夫荣行脉中，卫行脉外，内外卫护，互为滋养，得天地生生之道，而无咎矣。然荣
卫根于元，元气固则荣卫于脉之内外，阴阳相济，而无间断，自能拘血附位，而功成
矣，若气在内，而外不及，则血载毒出为外剥，气在外而内不续，则血载毒入为内攻，
阳道虚，阴往从之，阴道虚，阳往从之，义也。是以荣卫者，气血之德也。气血者，痘
毒之庐也。痘毒者，气血之贼也。荣卫德盛，则力戕其贼，而庐舍全。荣卫德衰，则
贼肆其疟，而庐舍剥，血不能载则塌，气不能拘则陷，故治痘宜补气血，血生则内固，
气益则外旺，荣血得以随气之清培根于内，卫气得以顺血之清，保障于外矣。
夫人之一身，本乎荣卫，卫者阳气，所以开合橐龠运动枢机者也。荣者，阴血所以
充溢脏腑，灌溉肢体者也。故气虚则神机息，血虚则化源绝，然二者不可偏胜也。夫
痘疹之毒，本于五脏之液，各随经络、部位，直犯荣卫而出，因即气血从之，故观其
里来坚浓，窠囊充长者，气之足也。根芽红活，形色润泽者，血之足也。气血即足，则
痘易发、易靥，不须施治，以蹈实实之戒。如平陷嫩薄者，气之病也；干枯紫黑者，血
之病也，此宜责而治之，不可因循，以贻后悔。然脾胃者，气血之父也。心肾者，气血
之母也。肝肺者，气血之舍也。脾纳水谷，而悍气注于肾，舍于肺，而为卫以温肉分，
充皮毛，肥腠理，司开合也。若卫气虚则不起发，其毒乘气之虚而入于肺，肺受之则为
陷伏，而归于肾矣。抑脾纳水谷，其精气注于心而为血，归舍于肝，而为荣，以走九
窍，注六经，朝百脉也。若荣血虚则疮不光泽，其毒乘血之虚而入于肝，肝受之则为痒
塌，而归于心矣。故凡治此者，气病治气，血病治血，寒则温之，热测清之，虚则补
之，实则泻之，仍以脾胃为主，而不可犯之。凡寒凉解毒，伤胃泻心之药，不可轻用
也。
夫血之荣，如水之溶，周流灌溉，造化潜浮，无时止息，气之卫如域之坚，范围坚
固，浩然刚大，直养无害，痘之一症，始末俱赖乎荣卫，淫毒之攻侮，非血气不能以表
暴，形色之呈见，非血气不能以鼎峻，囊廓之布列，非血气不能以充贯，是以气血不可
相离，阴阳不可相犯，而有偏盛也。血阴宜下，气阳宜上，理之然也。苛痘以阴犯阳则
气失其平，而有焦紫疔斑之患，以阳凌阴，则血逐于邪，而至灰煤塌陷之危，偏胜于阳
阳为热，热伤气，气虚则为陷为伏，偏盛于
阴，阴为寒，寒则气血凝滞，不能生长矣。故痘之出，最宜气血调和，是以发热之时，
色将放标，欲其热缓气平，二便如常，两颊不甚赤，六脉不甚洪，见点累累，根肥顶
尖。色甚红活者，此气血调和之候也。自一日至二三日，无秽气，色泽光亮，以手按
之，坚累可数，日长一日，身无斑点，根脚不散者，是虽有咳嗽喷嚏，呵欠惊悸之候，
亦气血冲和之症也。自四日至六日，势如桃蕊，着露绽然可爱，肌不甚肿，饮食如常
者，气血充润之候也。自七日至九日，光润如珠，浆充神旺，顶足盘红，身虽热而不烦
口，口虽渴而不泻者，此气血安详之候也。自十日至十二日，根据部结痂，蜡色有神，二
便调实者，此气血坚凝之候也。自十三日至十六日，声朗目开，痂毒尽脱，热亦渐退
者，此气血还元之候也。如宜起胀之日，而平陷嫩薄，干枯紫黑，吐泻不时，惊搐烦
闷，或斑或 ，如浆充灌之日而浆清顶陷，根脚散漫，饮食少进，热极神昏，灰白无
脓，或焦枯肉肿，如将收靥之日，而不能结痂，泻利频作，声哑气促，嗽喘不食者，此
皆气血为病，荣卫不周，阴阳失序。必至毒内攻而脏腑绝，故气血实关乎痘，岂可忽
哉！若以诸疮皆属于心火，而以寒凉泻心为事，则血凝毒滞，心为君主，何能运一身之
血以成功耶。
荣气运行于脉管之中，卫气运行于脉管之外，内外相互护卫，彼此滋养，顺应天地生生不息的规律，就不会有灾祸。然而，荣气和卫气根源于元气（人体最根本的气），元气稳固，则荣卫在脉管内外阴阳互补，没有间断，自然能使血液约束并安守其位，从而发挥正常功能。如果气存在于体内而力量不能达于体表，则血液携带毒素外泄，导致痘疹外部溃破；如果气存在于体表而内部无法接续，则血液携带毒素内陷，导致毒邪向内攻伐。阳道虚弱时，阴气会趋向依附它；阴道虚弱时，阳气会趋向依附它，这是必然的道理。因此，荣卫是气血的功能表现（德性）。气血是痘毒寄居的场所。痘毒是侵害气血的贼寇。如果荣卫功能强盛，就能有力抵御贼寇，使寄居场所完整无损。如果荣卫功能衰弱，贼寇就会肆意肆虐，导致寄居场所溃败。血液无法承载则痘疹塌陷，气无法约束则痘疹下陷。所以治疗痘疹应当补益气血，血生则内部坚固，气足则外部旺盛，荣血能够随着气的清阳之气温养根基于内部，卫气能够顺着血的清阳之气保障于外部。
人的整个身体，根本在于荣卫。卫气属于阳气，负责开启和闭合、运动枢机（调节气机升降出入的关键枢纽）。荣气属于阴血，负责充盈脏腑、灌溉肢体。所以气虚则生命活动的动力停止，血虚则化生之源断绝，但这两者不可偏废。痘疹的毒邪，本源于五脏的津液，各自沿着经络和部位，直接侵犯荣卫并透发出来，随即气血随之响应。因此，观察痘疹内部坚实浓密，痘窠囊饱满隆起的，是气充足的表现。痘根红活，色泽润泽的，是血充足的表现。气血既然充足，则痘疹容易发出、容易结痂愈合，不需要特别施治，以免犯“实实”之戒（即对实证误用补法，使邪气更盛）。如果痘疹平塌凹陷、质地嫩薄，是气的病变；如果干枯紫黑，是血的病变，这种情况应当责备并治疗，不可拖延，以免留下后患。然而，脾胃是气血的父亲（生化之源）。心肾是气血的母亲（根本所在）。肝肺是气血的居所。脾摄入水谷精微，其中的悍气注入肾，储藏于肺，形成卫气以温煦肌肉腠理，充实皮毛，肥厚腠理，主管开合。如果卫气虚弱，则痘疹不能起发，毒邪乘气虚侵入肺，肺受邪则导致痘疹陷伏，进而归于肾。另外，脾摄入水谷，其精气注入心化为血，归藏于肝，形成荣气，流注九窍，灌注六经，汇聚百脉。如果荣血虚弱，则疮疡不光泽，毒邪乘血虚侵入肝，肝受邪则导致痘疹瘙痒塌陷，进而归于心的病变。所以凡是治疗这类疾病，气病治气，血病治血，寒证用温法，热证用清法，虚证用补法，实证用泻法，但仍以调理脾胃为主，不可违背这一原则。凡是寒凉解毒、损伤胃气、泻心火的药物，不可轻易使用。
