妊娠恶阻①用之良。呕血皆因胃火炽，脉来洪数呕连绵，急用二陈（汤）加枳实,竹茹姜汁炒黄连。若还药石难吞下，槟榔少许木香煎。五六日来呕不休，心中胀闷手难揉，多加枳（实）（厚）朴（黄）芩（黄）连（白）芍，便秘（芒）硝（大）黄一服瘳。嘈杂嗳气一般看，胸中积热与停痰，石膏香附并（南）星藿(香)，二陈（汤）加减有何难。闷胀吞酸与吐酸，本方加入炒萸连。水停心下名为饮，枳（实）茯（苓）猪苓利二便。此是二陈（汤）加减方，休将浪与及轻传。
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小柴胡汤加减歌
柴胡半夏(人)参(黄)芩(甘)草，少阳经病诚为宝，往来寒热日晡时，呕而胁痛用之好。本经合病在阳明，口渴而烦干呕频，目痛鼻干眠不得，葛根知（母）（白）芍炒黄芩。心中痞满热犹盛，枳（实）桔（梗）加之有功效。若还痞满不能宽，小陷胸汤②可兼并。汗少唇焦口干渴，饮水无休倚（黄）连（干）葛，若还不解却如何？竹茹石膏加一撮。汗后浑身壮热烦，妄言干呕更呻吟，黄连解毒（汤）同煎食，一服顷刻即太平。烦渴泻利热又增，却用原方配四苓（散），若是发黄小便赤，（黄）芩（黄）连知（母）（黄）柏再加增。
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②小陷胸汤见16页。
大便硬兮口渴涸，黄连厚朴瓜蒌（枳）壳；若还便结不通时，大柴胡汤①用无错。身热恶风口不干，本方须合桂枝汤②。若是唇焦烦渴甚，石膏知母（汤）③配原方④。胸烦不呕减（半）夏（人）参，本方倍入瓜蒌仁。渴除半夏加知（母）（花）粉。腹痛加（白）芍去黄芩。胁热腹痛（黄）连（白）芍炒。痰多贝母瓜蒌保。呕加姜汁竹沥陈（皮）。咳嗽须加五味好。胁下硬痛加青（皮）（牡）蛎。茯（苓）主溺难心下悸。痞而胸胁胀满时，（牡）蛎及干姜书家秘。胸满而咳去（人）参（大）枣，须加五味（子）干姜好。津虚发热多饮水，麦（冬）（五）味（子）加之（人）参去了。胃虚不实大便溏，芍药猪苓两物帮。遗精不固阴虚弱，牡蛎还添知（母）（黄）柏良。潮热不渴欲近衣，减却人参用桂枝。春温发热嗽而渴，五味（子）瓜蒌去半（夏）宜。温病恶热不恶寒，柴（胡）（人）参去了茯苓攒，桂枝葛（根）（白）芍升麻（大）枣，咽疼还须甘（草）桔梗尝。过经⑤胸胁满呕潮，柴胡汤内加芒硝。温疟渴烦兼恶热，石膏知母（汤）（小）柴胡（汤）调。伤寒日久为过经，表里俱无用此行，若是邪多元气弱，重加麦（冬）（五）味及人参。
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①大柴胡汤见15页。
②桂枝汤见15页。
④原方；指小柴胡汤。
③过经：《伤寒论》"伤寒十三日不解，胸胁满而呕...潮热者实也，先以小柴汤以解外，后以柴胡加芒硝汤主之"。
痊后又因劳食复，壮热心悸痰气促，还须温胆（汤）配原方①，急服令人愈最速。发热昼安而夜剧，名为邪热入血室，牡丹（皮）生地（黄）柏（黄）连栀（子），知母当归还可给。若还昼剧而夜安，知母（黄）连栀（子）地骨（皮）看。日夜潮热俱不退，方加四物（汤）共栀（子）（黄）连。汗后津枯二便秘，除却半夏加生地，（黄）芩（白）术陈（皮）（当）归（白）芍麦冬，若还燥甚烦他治。主方何以柴（胡）（黄）芩列？味苦以发转邪热，止呕除痰半夏宜，性能下气味辛烈。表不足兮缓以甘，人参甘草缓中央。调和营卫须姜枣，和解无如用此良。
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①原方：指小柴胡汤
平胃散加减歌
平胃陈（皮）苍（术）厚（朴）（甘）草寻，健脾燥湿用调停，胸前饱闷如伤食，嘈杂吞酸总可行。饮食失节脾胃伤，香（附）砂（仁）枳实木香帮。食积麦芽神曲炒，肉积山查草果良。生冷瓜果如停滞，更入干姜青皮是。酒伤（黄）连葛（花）乌梅加。呕吐丁（香）（乌）海藿（香）半（夏）记。热积停兮便不通，槟榔枳实大黄攻。若还冷积难消化，（干）姜（肉）桂莪（术）三棱巴豆供。湿热相蒸口作酸，香（附）砂（仁）还要炒黄连，吴萸栀（子）枳（实）同煎入，嘈杂须加（川）芎（白）芍餐。异乡水土不相宜，加入香（附）砂（仁）藿（香）半（夏）奇，吐泻更添（茯）苓（白）术好，炒苡（仁）山药及乌梅。泄泻如逢谷不化，五苓①配合真无价。食停倒饱是脾虚，异功②更人香砂下。霍乱吐泻用何方？去苍（术）换白（术）二陈襄，腹皮紫苏藿香（白）芷，生姜大枣水煎尝③。转筋再用木瓜帮，腹痛还宜（白）芍木香．冷痛干姜加肉桂，痞满青皮枳实良。不吐不泻干霍乱．本方加入香（附）砂（仁）拌，木香枳（壳）（肉）桂藿（香）（干）姜（紫）苏，腹中硬痛槟（榔）（山）查验。胃寒呕吐入丁香，肉桂干姜用最良，虚汗唇青四肢冷，去除加附（子）及茴香。
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①五苓散：茯苓、猪苓、白术、泽泻、桂，与平胃散配合，名胃苓汤。
