项下肩，挟脊抵腰，故其病如此）；二日阳明受之，阳明主肉，其脉挟鼻络于目，故身热目疼而鼻干，
不得卧也（胃不和则卧不安是也）；三日少阳受之，少阳主胆，其脉循胁络于耳，故胸胁痛而耳聋（邪传少阳
者，三阳已尽，将传太阴，故为半表半里，邪在阴则寒，在阳则热，在半表半里，故寒热往来也）。三阳经络
皆受其病，而未入于脏者，故可汗而已（三阳为表，属腑，故可汗而愈也。未入于脏者，深明入脏则不可轻汗
也）。四日太阴受之，太阴脉布胃中络于嗌，故腹满而嗌干（邪在三阳，失于汗解，则传三阴，自太阴始也），
五日少阴受之，少阴脉贯肾络于肺，系舌本，故口燥舌干而渴（肾本属水，而热邪耗之，故燥渴也）；六日厥
阴受之，厥阴脉循阴器而络于肝，故烦满而囊缩（传至厥阴而六经遍矣，邪热已极，故为烦满）。三阴三阳，
五脏六腑皆受病，荣卫不行，五脏不通，则死矣（六经传遍而邪不解，脏腑皆受病矣。气血乏竭，营卫不行，
则五脏之经脉不通，不死安待）。
其未满三日者，可汗而已；其满三日者，可泄而已（已者，愈也。未满三日，其邪在表，发汗则病已。
满三日者，邪已传里，攻下则病已。此言大概也。日数虽多，脉浮而有三阳证者，当汗之。日数虽少，脉沉而有三阴证
者，当下之，此至要
之法也）。
《疟论》∶帝曰∶夫 疟皆生于风，其蓄作有时者何也（凡秋疟皆名 ，即其皆生于风，皆字知诸疟之通
称也）？岐伯对曰∶疟之始发也，先起于毫毛，伸欠乃作，寒栗鼓颔，腰脊俱痛；寒去则内外皆热，头痛如破，
渴欲冷冻饮料。……阴阳上下交争，虚实更作，阴阳相移也（阳主上行，阴主下行，邪乘之则争矣。阳虚则外寒，
阴虚则内热，阳盛则外热，阴盛则内寒。邪入于阴，则阴实阳虚，邪入于阳，则阳实阳虚，故曰更作，曰相移
也）。阳并于阴，则阴实而阳虚，阳明虚则寒栗鼓颔也（阳明虚则阴虚而阴实，故寒栗也。脉循颐颊，故鼓颔
也）；巨阳虚则腰背头项痛；三阳俱虚则阴气胜，阴气胜则骨寒而痛（《终始》篇曰，病痛者，阴也，阴盛故头
痛，骨亦痛也），寒生于内，故中外皆寒；阳盛则外热，阴虚则内热，外内皆热，则喘而渴，故欲冷冻饮料也（邪
在阳分，则内外皆热。故喘渴而冷冻饮料）。此皆得之夏伤于暑，热气盛，藏于皮肤之内，肠胃之外，此营气之所舍
也（夏暑汗泄，何病之有？或凄怆水寒，或乘风纳凉，是热大盛，不能发越，邪气以营为舍矣）。此令人汗空
疏，腠理开（此明风邪易客也），因得秋气，汗出遇风，及得之以浴，水气舍于皮肤之内，与卫气并居（暑邪
既伏，秋风收之，又因浴水而疟作矣）。卫气者，昼日行于阳，夜行于阴，此气得阳而外出，得阴而内薄，内
外相薄，是以日作（卫气之行于身也，一日一周。邪气与卫气并居，与卫气同行，故疟亦一日一作，此卫受邪浅
而易治也）。
其气之舍深，内薄于阴，阳气独发，阴邪内着，阴与阳争不得出，是以间日而作也（邪之所居者，深入
于脏，是内薄于阴分矣。阳气独发者，卫阳之行犹故也，而邪之薄于阴者，迟而难出，故间日而作）。
邪气客于风府，循膂而下（风府，督脉穴也。膂者，脊两旁也。下者，下行至尾 也），卫气一日一夜
大会于风府，其明日下一节，故其作也晏（卫气之行也。每日一会于风府。若邪客风府必循膂而下，其气渐深，则日下
一节，自阳就阴，其会渐迟，故其作渐晏也）。
其出于风府，日下一节，二十五日下至 骨，二十六日入于脊内，注于伏膂之脉（项骨三节，脊骨二十一
节，共二十四节。邪自风府日下一节，故二十五日下至尾 ，复自后而前，二十六日入于脊内，注伏膂之脉），
其气上行，九日出于缺盆之中，其气日高，故作日益早也（邪在伏膂，循脊而上，无关节之阻，故九日而出缺
盆。其气日高，则自阴就阳，其邪日退，故作渐早也）。
夫寒者阴气也，风者阳气也，先伤于寒而后伤于风，故先寒而后热也，病以时作，名曰寒疟。
先伤于风而后伤于寒，故先热而后寒也，亦以时作，名曰温疟（时作者，或一日，或间日。不愆其期也）。
其但热而不寒者，阴气先绝，阳气独发，则少气烦冤，手足热而欲呕，名曰瘅疟。
邪气与卫气客于六腑，有时相失，不能相得，故休数日乃作也（此即三日疟也，邪气深重，病在三阴，邪
气不能与卫并出，故休数日乃发。数字当作三字）。
温疟者，得之冬中于风寒，气藏于骨髓之中，至春则阳气大发，邪气不能自出，因遇大暑，脑髓烁，肌肉
消，腠理发泄，或有所用力，邪气与汗皆出，此病藏于肾，其气先从内出之于外也（肾主冬令，其应在骨，故
冬受风寒，邪伏骨髓，至春夏有触而发，自内而达于外者也）。如是者，阴虚而阳盛，阳盛则热矣，衰则气复反
入，入则阳虚，阳虚则寒矣，故先热而后寒，名曰温疟（此冬受寒邪，至春发为温疟，即伤寒也。故《伤寒论》有温疟
一症，盖本诸此）。
瘅疟者，肺素有热气盛于身，厥逆上冲，中气实而不外泄，因有所用力，腠理开，风寒舍于皮肤之内、分
肉之间而发，发则阳气盛，阳气盛而不衰则病矣。其气不及于阴，故但热而不寒，气内藏于心，而外舍于分肉
之间，令人消烁脱肉，故命曰瘅疟（肺素有热，气藏于心，即此二语，火来乘金，阴虚阳亢，明是不足之症挟
外邪而然，故温疟、瘅疟皆非真疟也）。
