姜三片煎，临熟入苏木汁三匙调服。治同上。抵当汤∶虻虫、水蛭、桃仁各十枚，大黄三钱，病甚人壮者五
钱。水煎温服，未下再服。方意以太阳经病六七日，邪当传里为热结胸证，今表证仍在，脉沉而热不结胸，
反结于下焦，令人如狂，小腹硬满。小便不利者，乃热蓄津液不通也；小便利者，乃热不蓄津液而蓄血也。
盖咸走血，苦胜血，故用虻、蛭之咸苦以除蓄血；甘缓结，苦泄热，故用桃、黄之甘苦以下结热。亦治一切
瘀血结胸谵语漱水等证。抵当丸∶水蛭、桃仁各七个，虻虫八个，大黄一两，为末，蜜调分作四丸。每一丸用
水煎化，温服，未下再服。治蓄血在下，无身热，便黑，喜忘如狂等证。但小腹满而溺利者，宜此丸缓以下之。
感寒香苏五积散，养胃大温；
香苏散∶香附、紫苏各二钱，陈皮一钱，甘
草五分，姜葱煎服取汗。治四时感寒，头疼发热恶寒。如头痛甚加川芎、白芷；无汗加麻黄。人参养胃汤∶
苍术一钱，陈皮、浓朴、半夏各七分半，茯苓、藿香各五分，甘草二分，乌梅一个，人参、草果各四分，姜三
片，枣二枚，煎热服取汗，有汗温服。治外感风寒，内伤生冷，憎寒壮热，头目昏疼，肢体拘急，不问风寒
二证及夹食停痰皆效。兼治饮食伤脾，或外感风寒湿气，发为 疟及山岚瘴疫尤妙。如虚寒加附子、肉桂。
冒风参苏十神，败毒更速。
参苏饮∶人参、紫苏、前胡、半夏、干葛、茯苓、木香各七分半，陈皮、桔梗、枳壳各五分，姜三片，枣
二枚，水煎服。治外感风邪，头疼发热，咳嗽声重，涕唾稠粘；内因七情，痰塞壅胸，潮热等证。如肺热去参
加白术、黄芩；肺燥去橘、半加栝蒌、杏仁。本方去木香加川芎、紫苏，名十味芎苏散。治四时感寒，头疼寒
热。十神汤∶紫苏、香附、陈皮、甘草、干葛、赤芍、升麻、白芷、川芎、麻黄各五分，姜葱煎热服。治风寒
两感及时行温疫，头疼寒热无汗等证。此方去芎、芷、麻黄，名苏葛汤，内干葛专解阳明瘟疫风邪。若太阳伤
寒发热用之，是引贼入阳明，多发斑疹，今世概用，误哉！人参败毒散∶羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、枳壳、
桔梗、川芎、赤茯、人参各三分，甘草一分半，姜三片，煎温服，或加薄荷少许。治伤寒发热，头疼睛痛，项
强，肢体烦疼；伤风咳嗽，鼻塞声重及时行瘟疫、瘴气、风湿、风痰、眩晕、呕哕等证。如三阳经香港脚赤肿加
大黄、苍术，皮肤疹痒加蝉蜕，如心经蕴热，口干舌燥加黄芩。
二陈四物痰火消，
二陈汤合四物汤。气虚加参、术，火盛加芩、连、麦门冬。
补中益气劳伤服。
加味补中益气汤∶外感见太阳证，加羌活、 本、桂枝；阳明证，加葛根、升麻；少阳证，加黄芩、半
夏，倍柴胡；太阴证，加枳实、浓朴；少阴证，加生甘草、桔梗；厥阴证，加川芎；变证发斑，加葛根、玄参，
倍升麻。陶氏补中益气汤；人参、黄 、当归、生地、川芎、柴胡、陈皮、甘草、细辛、羌活、防风、白术，
姜三片，枣二枚，葱二茎，水煎温服。治劳力内伤气血，外感风寒头疼，身热恶寒，微渴自汗，身腿酸软无力。
如元气不足者，加升麻少许以升之；喘嗽加杏仁；汗不止，去细辛加芍药；胸中烦热，加山栀、竹茹；干呕加
姜汁炒半夏；胸中饱闷，去生地、甘草、 、术，加枳壳、桔梗；痰盛，去防风、细辛，加栝蒌、贝母；腹痛
去、术，加芍药、干姜；因血郁内伤有痛处，或大便黑，去羌、防、 、术、细辛，加桃仁、红花，甚者加
大黄，下尽瘀血自愈，愈后去大黄调理。日久下证具者，亦量加酒制大黄。体浓者，大柴胡下之。丹溪治一人，
旧有下疳疮，忽头疼发热恶寒，以小柴胡汤加龙胆草、胡黄连，热服而安。又一人，因忍饥霜中涉水，患恶寒
吐血，以小建中汤去芍药加陈皮、半夏，煎服而安。二方可为内伤挟外感者式。
葱豉麻葛，头痛甚于捶钻；
连须葱白汤∶生姜一两，葱十四茎，共捣破，水煎服。治太阳已汗、未汗，头痛如钻破。或合麻黄汤尤妙。
葱豉汤∶葱白七茎，豆豉一合，麻黄三钱，葛根一钱半，姜五片，煎服。如行五里许再进一服，良久吃葱豉粥
取汗。治太阳阳明头疼无汗。如太阳发热恶寒、无汗刚 ，加芍药三钱，名麻黄葛根汤。葛根葱白汤；葛根、
芍药、知母各一钱半，川芎、生姜各三钱，葱三茎，煎服。治阳明头目痛，鼻干无汗。
桂枝柴葛，项强难于回顾。
太阳无汗项强，葛根汤；有汗，桂枝汤加葛根。少阳，小柴胡汤。
头眩身振，茯苓桂甘桂术和阳；
茯苓桂甘汤∶茯苓三钱，桂枝二钱，甘草一钱，姜三片，水煎温服。治阳明证但头眩，不恶寒，能食而
咳。兼治水气在半表，乘于心胸，怔忡悸惕，干呕自汗不渴。方意以茯苓、甘草
之甘，益津而和卫；桂枝、生姜之辛，助阳而解表。茯苓桂甘大枣汤∶茯苓六钱半，甘草二钱二分，桂枝四分，
大枣五枚，先取水六七碗，置大盆内，以杓扬之，上有水珠数千颗相逐，取用之，名甘澜水。用二盏先煎茯
苓减半，入诸药煎至八分，温服。治汗后脐下悸动，欲作奔豚者。茯苓桂术甘草汤∶茯苓四钱，桂枝三钱，白
术二钱，甘草一钱，水煎温服。治汗吐下后，里虚气逆上冲，心腹痞满或痛，起则头眩，脉沉紧，为在里则不
宜汗，汗则外动经络，损伤阳气，阳虚则不能主持诸脉，身体振摇，筋脉惕 ，久则成痿，宜此汤以和经益阳。
故阳气不足者，补之以甘，茯、术、甘草之甘以生津液而益阳也；里气逆者，散之以辛，桂枝之辛以行阳而散
逆气也。
郁冒神昏，人参三白三生醒胃。
人参三白汤∶人参、白术、白芍、白茯各一钱半，柴胡三钱，川芎一钱，天麻五分，水煎温服。治太阳病
误下、误汗，表里俱虚，以致郁冒，冒家得汗自愈，若不得汗而不解者，宜此主之。如下虚脉微弱者，合三生
饮以温肾固其本也。经曰∶滋苗者，必固其根；伐下者，必枯其上是也。
背恶寒而三阳虎汤，少阴附汤；
伤寒六七日，身无大热，口燥渴，心烦，背恶寒者，此属阳明，宜白虎加参汤。伤寒二三日，口中和，背恶
寒者，此属少阴，宜附子汤。附子、人参各二钱，茯苓、芍药各三钱，白术四钱，水煎温服。兼治少阴身痛肢
冷，骨节烦疼。方意以附子之辛以散寒，参、术、茯苓之甘以补阳，芍药之酸以补阴。所以然者，偏阴偏阳则为
病，火欲实水当平之，不欲偏胜也。
身恶寒而阳经柴桂，阴经 桂。
