禀春升之气以生，《本经》言∶其味苦，气平，无毒。然尝其味多带微涩，其气平
者，平，即凉也，入心，脾 肾三经。《十剂》去∶涩可去脱。非其味带涩，则不能止
血，非其气本凉则不以变白。发者血之余也，颜色者血之华也，血热则鬓发早白，而
颜枯槁脾弱，则困倦嗜卧，而气力不长，肾虚则筋骨软弱，而行步不前，入心凉血，入
脾益气，入肾益精，其云轻身长年，令人不饥者，非虚语矣。凡变白之药，多是气也。
苦寒有妨胃，谓惟南烛气味和平，兼能益脾，为修真家所须。子，味甘酸，真功效尤
胜枝叶，真变白驻颜轻身，却老之良药也。牧童食之止饥渴，亦一验矣。同旱莲草、没
食子、地黄、桑椹、枸杞、山茱、首乌、白蒺藜尤为乌须发之圣药。
南烛枝叶，又名草木之王，又名乌饭树叶。治大人一切风疾，多采煎汤。小儿误吞
铜钱，单用烧末，坚筋骨健行轻身，皓发变黑。《上元实经》曰∶“子服草木之王，气与
神通，子食青烛之津，命不复陨，此之谓也。”
禀火金之气，得南方之阳，受西方之阴、故味辛温大热，有毒。气味俱浓，阳
也。入手足太阴，兼入手厥阴经，故其主治皆脾、肺二经。外而肌肉皮毛，内而肠胃结
滞，得此辛温，内外俱解矣。其瘕结乳疾者，以能入右肾命门，补元阳相火，则 结
自消，疗鬼疰蛊毒，杀虫鱼蛇毒者，以其得阳气之正，能破一切幽暗阴毒矣。外邪散则
关节调，内病除则血脉通也。去核及闭口者，微炒出汗，乘热入竹筒中，捣去里面黄
壳取红用。
蜀椒，杀鬼疰蛊毒，虫鱼蛇毒，寒湿痹痛，温中下气，心腹留饮，宿食瘕结，字乳
余疾，耐寒暑，通腠里，除骨节皮肤死肌，疗伤寒温疟不止。上退两目翳膜，下驱六腑
沉寒。通血脉，开鬼门，仍调关节，坚齿发，暖腰膝，尤缩小便，理风邪，禁咳逆之
邪，治噫气，养中和之气，消水肿黄胆，止肠 痢红，不可多食，乏气失明，口闭者杀
人。蜀椒且能行渗道，不行谷道，行水治水肿，定痰喘，劫药敛汗捷方。叶和艾葱醋捣
烂。罨内外肾吊痛，敷 气伏梁。又种秦椒。主遍身恶风，散四肢痿痹，治口齿浮
肿动摇。喉痹吐逆，调产后腹痛余疾。经闭不通。
按∶川椒，禀火金之气，性下达命门，益下不冲上，盖导火归元。除湿消食，温脾
补肾之剂也。禀南方之阳，故入肾而扶阳益火，受西方之阴，故入肺而止嗽下气，乃玉
衡星之精，善辟疫伏邪，此岁且有椒柏酒也。若阴虚火旺之人，在所大忌。
（南烛枝叶）禀受春季升发之气而生。《神农本草经》记载：其味苦，气平，无毒。然而品尝其味道多带有微涩，所谓“气平”，即指凉性，入心、脾、肾三经。《十剂》指出：“涩可去脱”。若非其味带涩，则不能止血；若非其气本凉，则不能使头发变白。头发是血的余绪，面色是血的光华。血热则鬓发早白，面色枯槁；脾弱则困倦嗜卧，气力不足；肾虚则筋骨软弱，行走迟缓。南烛入心能凉血，入脾能益气，入肾能益精。所说的轻身延年、令人不饥，并非虚言。凡是能使头发变白的药物，大多具有这种特性。苦寒之药有碍胃气，唯有南烛气味平和，兼能益脾，为修道养生者所需。其果实，味甘酸，真正的功效尤其胜过枝叶，是真正能使白发变黑、驻颜轻身、抗衰老的良药。牧童食用它可以止饥渴，也是一个验证。与旱莲草、没食子、地黄、桑椹、枸杞、山茱萸、何首乌、白蒺藜同用，更是乌须发的圣药。
南烛枝叶，又名草木之王，又名乌饭树叶。治疗成人各种风疾，多采集煎汤服用。小儿误吞铜钱，单用烧成粉末，能坚筋骨、健行轻身，使白发变黑。《上元实经》说：“服食草木之王，气与神通；食用青烛的汁液，生命不再陨落，说的就是这种情况。”
（蜀椒）禀受火和金之气，得南方之阳，受西方之阴，所以味辛、温、大热，有毒。气味都很浓厚，属于阳。入手太阴肺经、手少阴心经（注：原文虽写手足太阴，但结合后文及常规归经，此处依原文直译并保留逻辑，通常蜀椒归脾胃肾经，原文表述可能有特定语境或笔误，此处忠实于原文“入手足太阴”翻译，但在中医理论中蜀椒主要归脾、胃、肾经，原文后半部分明确提到“主治皆脾、肺二经”，故前文“入手足太阴”可能指手太阴肺和足太阴脾），兼入手厥阴心包经，所以它的主治都涉及脾、肺二经。对外能解肌肉皮毛之邪，对内能解肠胃结滞，凭借它的辛温之性，内外之邪都能解除。对于瘕结、乳疾等病，因为它能入右肾命门，补元阳相火，则结聚自然消散；治疗鬼疰、蛊毒，杀虫鱼蛇毒，是因为它得阳气之正，能破除一切幽暗阴毒。外邪散则关节调和，内病除则血脉通畅。使用时需去核及闭口者，微炒至出汗，趁热放入竹筒中，捣去里面的黄壳，取红色的部分使用。
蜀椒，能杀鬼疰、蛊毒，虫鱼蛇毒，治疗寒湿痹痛，温中下气，治疗心腹留饮、宿食瘕结、产后余疾，耐寒暑，通腠理，除骨节皮肤死肌，治疗伤寒温疟不止。上行退两目翳膜，下行驱六腑沉寒。通血脉，开鬼门（汗孔），仍调关节，坚齿发，暖腰膝，尤其能缩小便，理风邪，禁咳逆之邪，治噫气，养中和之气，消水肿黄疸，止肠痢红。不可多食，否则乏气失明，口闭者杀人。蜀椒还能行渗道（尿道），不行谷道（消化道），行水治水肿，定痰喘，是劫药敛汗的捷方。叶子与艾叶、葱、醋捣烂，敷贴内外肾吊痛，敷治气伏梁。又有种秦椒，主遍身恶风，散四肢痿痹，治口齿浮肿动摇，喉痹吐逆，调产后腹痛余疾，经闭不通。