《咳论》曰∶皮毛者，肺之合也，皮毛先受邪气，邪气以从其合也。其寒饮食入胃，从肺脉上至于肺则肺
寒，肺寒则内外合邪，因而客之，则为肺咳。五脏各以其时受病，非其时，各传以与之。
人与天地相参，故五脏各以治时。感于寒则受病，微则为咳，甚则为泄为痛。乘秋则肺先受邪，乘春则肝
先受之，乘夏则心先受之，乘至阴则脾先受之，乘冬则肾先受之（五脏六腑皆能成咳，然必肺先受邪而传之于
各经也。邪，寒邪也。所谓形寒饮冷则伤肺是也。五脏各以其时受病，轻者浅而在皮毛，重者深而在肠胃。
故咳，外症也，泄，里症也。寒在表则身痛，寒在里则腹痛，曰先受之者，次必及乎肺而为咳也）。
肺咳之状，咳而喘息有音，甚则唾血（肺主气而司呼吸，故喘息有音）。心咳之状，咳则心痛，喉仲介介
（接上文）还，气机下陷则下焦胀满，所以气机运行受阻了。（这是因为恐惧损伤肾脏导致精气退缩，退缩就是退而不能向上输布。上焦闭塞就失去了上升的途径，气机回还而下陷，气以升发为正常运动，下陷就不能正常运行了）。寒冷则腠理闭合，气机运行不畅，所以气机收敛了。（寒邪束缚体表，使腠理闭密，阳气不能舒展，冻而收敛）。热则腠理开泄，营卫之气通畅，汗液大量外泄，所以气机随汗外泄了。（“炅”就是热，就像夏天行夏令，腠理开通，气随汗散失，所以说气泄）。惊恐则心神无所依托，神志无所归依，思虑无所定夺，所以气机紊乱了。（突然受到惊吓则神志飘荡，动荡不宁，主宰不明则天下大乱，这就是气乱的宗旨）。过度劳累则喘息出汗，内外之气都耗散，所以气机耗损了。（用力过度，导致疲劳而气动，在内则奔涌于肺而表现为喘，在外则达于体表而表现为汗，所以说内外之气都耗散，气自然耗损）。思虑过度则心有所存留，神有所归聚，正气停留而不运行，所以气机郁结了。（思虑则意志凝聚，神志专注，气乃停留而不散，所以称为结）。
《风论》说：风邪，善于行走且变化多端，腠理开泄时使人感到洒淅恶寒，腠理闭塞时则发热且胸闷。（风属阳而性质主动，所以善于行数变），其表现为寒则食欲减退，其表现为热则肌肉消瘦，所以使人战栗而不能进食（寒邪使胃气不能健运，所以饮食减少。热邪消耗津液润泽，所以身体消瘦。栗，就是战栗）。
风邪与阳明经之气一起入胃，顺着经脉上行至目内眦，如果这个人形体肥胖，则风邪不能向外宣泄，就会形成热中病而眼睛发黄；如果这个人形体瘦弱，则风邪容易向外宣泄而兼有寒象，就会形成寒中病而流泪（风邪入胃，胃脉上行连接目系，人肥胖则腠理致密而邪气不得宣泄。所以形成热中而目黄。人瘦弱则腠理疏松而邪气易泄，所以形成寒中而泣出）。风邪与太阳经一起入体，运行于各经脉的俞穴，散布在分肉之间，与卫气相搏结，其道不利，所以使肌肉肿胀并生疮疡；卫气有所凝滞而不能运行，所以肌肉出现麻木不仁（五脏六腑的俞穴，都附着于背部，所以风从太阳经入体者，邪气必行于各经脉俞穴而散布于分肉。分肉，是卫气运行的地方，卫气白天行于阳经，从太阳经开始，风邪与卫气相搏，所以气道涩滞而不通利。风气凝结，所以肌肉肿胀而为疮疡。卫气因风邪时而不行，则痹阻而不仁）。疠风病，是由于营气热盛，其气不清净，所以导致鼻梁塌陷而面色败坏，皮肤溃疡溃烂。风寒客居于血脉中而不离去，名叫疠风（风寒客于血脉，则营气热盛而溃烂。气，由肺所治理，气不清净则金的化生功能不行，鼻与皮毛都由肺所主，所以鼻梁塌陷、面色败坏，是因为皮毛枯槁。《脉要精微论》说脉受风邪可变为疠风。疠，就是恶的意思）。
风邪侵入五脏六腑的俞穴，也成为脏腑之风，各自进入其门户而被中伤，就成为偏风（风邪进入脏腑之俞，随着俞穴左右而偏中，就成为偏风，即偏枯）。风邪沿着风府穴而上行，就成为脑风（风府，是督脉的穴位名）。风邪侵入头部经络，就成为目风，眼睛怕冷（太阳经脉起于目内眦，所以目风眼寒）。饮酒后中风，就成为漏风。（酒性温散，善于打开玄府，所以醉后易于中风。漏，是说汗液漏出而风邪客居）。房事后出汗又中风，就成为内风（体内耗损精气，体外腠理开泄，风邪乘虚侵犯，名为内风）。刚洗头就中风，就成为首风。久风传入体内，就成为肠风、飧泄（风邪日久传入肠胃。热则肠风下血，寒则飧泄泻利）。风邪客居在腠理，就成为泄风（偶然当汗出时，风邪客居在腠理，名为泄风）。所以风邪是风病的首领，至于它的变化，就成为其他疾病，没有固定的形态，然而导致这些病的，都是因为风邪（长，就是始。《骨空论》说风为百病之始，风邪初入，由浅入深，至于变化，就成为其他病，所以为百病之长。无常方，是说风病变化，没有固定的形体，而其导致的病，都是因于风罢了）。
《评热病论》说：邪气聚集的地方，正气必定虚弱（元气充周，病无从入侵。气虚则不能卫护体表而固密，玄府不闭，风邪因而客居）。