①异功散：人参、茯苓、白术、陈皮、甘草，主要作用在温中和气；与平胃散、香附、砂仁配合，成为温中、补脾、燥湿、化食的方剂。
②平胃散去苍术，加白术、半夏、茯苓、大腹皮、紫苏、藿香、白芷、生姜、大枣，名藿香正气散。治霍乱吐泻。
病因赋
夫百病之生也，各有其因，因有所感，则显其症。症者病之标；因者病之本。故《内经》有曰："知标本者，万举万当。未知标本，是谓妄行"。盖百病皆生于六气，诸症莫逃乎四因。伤寒症传变六经，必须熟认。瘟疫病感冒四气，务要先明。内伤脾胃者，辨有余与不足。外感热病者，知夏热与春温。卒中风因有四端，治分三中。破伤风原有三种，治别三经。中暑有动静之异。受湿有内外之分。火有七说，痰有十因，气有九论，郁有六名。疟犯暑风，更兼痰食。痢因湿热，及受积停。呕吐者，胃气逆而不下。泄泻者，脾气伤而不平。霍乱，脾寒伤食所致。痞满，脾倦积湿而成。呃逆者，胃气之不顺。咳嗽者，肺气之不清。嗳气皆由于痰火。咽酸尽为乎食停。中满臌胀者，脾虚不运。噎膈翻胃者，气食相凝。喘急有虚有实。痉症有阴有阳。五积六聚，总是气凝其痰血。五劳六极，皆是火烁乎天真。吐血出于胃腑。衄血本乎肺经。痰涎血，属于脾脏。咯唾血，属于肾经。牙宣者，阳明之热极。舌衄者，少阴之火生。腹中窄狭，而痰火各别。胸中烦热，而虚实可分。惊悸，痰迷恐惧所致。健忘，血少忧郁而成。癫狂者，分心肝之热极。痫症者，寻痰火之重轻。便浊有赤白之异。汗出有自盗之名。九种心疼，痛在胃脘。七般疝气，病在厥阴。胁痛有两边之别。头风有左右之分。腰痛肾虚而或闪挫。腹痛寒气而或食停。痿症不足与湿热。痹症寒湿与风乘。四种遗精，心肾不能既济。五般黄疸，湿热熏蒸而成。眩晕者无痰不作。消渴者无火不生。不寐者，痰火旺而血少。多睡者，脾胃倦而神昏。大便秘乃血液燥结。小便闭乃气滞不行。痔疾、肠风湿热所致。发斑、瘾疹风热所成。耳聋者肾虚之故。目疾者肝火之因。齿疼乃胃热虫蛀、喉痹乃火动痰生。鼻塞者肺气之不利。口疮者脾火之游行。女人经水不调皆是气逆。妇人心烦潮热多是郁生。带下沙淋由于湿热。崩漏下血为损任冲。胎孕不安治有二理。产后发热原有七团。兹有七十四种之病，略举其概而赋云。欲知其备，后论详明。看方犹看律，用药如用兵，机无轻发，学贵专精。
六气者，风、热、湿、火、燥、寒也。《原病式》①云；"诸暴强直②、支痛③，緛戾④、里急、筋缩，皆属于风。足厥阴风木乃肝胆之气也。
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①《原病式》：即《素间玄机原病式》。是刘河间根据《素问》及王大仆注摘辑。
②暴：突然。强直：肌肉僵硬，屈转不便。
③支痛：筋肉拘挛，不柔作痛，须忍痛支持。
④緛：ruan3（音软）。当缩字讲。戾：是乖戾。緛戾：是说筋缩里急、乖戾失常。
诸病喘、呕、吐酸、暴注、下迫①、转筋、小便混浊、腹胀大鼓之如鼓、痈疽疡疹、瘤气②结核、吐下霍乱、瞀郁、肿胀、鼻窒③鼽衄④、血溢、血泄⑤、淋秘⑥、身热恶寒、战栗、惊惑、悲笑谵妄、
诸痉强直、积饮、痞隔中满、霍乱吐下，体重胕肿肉如泥按之不起，皆属于湿。足太阴湿土乃脾胃之气也。
诸热瞀瘛⑧、暴瘖⑨、冒眛⑩、躁扰⑾、狂越⑿、骂詈惊骇、胕肿疼酸、气逆冲上、禁栗⒀如丧神守、
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②瘤气：也叫赤瘤丹。
④鼽：qiu1（音裘）。鼻流清涕。衄：在这是鼻孔流血。
⑥淋：小便淋涩。秘：大便秘结。
⑦蔑：mie4（音灭）。污：wu1（音乌）。衄蔑血污：是衄出黑血。
⑨瘖：yin1（音音）。暴瘖：骤然声哑说不出话来。
⑩冒眛：昏愦的意思。
⑿狂越：精神错乱，言行失常。
嚏、呕、疮疡、喉痹、耳鸣及聋、呕涌①溢食不下、目眛不明、暴注、瞤瘛②、暴病暴死，皆属于火。手少阳相火之热乃心包络三焦之气也。
诸涩枯涸、干劲皴揭③，皆属于燥。手阳明燥金乃肺与大肠之气也。
诸病上下所出水液澄彻清冷、□（病去丙换征）瘕、□（病去丙换颓）疝、坚痞、腹满急痛、下利清白、食已不饥、吐利腥秽、屈伸不便厥逆禁固④；皆属于寒。足太阳寒水乃肾与膀胱之气也。"
风有风寒、风热。风寒者，发散祛风，则风自解。风热者，疏散热郁，则风自平。热有虚热、实热、热郁。虚热者补之，实热者泄之，郁热者散之。湿有寒湿、风湿、湿热、湿气。寒湿者热药燥之，风湿者风药胜之，湿热者寒药清利之，湿气者气药通畅之。寒有内寒、外寒、虚寒。内寒者温中为急，外寒者发表为先，虚寒者壮阳兼固本。燥有热燥、寒燥、风燥。热燥者清热，寒燥者温经，风燥者祛风，亦必以养血润燥之药为君。
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①涌：东西向上升。
②瞤（音闰）。瞤瘛：肌肉跳动抽搐。
③皴：cun（音村）。皴揭：皮肤启裂。