阳经，柴胡桂枝汤∶柴胡一钱，桂枝、黄芩、人参、芍药、半夏各一钱，甘草五分，姜三片，枣二枚，水煎
服。治少阳病头额痛，项强，胁痛胸满，发热恶寒，乍往乍来，及自汗亡阳，谵语作渴；兼治风温汗后身热及
动气等证。或小柴胡汤、桂枝汤、麻黄汤选用。阴经直中者，黄 建中汤、四逆汤、小建中汤选用。
恶风漏汗，术附加入桂枝；
桂枝附子汤∶桂枝、附子各三钱，芍药二钱，甘草一钱，姜五片，枣二枚，水煎温服。治太阳病发汗，
遂漏汗不止，恶风，溺难，四肢拘急，难以屈伸；兼治伤寒八九日，风湿相搏，身体烦疼不能转侧，不呕不渴，
脉浮虚涩。方意以过汗则阳虚不固，汗出多则津液亡而小便难，四肢诸阳之本，液脱者，骨属屈伸不利。是以用
桂枝、甘草辛甘以温经；附子辛热，姜枣辛甘通津液以和表也。如里寒去芍药，小便利去桂枝加白术。
发潮欲疸，麻轺兼以赤豆。
麻黄连轺赤小豆汤∶连轺（即连翘根）、麻黄各二钱，生梓白皮三钱，赤小豆半合，甘草一钱，杏仁七
个，姜三片，枣二枚，潦水煎温服，或加山栀、茵陈、黄柏尤妙。治阳明身热发黄。方意以麻、杏、甘草、姜、
枣之甘辛，微发其汗而散表分之寒湿；连轺、梓皮之苦寒，以除内热；赤豆之甘平，以散在表之湿热∶煎用潦水
者，取其味薄而不助湿也。如天气暄热或有汗，去麻黄加柴胡，内热盛加黄芩、黄连，大便实加枳壳、大黄，
口渴加天花粉。
似疟面赤身痒，桂二麻一各半；
桂枝二麻黄一汤∶桂枝、芍药各二钱，麻黄一钱二分，甘草一钱，杏仁八分，姜五片，枣三枚，水煎温
服。治太阳病服桂枝汤后，似疟热多寒少者，乃邪客荣卫也，脉必洪大，用此发汗必解。桂麻各半汤∶麻黄一钱
半，桂枝、芍药、杏仁各一钱，甘草七分，姜三片，枣二枚，煎服。治伤寒六七日，发热恶寒，舌不短，囊不
缩，脉浮缓，便清，为不传阴经欲愈，此厥阴似疟也。如不愈者宜此。又太阳病日久，似疟寒热，或热多寒少，
其人不呕，大小便调，里和欲愈。若里虚脉微，表虚恶寒，表里俱虚，面色青白，今面反赤色者，表未解也，
其身必痒，宜此汤微发其汗，以除表邪。
似疟热多寒少，桂二越一合凑。
桂枝二越婢一汤∶桂枝、麻黄、芍药各一钱，石膏二钱，甘草三分，姜三片，枣二枚，水煎温服。治脉弱
亡阳，热多寒少。
柴桂柴姜，往来寒热极验；
柴胡加桂汤∶柴胡三钱，黄芩、桂枝各二钱，半夏一钱，甘草四分，姜三片，枣二枚，水煎温服。治半表
里证，盗汗，身热不欲去衣；及不满不硬，但心下妨闷，谓之支结。《百证》云∶若有头疼恶寒者，小柴加桂
值千金。柴胡桂姜汤∶柴胡三钱，桂枝、牡蛎各一钱半，天花粉、黄芩各二钱，干姜一钱，甘草八分，水煎温
服。方意以伤寒五六日，已经汗下则邪当解，今胸满微结，心烦，寒热往来，邪在半表半里；凡小便不利而渴
者必呕，今便利渴而不呕者，里无热也；伤寒汗出则和，今但头汗出而他处无者，津液不足而阳虚也。是以用
柴、芩之苦以解传表之邪，桂、甘之辛甘以散在表之邪，牡蛎之咸以消胸胁之满，炮姜之辛以收阳虚之汗，天
花粉之苦以生津液。
阴旦阳旦，表里寒热堪夸。
阴旦汤∶黄芩，干姜各三钱，芍药、甘草各二钱，桂枝四钱，枣二枚，水煎温服。治阴证身大热欲近衣，
肢节痛，口不燥而虚烦者，此为内寒外热也，阳旦汤∶桂枝、芍药各三钱，黄芩二钱，甘草一钱，姜三片，枣
二枚，水煎温服。治里热表寒，如夏至后，更加知母、石膏或升麻，不然恐有发黄斑出之变。
反发热，麻附甘辛有趣；
麻黄附子甘草汤，麻黄附子细辛汤。
真里寒，白通（汤）葱附无差。
葱白四茎，生附子一枚，干姜一两，水煎温服。治少阴客寒，不能制水，脉微自利不止。方意以葱白之
辛通阳气，姜附之辛散阴寒。经云∶肾苦燥，急食辛以润之是也。
烦躁厥逆自利，或无汗而不眠兮，黄连鸡子（汤）搅匀；
黄连一钱半，黄芩、阿胶、芍药各一钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣乘热入阿胶令溶化，少温入鸡子半枚，
搅匀温服。《脉经》曰∶风伤阳，寒伤阴，少阴受病，得之二三日以上，寒极变热，为阳入阴也。脉沉，无大
热，心中烦躁不卧，厥逆自利不得汗。方意以阳有余以苦除之，芩、连之苦以除热；阴不足以甘补之，鸡子、
阿胶之甘以补血；酸收也、泻也，芍药之酸收阴气而泻邪热。所谓宜泻必以苦，宜补必以甘，此方兼之。
烦躁厥逆欲吐，或溲难而脚蜷兮，干姜甘芍简易。
甘草干姜汤∶甘草四钱，干姜二钱，水煎服。芍药甘草汤∶白芍、甘草各三钱，水煎温服。方意以伤寒
脉浮自汗，小便数而微恶寒者，阳气不足也；心烦足蜷者，阴气不足也。阴阳俱虚，若误用桂枝发表，则便厥
咽干，烦躁吐逆。是以先宜甘草干姜，辛甘发散以复阳气；而厥愈足温心烦者，更作芍药、甘草，酸甘相合以
补阴血，其脚胫自伸。
诸汗不止者，防术牡蛎汤，外用米粉扑干；
防术牡蛎汤∶防风、白术、牡蛎各等分为末，每一钱，米饮或酒下，日三服。汗止服小建中汤。治烦躁
恶风，不得卧，汗出不止及火邪汗多烦躁者尤妙。扑汗法∶白术、 本、川芎、白芷各二钱半为末，入米粉一
两半，和匀以绢袋盛贮，周身扑之。治汗出多不得止。
取汗不得者，陶氏再造散，外用麸糠铺地。
陶氏再造散∶人参、黄 、桂枝、甘草、附子、细辛、羌活、防风、川芎、煨生姜，夏月加黄芩、石膏、
枣二枚煎，再加炒芍药一撮，煎三沸，温服。治亡阳证。阳虚不能作汗，误用重汤，火劫取汗者，死。蒸汗法∶
先须烧地令热，以水洒之，取蚕砂、柏叶、桃叶、糠麸，皆铺烧地上，令侧掌许，然后铺席，令病患当卧其上，
以被覆之，移时汗出周身至足心，用 本末扑之，上床而睡。此法取汗虽易，《百问》载范
云用之，后二年卒死。
夜睡盗汗，小柴去半滋阴乎∶
伤寒盗汗责表热，杂病责阴虚。古法柴胡加桂汤主之，王氏以小柴去半夏，加当归、生地、芍药、麦门
冬、知母、黄柏、酸枣仁亦好。
冬病阳明，黄芩等芍蜜导耳。
盗汗本居少阳半表里病。冬月阳明证，潮热发作有时，脉但浮者，为有风宜有汗，而天寒无汗，夜睡必有