《厥论》说：阳气衰于下部，就形成寒厥；阴气衰于下部，就形成热厥（厥音义为逆。下部的之气逆上，忽然眩晕仆倒不知人事，轻者渐渐苏醒，重者立即死亡。阴阳之气衰于下部，则寒热两种厥证由此产生）。前阴，是宗筋汇聚的地方，是太阴、阳明二经会合之处（宗筋，是众多筋脉汇聚的地方，足部的三阴、阳明、少阳以及冲、任、督、跷等筋脉都汇聚于此，这里独言太阴、阳明的会合，是重视水谷之脏。胃为水谷之海，主要滋润宗筋，又是阴阳总宗筋之会，会合于气街，而阳明经为之首领）。春夏季节阳气多而阴气少，秋冬季节阴气盛而阳气衰。这种人身体壮实，却在秋冬季节过度使用精力（指房事），下部的精气上争而不能恢复，精气从下溢出，邪气便随之而上逆（秋冬的时令，天气收藏，倚仗身体壮实而喜好房事，则违背了时令，这就是夺于所用。精气枯竭于下，必然上争而求救于母气，肾所去者太过，肺所生者不及，所以不能恢复。既然已经不足，精气再次下泄，则阳虚而阴邪胜之，所以寒气逆上也）；气因于中（上则肺主气，下则肾纳气，上下之气都因谷气所化，水谷在胃，土居中州，所以说气因于中）。阳气衰，不能渗透滋养其经络，阳气日渐损耗，阴气独存，所以手足为之寒冷（四肢都禀受气于胃，胃中的阳气衰，不能充满其经络，阳败则阴胜，所以手足寒也）。
酒进入胃，则络脉满盈而经脉空虚（经脉在内深而不见，属阴。络脉在外浮而可见，属阳。酒，是熟谷的液体，其气悍疾，属阳，所以先充盈络脉。酒热伤阴，所以阳脉满而经脉虚），脾的主要功能是替胃传输津液，阴气虚则阳气内入，阳气内入则胃不和，胃不和则精气竭乏，精气竭乏则不能营养四肢（胃接受水谷，脾则传输其津液，湿热伤脾，则阴虚阳亢，胃乃不和，水谷的精气竭乏了，怎么能营养四肢呢）。这种人一定是多次醉酒或饱食后行房，气聚于脾中不得疏散，酒气与谷气相互搏结，热盛于中，所以热遍全身，内热而小便赤色。酒气盛大而悍烈，肾气日渐衰微，阳气独盛，所以手足为之发热（醉饱入房，脾肾交伤，阴日渐竭而阳日渐亢，所以手足热也。按：厥证有寒热之分，无不基于酒色，所以知道谨慎饮食、远离房事的人，厥证大概可以避免吧）。
《刺热篇》说：肝热病的人，左脸颊先发红；心热病的人，额头先发红；脾热病的人，鼻子先发红；肺热病的人，右脸颊先发红；肾热病的人，下巴先发红（肝应东方，所以左颊先红；心应南方，所以额庭先红；脾应中央，所以鼻先红；肺应西方，所以右颊先红；肾应北方，所以两颐先红）。
《热论篇》黄帝问：现在的热病，都属于伤寒一类。有的痊愈有的死亡，死亡的都在六七天之间，痊愈的都在十天以上，为什么呢（伤寒，是感受冬月的寒邪。冬三月者为正伤寒，到春天变为温病，到夏天变为热病，不说秋天变为凉病的原因，是因为太阳寒水之邪，遇到长夏之土而被克制）？岐伯回答说：巨阳，是诸阳的归属（巨阳，就是太阳，太阳为六经之长，总摄诸阳），其经脉连于风府，所以是诸阳的主气。人受寒邪侵袭，就发为热病，热势虽然旺盛也不会死（寒郁于内，皮肤闭密而为热，寒散即愈，所以说不会死），如果是两感于寒而发病的，就一定不免于死（两感，是指一日太阳与少阴同病，在膀胱则头痛，在肾则口干烦满；二日阳明与太阴同病，在胃则身热谵语，在脾则肢满不欲食，三日少阳与厥阴同病，在少阳则耳聋，在厥阴则囊满。三日传遍，再三日则死就不必说了）。
伤寒第一天，巨阳经受邪，所以头项痛，腰脊强直（太阳为三阳之表，而经脉连风府，所以伤寒多从太阳始。太阳经脉从头项下肩，挟脊抵腰，所以病症如此）；第二天阳明经受邪，阳明主肉，其经脉挟鼻络于目，所以身热、目疼、鼻干，不能安卧（胃不和则卧不安）；第三天少阳经受邪，少阳主胆，其经脉循胁络于耳，所以胸胁痛而耳聋（邪传少阳者，三阳已尽，将传太阴，所以为半表半里，邪在阴则寒，在阳则热，在半表半里，所以寒热往来）。三阳经络都受了病，但尚未入脏，所以可以通过发汗治愈（三阳为表，属腑，所以可汗而愈。未入于脏，是深刻说明入脏则不可轻易发汗）。第四天太阴经受邪，太阴经脉布胃中络于咽，所以腹满而咽干（邪在三阳，失于汗解，则传三阴，自太阴始），第五天少阴经受邪，少阴经脉贯肾络于肺，系舌本，所以口燥舌干而渴（肾本属水，而热邪耗之，所以燥渴）；第六天厥阴经受邪，厥阴经脉循阴器而络于肝，所以烦闷而阴囊收缩（传至厥阴而六经遍矣，邪热已极，所以烦满）。三阴三阳，五脏六腑都受了病，营卫不行，五脏不通，就会死亡（六经传遍而邪不解，脏腑皆受病。气血乏竭，营卫不行，则五脏之经脉不通，不死还等什么）。
病程未满三天的，可以通过发汗治愈；病程已满三天的，可以通过攻下治愈（已，就是愈。未满三天，邪在表，发汗则病愈。满三天，邪已传里，攻下则病愈。这是大概的说法。日数虽多，脉浮而有太阳、阳明、少阳证候的，应当发汗。日数虽少，脉沉而有太阴、少阴、厥阴证候的，应当攻下，这是最重要的法则）。