按语：川椒，禀受火金之气，性下达命门，益下而不冲上，大概是导火归元。它是除湿消食、温脾补肾的药剂。禀受南方之阳，所以入肾而扶阳益火；受西方之阴，所以入肺而止嗽下气，乃是玉衡星之精，善于辟疫伏邪，所以岁末有喝椒柏酒的习俗。若阴虚火旺之人，是大忌。
(Nanzhu Branches and Leaves) Born by inheriting the ascending qi of spring, *Ben Jing* states: its taste is bitter, its nature is neutral (Ping), and it is non-toxic. However, tasting it reveals a slightly astringent flavor; "neutral" here implies coolness. It enters the Heart, Spleen, and Kidney meridians. *Shi Ji* (Ten Categories) notes: "Astringency can treat incontinence/loss." Without its astringent flavor, it cannot stop bleeding; without its inherent coolness, it cannot turn hair white. Hair is the surplus of blood, and complexion is the brilliance of blood. Blood heat causes premature whitening of sideburns and withered complexion; Spleen deficiency leads to fatigue, drowsiness, and lack of strength; Kidney deficiency results in weak bones and tendons and slow walking. Entering the Heart, it cools blood; entering the Spleen, it benefits Qi; entering the Kidney, it nourishes Essence. The claims that it lightens the body, prolongs life, and reduces hunger are not empty words. Most herbs that turn hair white possess these properties. Bitter-cold herbs may hinder stomach function, whereas Nanzhu has a mild and harmonious flavor and also benefits the Spleen, making it essential for cultivators of longevity. Its fruit, sweet and sour, has effects even superior to the branches and leaves; it is a fine medicine for truly turning white hair black, preserving youth, lightening the body, and reversing aging. That shepherd children eat it to relieve hunger and thirst serves as another verification. Combined with Ecliptae Herba (Hanliancao), Myrobalan (Meishizi), Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang), Morus Fructus (Sangshen), Lycii Fructus (Gouqi), Corni Fructus (Shanzhuyu), Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Shouwu), and Tribuli Fructus (Bajili), it becomes a supreme medicine for darkening beard and hair.
