左足太阳下者即以此五味调之也列左右上下者分别二十五变之人使后学观形以知血气之盛虚非用五味之中而有上下之分
也如用调左手太阳上右手太阳下总以麦谷羊畜调之也书不尽言言不尽意学人以意逆之则得之矣骥案此与上藏气法时论五
味篇参照下同
上羽与太羽同谷大豆畜彘果栗足少阴藏肾色黑味咸时冬
马莳曰上羽太羽者水音之人也故五谷五畜五果之内其大豆彘栗属水宜水音之人用此以调之也张志聪曰上羽足少阴之
人也太羽者二十五变之形也曰右征曰太羽经文错综其间者举一而左右少太总调之以此味也豆色黑性涩水之谷也彘乃亥畜
水之畜也栗色黑味咸肾之果也上羽者在经气为足少阴在藏为肾在色为黑在味为咸在时为冬倪仲宣曰所言足少阴藏肾者谓
大豆彘栗之味在经气调养足少阴在藏则调养肾也余藏同义
上宫与太宫同谷稷畜牛果枣足太阴藏脾色黄味甘时季夏
马莳曰上宫太宫者土音之人也故五谷五畜五果之内其稷牛枣皆属土宜土音之人用此以调之也张志聪曰上宫足太阴之
人也太宫者变而为足阳明也稷色黄味甘土之谷也牛乃土之畜枣者脾之果也在气为足太阴在藏为脾在色为黄在味为甘在时
为长夏上宫太宫加宫左宫少宫之人同调此谷畜之味也
上商与右商同谷黍畜鸡果桃手太阴藏肺色白味辛时秋
马莳曰上商右商者金音之人也故五谷五畜五果之内其黍鸡桃皆属金宜金音之人用此以调之也张志聪曰上商手太阴之
人也右商四变之形也黍色白而收成金之谷也鸡属酉而鸣于巳酉丑时金之畜也桃色白而有毛肺之果也在气主手太阴在藏为
肺在色为白在味为辛在时为秋上商右商少商太商左商之人同调此谷畜之味也
上角与太角同谷麻畜犬果李足厥阴藏肝色青味酸时春
马莳曰上角太角者木音之人也故五谷五畜五果之内其麻犬李皆属木宜木音之人用此以调之也张志聪曰上角足厥阴之
人也太角四变之形也麻色青茎直木之谷也犬属戌而味酸厥阴之畜也李色青味涩肝之果也在经气主足厥阴在藏为肝在色为
青在味为酸在时为春上角太角右角HT 角判角同调此谷果之味也仇汝霖曰调五音者补五藏调四变者补六腑
灵枢九针篇五味酸入肝辛入肺苦入心甘入脾咸入肾淡入胃是谓五味
骥案胃者五藏六腑之海也水谷皆入于胃五藏六腑皆禀气于胃五味各走其所喜谷气津液已行荣卫大通以次传下王子律
曰淡附于甘故淡入胃
左足太阳经下方的情况，就是用这五味（酸、苦、甘、辛、咸）来调和。列举左右上下分别对应二十五种变化的人体体质，是为了让后学者通过观察形体来了解气血的盛衰虚实，并非在五味之中还有上下之分。例如，如果要调和左手太阳经上方和右手太阳经下方，总应当用麦、谷、羊等畜肉来调和。书本不能完全表达言语，言语不能完全表达意旨，学习者若能以心意去推测领会，就能得其真谛了。张骥按语：此段与上文《藏气法时论》中关于五味的篇章参照，内容相同。
上羽音与太羽音相同。谷物是大豆，畜类是猪，果实是栗子。对应的脏腑是足少阴肾，颜色为黑，味道为咸，季节为冬。
马莳说：上羽、太羽是指水音之人。所以在五谷、五畜、五果之中，大豆、猪、栗子属于水，适宜水音之人使用这些来调和。张志聪说：上羽是指足少阴经之人，太羽是指二十五变中的形体。经文说“右征”、“太羽”，经文错综复杂地穿插其中，是举一例而说明左右、少、太总体上都以此味来调和。豆子色黑性涩，是水之谷；猪是亥畜，是水之畜；栗子色黑味咸，是肾之果。上羽者在经气上对应足少阴，在脏腑上对应肾，在颜色上对应黑，在味道上对应咸，在季节上对应冬。倪仲宣说：文中所说的足少阴脏肾，意思是说大豆、猪、栗子的味道在经气上调养足少阴，在脏腑上则调养肾。其余脏腑也是同样的道理。
上宫音与太宫音相同。谷物是稷（小米），畜类是牛，果实是枣。对应的脏腑是足太阴脾，颜色为黄，味道为甘，季节为季夏（长夏）。
马莳说：上宫、太宫是指土音之人。所以在五谷、五畜、五果之中，稷、牛、枣都属于土，适宜土音之人使用这些来调和。张志聪说：上宫是指足太阴经之人，太宫是指变而为足阳明经的形体。稷色黄味甘，是土之谷；牛是土之畜；枣是脾之果。在经气上主足太阴，在脏腑上主脾，在颜色上主黄，在味道上主甘，在季节上主长夏。上宫、太宫、加宫、左宫、少宫之人，都同样调和这些谷物和畜类的味道。
上商音与右商音相同。谷物是黍（黄米），畜类是鸡，果实是桃。对应的脏腑是手太阴肺，颜色为白，味道为辛，季节为秋。
马莳说：上商、右商是指金音之人。所以在五谷、五畜、五果之中，黍、鸡、桃都属于金，适宜金音之人使用这些来调和。张志聪说：上商是指手太阴经之人，右商是指四变中的形体。黍色白且收成于秋季，是金之谷；鸡属酉，在巳、酉、丑时鸣叫，是金之畜；桃色白且有毛，是肺之果。在经气上主手太阴，在脏腑上主肺，在颜色上主白，在味道上主辛，在季节上主秋。上商、右商、少商、太商、左商之人，都同样调和这些谷物和畜类的味道。
上角音与太角音相同。谷物是麻（芝麻/大麻籽），畜类是狗，果实是李子。对应的脏腑是足厥阴肝，颜色为青，味道为酸，季节为春。
马莳说：上角、太角是指木音之人。所以在五谷、五畜、五果之中，麻、狗、李子都属于木，适宜木音之人使用这些来调和。张志聪说：上角是指足厥阴经之人，太角是指四变中的形体。麻色青茎直，是木之谷；狗属戌，味道酸，是厥阴之畜；李子色青味涩，是肝之果。在经气上主足厥阴，在脏腑上主肝，在颜色上主青，在味道上主酸，在季节上主春。上角、太角、右角、HT角（注：原文可能有误或特定符号）、判角（注：原文可能有误或特定符号）之人，都同样调和这些谷物和果实的味道。仇汝霖说：调和五音是为了补益五脏，调和四变是为了补益六腑。《灵枢·九针论》中说：五味中，酸入肝，辛入肺，苦入心，甘入脾，咸入肾，淡入胃，这就叫做五味。
张骥按语：胃是五脏六腑的海，水谷都进入胃，五脏六腑都禀受胃气。五味各自走向它所喜爱的脏腑。谷气和津液运行之后，营卫之气大通，依次传下。王子律说：淡附属于甘，所以淡入胃。