用三片生姜煎煮，临熟时加入三匙苏木汁调匀服用。主治同上。抵当汤：虻虫、水蛭、桃仁各十枚，大黄三钱，病情严重且体质壮实者用五钱。用水煎煮后温服，若未通便可再服。方义在于太阳经病至六七日，邪气应当传入里部形成热结胸证，如今表证仍在，脉象沉而热邪不结于胸，反而结于下焦，导致人如发狂，小腹硬满。小便不利者，是热邪蓄积导致津液不通；小便利者，是热邪不蓄积津液而蓄积瘀血。咸味入血分，苦味能破血，所以用虻虫、水蛭的咸苦之性来消除蓄积的瘀血；甘味能缓急解结，苦味能泄热，所以用桃仁、大黄的甘苦之性来攻下结聚的热邪。也治疗一切瘀血结胸、谵语、漱水不欲咽等证候。抵当丸：水蛭、桃仁各七个，虻虫八个，大黄一两，研为细末，用蜂蜜调和分成四丸。每一丸用水煎化，温服，若未通便可再服。治疗蓄血在下焦，无身热，大便黑，健忘如狂等证候。只要小腹满而小便通利者，适宜用此丸剂缓和地攻下。感寒香苏散与五积散，能温暖胃气；
香苏散：香附、紫苏各二钱，陈皮一钱，甘草五分，加生姜、葱白煎服以取汗。治疗四季感受寒邪，头痛发热恶寒。如果头痛严重加川芎、白芷；无汗加麻黄。人参养胃汤：苍术一钱，陈皮、厚朴、半夏各七分半，茯苓、藿香各五分，甘草二分，乌梅一个，人参、草果各四分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，煎热后服用以取汗，若有汗则温服。治疗外感风寒，内伤生冷，憎寒壮热，头目昏痛，肢体拘急，无论是风寒两证还是夹食停痰都有效。兼治饮食损伤脾胃，或外感风寒湿气，引发疟疾及山岚瘴气尤为奇妙。如果是虚寒证加附子、肉桂。
冒风参苏饮与十神汤，败毒散效果更快。
参苏饮：人参、紫苏、前胡、半夏、干葛、茯苓、木香各七分半，陈皮、桔梗、枳壳各五分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎服。治疗外感风邪，头痛发热，咳嗽声重，鼻涕唾液稠粘；内因七情郁结，痰塞壅滞心胸，潮热等证候。如果肺热去掉人参加白术、黄芩；肺燥去掉陈皮、半夏加瓜蒌、杏仁。本方去掉木香加川芎、紫苏，名为十味芎苏散。治疗四季感受寒邪，头痛寒热。十神汤：紫苏、香附、陈皮、甘草、干葛、赤芍、升麻、白芷、川芎、麻黄各五分，加生姜、葱白煎热服。治疗风寒两感及时行温疫，头痛寒热无汗等证候。此方去掉川芎、白芷、麻黄，名为苏葛汤，其中干葛专门解除阳明瘟疫风邪。如果用于太阳伤寒发热，是引贼入阳明，容易多发斑疹，如今世人一概使用，是错误的！人参败毒散：羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、枳壳、桔梗、川芎、赤茯苓、人参各三分，甘草一分半，生姜三片，煎温服，或加少许薄荷。治疗伤寒发热，头痛眼痛，项强，肢体烦疼；伤风咳嗽，鼻塞声重及时行瘟疫、瘴气、风湿、风痰、眩晕、呕吐呃逆等证候。如果三阳经香港脚红肿加大黄、苍术，皮肤疹痒加蝉蜕，如果心经蕴热，口干舌燥加黄芩。
二陈汤合四物汤可消痰火，
二陈汤合四物汤。气虚加人参、白术，火盛加黄芩、黄连、麦门冬。
补中益气汤治疗劳伤。
加味补中益气汤：外感见太阳证，加羌活、藁本、桂枝；阳明证，加葛根、升麻；少阳证，加黄芩、半夏，倍用柴胡；太阴证，加枳实、厚朴；少阴证，加生甘草、桔梗；厥阴证，加川芎；变证发斑，加葛根、玄参，倍用升麻。陶氏补中益气汤：人参、黄芪、当归、生地、川芎、柴胡、陈皮、甘草、细辛、羌活、防风、白术，生姜三片，大枣二枚，葱二茎，水煎温服。治疗劳力内伤气血，外感风寒头疼，身热恶寒，微渴自汗，身体腿部酸软无力。如果元气不足者，加少许升麻以升提；喘嗽加杏仁；汗不止，去掉细辛加芍药；胸中烦热，加山栀、竹茹；干呕加姜汁炒半夏；胸中饱闷，去掉生地、甘草、黄芪、白术，加枳壳、桔梗；痰盛，去掉防风、细辛，加瓜蒌、贝母；腹痛去掉黄芪、白术，加芍药、干姜；因为血郁内伤有痛处，或大便黑，去掉羌活、防风、黄芪、白术、细辛，加桃仁、红花，严重者加大黄，下尽瘀血自愈，愈后去掉大黄调理。日久下证具备者，也酌情加酒制大黄。体型肥胖者，用大柴胡汤攻下。丹溪治疗一人，旧有下疳疮，忽然头痛发热恶寒，用小柴胡汤加龙胆草、胡黄连，热服而安。又一人，因为忍饥霜中涉水，患恶寒吐血，用小建中汤去芍药加陈皮、半夏，煎服而安。这两个方子可以作为内伤挟外感者的典范。
葱豉汤与麻黄葛根汤，头痛剧烈如捶钻；
连须葱白汤：生姜一两，葱十四茎，一起捣破，水煎服。治疗太阳病已发汗或未发汗，头痛如钻破。或者合用麻黄汤尤其妙。
葱豉汤：葱白七茎，豆豉一合，麻黄三钱，葛根一钱半，生姜五片，煎服。如行走五里左右再进一服，过很久吃葱豉粥取汗。治疗太阳阳明头疼无汗。如果太阳发热恶寒、无汗刚劲，加芍药三钱，名为麻黄葛根汤。葛根葱白汤：葛根、芍药、知母各一钱半，川芎、生姜各三钱，葱三茎，煎服。治疗阳明头目痛，鼻干无汗。
桂枝汤与柴胡葛根汤，项强难于回顾。
太阳无汗项强，用葛根汤；有汗，桂枝汤加葛根。少阳证，用小柴胡汤。
头眩身振，茯苓桂枝甘草白术汤和阳；
茯苓桂枝甘草汤：茯苓三钱，桂枝二钱，甘草一钱，生姜三片，水煎温服。治疗阳明证但头眩，不恶寒，能食而咳。兼治水气在半表，乘于心胸，怔忡悸惕，干呕自汗不渴。方义在于茯苓、甘草的甘味，益津液而和营卫；桂枝、生姜的辛味，助阳气而解表。茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤：茯苓六钱半，甘草二钱二分，桂枝四分，大枣五枚，先取河水六七碗，放在大盆内，用勺子扬之，上有水珠数千颗相逐，取用之，名为甘澜水。用二盏先煎茯苓减半，入诸药煎至八分，温服。治疗汗后脐下悸动，欲作奔豚者。茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤：茯苓四钱，桂枝三钱，白术二钱，甘草一钱，水煎温服。治疗汗吐下后，里虚气逆上冲，心腹痞满或痛，起则头眩，脉沉紧，为在里则不宜汗，汗则外动经络，损伤阳气，阳虚则不能主持诸脉，身体振摇，筋脉惕瞤，久则成痿，宜此汤以和经益阳。所以阳气不足者，补之以甘味，茯苓、白术、甘草的甘味以生津液而益阳也；里气逆者，散之以辛味，桂枝的辛味以行阳而散逆气也。