血的荣润，像水的溶解流动一样，周流全身灌溉脏腑，造化潜藏浮越，没有时刻停止。气的卫护，像疆域的坚固一样，范围牢固，浩然刚大，直养无害。痘疹这一病症，从头到尾都依赖荣卫。淫毒的攻击侮辱，非气血不能将其表露于外；形色的呈现，非气血不能使其高耸显著；痘囊廓形的布列，非气血不能使其充满贯通。因此气血不可分离，阴阳不可相犯而出现偏盛。血属阴宜下行，气属阳宜上行，这是自然的道理。如果痘疹中阴邪侵犯阳分，则气失去平衡，出现焦紫疔斑的祸患；如果阳邪凌驾阴分，则血被邪气驱逐，导致灰白如煤塌陷的危险。偏盛于阳，阳即为热，热伤气，气虚则导致痘疹下陷或伏匿；偏盛于阴，阴即为寒，寒则导致气血凝滞，不能生长。所以痘疹发出，最适宜气血调和。因此在发热之时，痘色即将透出，希望热度缓和、气息平稳，大小便正常，两颊不太红赤，六脉不太洪大，痘点累累，根部肥大、顶部尖锐，颜色非常红活的，这是气血调和的征象。从第一日到第二三日，没有秽浊气味，色泽光亮，用手按压坚实可数，每天增长，身上无散乱斑点，根部不散开的，即使有咳嗽喷嚏、呵欠惊悸等症状，也是气血冲和的病症。从第四日到第六日，势态像桃花花蕊，带着露水绽放可爱，肌肉不太肿胀，饮食正常的，这是气血充润的征象。从第七日到第九日，光润如珠，浆液充盈、精神旺盛，顶部和根部盘绕红润，身体虽然发热但不烦躁，口虽然渴但不腹泻的，这是气血安详的征象。从第十日到第十二日，根据部位结痂，呈蜡色且有神气，大小便调实正常的，这是气血坚凝的征象。从第十三日到第十六日，声音洪亮、眼睛睁开，痂皮毒素完全脱落，发热也逐渐退去的，这是气血恢复元气的征象。如果在应该起胀的日子，却平陷嫩薄、干枯紫黑，不时呕吐腹泻，惊厥抽搐烦闷，或者出现斑疹；或者在浆液充盈的日子，却浆液清稀、顶部凹陷、根部散漫，饮食减少，热极神昏，灰白无脓，或者焦枯肉肿；或者在将要收靥的日子，却不能结痂，频繁腹泻，声音嘶哑气息急促，咳嗽气喘不能进食的，这些都是气血为病，荣卫不周全，阴阳失序。必然会导致毒邪内攻而脏腑衰竭，所以气血确实关乎痘疹生死，怎么可以忽视呢！如果认为所有疮疡都属于心火，而以寒凉泻心为主要手段，那么就会导致血液凝滞、毒邪停滞，心作为君主之官，怎么能运化一身之血来取得成功呢？
Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) circulates within the vessels, while Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) circulates outside the vessels. They mutually guard and nourish each other internally and externally, adhering to the way of heaven and earth generating life, thus avoiding disaster. However, Ying and Wei are rooted in Yuan Qi (Primary Qi). When Yuan Qi is solid, Ying and Wei complement each other yin-yang inside and outside the vessels without interruption, naturally enabling blood to be constrained and remain in its proper position, thereby completing their functions. If Qi exists internally but fails to reach the exterior, blood carries toxins out, resulting in external ulceration of the pox; if Qi exists externally but fails to connect internally, blood carries toxins inward, resulting in internal attack by pathogens. When the Yang path is deficient, Yin tends to follow it; when the Yin path is deficient, Yang tends to follow it; this is the principle. Therefore, Ying and Wei are the virtue (function/manifestation) of Qi and Blood. Qi and Blood are the dwelling place of Pox Toxin. Pox Toxin is the thief that harms Qi and Blood. When Ying and Wei virtue is strong, they have the power to destroy the thief, keeping the dwelling intact. When Ying and Wei virtue declines, the thief acts recklessly, causing the dwelling to collapse. If blood cannot carry [the eruption], it collapses; if Qi cannot constrain [the eruption], it sinks. Thus, treating pox should involve tonifying Qi and Blood. When blood generates, the interior becomes solid; when Qi increases, the exterior becomes vigorous. Ying Blood can follow the clear aspect of Qi to root itself internally, and Wei Qi can follow the clear aspect of Blood to protect externally.