诸症莫逃乎四因
四因者，气、血、痰、食也。丹溪①治病：用四君汤以治气，四物汤以治血，二陈汤以治痰，平胃散以治食，多用此四方为主，更参以郁法治之，故药不繁，而多中于病。
霜降以后春分前，伤寒即病六经②传，传过六经当自愈③，请观素问④不虚言。若然两感伤寒症，一日两经表里病，水浆不入不知人，六日之间当殒命。是故伤寒不服药，待过七日无差错；七日之中一剂差，变成坏症终耽搁。阳盛格阴①须细察，阴盛格阳②必须研。表里阴阳明的确，汗、温、吐、下用无偏。
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①丹溪：朱震亨、字彦修。元、义鸟人，学者尊之曰丹溪翁。发明相火的根源，为阳常有余阴常不足之论。著有《宋论》、《格致余论》、《局方发挥》、《伤寒论辩》、《外科精要发挥》《本草衍义补遗》、《金匮钩玄》、《脉诀指掌病式图说》、《活法机要》、《脉因证治》等书。门人又集其绪论，为《丹溪心法》、《丹溪医要》、《丹溪治法》、《丹溪治法心要》等书。
③传过六经当自愈，指传过六经，险期已过。可不药而愈也。"是故伤寒不服药，待过七日无差错"之意亦同。
④《素问》：是我国古老的一部医书，与《灵枢》合称《黄帝内经》。作者姓名不详，据后人考证，认为是战国时候的作品。
太阳经证用药诀
太阳经证恶寒先，身热头疼脊痛连。有汗伤风脉浮缓③，无汗伤寒脉紧弦。无汗麻黄汤可汗，汗多宜以桂枝④煎，时药香苏（饮）加减用，对经中病即时痊。初病原来是太阳，即宜发表便安康，若然误用阳明药，引入肌中热不凉。
阳明经证用药决
妊娠期间出现恶阻（怀孕后呕吐）症状，使用此方效果良好。呕血都是由于胃火炽盛所致，脉象洪大而数，呕吐连绵不断，应立即使用二陈汤（燥湿化痰、理气和中的基础方）加入枳实、竹茹，以及用姜汁炒过的黄连。如果药物难以吞咽，可用少许槟榔和木香煎服。如果五六天来呕吐不停，心中胀闷难受甚至手难触碰，应多加枳实、厚朴、黄芩、黄连和白芍；若伴有便秘，服用一次含有芒硝和大黄的方剂即可痊愈。嘈杂感和嗳气通常视为同一类病证，这是胸中积热与停痰所致，使用石膏、香附、制南星和藿香，配合二陈汤加减治疗并不困难。胸闷胀满、吞酸和吐酸，在本方中加入炒吴茱萸和黄连。水饮停滞在心下称为“饮”，使用枳实、茯苓和猪苓来通利大小便。这就是二陈汤的加减方，切勿随意流传或轻率使用。
小柴胡汤加减歌诀
小柴胡汤由柴胡、半夏、人参、黄芩、甘草组成，是治疗少阳经病的宝贵方剂，对于往来寒热、日晡时（下午3-5点）发热、呕吐且胁痛的症状使用效果很好。如果本经病合并阳明经病，出现口渴、烦躁、频繁干呕、眼睛疼痛、鼻子干燥、无法安睡等症状，应在原方基础上加入葛根、知母、白芍和炒黄芩。如果心中痞塞满闷且热势仍盛，加入枳实和桔梗会有功效。如果痞满不能缓解，可以兼用小陷胸汤。如果汗出少、嘴唇焦裂、口干渴，饮水不止，依靠黄连和干葛根；如果症状仍未解除怎么办？加入竹茹和石膏一撮。发汗后全身壮热烦躁，胡言乱语、干呕并呻吟，将黄连解毒汤同煎服用，一次服药顷刻间即可恢复平静。如果烦渴、腹泻、痢疾且热势增加，却使用原方配合四苓散；如果出现发黄且小便赤红，增加黄芩、黄连、知母和黄柏。
大便坚硬且口渴津液枯竭，使用黄连、厚朴和瓜蒌壳（加枳壳）；如果大便结滞不通，使用大柴胡汤不会出错。身体发热、怕风但口不干，本方必须合用桂枝汤。如果嘴唇焦裂、烦渴严重，将石膏知母汤配入原方。如果胸中烦闷但不呕吐，减去半夏和人参，本方加倍加入瓜蒌仁。口渴消除后减去半夏，加入知母和天花粉。腹痛加入白芍，去掉黄芩。胁部热痛加入炒黄连和白芍。痰多使用贝母和瓜蒌保治。呕吐加入姜汁、竹沥和陈皮。咳嗽必须加入五味子。胁下硬痛加入青皮和牡蛎。茯苓主治小便困难和心下悸动。痞塞且胸胁胀满时，牡蛎和干姜是医家的秘密方。胸满且咳嗽，去掉人参和大枣，必须加入五味子和干姜。津液虚损发热且多饮水，加入麦冬和五味子，去掉人参。胃虚不实导致大便溏薄，用芍药和猪苓两味药帮助。遗精不固因阴虚弱，牡蛎加上知母和黄柏效果好。潮热但不渴，想穿衣物，减去人参改用桂枝。春温发热且咳嗽口渴，五味子和瓜蒌合适，去掉半夏适宜。温病怕热不怕冷，去掉柴胡和人参，保留茯苓，加入桂枝、葛根、白芍和升麻、大枣，咽喉疼痛还需甘草和桔梗。经过传经周期后胸胁满闷、呕吐且潮热，在柴胡汤内加入芒硝。温疟口渴烦躁兼怕热，用石膏知母汤和小柴胡汤调治。伤寒日久称为过经，表里俱虚无用此行，如果邪气多而元气弱，重加麦冬、五味子及人参。
痊愈后又因劳累和饮食不当复发，出现壮热、心悸、痰气急促，还需要温胆汤配合原方（指小柴胡汤），急服让人痊愈最快。发热白天缓解而夜间加重，名为邪热入血室，使用牡丹皮、生地、黄柏、黄连和栀子，知母和当归也可以给予。如果还表现为白天加重而夜间安宁，看知母、黄连、栀子和地骨皮。日夜潮热都不退，方中加入四物汤共煮栀子和黄连。发汗后津液枯竭导致大小便便秘，除去半夏，加入生地、黄芩、白术、陈皮、当归、白芍和麦冬，如果燥热严重则难以治疗。主方为什么列柴胡和黄芩？因为味道苦能发散转解邪热，止呕除痰适宜用半夏，其性能下行，气味辛烈。表气不足应当用甘缓之药，人参和甘草能缓和中央脾胃。调和营卫需要生姜和大枣，和解没有比这更好的了。