《疟论》：黄帝问：瘅疟都生于风，其发作和休止有定时，为什么呢（凡是秋疟都叫瘅疟，即它们都生于风，“皆”字可知诸疟的通称）？岐伯回答说：疟疾刚开始发作时，先从毫毛竖起开始，伸欠然后发作，恶寒战栗鼓颔，腰脊俱痛；寒去则内外皆热，头痛如破，想喝冷冻饮料。……阴阳上下交争，虚实更作，阴阳相互移易（阳主上行，阴主下行，邪气乘之则争。阳虚则外寒，阴虚则内热，阳盛则外热，阴盛则内寒。邪入于阴，则阴实阳虚，邪入于阳，则阳实阴虚，所以说更作，曰相移）。阳并于阴，则阴实而阳虚，阳明虚则寒栗鼓颔（阳明虚则阴虚而阴实，所以寒栗。脉循颐颊，所以鼓颔）；巨阳虚则腰背头项痛；三阳俱虚则阴气胜，阴气胜则骨寒而痛（《终始》篇说，病痛者，阴也，阴盛故头痛，骨亦痛也），寒生于内，所以中外皆寒；阳盛则外热，阴虚则内热，外内皆热，则喘而渴，所以想喝冷冻饮料（邪在阳分，则内外皆热。所以喘渴而想喝冷冻饮料）。这些都因为夏天伤于暑气，热气盛大，藏于皮肤之内，肠胃之外，这里是营气所舍的地方（夏天暑热汗泄，有什么病呢？或者凄怆水寒，或者乘风纳凉，此时热大盛，不能发越，邪气以营气为舍）。这使人汗孔疏阔，腠理开泄（这说明风邪容易客居），因而得到秋气，汗出遇风，以及洗澡时，水气舍于皮肤之内，与卫气并居（暑邪既伏，秋风收之，又因浴水而疟作）。卫气，白天行于阳，夜晚行于阴，此气得阳而外出，得阴而内薄，内外相薄，所以每日发作（卫气之行于身，一日一周。邪气与卫气并居，与卫气同行，所以疟疾也一日一作，这是卫受邪浅而易治）。
邪气所居之处深，内迫于阴，阳气独发，阴邪内着，阴与阳争不得出，所以间日发作（邪气所居者，深入于脏，是内迫于阴分。阳气独发，是卫阳之行如故，而邪之迫于阴者，迟而难出，所以间日发作）。
邪气客于风府，沿着膂筋下行（风府，是督脉穴位。膂，是脊两旁。下，是下行至尾骶），卫气一日一夜大会于风府，第二天下一节，所以发作时间推迟（卫气之行，每日一会于风府。若邪客风府必循膂而下，其气渐深，则日下一节，自阳就阴，其会渐迟，所以发作渐晚）。
邪气出于风府，日下一节，二十五日下至骶骨，二十六日入于脊内，注于伏膂之脉（项骨三节，脊骨二十一节，共二十四节。邪自风府日下一节，所以二十五日下至尾骶，复自后而前，二十六日入于脊内，注伏膂之脉），其气上行，九日出于缺盆之中，其气日高，所以发作日益提前（邪在伏膂，循脊而上，无关节之阻，所以九日出缺盆。其气日高，则自阴就阳，其邪日退，所以发作渐早）。
寒是阴气，风是阳气，先伤于寒而后伤于风，所以先寒而后热，病按时发作，名叫寒疟。
先伤于风而后伤于寒，所以先热而后寒，也按时发作，名叫温疟（时作者，或一日，或间日。不违背其期）。
只有热而不寒的，阴气先绝，阳气独发，则少气烦冤，手足热而欲呕，名叫瘅疟。
邪气与卫气客于六腑，有时相失，不能相得，所以休息几天才发作（这就是三日疟，邪气深重，病在三阴，邪气不能与卫气并出，所以休息几天才发。“数”字当作“三”字）。
温疟，得之于冬天中于风寒，气藏于骨髓之中，到春天则阳气大发，邪气不能自出，因而遇到大暑，脑髓烁，肌肉消，腠理发泄，或者有所用力，邪气与汗皆出，此病藏于肾，其气先从内出之于外（肾主冬令，其应在骨，所以冬受风寒，邪伏骨髓，至春夏有触而发，自内而达于外者也）。像这样，阴虚而阳盛，阳盛则热，衰则气复反入，入则阳虚，阳虚则寒，所以先热而后寒，名叫温疟（这是冬天受寒邪，到春天发为温疟，即伤寒。所以《伤寒论》有温疟一症，盖本于此）。
瘅疟，肺素有热气盛于身，厥逆上冲，中气实而不外泄，因有所用力，腠理开，风寒舍于皮肤之内、分肉之间而发，发则阳气盛，阳气盛而不衰则病矣。其气不及于阴，所以但热而不寒，气内藏于心，而外舍于分肉之间，令人消烁脱肉，所以名叫瘅疟（肺素有热，气藏于心，即此二语，火来乘金，阴虚阳亢，明是不足之症挟外邪而然，所以温疟、瘅疟皆非真疟）。
《咳论》说：皮毛，是肺的外合，皮毛先受邪气，邪气就顺着其合而入。寒凉的饮食入胃，从肺脉上至于肺则肺寒，肺寒则内外合邪，因而客之，就形成肺咳。五脏各以其时受病，非其时，各传以与之。
人与天地相参，所以五脏各以治时。感于寒则受病，轻微则为咳，严重则为泄为痛。乘秋则肺先受邪，乘春则肝先受之，乘夏则心先受之，乘至阴则脾先受之，乘冬则肾先受之（五脏六腑都能成咳，但必须肺先受邪而传之于各经。邪，寒邪。所谓形寒饮冷则伤肺是也。五脏各以其时受病，轻者浅而在皮毛，重者深而在肠胃。所以咳，是外症，泄，是里症。寒在表则身痛，寒在里则腹痛，曰先受之者，次必及乎肺而为咳）。
肺咳的症状，咳嗽而喘息有音，严重时唾血（肺主气而司呼吸，所以喘息有音）。心咳的症状，咳嗽则心痛，喉中介介如梗状
(Continued from previous text) If the Qi returns, distension occurs in the lower Jiao (Lower Burner), thus the movement of Qi is obstructed. (This is because fear damages the Kidney, causing Essence to retreat; "retreat" means declining and failing to transport upwards. When the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner) is closed, the path for ascending is