The entire human body is based on Ying and Wei. Wei Qi is Yang Qi, responsible for opening and closing, and moving the pivot mechanisms (regulating the ascent, descent, exit, and entry of Qi dynamics). Ying Qi is Yin Blood, responsible for filling the Zang-Fu organs and irrigating the limbs. Therefore, Qi deficiency causes the cessation of Shen Ji (Spiritual Mechanism/Life activities), and Blood deficiency causes the extinction of Hua Yuan (Source of Transformation). However, these two cannot prevail over one another. The toxin of pox/rash originates from the fluids of the Five Zang organs, attacking Ying and Wei directly along meridians and specific sites to emerge, with Qi and Blood following suit. Therefore, observing the interior as firm and dense, with full and long pox sacs, indicates sufficient Qi. Observing the root and bud as red and lively, with moist and lustrous color, indicates sufficient Blood. If Qi and Blood are sufficient, the pox will easily erupt and scab over, requiring no treatment, to avoid the error of "treating excess with tonification" (adding fuel to fire). If the pox is flat, sunken, tender, and thin, it is a disease of Qi; if dry, purple, and black, it is a disease of Blood. In such cases, one must blame and treat them, not delaying, to avoid regret. However, Spleen and Stomach are the fathers (source of generation) of Qi and Blood. Heart and Kidney are the mothers (roots) of Qi and Blood. Liver and Lung are the dwellings of Qi and Blood. The Spleen receives water and grain, sending the fierce Qi to the Kidney, storing it in the Lung, forming Wei Qi to warm muscles and fenli (interstices), fill skin and hair, fatten fenli, and control opening and closing. If Wei Qi is deficient, it fails to rise and erupt; the toxin takes advantage of Qi deficiency to enter the Lung. If the Lung is affected, it leads to sinking and伏匿 (concealment), returning to the Kidney. Furthermore, the Spleen receives water and grain, sending its essence to the Heart to form Blood, which returns to the Liver to form Ying Qi, flowing through the nine orifices, pouring into the six channels, and gathering in the hundred vessels. If Ying Blood is deficient, the sores lack luster; the toxin takes advantage of Blood deficiency to enter the Liver. If the Liver is affected, it leads to itching and collapse, returning to the Heart. Therefore, in treating these conditions, treat Qi diseases by addressing Qi, treat Blood diseases by addressing Blood, use warming methods for cold, clearing methods for heat, tonifying methods for deficiency, and draining methods for excess, always prioritizing the Spleen and Stomach, and do not violate this. Medicines that are cold, cooling, detoxifying, damaging stomach Qi, or draining Heart Fire should not be used lightly.