The condition below the left foot Taiyang meridian is regulated by these five flavors (sour, bitter, sweet, pungent, salty). The enumeration of left, right, upper, and lower corresponding to twenty-five variations in human constitutions is intended for later learners to observe physical forms to understand the abundance or deficiency of Qi and Blood; it does not imply a distinction between upper and lower within the five flavors themselves. For instance, when regulating the upper part of the left hand Taiyang meridian and the lower part of the right hand Taiyang meridian, one should generally use wheat, grains, and mutton for regulation. Books cannot fully express speech, and speech cannot fully express intent; if learners can infer the meaning with their minds, they will grasp it. Zhang Ji’s note: This passage corresponds to the section on Five Flavors in the *Zang Qi Fa Shi Lun* (Treatise on Organ Functions Adapting to Natural Laws) mentioned above, and the content is identical.
Shang Yu (Upper Water Tone) is the same as Tai Yu (Great Water Tone). The grain is Soybean (*Glycine max*), the animal is Pig (*Sus scrofa domesticus*), and the fruit is Chestnut (*Castanea mollissima*). The associated Zang organ is the Foot Shaoyin Kidney, the color is Black, the flavor is Salty, and the season is Winter.
Ma Shi said: Shang Yu and Tai Yu refer to individuals of the Water tone. Therefore, among the five grains, five animals, and five fruits, Soybeans, Pigs, and Chestnuts belong to Water and are suitable for individuals of the Water tone to use for regulation. Zhang Zhicong said: Shang Yu refers to individuals of the Foot Shaoyin meridian, while Tai Yu refers to the physical form within the twenty-five variations. The classic text mentions "Right Zheng" and "Tai Yu"; the text is intricately interwoven, citing one example to show that left/right, Shao/Tai are all regulated by this flavor. Beans are black in color and astringent in nature, representing the grain of Water; Pigs are Hai-branch animals, representing the animal of Water; Chestnuts are black in color and salty in taste, representing the fruit of the Kidney. Shang Yu corresponds to the Foot Shaoyin in meridian Qi, to the Kidney in Zang organs, to Black in color, to Salty in flavor, and to Winter in season. Ni Zhongxuan said: What is stated as the Foot Shaoyin Zang Kidney means that the flavors of Soybeans, Pigs, and Chestnuts regulate the Foot Shaoyin in meridian Qi and regulate the Kidney in Zang organs. The same principle applies to other Zang organs.
