许元仲《三异笔谈》谓蔡孝廉 毒不饮酒，公车北上，苦寒饮烧酒，甘之，遂非此不饮，如
是者二十余年，一夕扃户寝，晌午犹不起，家人扶扉而入，室中 然，衾帐皆焦，半身烬矣，手
犹握烟管，竟与《本草》所载倚马焚身事同，盖烟火引线，倏如爆竹之发耳。又会稽陈端甫
学博庆儒言，其同乡某生，酒户甚大，一夕饮烧酒满罂，复吸水烟，忽火自腹发，骨肉半
成焦炭，嗜烧酒者，可以为戒。
鸦片烟为害甚巨，有大土小土之分，大土出于外国，《三异笔谈》述之详，云∶余在永
嘉知
库书，张元龙犯此欲绳之，诉曰∶已绝此二年，曾以办船料渡海至苏录国，亲见鸦片本质，
故毅然不敢食耳。询知其详，云∶国俗皆裸葬，一亩之地，百族共之，累积百年，其地之值
不赀矣。造法∶先掘土数丈，筑其底极坚，并四旁亦筑，取掘出之土，捣之极细，筛之极净
，曝之极干，乃于城中铺锻石一层，加土一层，罂粟瓣一层，糯米粥一层，覆以芦席，盖以
毡，再压以板，自春徂秋而成。以金易土，价目倍蓰，然大约吸数百年前陈人之膏血，故一
见誓死不再食也。绝之之法，以十全大补汤加鸦片灰，俟瘾发时服之，初甚委顿，渐服渐愈，两月余复初。
吴晓钲言∶有族叔椿龄习岐黄家言，乙卯秋，以时疾卒。其司会计者曰吴梅阁，性不羁，吸
洋烟，偶至友人倪梅岑家，倪适他出，假寐以俟，忽梦椿龄至曰∶子将有难，能戒鸦片烟则
免。余授此方，出一红纸示之，上书“人参、枳 子、赤糖各一钱，每日煎汤服之”十六字
，戒曰∶七日不见烟具，则瘾绝矣，毋蹈故辙也。醒后根据方服之果效。晓钲素执无鬼论者，
及闻梅阁口述是事，乃信史迁有物之言，洵不诬也。余按∶人参补肺气，赤糖消烟积，用之
甚当，枳 子世第知其解酒毒，然陈藏器言其解渴除烦，去膈上热，润五脏，功用同蜂蜜，
则其所长，不第能治酒病也，况鸦片烟性热燥烈，视酒尤甚，用此治之，殊有至理。
许元仲在《三异笔谈》中记载，蔡孝廉原本不喝酒。他乘公车北上时，因苦于寒冷而饮用烧酒（蒸馏白酒），觉得味道甘甜，从此非此不饮，这样持续了二十多年。一天夜里，他关上门睡觉，直到中午还不起床，家人推门进去，发现室内烟雾缭绕，被褥和帐幔都烧焦了，他的半身已经烧毁，手中还握着烟管，这竟然与《本草》中记载的“倚马焚身”的事情相同，大概是因为烟火引线，瞬间就像爆竹爆炸一样。
又会稽人陈端甫学博庆儒说，他的同乡某位书生，酒量很大。一天晚上，他喝满了一罂烧酒，又吸起水烟，忽然火从腹中发出，骨肉一半变成了焦炭。嗜好喝烧酒的人，可以以此为戒。
鸦片烟的危害非常大，有大土、小土之分。大土出产自外国，《三异笔谈》中有详细叙述，说道：“我在永嘉担任知库书一职时，张元龙犯了吸食鸦片的罪，本想绳之以法，他申诉说：‘我已经断绝这种习惯两年了，曾经为了办理船料渡海到苏录国，亲眼见过鸦片的本质，所以毅然不敢再吃。’询问他详情，他说：‘该国风俗都是裸葬，一亩之地，百族共用，累积百年，那地方的价值不可估量。’制作方法：先挖掘数丈深的土，将底部筑得极坚固，四周也筑实，取挖出的土，捣得极细，筛得极净，晒得极干，然后在城中铺一层锻石，加一层土，一层罂粟瓣，一层糯米粥，盖上芦席，盖以毡子，再用板压住，从春天到秋天才制成。用金子换土，价格数倍于此，但大约吸收的是几百年前死人的膏血，所以一见就发誓死也不再吃。”断绝瘾癖的方法，是用十全大补汤加入鸦片灰，等到瘾发作时服用，起初非常虚弱疲惫，逐渐服用后渐渐痊愈，两个多月后恢复如初。
吴晓钲说：有位族叔椿龄研习中医医术，乙卯年秋天，因时令疾病去世。负责会计的人叫吴梅阁，性格不拘束，吸食洋烟。偶然到朋友倪梅岑家，倪恰好外出，吴梅阁假睡等待，忽然梦见椿龄来到说：“你将有灾难，如果能戒除鸦片烟就能免除。”我传授给你这个方子，拿出一张红纸给他看，上面写着“人参、枳椇子、赤糖各一钱，每日煎汤服用”十六个字，告诫说：“七天不见烟具，那么瘾就断了，不要重蹈覆辙。”醒来后按照方子服用果然有效。吴晓钲向来坚持无鬼论，等到听到梅阁口述这件事，才相信司马迁所说的“有物”的话，确实没有欺骗啊。我按语认为：人参补肺气，赤糖消除烟积，使用得很恰当。枳椇子世人只知道它能解酒毒，然而陈藏器说它能解渴除烦，去除膈上热，滋润五脏，功用同蜂蜜，那么它的长处，不仅仅是能治疗酒病罢了，况且鸦片烟性热燥烈，比酒更甚，用这个来治疗它，非常有道理。
Xu Yuanzhong, in *San Yi Bi Tan* (Notes on Three Anomalies), records that Cailiao Cai originally did not drink alcohol. When he traveled north by official carriage, suffering from the cold, he drank shaojiu (distilled liquor) and found it sweet, thereafter refusing to drink anything else. This continued for over twenty years. One night, after locking his door to sleep, he remained in bed until noon. His family pushed open the door and entered, finding the room filled with smoke; the bedding and curtains were scorched, half of his body was burned, yet his hand still held a smoking pipe. This incident coincided with the case recorded in *Bencao* (Materia Medica) of someone burning to death while leaning against a horse, likely because the tobacco fuse ignited as suddenly as a firecracker.
Chen Duanfu, a learned scholar from Kuaiji named Qingru, stated that a fellow townsman, a certain scholar, had a large capacity for alcohol. One evening, after drinking a full jar of shaojiu and subsequently smoking water pipe tobacco, fire suddenly erupted from his abdomen, turning half of his flesh and bones into charcoal. Those who are addicted to shaojiu should take this as a warning.