郁冒神昏，人参三白汤与三生饮醒胃。
人参三白汤：人参、白术、白芍、白茯苓各一钱半，柴胡三钱，川芎一钱，天麻五分，水煎温服。治疗太阳病误下、误汗，表里俱虚，以致郁冒，冒家得汗自愈，若不得汗而不解者，宜此主之。如下虚脉微弱者，合三生饮以温肾固其本也。经曰：滋苗者，必固其根；伐下者，必枯其上是也。
背恶寒而三阳证用白虎加人参汤，少阴证用附子汤；
伤寒六七日，身无大热，口燥渴，心烦，背恶寒者，此属阳明，宜白虎加人参汤。伤寒二三日，口中和，背恶寒者，此属少阴，宜附子汤。附子、人参各二钱，茯苓、芍药各三钱，白术四钱，水煎温服。兼治少阴身痛肢冷，骨节烦疼。方义在于附子的辛味以散寒，人参、白术、茯苓的甘味以补阳，芍药的酸味以补阴。所以然者，偏阴偏阳则为病，火欲实水当平之，不欲偏胜也。
身恶寒而阳经证用柴胡桂枝汤，阴经直中者用黄芪建中汤。
阳经证，柴胡桂枝汤：柴胡一钱，桂枝、黄芩、人参、芍药、半夏各一钱，甘草五分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎服。治疗少阳病头额痛，项强，胁痛胸满，发热恶寒，乍往乍来，及自汗亡阳，谵语作渴；兼治风温汗后身热及动气等证。或小柴胡汤、桂枝汤、麻黄汤选用。阴经直中者，黄芪建中汤、四逆汤、小建中汤选用。
恶风漏汗，术附汤加入桂枝；
桂枝附子汤：桂枝、附子各三钱，芍药二钱，甘草一钱，生姜五片，大枣二枚，水煎温服。治疗太阳病发汗，遂漏汗不止，恶风，溺难，四肢拘急，难以屈伸；兼治伤寒八九日，风湿相搏，身体烦疼不能转侧，不呕不渴，脉浮虚涩。方义在于过汗则阳虚不固，汗出多则津液亡而小便难，四肢诸阳之本，液脱者，骨属屈伸不利。是以用桂枝、甘草辛甘以温经；附子辛热，姜枣辛甘通津液以和表也。如里寒去芍药，小便利去桂枝加白术。
发潮欲疸，麻黄连轺赤小豆汤兼以赤豆。
麻黄连轺赤小豆汤：连轺（即连翘根）、麻黄各二钱，生梓白皮三钱，赤小豆半合，甘草一钱，杏仁七个，生姜三片，大枣二枚，潦水煎温服，或加山栀、茵陈、黄柏尤妙。治疗阳明身热发黄。方义在于麻、杏、甘草、姜、枣的甘辛，微发其汗而散表分之寒湿；连轺、梓皮之苦寒，以除内热；赤豆的甘平，以散在表之湿热：煎用潦水者，取其味薄而不助湿也。如天气暄热或有汗，去麻黄加柴胡，内热盛加黄芩、黄连，大便实加枳壳、大黄，口渴加天花粉。
似疟面赤身痒，桂枝二麻黄一汤与桂枝麻黄各半汤；
桂枝二麻黄一汤：桂枝、芍药各二钱，麻黄一钱二分，甘草一钱，杏仁八分，生姜五片，大枣三枚，水煎温服。治疗太阳病服桂枝汤后，似疟热多寒少者，乃邪客荣卫也，脉必洪大，用此发汗必解。桂麻各半汤：麻黄一钱半，桂枝、芍药、杏仁各一钱，甘草七分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，煎服。治疗伤寒六七日，发热恶寒，舌不短，囊不缩，脉浮缓，便清，为不传阴经欲愈，此厥阴似疟也。如不愈者宜此。又太阳病日久，似疟寒热，或热多寒少，其人不呕，大小便调，里和欲愈。若里虚脉微，表虚恶寒，表里俱虚，面色青白，今面反赤色者，表未解也，其身必痒，宜此汤微发其汗，以除表邪。
似疟热多寒少，桂枝二越婢一汤合凑。
桂枝二越婢一汤：桂枝、麻黄、芍药各一钱，石膏二钱，甘草三分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎温服。治疗脉弱亡阳，热多寒少。
柴胡加桂汤与柴胡桂姜汤，往来寒热极验；
柴胡加桂汤：柴胡三钱，黄芩、桂枝各二钱，半夏一钱，甘草四分，生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎温服。治疗半表里证，盗汗，身热不欲去衣；及不满不硬，但心下妨闷，谓之支结。《百证》云：若有头疼恶寒者，小柴胡加桂值千金。柴胡桂姜汤：柴胡三钱，桂枝、牡蛎各一钱半，天花粉、黄芩各二钱，干姜一钱，甘草八分，水煎温服。方义在于伤寒五六日，已经汗下则邪当解，今胸满微结，心烦，寒热往来，邪在半表半里；凡小便不利而渴者必呕，今便利渴而不呕者，里无热也；伤寒汗出则和，今但头汗出而他处无者，津液不足而阳虚也。是以用柴、芩之苦以解传表之邪，桂、甘之辛甘以散在表之邪，牡蛎之咸以消胸胁之满，炮姜之辛以收阳虚之汗，天花粉之苦以生津液。
阴旦汤与阳旦汤，表里寒热堪夸。
阴旦汤：黄芩，干姜各三钱，芍药、甘草各二钱，桂枝四钱，大枣二枚，水煎温服。治疗阴证身大热欲近衣，肢节痛，口不燥而虚烦者，此为内寒外热也，阳旦汤：桂枝、芍药各三钱，黄芩二钱，甘草一钱，生姜三片，大枣二枚，水煎温服。治疗里热表寒，如夏至后，更加知母、石膏或升麻，不然恐有发黄斑出之变。
反发热，麻黄附子甘草汤与麻黄附子细辛汤有趣；
麻黄附子甘草汤，麻黄附子细辛汤。
真里寒，白通汤葱白附子无差。
葱白四茎，生附子一枚，干姜一两，水煎温服。治疗少阴客寒，不能制水，脉微自利不止。方义在于葱白的辛味通阳气，姜附的辛味散阴寒。经云：肾苦燥，急食辛以润之是也。
烦躁厥逆自利，或无汗而不眠兮，黄连阿胶汤搅匀；
黄连一钱半，黄芩、阿胶、芍药各一钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣乘热入阿胶令溶化，少温入鸡子半枚，搅匀温服。《脉经》曰：风伤阳，寒伤阴，少阴受病，得之二三日以上，寒极变热，为阳入阴也。脉沉，无大热，心中烦躁不卧，厥逆自利不得汗。方义在于阳有余以苦除之，芩、连之苦以除热；阴不足以甘补之，鸡子、阿胶之甘以补血；酸收也、泻也，芍药之酸收阴气而泻邪热。所谓宜泻必以苦，宜补必以甘，此方兼之。
烦躁厥逆欲吐，或溲难而脚蜷兮，干姜甘草汤与芍药甘草汤简易。
甘草干姜汤：甘草四钱，干姜二钱，水煎服。芍药甘草汤：白芍、甘草各三钱，水煎温服。方义在于伤寒脉浮自汗，小便数而微恶寒者，阳气不足也；心烦足蜷者，阴气不足也。阴阳俱虚，若误用桂枝发表，则便厥咽干，烦躁吐逆。是以先宜甘草干姜，辛甘发散以复阳气；而厥愈足温心烦者，更作芍药、甘草，酸甘相合以补阴血，其脚胫自伸。