lost, and Qi returns and sinks downward. Since Qi moves normally by ascending, sinking prevents its proper movement). Cold causes the Cou Li (skin pores and interstitial spaces) to close and Qi movement to be hindered, thus Qi contracts. (Cold binds the exterior, making the Cou Li dense, preventing Yang Qi from unblocking, leading to freezing and contraction). Heat causes the Cou Li to open, Ying and Wei Qi (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) to flow freely, and sweat to pour out profusely, thus Qi leaks out. ("Jiong" means heat; like summer following summer's command, the Cou Li opens, and Qi scatters with sweat, hence called Qi leakage). Fright causes the Heart to have no support, Shen (Spirit) to have no return, and thoughts to have no stability, thus Qi becomes chaotic. (Sudden fright causes the Spirit to wander and move restlessly; if the ruler is unclear, chaos ensues in the world, which is the essence of chaotic Qi). Excessive labor causes panting and sweating, with Qi escaping both internally and externally, thus Qi is exhausted. (Overexertion leads to fatigue and agitated Qi; internally it rushes to the Lung causing panting, externally it reaches the surface causing sweating. Hence, Qi escapes internally and externally, and is naturally exhausted). Overthinking causes the Heart to retain focus and Shen to gather, causing Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) to stagnate and not move, thus Qi knots. (Thinking concentrates will and gathers spirit, causing Qi to stay and not disperse, hence named knotting).
The *Feng Lun* (Treatise on Wind) states: Wind is agile and changes frequently. When the Cou Li are open, one feels chilly; when closed, one feels feverish and stifled. (Wind belongs to Yang and is active, hence agile and changeable). Its cold manifestation reduces appetite; its heat manifestation consumes muscle, causing shivering and inability to eat. (Cold impairs Stomach Qi transportation, reducing food intake. Heat consumes fluids and nourishment, causing emaciation. "Li" refers to shivering).