Shang Gong (Upper Earth Tone) is the same as Tai Gong (Great Earth Tone). The grain is Millet (*Panicum miliaceum*), the animal is Cow (*Bos taurus*), and the fruit is Jujube (*Ziziphus jujuba*). The associated Zang organ is the Foot Taiyin Spleen, the color is Yellow, the flavor is Sweet, and the season is Late Summer (Ji Xia).
Ma Shi said: Shang Gong and Tai Gong refer to individuals of the Earth tone. Therefore, among the five grains, five animals, and five fruits, Millet, Cows, and Jujubes belong to Earth and are suitable for individuals of the Earth tone to use for regulation. Zhang Zhicong said: Shang Gong refers to individuals of the Foot Taiyin meridian, while Tai Gong refers to the form transformed into the Foot Yangming meridian. Millet is yellow in color and sweet in taste, representing the grain of Earth; Cows are animals of Earth; Jujubes are the fruit of the Spleen. In Qi, it governs the Foot Taiyin; in Zang organs, it governs the Spleen; in color, it governs Yellow; in flavor, it governs Sweet; in season, it governs Late Summer. Individuals of Shang Gong, Tai Gong, Jia Gong, Zuo Gong, and Shao Gong all similarly regulate the flavors of these grains and animals.
Shang Shang (Upper Metal Tone) is the same as Right Shang (Right Metal Tone). The grain is Broomcorn Millet (*Panicum miliaceum var. glaucum*), the animal is Chicken (*Gallus gallus domesticus*), and the fruit is Peach (*Prunus persica*). The associated Zang organ is the Hand Taiyin Lung, the color is White, the flavor is Pungent, and the season is Autumn.
Ma Shi said: Shang Shang and Right Shang refer to individuals of the Metal tone. Therefore, among the five grains, five animals, and five fruits, Broomcorn Millet, Chickens, and Peaches belong to Metal and are suitable for individuals of the Metal tone to use for regulation. Zhang Zhicong said: Shang Shang refers to individuals of the Hand Taiyin meridian, while Right Shang refers to the form within the four variations. Broomcorn Millet is white in color and harvested in autumn, representing the grain of Metal; Chickens belong to the You branch and crow during Si, You, and Chou hours, representing the animal of Metal; Peaches are white in color and hairy, representing the fruit of the Lung. In Qi, it governs the Hand Taiyin; in Zang organs, it governs the Lung; in color, it governs White; in flavor, it governs Pungent; in season, it governs Autumn. Individuals of Shang Shang, Right Shang, Shao Shang, Tai Shang, and Left Shang all similarly regulate the flavors of these grains and animals.
Shang Jue (Upper Wood Tone) is the same as Tai Jue (Great Wood Tone). The grain is Hemp/Sesame (*Sesamum indicum*), the animal is Dog (*Canis lupus familiaris*), and the fruit is Plum (*Prunus salicina*). The associated Zang organ is the Foot Jueyin Liver, the color is Green/Cyan, the flavor is Sour, and the season is Spring.
Ma Shi said: Shang Jue and Tai Jue refer to individuals of the Wood tone. Therefore, among the five grains, five animals, and five fruits, Hemp, Dogs, and Plums belong to Wood and are suitable for individuals of the Wood tone to use for regulation. Zhang Zhicong said: Shang Jue refers to individuals of the Foot Jueyin meridian, while Tai Jue refers to the form within the four variations. Hemp is green in color with straight stems, representing the grain of Wood; Dogs belong to the Xu branch and have a sour affinity, representing the animal of Jueyin; Plums are green in color and astringent in taste, representing the fruit of the Liver. In meridian Qi, it governs the Foot Jueyin; in Zang organs, it governs the Liver; in color, it governs Green/Cyan; in flavor, it governs Sour; in season, it governs Spring. Individuals of Shang Jue, Tai Jue, Right Jue, [Textual Error] Jue, and [Textual Error] Jue all similarly regulate the flavors of these grains and fruits. Qiu Rulin said: Regulating the five tones supplements the five Zang organs, while regulating the four variations supplements the six Fu organs. The *Ling Shu: Nine Needles* chapter states: Among the five flavors, Sour enters the Liver, Pungent enters the Lung, Bitter enters the Heart, Sweet enters the Spleen, Salty enters the Kidney, and Bland enters the Stomach. This is called the Five Flavors.
Zhang Ji’s note: The Stomach is the sea of the five Zang and six Fu organs; water and grain all enter the Stomach, and the five Zang and six Fu organs all receive Qi from the Stomach. Each of the five flavors travels to its preferred organ. Once the Qi of grain and fluids have circulated, Ying and Wei Qi flow freely and transmit sequentially downward. Wang Zilv said: Blandness attaches to Sweetness, therefore Blandness enters the Stomach.