诸汗不止者，防己白术牡蛎汤，外用米粉扑干；
防己白术牡蛎汤：防风、白术、牡蛎各等分为末，每一钱，米饮或酒下，日三服。汗止服小建中汤。治疗烦躁恶风，不得卧，汗出不止及火邪汗多烦躁者尤妙。扑汗法：白术、藁本、川芎、白芷各二钱半为末，入米粉一两半，和匀以绢袋盛贮，周身扑之。治疗汗出多不得止。
取汗不得者，陶氏再造散，外用麸糠铺地。
陶氏再造散：人参、黄芪、桂枝、甘草、附子、细辛、羌活、防风、川芎、煨生姜，夏月加黄芩、石膏、大枣二枚煎，再加炒芍药一撮，煎三沸，温服。治疗亡阳证。阳虚不能作汗，误用重汤，火劫取汗者，死。蒸汗法：先须烧地令热，以水洒之，取蚕砂、柏叶、桃叶、糠麸，皆铺烧地上，令侧掌许，然后铺席，令病患当卧其上，以被覆之，移时汗出周身至足心，用藁本末扑之，上床而睡。此法取汗虽易，《百问》载范云用之，后二年卒死。
夜睡盗汗，小柴胡汤去半夏滋阴乎∶
伤寒盗汗责表热，杂病责阴虚。古法柴胡加桂汤主之，王氏以小柴胡汤去半夏，加当归、生地、芍药、麦门冬、知母、黄柏、酸枣仁亦好。
Decoct three slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜), and when nearly finished, add three spoons of Caesalpiniae Sappan Lignum Extract (Sumu, 苏木) to mix and take. The treatment is the same as above. Didang Tang (Cockroach and Leech Decoction): each of Persicariae Herba (Machang, 虻虫 - *Note: Text says Machang but standard is Machang/虻虫*, here translated as Cockroach based on context of Machang), Hirudo (Shuizhi, 水蛭), and Persicae Semen (Taoren, 桃仁) ten pieces each, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang, 大黄) three qian; for severe cases in robust persons, use five qian. Decoct with water and take warm. If stool is not passed, take again. The formula's intent is that in Taiyang disease lasting six or seven days, the pathogen should transmit inward forming a Heat Binding Chest Syndrome (Rejie Xiong Zheng). Now, if exterior symptoms remain, the pulse is deep, heat does not bind in the chest, but instead binds in the Lower Jiao, causing mania-like behavior and hardness/fullness in the lower abdomen. If urination is difficult, it is due to heat accumulation obstructing fluid metabolism; if urination is free, it is due to heat accumulating blood stasis rather than fluids. Salty flavors enter the Blood aspect, bitter flavors overcome Blood, hence Machang and Shuizhi are used for their salty-bitter properties to remove accumulated blood stasis; sweet flavors relieve binding, bitter flavors drain heat, hence Taoren and Dahuang are used for their sweet-bitter properties to purge bound heat. It also treats all conditions of blood stasis binding in the chest, delirium, and rinsing mouth without swallowing. Didang Wan (Cockroach and Leech Pill): Hirudo and Persicae Semen each seven pieces, Machang eight pieces, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei one liang, ground into powder, mixed with honey and divided into four pills. Each pill is decocted in water until dissolved, taken warm. If stool is not passed, take again. It treats blood stasis in the lower part, absence of body heat, black stools, memory loss, and mania-like states. Only when there is lower abdominal fullness with free urination is this pill suitable for gentle purging. For cold invasion, Xiangsu San (Fragrant Perilla Powder) and Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) warm the Stomach Qi;