平胃散加减歌诀
平胃散由陈皮、苍术、厚朴、甘草组成，用于健脾燥湿进行调理，胸前饱闷如同伤食，嘈杂吞酸总可行得通。饮食失节损伤脾胃，加入香附、砂仁、枳实和木香帮助。食积使用炒麦芽和神曲，肉积使用山楂和草果良效。生冷瓜果如停滞，更加入干姜和青皮。酒伤加入黄连、葛花和乌梅。呕吐记住丁香、乌药、藿香和半夏。热积停滞导致大便不通，用槟榔、枳实和大黄攻下。如果是冷积难以消化，提供干姜、肉桂、莪术、三棱和巴豆。湿热相蒸导致口作酸，香附和砂仁还要炒黄连，吴茱萸、栀子和枳实同煎入，嘈杂须加入川芎和白芍食用。异乡水土不相宜，加入香附、砂仁、藿香和半夏很奇妙，吐泻更添茯苓和白术好，炒薏苡仁、山药及乌梅。泄泻如果遇到谷物不化，五苓散配合真是无价之宝。食停倒饱是脾虚，异功散更加入香砂下。霍乱吐泻用什么方？去掉苍术换白术，配合二陈汤，加上大腹皮、紫苏、藿香、白芷，生姜大枣水煎尝。转筋再用木瓜帮助，腹痛还宜用白芍和木香。冷痛加干姜和肉桂，痞满用青皮和枳实良效。不吐不泻的干霍乱，本方加入香附和砂仁拌，木香、枳壳、肉桂、藿香、干姜、紫苏，腹中硬痛查验槟榔和山楂。胃寒呕吐加入丁香，肉桂和干姜用最良，虚汗、嘴唇青紫、四肢冷，去除原药加入附子和茴香。
病因赋
各种疾病的产生，各有其原因，因有所感受，则显现其症状。症状是病的标象；原因是病的根本。所以《内经》说：“知道标本的，万举万当；不知道标本的，这叫妄行。”大概百病都生于六气，诸症逃不出四因。伤寒症传变六经，必须熟识。瘟疫病感冒四气，务必要先明白。内伤脾胃者，辨别有余与不足。外感热病者，知道夏热与春温。卒中风原因有四端，治疗分三中。破伤风原有三种，治疗别三经。中暑有动静之异。受湿有内外之分。火有七说，痰有十因，气有九论，郁有六名。疟疾犯暑风，更兼痰食。痢疾因湿热，及受积停。呕吐者，是胃气逆而不下。泄泻者，是脾气伤而不平。霍乱，是脾寒伤食所致。痞满，是脾倦积湿而成。呃逆者，是胃气之不顺。咳嗽者，是肺气之不清。嗳气皆由于痰火。咽酸尽为乎食停。中满臌胀者，是脾虚不运。噎膈翻胃者，是气食相凝。喘急有虚有实。痉症有阴有阳。五积六聚，总是气凝其痰血。五劳六极，皆是火烁乎天真。吐血出于胃腑。衄血本乎肺经。痰涎血，属于脾脏。咯唾血，属于肾经。牙宣者，是阳明之热极。舌衄者，是少阴之火生。腹中窄狭，而痰火各别。胸中烦热，而虚实可分。惊悸，是痰迷恐惧所致。健忘，是血少忧郁而成。癫狂者，分心肝之热极。痫症者，寻痰火之重轻。便浊有赤白之异。汗出有自盗之名。九种心疼，痛在胃脘。七般疝气，病在厥阴。胁痛有两边之别。头风有左右之分。腰痛肾虚而或闪挫。腹痛寒气而或食停。痿症不足与湿热。痹症寒湿与风乘。四种遗精，心肾不能既济。五般黄疸，湿热熏蒸而成。眩晕者无痰不作。消渴者无火不生。不寐者，是痰火旺而血少。多睡者，是脾胃倦而神昏。大便秘乃血液燥结。小便闭乃气滞不行。痔疾、肠风湿热所致。发斑、瘾疹风热所成。耳聋者肾虚之故。目疾者肝火之因。齿疼乃胃热虫蛀、喉痹乃火动痰生。鼻塞者肺气之不利。口疮者脾火之游行。女人经水不调皆是气逆。妇人心烦潮热多是郁生。带下沙淋由于湿热。崩漏下血为损任冲。胎孕不安治有二理。产后发热原有七团。兹有七十四种之病，略举其概而赋云。欲知其备，后论详明。看方犹看律，用药如用兵，机无轻发，学贵专精。
六气，是指风、热、湿、火、燥、寒。《原病式》说：“各种突然发生的强直、支痛、筋缩、里急，都属于风。足厥阴风木乃肝胆之气也。
各种疾病出现的喘、呕、吐酸、暴注、下迫、转筋、小便混浊、腹胀大鼓之如鼓、痈疽疡疹、瘤气结核、吐下霍乱、瞀郁、肿胀、鼻窒鼽衄、血溢、血泄、淋秘、身热恶寒、战栗、惊惑、悲笑谵妄、衄蔑血污，都属于热。少阴君火乃真心小肠之气也。
各种痉强直、积饮、痞隔中满、霍乱吐下，体重胕肿肉如泥按之不起，都属于湿。足太阴湿土乃脾胃之气也。
各种热瞀瘛、暴瘖、冒眛、躁扰、狂越、骂詈惊骇、胕肿疼酸、气逆冲上、禁栗如丧神守、嚏、呕、疮疡、喉痹、耳鸣及聋、呕涌溢食不下、目眛不明、暴注、瞤瘛、暴病暴死，都属于火。手少阳相火之热乃心包络三焦之气也。
各种涩枯涸、干劲皴揭，都属于燥。手阳明燥金乃肺与大肠之气也。
各种病上下所出水液澄彻清冷、癥瘕、疝、坚痞、腹满急痛、下利清白、食已不饥、吐利腥秽、屈伸不便厥逆禁固；都属于寒。足太阳寒水乃肾与膀胱之气也。”
风有风寒、风热。风寒者，发散祛风，则风自解。风热者，疏散热郁，则风自平。热有虚热、实热、热郁。虚热者补之，实热者泄之，郁热者散之。湿有寒湿、风湿、湿热、湿气。寒湿者热药燥之，风湿者风药胜之，湿热者寒药清利之，湿气者气药通畅之。寒有内寒、外寒、虚寒。内寒者温中为急，外寒者发表为先，虚寒者壮阳兼固本。燥有热燥、寒燥、风燥。热燥者清热，寒燥者温经，风燥者祛风，亦必以养血润燥之药为君。