When wind Qi enters the Stomach along the Yangming channel, traveling up to the inner canthus: if the person is obese, wind cannot dissipate outward, resulting in "Re Zhong" (Internal Heat) with yellow eyes; if thin, wind dissipates easily but brings cold, resulting in "Han Zhong" (Internal Cold) with tearing. (Wind enters the Stomach; the Stomach channel ascends to connect with the eyes. Obese people have dense Cou Li, trapping pathogens, causing internal heat and yellow eyes. Thin people have loose Cou Li, allowing pathogens to escape but bringing cold, causing internal cold and tearing). When wind enters with the Taiyang channel, circulating through various Shu points and dispersing between the muscles, interfering with Wei Qi, blocking its pathway, it causes muscle swelling and sores; if Wei Qi coagulates and fails to move, the flesh becomes insensible. (The Shu points of the Zang-Fu organs attach to the back. Wind entering via Taiyang travels through these points to the muscles. Muscles are where Wei Qi circulates. Wei Qi travels through Yang channels during the day, starting with Taiyang. Wind clashes with Wei Qi, causing obstruction. Wind coagulation leads to swelling and sores. Wei Qi blocked by wind causes numbness). Leprosy (Li Feng) involves hot Ying Qi and turbid Qi, causing collapse of the nasal bridge, sallow complexion, and skin ulcers. When wind-cold lodges in the vessels and does not depart, it is called Leprosy. (Wind-cold in blood vessels heats Ying Qi and causes ulceration. Qi is governed by the Lung; turbidity impairs Metal transformation. The nose and skin/hair are governed by the Lung; thus nasal collapse and sallow complexion indicate dry skin/hair. The *Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun* states wind in pulses can become leprosy. "Li" means evil).
Wind entering the Shu points of the Zang-Fu organs becomes Wind of the Zang-Fu. Entering through their respective gates, it causes Pi Feng (Hemiplegia/Asymmetrical Wind). (Wind enters Zang-Fu Shu points, striking asymmetrically, causing hemiplegia). Wind ascending along the Fengfu point causes Nao Feng (Brain Wind). (Fengfu is an acupoint of the Du Meridian). Wind entering the head meridians causes Mu Feng (Eye Wind) and cold eyes. (Taiyang meridian starts at the inner canthus, hence eye wind and cold). Wind after drinking alcohol causes Lou Feng (Leaking Wind). (Alcohol is warm and dispersing, opening Xuan Fu [pores]; drunkenness makes one susceptible to wind. "Lou" implies leaking sweat with wind lodging). Wind after sexual activity with sweating causes Nei Feng (Internal Wind). (Internal depletion of Essence and external opening of Cou Li allow wind to invade vacuity, named Internal Wind). Wind after washing hair causes Shou Feng (Head Wind). Long-standing wind entering inward causes Chang Feng (Intestinal Wind) and Sun Xie (Undigested Food Diarrhea). (Wind lingers and enters intestines/stomach. Heat causes intestinal bleeding; cold causes diarrhea with undigested food). Wind lodging in the Cou Li causes Xie Feng (Escaping Wind). (Occasional sweating allows wind to lodge in Cou Li, named Escaping Wind). Thus, wind is the leader of wind diseases; its variations become other diseases without fixed forms, yet all originate from wind. ("Zhang" means beginning. The *Gu Kong Lun* says wind is the start of hundred diseases. Wind enters shallowly then deeply, varying into other diseases, hence leader. "Wu Chang Fang" means wind disease changes without fixed form, but originates from wind).
The *Ping Re Bing Lun* (Treatise on Evaluating Heat Diseases) states: Wherever evil gathers, Qi must be deficient. (If Yuan Qi is abundant, disease cannot enter. Qi deficiency fails to defend the exterior and secure Xuan Fu, allowing wind evil to lodge).
The *Jue Lun* (Treatise on Jue) states: Yang Qi deficiency in the lower part causes Han Jue (Cold Jue); Yin Qi deficiency in the lower part causes Re Jue (Heat Jue). ("Jue" sounds like "Ni", meaning counterflow. Lower Qi counters upward, causing sudden dizziness, collapse, and unconsciousness. Mild cases recover gradually; severe cases die instantly. Deficiency of Yin/Yang Qi below generates cold/heat Jue). The anterior yin is the gathering place of Zong Jin (Major Sinews), where Taiyin and Yangming merge. (Zong Jin gathers many sinews; foot Three Yin, Yangming, Shaoyang, plus Chong, Ren, Du, Qiao meridians converge here. Mentioning Taiyin/Yangming emphasizes Water-Grain organs. Stomach is the Sea of Water-Grain, moistening Zong Jin. It is the meeting of Yin/Yang Zong Jin, converging at Qichuang, led by Yangming). In Spring/Summer, Yang Qi is abundant and Yin scarce; in Autumn/Winter, Yin is abundant and Yang scarce. A robust person who overuses themselves (sexual excess) in Autumn/Winter violates the seasonal storage. Lower Qi contends upward but cannot recover; Essence overflows downward, and evil Qi follows upward. (Autumn/Winter is time of storage. Relying on robustness for sex violates this, depleting resources. Essence depleted below forces upward contention to seek Mother Qi. Kidney loss is excessive, Lung production insufficient, hence no recovery. Insufficiency leads to further Essence loss, Yang deficiency, Yin evil dominance, and counterflow of Cold Qi). Qi originates from the Middle (Upper Lung governs Qi, Lower Kidney grasps Qi; both derive from Grain Qi. Water-Grain in Stomach, Earth in Center, hence Qi originates from Middle). Yang Qi deficiency cannot permeate and nourish collaterals; Yang declines daily, Yin remains alone, causing cold hands and feet. (Limbs receive Qi from Stomach. Stomach Yang deficiency fails to fill collaterals; Yang defeat leads to Yin dominance, causing cold extremities).