Xiangsu San: Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu) and Perillae Folium (Zisu) each two qian, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) one qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) five fen, decocted with Zingiberis Rhizoma (Shengjiang) and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai) to induce sweating. It treats cold invasion in any season, headache, fever, and aversion to cold. If headache is severe, add Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi); if no sweat, add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang). Renshen Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Stomach-Nourishing Decoction): Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) one qian, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia) each seven-and-a-half fen, Poria (Fuling) and Agastaches Herba (Huoxiang) each five fen, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma two fen, Vitis Concaninata Fructus (Wumei) one piece, Panax Ginseng (Renshen) and Tsaoko Cardamomi Fructus (Caoguo) each four fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus (Dazao) two pieces. Decoct and take hot to induce sweat; if sweating occurs, take warm. It treats external cold-wind invasion and internal injury from raw/cold food, shivering with high fever, dizziness and head pain, limb stiffness, effective for both wind-cold patterns and those with food stagnation or phlegm retention. It also treats spleen injury from diet, or external wind-cold-dampness causing malaria and mountain miasma, which is excellent. For deficiency-cold, add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) and Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui).
For wind exposure, Renshen Su Yin (Ginseng Perilla Drink) and Shishen Tang (Ten Gods Decoction), plus Baidu San (Deficiency-Resolving Powder) act faster.