诸症莫逃乎四因
四因，是指气、血、痰、食。丹溪治病：用四君汤以治气，四物汤以治血，二陈汤以治痰，平胃散以治食，多用此四方为主，更参以郁法治之，故药不繁，而多中于病。
霜降以后春分前，伤寒即病六经传，传过六经当自愈，请观素问不虚言。若然两感伤寒症，一日两经表里病，水浆不入不知人，六日之间当殒命。是故伤寒不服药，待过七日无差错；七日之中一剂差，变成坏症终耽搁。阳盛格阴须细察，阴盛格阳必须研。表里阴阳明的确，汗、温、吐、下用无偏。
During pregnancy, if symptoms of *egzu* (nausea and vomiting during pregnancy) occur, using this formula yields good results. Hematemesis is caused by blazing stomach fire; the pulse is surging and rapid, with continuous vomiting. Immediately use Erchen Tang (a basic decoction for drying dampness, resolving phlegm, regulating qi, and harmonizing the middle) added with Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) stir-fried with ginger juice. If medications are difficult to swallow, decoct a small amount of Binglang (Areca Seed) and Muxiang (Aucklandia Root). If vomiting persists for five or six days, accompanied by distending fullness in the chest and epigastrium that is painful to touch, add more Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), and Baishao (White Peony Root). If constipation is present, one dose containing Mangxiao (Mirabilite) and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) will cure it. A sensation of hunger pain (*zaochao*) and belching are generally viewed as similar conditions, resulting from accumulated heat in the chest and retained phlegm. Using Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Zhixing (Prepared Pinellia Tuber), and Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb) with modified Erchen Tang is not difficult. Chest oppression, fullness, acid regurgitation, and vomiting of acid can be treated by adding Chao Yulian (Stir-fried Evodia and Coptis) to this formula. Water retention under the heart is called "Yin" (fluid retention); Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Fuling (Poria), and Zhuling (Polyporus) are used to promote urination and defecation. This is a modified formula of Erchen Tang; do not disseminate it carelessly or lightly.