Wine enters the Stomach, filling Luo Mai (Collateral Vessels) while emptying Jing Mai (Main Vessels). (Jing Mai are deep/internal/Yin. Luo Mai are superficial/external/Yang. Wine is fermented grain liquid, fierce Qi, Yang nature, thus fills Luo first. Wine heat injures Yin, so Yang vessels full, Yin vessels empty). Spleen transports fluids for Stomach. Yin deficiency allows Yang to enter; Yang entry causes Stomach disharmony; Stomach disharmony exhausts Jing Qi; Jing Qi exhaustion fails to nourish four limbs. (Stomach receives food, Spleen transports fluids. Damp-heat injures Spleen, causing Yin deficiency/Yang hyperactivity, Stomach disharmony, exhaustion of Grain Essence, unable to nourish limbs). Such persons often drink heavily or eat full before sex. Qi gathers in Spleen, unable to disperse. Wine and Grain Qi clash, heat surges in Middle, spreading heat throughout body, internal heat, and red urine. Wine Qi is strong and fierce, daily declining Kidney Qi, leaving Yang dominant, causing hot hands and feet. (Drunk/full then sex injures Spleen/Kidney. Yin depletes, Yang hyperacts, causing hot extremities. Note: Jue has cold/heat types, rooted in wine/sex. Prudent diet and avoiding sex prevent Jue).
The *Ci Re Pian* (Chapter on Acupuncture for Heat) states: Liver Heat Disease shows redness on left cheek first; Heart Heat Disease on forehead first; Spleen Heat Disease on nose first; Lung Heat Disease on right cheek first; Kidney Heat Disease on chin/jaw first. (Liver corresponds East/left cheek; Heart South/forehead; Spleen Center/nose; Lung West/right cheek; Kidney North/chin).
In *Re Lun* (Treatise on Heat), Emperor asked: Why do heat diseases, all types of Shang Han (Cold Damage), die within 6-7 days and recover after 10+ days? (Shang Han is winter cold. Winter is Zheng Shang Han; Spring becomes Wen Bing (Warm Disease); Summer becomes Re Bing (Heat Disease). No Autumn "Liang Bing" because Taiyang Cold Water is overcome by Changxia Earth). Qibo answered: Ju Yang (Great Yang/Taiyang) belongs to all Yang. Its pulse connects to Fengfu, making it master of Yang Qi. Injury by cold causes heat disease; even high heat doesn't kill (Cold trapped internally closes skin, causing heat; cold dispersal cures it). However, Liang Gan Yu Han (Dual Sensation by Cold) is fatal. (Dual sensation: Day 1 Taiyang/Shaoyin - Bladder headache, Kidney dry mouth/fullness; Day 2 Yangming/Taiyin - Stomach fever/delirium, Spleen limb fullness/anorexia; Day 3 Shaoyang/Jueyin - Shaoyang deafness, Jueyin scrotal contraction. Transmission completes in 3 days; death follows in next 3).
Day 1 Shang Han affects Taiyang: head/neck pain, stiff waist/spine. (Taiyang is exterior of Three Yang, connects Fengfu. Path starts here. Channel runs head/neck, down shoulder, spine, waist). Day 2 affects Yangming: Yangming governs flesh, channel circles nose/connects eyes. Fever, eye pain, dry nose, insomnia. (Stomach disharmony causes restless sleep). Day 3 affects Shaoyang: Shaoyang governs Gallbladder, channel follows costal region/connects ears. Hypochondriac pain, deafness. (Path transmitted to Shaoyang completes Three Yang, heading to Taiyin. Half-exterior/Half-interior: Yin=cold, Yang=heat, thus alternating chills/fever). If Three Yang channels are diseased but not entered Zang, sweating can cure. (Three Yang are exterior/Fu, treatable by sweating. Not entering Zang means deep invasion precludes simple sweating). Day 4 affects Taiyin: Taiyin channel spreads in Stomach/connects throat. Abdominal fullness, dry throat. (Path missed sweating in Three Yang transmits to Three Yin, starting Taiyin). Day 5 affects Shaoyin: Shaoyin channel pierces Kidney, connects Lung, ties tongue root. Dry mouth/tongue, thirst. (Kidney is Water, heat consumes it, causing dryness/thirst). Day 6 affects Jueyin: Jueyin channel circles genitalia, connects Liver. Irritability, fullness, scrotal retraction. (Transmission to Jueyin completes Six Channels; extreme heat causes irritability). If Three Yin/Yang, Five Zang/Six Fu are diseased, Ying/Wei stop, Five Zang block, death ensues. (Six Channels complete, pathogen unresolved, Zang-Fu diseased. Qi/Blood exhausted, Ying/Wei stagnant, Zang meridians blocked, death inevitable).
If less than 3 days, sweat to cure. If more than 3 days, purge to cure. ("Yi" means cured. <3 days, pathogen in exterior, sweat cures. >3 days, pathogen in interior, purge cures. General rule. Many days + floating pulse/Taiyang signs = sweat. Few days + deep pulse/Taiyin signs = purge. Crucial method).