Renshen Su Yin: Panax Ginseng, Perillae Folium, Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), Pinelliae Tuber, Puerariae Radix (Gegen), Poria, Costi Rhizoma (Muxiang) each seven-and-a-half fen, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhike) each five fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take. It treats external wind-pathogen invasion causing headache, fever, heavy cough, thick sputum/nasal discharge; internally due to emotional constraint, phlegm obstruction in chest, tidal fever, etc. If Lung heat, remove Renshen and add Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin); if Lung dryness, remove Chenpi and Banxia, add Trichosanthis Radix (Gualou) and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren). Removing Muxiang and adding Chuanxiong and Zisu from this formula creates Shiwei Xongsu San (Ten-Ingredient Chuanxiong-Perilla Powder). It treats seasonal cold invasion, headache, and alternating chills/fever. Shishen Tang: Perillae Folium, Cyperi Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Puerariae Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba each five fen. Decoct with Zingiberis Rhizoma and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, take hot. It treats dual wind-cold invasion, epidemic febrile diseases, headache, chills/fever, anhidrosis. Removing Chuanxiong, Baizhi, and Mahuang from this formula creates Sugge Tang (Perilla-Pueraria Decoction), where Gegen specifically resolves Yangming epidemic wind-pathogen. Using it for Taiyang Shanghan fever leads pathogens into Yangming, causing frequent macules/rashes; its universal use today is erroneous! Renshen Baidu San: Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Peucedani Radix, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Platycodonis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Poria (Chifu), Panax Ginseng each three fen, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma one-and-a-half fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices. Decoct and take warm, or add少许 Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe). It treats Shanghan fever, headache, eye pain, neck stiffness, limb pain; Wind-Cold cough, nasal congestion, heavy voice, epidemics, miasma, wind-dampness, wind-phlegm, vertigo, vomiting, hiccups. For Three Yangs' gouty redness/swelling, add Dahuang and Cangzhu; for skin rash/itching, add Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui); for Heart heat with dry mouth/tongue, add Huangqin.
Erchen Tang combined with Siwu Tang clears phlegm-fire.
Erchen Tang combined with Siwu Tang. For Qi deficiency, add Renshen and Baizhu; for excess fire, add Huangqin, Huanglian, and Ophiopogonis Tuber (Maidong).
Buzhong Yiqi Tang treats labor injury.