Song of Modified Xiaochaihu Tang
Xiaochaihu Tang consists of Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), and Gancao (Licorice Root). It is a precious formula for treating Shaoyang channel diseases, effective for alternating chills and fever, fever at dusk (3–5 PM), vomiting, and hypochondriac pain. If the primary disease involves the Yangming channel concurrently, presenting with thirst, irritability, frequent dry retching, eye pain, nasal dryness, and insomnia, add Gegen (Kudzu Root), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Baishao (White Peony Root), and stir-fried Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) to the original formula. If there is epigastric stuffiness and fullness with persistent heat, adding Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) is effective. If the stuffiness and fullness cannot be relieved, Xiaoxianzhong Tang (Minor Intra-abdominal Abscess Decoction) can be combined. If sweating is scanty, lips are cracked, mouth is dry and thirsty, and drinking water does not cease, rely on Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Gange (Dried Kudzu Root). If symptoms persist, what then? Add a pinch of Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). After sweating, if there is high fever, restlessness, delirious speech, dry retching, and groaning, decoct and consume Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity); one dose brings peace almost instantly. If there is irritability, thirst, diarrhea, dysentery, and increased heat, use the original formula combined with Siling San (Four Poria Powder). If jaundice appears with red urine, increase the dosage of Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), and Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark).
If the stool is hard and thirst indicates fluid depletion, use Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), and Gualou Qiao (Trichosanthes Peel, optionally with Zhike/Aurantium Fruit). If stool is bound and unpassable, Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is correct. If there is body heat and aversion to wind but no dry mouth, combine the original formula with Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). If lips are cracked and thirst/irritability are severe, combine Shigao Zhimu Tang (Gypsum and Anemarrhena Decoction, formerly known as Baihu Tang/White Tiger Decoction) with the original formula. If there is chest irritability without vomiting, remove Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) and Renshen (Ginseng Root), and double the amount of Gualou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed). If thirst subsides, remove Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) and add Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) and Huafen (Trichosanthes Root). For abdominal pain, add Baishao (White Peony Root) and remove Huangqin (Scutellaria Root). For heat and abdominal pain in the hypochondrium, add stir-fried Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Baishao (White Peony Root). For excessive phlegm, ensure Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb) and Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit/Seed). For vomiting, add Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice), Zhuli (Bamboo Sap), and Chenpi (Tangerine Peel). For cough, Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry) is necessary. For hardness and pain in the hypochondrium, add Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) and Muli (Oyster Shell). Fuling (Poria) treats difficult urination and palpitations under the heart. For stuffiness with chest and hypochondriac fullness, Muli (Oyster Shell) and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) are secret formulas of experts. For chest fullness with cough, remove Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Dazao (Jujube Fruit), and add Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry) and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). For fluid deficiency with fever and polydipsia, add Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) and Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), and remove Renshen (Ginseng Root). For spleen-stomach deficiency with loose stools, help with Shaoyao (Peony Root) and Zhuling (Polyporus). For insecure seminal emission due to yin deficiency, add Muli (Oyster Shell), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), and Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark). For tidal fever without thirst, desire to wear clothes, remove Renshen (Ginseng Root) and use Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). For spring-warmth fever with cough and thirst, Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry) and Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit) are suitable; remove Banxia (Pinellia Tuber). For warm diseases with aversion to heat but not cold, remove Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) and Renshen (Ginseng Root), retain Fuling (Poria), and add Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Gegen (Kudzu Root), Baishao (White Peony Root), Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), and Dazao (Jujube Fruit). For sore throat, add Gancao (Licorice Root) and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root). After passing through the meridians, if there is hypochondriac fullness, vomiting, and tidal fever, add Mangxiao (Mirabilite) to Chaihu Tang. For warm malaria with thirst, irritability, and aversion to heat, regulate with Shigao Zhimu Tang (Gypsum and Anemarrhena Decoction) and Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). If cold damage lasts long, it is called "Guojing" (passing through meridians); if both exterior and interior are deficient, this method is not applicable. If pathogens are many and vital qi is weak, heavily add Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), and Renshen (Ginseng Root).
After recovery, relapse due to labor and diet causes high fever, palpitations, and shortness of breath with phlegm. Wendan Tang (Warm Gallbladder Decoction) combined with the original formula (Xiaochaihu Tang) cures quickly if taken urgently. Fever that improves by day and worsens at night is named "Xiere Rushixue" (Evil Heat Entering the Blood Chamber). Use Mudanpi (Tree Peony Bark), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), and Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit); Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) can also be given. If it worsens by day and improves at night, observe Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), and Digupi (Groundsel Tree Bark). If tidal fever persists day and night, add Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome). After sweating, if fluids are depleted causing constipation of both bowels, remove Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) and add Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Baishao (White Peony Root), and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber). If dryness is severe, treatment is difficult. Why list Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) and Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) in the main formula? Their bitter taste helps dissipate and transform evil heat. Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) is suitable for stopping vomiting and resolving phlegm; its nature descends, and its aroma is pungent and strong. For exterior insufficiency, use sweet and緩 (moderating) herbs; Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Gancao (Licorice Root) moderate the central jiao. To harmonize Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi), use Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Dazao (Jujube Fruit); for harmonization, none is better than this.