The nourishment of Blood is like the dissolution of water, circulating and irrigating throughout, with creation hiding and floating, never ceasing. The defense of Qi is like the solidity of a territory, firmly encompassed, vast, rigid, and great, nurtured straightly without harm. The entire course of the pox syndrome relies on Ying and Wei. The attack of excessive toxins cannot be exposed outwardly without Qi and Blood; the manifestation of form and color cannot stand tall and prominent without Qi and Blood; the arrangement of pox sacs and outlines cannot be filled and connected without Qi and Blood. Therefore, Qi and Blood cannot be separated, and Yin and Yang cannot offend each other to become excessively prevalent. Blood, being Yin, suits descending; Qi, being Yang, suits ascending; this is the natural principle. If Yin offends Yang in pox, Qi loses its balance, leading to the danger of scorched purple thorn spots. If Yang overwhelms Yin, Blood is driven by pathogens, leading to the crisis of gray-black collapse. Excess in Yang means Heat; Heat damages Qi, and Qi deficiency leads to sinking and concealment. Excess in Yin means Cold; Cold causes Qi and Blood stagnation, preventing growth. Thus, the eruption of pox requires the harmonization of Qi and Blood most. Therefore, during fever, when colors are about to show, one hopes for mild heat and calm Qi, normal urination and defecation, cheeks not too red, and pulses not too surging. With numerous spots, fat roots, and pointed tops, and very red and lively colors, this is the sign of harmonious Qi and Blood. From day 1 to 2-3 days, without foul odor, bright luster, firm and countable upon touch, growing daily, without scattered spots on the body, and roots not dispersing, even if there are coughs, sneezes, yawning, and palpitations, it is still a symptom of harmonious Qi and Blood. From day 4 to 6, resembling peach buds, blooming lovely with dew, muscles not too swollen, and normal diet, this is the sign of abundant and moist Qi and Blood. From day 7 to 9, smooth and lustrous like pearls, full pulp and vigorous spirit, red coiling at top and base, body hot but not irritable, mouth thirsty but not diarrheic, this is the sign of peaceful Qi and Blood. From day 10 to 12, scabbing according to site, waxy color with spirit, normal and solid urination and defecation, this is the sign of solidified Qi and Blood. From day 13 to 16, loud voice, open eyes, complete shedding of scab toxins, and gradual retreat of fever, this is the sign of Qi and Blood returning to original state. If on the day of rising and swelling, the pox is flat, sunken, tender, thin, dry, purple-black, with frequent vomiting/diarrhea, convulsions, irritability, or macules; or on the day of pulp filling, the pulp is clear, top sunken, roots diffuse, diet reduced, extreme heat with coma, gray-white without pus, or scorched dryness with swollen flesh; or on the day of healing, unable to scab, frequent diarrhea, hoarse voice, shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, and inability to eat, these are all diseases of Qi and Blood, incomplete Ying and Wei, and disordered Yin and Yang. This will inevitably lead to internal attack of toxins and exhaustion of Zang-Fu organs. Thus, Qi and Blood indeed concern the pox severely; how can they be ignored! If one assumes all sores belong to Heart Fire and focuses on cold-cooling and draining Heart Fire, then Blood will congeal and toxins will stagnate. How can the Heart, as the Monarch, transport the Blood of the whole body to achieve success?