The harm caused by opium is immense, divided into "large earth" and "small earth." Large earth originates from foreign countries, as detailed in *San Yi Bi Tan*: "While serving as Keeper of the Archives in Yongjia, Zhang Yuanlong committed the offense of consuming opium. I intended to punish him according to law, but he appealed, saying, 'I have abstained from this for two years. I once traveled by sea to the country of Suluo to procure ship materials and personally witnessed the raw nature of opium; therefore, I dared not consume it.' Upon asking for details, he explained: 'In that country, the custom is naked burial. One acre of land is shared by hundreds of clans. Accumulated over a century, the value of such land is incalculable.' The manufacturing method is as follows: Dig several zhang deep, compact the bottom extremely firmly, and reinforce the sides. Take the excavated soil, pound it to extreme fineness, sieve it to extreme purity, and dry it thoroughly. Then, lay a layer of forged stone in the city, followed by a layer of soil, a layer of poppy petals, and a layer of glutinous rice porridge. Cover with reed mats, then felt, and press down with boards. It takes from spring to autumn to complete. Exchanging gold for this earth yields prices several times higher, yet it essentially absorbs the marrow and blood of people from centuries past; thus, upon seeing it, one vows never to eat it again." The method to cure the addiction is to use Shiquan Dabu Tang (Decoction of Ten Complete Tonics) mixed with opium ash, taken when cravings strike. Initially, the patient feels very weak and fatigued, but gradually recovers with continued administration, returning to normal after more than two months.
Wu Xiaozheng stated: A clan uncle, Chunling, studied the art of Qihuang (Traditional Chinese Medicine). In the autumn of the Yimao year, he died of an epidemic disease. The accountant, Wu Meige, whose nature was unrestrained, smoked foreign opium. He once visited the home of his friend Ni Meicen. As Ni was out, Meige dozed off waiting. He suddenly dreamed that Chunling appeared and said, "You will face disaster; if you can quit opium, you will be spared." I will teach you this prescription," handing him a red paper inscribed with sixteen characters: "Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Zhi Ju Zi (Hovenia Dulcis Seed), Chi Tang (Brown Sugar), each 1 qian; decoct in water and take daily." He warned, "If you do not see smoking implements for seven days, the addiction will break; do not repeat old mistakes." Upon waking, he followed the prescription and it proved effective. Wu Xiaozheng, who previously adhered to atheism, believed Sima Qian's statement about spiritual entities after hearing Meige recount this event, confirming it was not false. My commentary notes: Ren Shen tonifies Lung Qi, and Chi Tang eliminates smoke accumulation; their use is appropriate. People generally know only that Zhi Ju Zi resolves alcohol toxicity. However, Chen Cangqi stated that it quenches thirst, relieves irritability, removes heat above the diaphragm, and moistens the five zang organs, functioning similarly to honey. Thus, its merits extend beyond merely treating alcohol-related ailments. Furthermore, since opium has a hot, dry, and fierce nature, even more so than alcohol, using this prescription to treat it is highly logical.