Song of Modified Pingwei San
Pingwei San consists of Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), and Gancao (Licorice Root). It is used to strengthen the spleen and dry dampness. For chest fullness resembling food stagnation, or hunger pain and acid regurgitation, it is always effective. Irregular diet damages the spleen and stomach; add Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), and Muxiang (Aucklandia Root). For food stagnation, use fried Maiya (Barley Sprout) and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven); for meat stagnation, ShanZha (Hawthorn Fruit) and Caoguo (Black Cardamom Fruit) are excellent. For stagnation of raw/cold fruits and vegetables, add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel). For alcohol injury, add Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Gehua (Kudzu Flower), and Wumei (Mume Fruit). For vomiting, remember Dingxiang (Clove), Wuyu (Chinese Pepper), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber). For heat stagnation with blocked bowels, attack with Binglang (Areca Seed), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome). For cold stagnation difficult to digest, provide Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome), Sanleng (Sparganium Rhizome), and Badou (Croton Seed). For steaming damp-heat causing sour taste in the mouth, stir-fry Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) and Sharen (Amomum Fruit) with Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome); decoct Wuyu (Evodia Fruit), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), and Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) together; for hunger pain, add Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome) and Baishao (White Peony Root) to eat. For unsuitability to local climate/water, add Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) for miraculous effect; for vomiting and diarrhea, add Fuling (Poria) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome); stir-fried Yiren (Coix Seed), Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome), and Wumei (Mume Fruit) are also good. For diarrhea with undigested grain, combining with Wuling San (Five-Poria Powder) is priceless. Food stagnation causing reverse fullness is spleen deficiency; Yigong San (Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) with added Xiangsha (Aucklandia and Amomum) is appropriate. For cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, which formula? Remove Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), replace with Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), assist with Erchen Tang (Two-Chen Decoction), plus Fupi (Melon Rind), Zisu (Perilla Leaf), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), and Dazao (Jujube Fruit) decocted in water. For muscle cramps, add Mugua (Chaenomeles Fruit); for abdominal pain, Baishao (White Peony Root) and Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) are suitable. For cold pain, add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark); for stuffiness and fullness, Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) and Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) are good. For dry cholera (no vomiting or diarrhea), add Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) and Sharen (Amomum Fruit) mixed with Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Zhike (Aurantium Fruit), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), and Zisu (Perilla Leaf); verify Binglang (Areca Seed) and Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit) for hard and painful abdomen. For stomach-cold vomiting, add Dingxiang (Clove); Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) are best. For spontaneous sweat, cyanotic lips, and cold limbs, remove original herbs and add Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root) and Huixiang (Fennel Fruit).
Fu on Etiology
The generation of all diseases has its causes; upon sensing these causes, symptoms manifest. Symptoms are the branch of the disease; causes are the root. Thus, the *Neijing* states: "Those who know root and branch act ten thousand times without error; those who do not are called reckless." Generally, all diseases arise from the Six Qi (Wind, Heat, Dampness, Fire, Dryness, Cold), and all symptoms fall within the Four Causes (Qi, Blood, Phlegm, Food). Cold damage transmits through the Six Channels and must be thoroughly recognized. Plague and common colds involve the Four Qi and must be clarified first. For internal injury to the spleen and stomach, distinguish excess and deficiency. For external febrile diseases, distinguish summer-heat and spring-warmth. Sudden wind-stroke has four causes and three treatments. Traumatic wind has three types and three channel treatments. Summerstroke differs in movement and stillness. Dampness differs in interior and exterior. Fire has seven explanations, Phlegm has ten causes, Qi has nine discussions, and Stagnation has six names. Malaria involves summer-heat and wind, compounded by phlegm and food. Dysentery is due to damp-heat and accumulation/stagnation. Vomiting is rebellion of stomach qi failing to descend. Diarrhea is injury to spleen qi failing to level. Cholera is caused by spleen cold and food injury. Stuffiness/fullness is formed by spleen fatigue and damp accumulation. Hiccups are disharmony of stomach qi. Cough is turbidity of lung qi. Belching stems from phlegm-fire. Acid regurgitation is due to food stagnation. Abdominal fullness and distension are due to spleen deficiency failing to transport. Dysphagia and regurgitation are congealing of qi and food. Panting has deficiency and excess. Spasm has yin and yang. Five Accumulations and Six Gatherings are always qi congealing phlegm and blood. Five Labors and Six Extremes are all heaven-endowing essence scorched by fire. Hematemesis originates from the stomach fu. Epistaxis originates from the lung meridian. Saliva and blood belong to the spleen zang. Spitting blood belongs to the kidney meridian. Gum bleeding is extreme heat of the Yangming meridian. Tongue bleeding is fire of the Shaoyin meridian. Narrowness in the abdomen distinguishes phlegm and fire. Irritation and heat in the chest distinguish deficiency and excess. Palpitations are caused by phlegm confusing fear. Forgetfulness is formed by blood deficiency and depression. Mania and madness divide into extreme heat of heart and liver. Epilepsy seeks the severity of phlegm and fire. Turbid urine has red and white differences. Sweating has spontaneous and nocturnal names. Nine types of heartache pain in the epigastrium. Seven types of hernia disease in the Jueyin. Hypochondriac pain differs on left and right sides. Head wind differs on left and right. Lower back pain is kidney deficiency or sprain. Abdominal pain is cold qi or food stagnation. Flaccidity syndrome is deficiency and damp-heat. Bi syndrome is cold-damp and wind invasion. Four types of seminal emission indicate heart-kidney non-interaction. Five types of jaundice are steamed by damp-heat. Vertigo arises from phlegm; no phlegm, no vertigo. Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) arises from fire; no fire, no wasting-thirst. Insomnia is abundant phlegm-fire and deficient blood. Hypersomnia is spleen-stomach fatigue and spirit confusion. Constipation is dry binding of blood. Urinary retention is qi stagnation. Hemorrhoids and intestinal wind-damp are caused by wind-heat. Macules and hives are formed by wind-heat. Deafness is due to kidney deficiency. Eye diseases are due to liver fire. Toothache is stomach heat and worms; throat obstruction is fire moving and phlegm generating. Nasal congestion is lung qi obstruction. Mouth sores are spleen fire wandering. Women's irregular menstruation is all qi rebellion. Women's irritability and tidal fever are mostly generated by stagnation. Leukorrhea and sand-like strangury are due to damp-heat. Metrorrhagia and uterine bleeding are damage to Ren and Chong vessels. Unstable pregnancy has two principles of treatment. Postpartum fever has seven categories. Here are seventy-four diseases, briefly summarized in this Fu. To know them fully, refer to the detailed discussions later. Prescriptions are like laws; medication is like warfare. Do not initiate action lightly; learning values specialization.
