得火金之气，故其味苦辛性寒，无毒。阳中阴也，降也。入足太阴、厥阴。苦能泄
热，辛能散结，故为破血下气，血分气分之要药。
姜黄，性烈过郁金，入心治血，姜黄兼入脾，兼治气破血，立通下气最捷。一切结
气积气， 瘕瘀血，血闭痈疽并治。辛温能散，专理气中之血，内调心腹胀满，外疗手
臂疼痛。若血虚腹痛臂疼，而非瘀血凝滞者，用之反剧。
禀地中阴气，兼得乎天之微阳，故味苦、甘、酸，微寒，无毒。气薄味浓，沉而
降，阴也。入足厥阴、少阴、手足阳明经，为下部湿热肠风、便血、血热、血痢、疳痢
之要药。宜酒拌炒用。
地榆，虽理血症，惟治下焦妇人崩带，月经不断，小儿疳痢，肠风下血，痔漏来
红。但虚寒冷泻，崩带，切须忌服。
得土金之气，兼天之清和，故味甘、平，微寒，无毒。入手太阴、阳明，亦入手少阴。
百合，养脏益志，润肺宁心，逐惊悸时疫，除邪热消肿，敛久嗽，疗肺痿，止涕
泪，利二便，不独保肺之功。仲景定百合汤，治百合病，更有宁神清心之效也。
按∶久嗽之人，肺气必虚，虚则宜敛，百合之甘敛，胜于五味之酸敛多矣。《金匮》
云∶行住坐卧不定，如有神灵，谓之百合病，仲景以百合汤治之。则其清心安神，从
可想见，久服使人心志欢和，但肠滑者勿用。
姜黄：
禀受火与金的精气，所以它的味道苦、辛，性质寒凉，没有毒性。属于阳中有阴，主沉降。归入足太阴脾经和足厥阴肝经。苦味能泄热，辛味能散结，因此是破血行气、调理血分和气分的要药。
姜黄的药性猛烈超过郁金（Curcuma aromatica），主要入心经以治血，同时兼入脾经，既能理气又能破血，在通降下气方面最为迅速。各种气机郁结、积滞，以及癥瘕积聚、瘀血阻滞、经闭不通、痈疽等病症均可治疗。其辛温之性能发散，专门调理气中之血，对内可调和心胸腹胀满，对外可治疗手臂疼痛。如果是血虚引起的腹痛或手臂疼痛，而非瘀血凝滞所致者，使用姜黄反而会加重病情。
地榆：
禀受大地中的阴气，又兼得天上的微弱阳气，所以味道苦、甘、酸，性质微寒，没有毒性。气味轻薄而滋味浓厚，性质沉降，属阴。归入手足阳明经及足厥阴肝经、足少阴肾经，是治疗下部湿热、肠风便血、血热、血痢、小儿疳积痢疾的要药。适宜用酒拌炒后使用。
地榆虽然能调理血症，但主要用于治疗下焦妇女崩漏带下、月经淋漓不断，小儿疳积痢疾，肠风下血，痔疮漏脓出血。但是，对于虚寒引起的冷泻、崩漏带下，必须禁忌服用。
百合：
禀受土与金的精气，兼得天时的清和平和之气，所以味道甘、平，性质微寒，没有毒性。归入手太阴肺经、手阳明大肠经，也归入手少阴心经。
百合能滋养脏腑、益智安神，润肺宁心，驱除惊悸及时行疫病，清除邪热、消除肿胀，收敛久咳，治疗肺痿，止住涕泪，通利大小便，不仅仅有保肺的功效。张仲景制定的百合汤，用于治疗百合病，更有宁神清心的疗效。
按语：久咳的人，肺气必然虚弱，虚证宜用收敛之法，百合的甘缓收敛作用，比五味子的酸涩收敛作用更强。《金匮要略》中说：行走坐卧不安定，好像有神灵作祟，称为百合病，张仲景用百合汤治疗它。由此可以想见其清心安神的作用，长期服用能使人心志欢悦平和，但大便滑泄者不要使用。
Jianghuang (Turmeric):
It inherits the qi of Fire and Metal; therefore, its taste is bitter and pungent, its nature is cold, and it is non-toxic. It belongs to Yin within Yang and has a descending property. It enters the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian and the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. The bitter taste can drain heat, and the pungent taste can dissipate nodules; thus, it is an essential herb for breaking blood stasis and directing Qi downward, serving as a key medicine for both the Blood and Qi levels.
Jianghuang's medicinal nature is more potent than that of Yujin (Curcuma aromatica). It enters the Heart to treat blood disorders and also enters the Spleen, simultaneously regulating Qi and breaking blood stasis, making it the most rapid agent for descending Qi. It treats all types of stagnant Qi, accumulated Qi, masses (Zheng and Jia), blood stasis, amenorrhea, and carbuncles and sores. Its pungent and warm nature can disperse; it specifically regulates blood within Qi, internally harmonizing chest and abdominal fullness, and externally treating arm pain. However, if abdominal or arm pain is caused by Blood deficiency rather than blood stasis stagnation, using this herb will aggravate the condition.
Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix):
It inherits the Yin Qi from the earth and combines with the slight Yang Qi from heaven; therefore, its taste is bitter, sweet, and sour, its nature is slightly cold, and it is non-toxic. Its aroma is light while its flavor is strong; it sinks and descends, belonging to Yin. It enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. It is an essential herb for treating damp-heat in the lower jiao, intestinal wind with bloody stool, blood-heat, bloody dysentery, and pediatric malnutrition dysentery. It is suitable for use after being stir-fried with wine.
Although Diyu can regulate blood disorders, it is primarily used to treat leukorrhea and metrorrhagia in women due to lower jiao pathology, continuous menstruation, pediatric malnutrition dysentery, intestinal wind with rectal bleeding, and hemorrhoidal fistula bleeding. However, for loose stools due to deficiency-cold, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea, it must be strictly contraindicated.
Baihe (Lilii Bulbus):
It inherits the Qi of Earth and Metal, combined with the clear and harmonious Qi of Heaven; therefore, its taste is sweet and neutral, its nature is slightly cold, and it is non-toxic. It enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, and also the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian.
Baihe nourishes the Zang organs, benefits the will, moistens the Lungs, calms the Heart, dispels palpitations and epidemic febrile diseases, eliminates pathogenic heat and reduces swelling, arrests chronic cough, treats lung abscess/empyema (Fei Wei), stops rhinorrhea and lacrimation, promotes urination and defecation, and possesses functions beyond merely protecting the Lungs. Zhang Zhongjing formulated Baihe Tang to treat Baihe disease (Lily Disease), which further demonstrates its efficacy in calming the Spirit and clearing the Heart.
Note: Individuals with chronic cough inevitably have deficient Lung Qi. Deficiency requires astringency; the sweet astringent property of Baihe is superior to the sour astringent property of Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus). The *Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: "Restlessness in walking, standing, sitting, and lying down, as if possessed by spirits, is called Baihe disease." Zhang Zhongjing treated it with Baihe Tang. This illustrates its ability to clear the Heart and calm the Spirit. Long-term consumption brings joy and harmony to the mind and will, but it should not be used by those with loose bowels.