*Mai Lun*: Emperor asked: Dan Mai (Crimson Malaria) arises from wind; why timed attacks? (Autumn malaria called Dan Mai, arising from wind, general term). Qibo answered: Malaria starts with goosebumps, yawning, then chills/shivering jaw quivering, waist/spine pain. Cold passes, internal/external heat, splitting headache, thirst for cold drinks. ... Yin/Yang contend above/below, emptiness/fullness alternate, Yin/Yang shift. (Yang ascends, Yin descends. Evil triggers contention. Yang def=exterior cold, Yin def=internal heat, Yang excess=exterior heat, Yin excess=interior cold. Evil in Yin=Yin full/Yang def; Evil in Yang=Yang full/Yin def. Hence alternation/shift). Yang merging into Yin makes Yin full/Yang def. Yangming def causes chills/jaw quivering. (Yangming def leads to Yin full/cold. Pulse goes to cheeks, hence quivering). Ju Yang def causes waist/back/head/neck pain. Three Yang def leads to Yin dominance, bone cold/pain. (*Zhong Shi* chapter: Pain is Yin, Yin excess causes head/bone pain). Cold generated internally causes internal/external cold. Yang excess causes exterior heat, Yin def causes internal heat. Both hot causes panting/thirst, desire for cold drinks. (Evil in Yang = internal/external heat. Panting/thirst/cold drink desire). These result from Summer heat injury. Heat was vigorous, stored in skin interior/gut exterior, where Ying Qi resides. (Summer sweat release. If chilled by water/wind/cooling, heat cannot vent, evil lodges in Ying). This causes sparse sweat, open Cou Li. (Shows wind evil easily lodges). Then Autumn Qi arrives, sweat meets wind, or bathing, water qi lodges in skin with Wei Qi. (Summer evil latent, Autumn wind collects it, bath water triggers malaria). Wei Qi travels Yang by day, Yin by night. This Qi exits with Yang, penetrates with Yin. External/internal clash causes daily attacks. (Wei Qi circles body once daily. Evil shares Wei Qi location/movement, hence daily malaria. Shallow Wei evil, easy to treat).
If evil lodges deep, penetrates Yin, Yang Qi alone erupts, Yin evil stays inside, Yin/Yang contend but cannot exit, hence every-other-day attacks. (Evil deep in Zang, penetrating Yin. Yang eruption is normal Wei Yang movement, but Yin-penetrating evil is slow/hard to exit, hence intermittent).
Evil lodges at Fengfu, descending along Lv (spine flanks). (Fengfu is Du point. Lv is spine sides. Descending to coccyx). Wei Qi gathers at Fengfu daily/nightly. Next day descends one segment, hence attack is late. (Wei Qi meets at Fengfu daily. If evil at Fengfu descends Lv, Qi deepens, descends one segment daily, moving Yang to Yin, meeting delays, attack later).
From Fengfu, descending one segment daily, 25 days to sacrum, 26th day enters spine interior, notes into Fu Lv Mai. (Neck 3 segments, spine 21, total 24. Evil descends 1/day from Fengfu, 25 days to coccyx, then front-to-back, 26th day enters spine interior, Fu Lv Mai). Qi ascends, 9 days emerges at Quepen. Qi rises daily, hence attack earlier daily. (Evil in Fu Lv climbs spine, no joint obstruction, emerges Quepen in 9 days. Qi rises daily, Yin to Yang, evil recedes, attack earlier).
Cold is Yin, Wind is Yang. Cold first, Wind second = Cold then Heat = Han Malaria (Cold Malaria). Wind first, Cold second = Heat then Cold = Wen Malaria (Warm Malaria). (Timed: daily or every other day, punctual). Only heat, no cold = Yin Qi exhausted, Yang alone erupts. Shortness of breath, oppression, hot hands/feet, nausea = Dan Malaria (Crimson Malaria).
Evil/Wei Qi in Six Fu miss each other, cannot interact, hence rest days before attack. (This is Triennial Malaria. Deep evil, Three Yin, cannot exit with Wei, rests 3 days. "Shu" should be "San").
Wen Malaria: Winter wind-cold, stored in marrow. Spring Yang erupts, evil cannot exit. Summer heat melts marrow, consumes muscle, opens Cou Li, or exertion releases evil with sweat. Disease roots in Kidney, Qi moves internal to external. (Kidney governs Winter/bones. Winter cold/lodges marrow. Spring/Summer trigger, internal to external). Thus Yin def/Yang excess = heat. Decline = Qi re-enters = Yang def = cold. Heat then cold = Wen Malaria. (Winter cold, Spring Wen Malaria, i.e., Shang Han. *Shang Han Lun* has Wen Malaria symptom, based on this).
Dan Malaria: Lung has prior heat, body heat surges, counterflow upward, Middle Qi full/no external venting. Exertion opens Cou Li, wind-cold lodges skin/muscle. Eruption = Yang excess. Unabated Yang = disease. Qi does not reach Yin, hence only heat/no cold. Qi stores in Heart, lodges muscles, causes emaciation = Dan Malaria. (Lung prior heat, Qi in Heart. Fire attacks Metal, Yin def/Yang hyperactivity. Deficiency with external evil. Wen/Dan Malaria not true Malaria).
*Ke Lun* (Treatise on Cough): Skin/Hair are Lung's exterior. Exterior first receives evil, evil enters via exterior. Cold food/drinks enter Stomach, travel Lung channel to Lung, causing Lung cold. Internal/External combined evil lodges, causing Lung Cough. Five Zang receive disease in their season; off-season, transmission gives cough.
Humans correspond to Heaven/Earth; Five Zang receive disease in their governing season. Cold injury causes disease: mild=Cough, severe=Diarrhea/Pain. Autumn=Lung first; Spring=Liver first; Summer=Heart first; Late Summer=Spleen first; Winter=Kidney first. (All Zang/Fu can cause cough, but Lung must receive first and transmit. Evil is Cold. "Form cold, drink cold injures Lung". Seasonal Zang disease: mild/superficial (skin), severe/deep (gut). Cough is exterior sign, Diarrhea interior. Cold exterior=body pain, Cold interior=abdominal pain. "First received" implies subsequent Lung involvement/Cough).
Lung Cough: Cough with wheezing/noise, severe = spitting blood. (Lung governs Qi/respiration, hence wheezing). Heart Cough: Cough with Heart pain, throat feels obstructed...