All Diseases Arise from the Six Qi
The Six Qi are Wind, Heat, Dampness, Fire, Dryness, and Cold. The *Yuanbing Shi* states: "All sudden stiffness, limb pain, muscle contraction, internal urgency, and tendon shortening belong to Wind. Foot Jueyin Wind-Wood is the qi of the Liver and Gallbladder."
All wheezing, vomiting, acid regurgitation, sudden diarrhea, tenesmus, muscle cramps, turbid urine, abdominal distension drum-like, carbuncles, ulcers, rashes, tumor qi, scrofula, vomiting/diarrhea/cholera, dizziness/depression, swelling, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, hemorrhage, hematochezia/melena, stranguria/retention, body heat with aversion to cold, shivering, fright/confusion, sadness/laughter/delirium, and black epistaxis/blood contamination belong to Heat. Shaoyin Sovereign Fire is the qi of the Heart Small Intestine.
All spasms, stiffness, fluid accumulation, epigastric blockage, fullness, vomiting/diarrhea/cholera, heavy body, edema, flesh like mud that does not rise when pressed, belong to Dampness. Foot Taiyin Wet-Earth is the qi of the Spleen and Stomach.
All heat-induced dizziness/spasms, sudden aphonia, blindness/confusion, restlessness/agitation, mania/excess, cursing/fright, edema/pain/soreness, rebellious qi rushing upward, jaw clenching/shivering as if losing spiritual control, sneezing, vomiting, sores/ulcers, throat obstruction, tinnitus/deafness, vomiting/gurgling/inability to eat, blurred vision, sudden diarrhea, muscle twitching/spasms, sudden illness/sudden death, belong to Fire. Hand Shaoyang Minister Fire-Heat is the qi of the Pericardium and Triple Burner.
All astringency, dryness, emaciation, skin roughness/cracking, belong to Dryness. Hand Yangming Dry-Metal is the qi of the Lung and Large Intestine.
All clear/cold exudates from above and below, masses/lumps, hernias, hard lumps, abdominal fullness/acute pain, clear/profuse diarrhea, lack of hunger after eating, foul-smelling vomiting/diarrhea, inability to bend/stretch, cold extremities, jaw clenching/stiffness, belong to Cold. Foot Taiyang Cold-Water is the qi of the Kidney and Bladder.
Wind includes Wind-Cold and Wind-Heat. For Wind-Cold, disperse and expel wind, and wind resolves itself. For Wind-Heat, vent heat stagnation, and wind calms itself. Heat includes Deficient Heat, Excess Heat, and Heat Stagnation. Tonify Deficient Heat, drain Excess Heat, and dissipate Heat Stagnation. Dampness includes Cold-Damp, Wind-Damp, Damp-Heat, and Damp Qi. Dry Cold-Damp with hot herbs, overcome Wind-Damp with wind-dispersing herbs, clear-drain Damp-Heat with cold herbs, and unblock Damp Qi with qi-moving herbs. Cold includes Interior Cold, Exterior Cold, and Deficient Cold. Warm the interior urgently for Interior Cold, release the exterior first for Exterior Cold, and strengthen yang while consolidating the root for Deficient Cold. Dryness includes Heat-Dryness, Cold-Dryness, and Wind-Dryness. Clear heat for Heat-Dryness, warm channels for Cold-Dryness, expel wind for Wind-Dryness, and always use blood-nourishing and moistening herbs as the sovereign.
All Symptoms Fall Within the Four Causes
The Four Causes are Qi, Blood, Phlegm, and Food. Danxi treated diseases: using Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) for Qi, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) for Blood, Erchen Tang (Two-Chen Decoction) for Phlegm, and Pingwei San (Peace the Stomach Powder) for Food. He mainly used these four formulas, supplemented by methods for treating stagnation. Thus, the medicines were few but often hit the disease accurately.
Cold Damage Transmission Through Six Channels Must Be Thoroughly Recognized
From Frost Descent until before Spring Equinox, cold damage immediately transmits through the Six Channels. After transmitting through the Six Channels, it should heal itself; please observe the *Suwen*, words are not false. If it is Lianggan Cold Damage (simultaneous exterior-interior infection), one day affects two channels, exterior and interior; if unable to take fluids or recognize people, death occurs within six days. Therefore, for cold damage, do not take medicine; wait past seven days without error. If one dose deviates within seven days, it becomes a damaged syndrome, ultimately delaying recovery. Observe carefully Yang Excess Repelling Yin; study Yin Excess Repelling Yang. Clearly determine exterior-interior and yin-yang; use sweating, warming, vomiting, and purging without bias.