Nanzhu Branches and Leaves, also known as the King of Plants or Wufan Tree Leaves, treats all wind diseases in adults; they are often collected and decocted in water. For children who accidentally swallow copper coins, used alone and calcined into powder, it strengthens bones and tendons, promotes mobility, lightens the body, and turns white hair black. *Shangyuan Shijing* says: "Consuming the King of Plants aligns one's qi with spiritual connection; ingesting the essence of Qingzhu ensures life does not perish. This is what is meant."
(Shujiao/Sichuan Pepper) Inheriting the qi of Fire and Metal, obtaining the Yang of the South, and receiving the Yin of the West, its taste is acrid, warm, and greatly hot, and it is toxic. Both its flavor and aroma are strong, belonging to Yang. It enters the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian, and additionally the Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian; thus, its therapeutic actions primarily target the Spleen and Lung meridians. Externally, it resolves pathogenic factors in muscles and skin; internally, it clears stagnation in the intestines and stomach. Through its acrid-warm nature, both external and internal obstructions are resolved. For masses and breast disorders, because it enters the Right Kidney Mingmen (Gate of Life) to tonify Original Yang and Ministerial Fire, the accumulations naturally dissipate. Treating Gui Zhu (wandering pestilence) and Gu poison, and detoxifying insect, fish, and snake venoms, is due to its possession of upright Yang Qi, which can break through all hidden yin poisons. When external pathogens scatter, joints become harmonized; when internal diseases are eliminated, blood vessels become unobstructed. Preparation requires removing pits and closed peppers, lightly stir-frying until moisture appears, placing them while hot into bamboo tubes, pounding away the yellow inner shell to use the red part.
Shujiao kills Gui Zhu, Gu poison, and insect/fish/snake venoms; treats cold-damp bi pain; warms the middle and directs rebellious Qi downward; treats retained fluid in the heart and abdomen, old food retention, mass formation, postpartum residual ailments; enhances resistance to cold and heat; opens interstices (Couli); removes dead flesh from joints and skin; treats persistent Shanghan and Wen Nue (warm malaria). Superiorly, it clears corneal opacity from the eyes; inferiorly, it drives out deep cold from the Six Fu organs. It unites blood vessels, opens the "Ghost Gates" (sweat pores), regulates joints, strengthens teeth and hair, warms waist and knees, particularly reduces urination, dispels wind pathogens, stops cough and rebellion of Qi, treats belching, nourishes harmonious Qi, reduces edema and jaundice, stops bloody dysentery. It must not be consumed in excess, as it causes Qi depletion, blindness, and mouth closure leading to death. Shujiao can promote flow through the urinary pathway but not the digestive tract; it moves water to treat edema, settles phlegm and wheezing, and is a rapid formula for seizing drugs and consolidating sweat. Leaves mashed with Mugwort, Scallion, and Vinegar applied externally or internally treat testicular hernia pain and Qi Fuliang (mass under diaphragm). There is also Qin Jiao (Qianjiao), which treats generalized aversion to wind, disperses flaccidity and bi in limbs, treats gum swelling and loosening, throat obstruction with vomiting, adjusts postpartum abdominal pain residuals, and amenorrhea.
Commentary: Chuan Jiao inherits the qi of Fire and Metal; its nature descends to the Mingmen, benefiting the lower jiao without rushing upward, effectively guiding fire back to its source. It is an agent for eliminating dampness, digesting food, warming the Spleen, and tonifying the Kidney. Inheriting Southern Yang, it enters the Kidney to support Yang and benefit Fire; receiving Western Yin, it enters the Lung to stop cough and direct Qi downward. It is the essence of the Yu Heng Star, good at warding off epidemic pathogens and latent evils, hence the custom of drinking Jiao Bai Wine at year's end. It is strictly contraindicated for those with Yin deficiency and hyperactive fire.