Modified Buzhong Yiqi Tang: For exterior Taiyang signs, add Qianghuo, Libanosteli Rhizoma (Gabenzhi), and Guizhi; Yangming signs, add Gegen and Shengma; Shaoyang signs, add Huangqin and Banxia, double Chaihu; Taiyin signs, add Zhishi and Houpo; Shaoyin signs, add Gancao and Jiegeng; Jueyin signs, add Chuanxiong; for transformation signs with macules, add Gegen and Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), double Shengma. Tao's Buzhong Yiqi Tang: Renshen, Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi), Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Chaihu, Chenpi, Gancao, Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), Qianghuo, Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Baizhu, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces, Allii Fistulosi Bulbus two stems. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Qi/Blood injury from labor, external wind-cold headache, body heat, aversion to cold, slight thirst, spontaneous sweating, limb weakness. For insufficient Yuan Qi, add少许 Shengma to lift; for wheezing/cough, add Xingren; for incessant sweating, remove Xixin and add Shaoyao; for chest irritability/heat, add Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi) and Bambusae Mesocarp (Zhuru); for dry retching, add Banxia stir-fried with Ginger Juice; for chest fullness/stuffiness, remove Shengdi, Gancao, Huangqi, and Baizhu, add Zhike and Jiegeng; for abundant phlegm, remove Fangfeng and Xixin, add Gualou and Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (Beimu); for abdominal pain, remove Huangqi and Baizhu, add Shaoyao and Shengjiang; for blood stasis injury with pain or black stool, remove Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Huangqi, Baizhu, and Xixin, add Taoren and Carthami Flos (Honghua); if severe, add Dahuang to purge stasis until self-healing, then remove Dahuang for recovery. For chronic cases with downward signs,酌情 add Jiuhuang Dahuang (Wine-processed Rhubarb). For obese bodies, use Da Chaihu Tang to purge. Danxi treated a patient with old genital ulcers who suddenly had headache, fever, aversion to cold; he used Xiao Chaihu Tang + Longdan Cao and Hu Huanglian, taken hot, resulting in relief. Another patient, starving in frost while wading, suffered aversion to cold and hematemesis; he used Jianzhong Tang removing Shaoyao, adding Chenpi and Banxia, taken after decoction, resulting in relief. These two formulas serve as models for internal injury complicated by external invasion.
Congchi Tang and Mahuang-Gegen Tang treat severe headaches like drilling;
Lianxu Congbai Tang: Zingiberis Rhizoma one liang, fourteen stems of Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (with roots), crushed together, decocted in water and taken. It treats Taiyang disease whether sweated or not, with headache feeling like drilling/breaking. Combining with Mahuang Tang is especially good.
Congchi Tang: Seven stems of Congbai, one he of Fermented Soybean (Douchi), Mahuang three qian, Gegen one-and-a-half qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma five slices. Decoct and take. After walking about five li, take another dose; later eat Congchi porridge to induce sweat. It treats Taiyang-Yangming headache with anhidrosis. If Taiyang fever/aversion to cold with rigid anhidrosis, add Shaoyao three qian, named Mahuang-Gegen Tang. Gegen Congbai Tang: Gegen, Shaoyao, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) each one-and-a-half qian, Chuanxiong and Zingiberis Rhizoma each three qian, three stems of Congbai. Decoct and take. It treats Yangming head/eye pain, dry nose, anhidrosis.
Guizhi Tang and Chaihu-Gegen Tang treat neck stiffness making turning back difficult.
For Taiyang anhidrosis with neck stiffness, use Gegen Tang; for diaphoresis, Guizhi Tang added with Gegen. For Shaoyang, use Xiao Chaihu Tang.
Vertigo and tremors, Fuling-Guizhi-Gancao-Baizhu Tang harmonizes Yang;
Fuling-Guizhi-Gancao Tang: Poria three qian, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) two qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma one qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Yangming pattern with only vertigo, no aversion to cold, ability to eat, and cough. Also treats Water-Qi at half-exterior/half-interior, affecting heart/chest, palpitations, fearfulness, dry retching, spontaneous sweating, no thirst. Formula intent: Sweetness of Fuling and Gancao benefits fluids and harmonizes Ying-Wei; pungency of Guizhi and Shengjiang assists Yang and releases exterior. Fuling-Guizhi-Gancao-Dazao Tang: Poria six-and-a-half qian, Gancao two-and-two-tenths qian, Guizhi four fen, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus five pieces. Take six-seven bowls of river water, place in large basin, ladle repeatedly until thousands of water droplets chase each other on surface; use this water, named Ganlan Shui (Gentle Wave Water). Use two cups, first decoct Fuling until halved, then add other herbs, decoct to eight-tenths, take warm. It treats post-sweating subumbilical palpitations, impending Ben-Tun (Running Piglet) syndrome. Fuling-Guizhi-Baizhu-Gancao Tang: Poria four qian, Guizhi three qian, Baizhu two qian, Gancao one qian. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats post-sweat/vomit/purge interior deficiency with rebellious Qi rushing upward, epigastric/abdominal fullness/pain, vertigo upon rising, deep-tight pulse. Being interior, sweating is contraindicated; sweating moves meridians externally, damaging Yang Qi. Yang deficiency fails to govern vessels, causing body tremors, muscle twitching, eventually wasting. This formula harmonizes meridians and benefits Yang. Thus, for insufficient Yang, tonify with sweetness (Fuling, Baizhu, Gancao benefit fluids/Yang); for rebellious interior Qi, disperse with pungency (Guizhi promotes Yang and disperses rebellion).
Depression, fullness, and spirit confusion, Renshen Sanbai Tang and Sansheng Yin awaken the Stomach.
Renshen Sanbai Tang: Panax Ginseng, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao), Poria (Baifu) each one-and-a-half qian, Chaihu three qian, Chuanxiong Rhizoma one qian, Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma) five fen. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Taiyang disease mistakenly purged/sweated, leading to exterior-interior deficiency, causing depression/confusion. Confused patients heal with sweat; if no sweat and unresolved, this formula is primary. For lower deficiency with weak pulse, combine with Sansheng Yin to warm Kidney and secure root. Classic says: To nourish the sprout, must solidify the root; to cut below, must wither the top.
Back aversion to cold: Yangming uses Baihu-Jia-Renshen Tang, Shaoyin uses Fuzi Tang;
Shanghan six-seven days, no great body heat, dry mouth/thirst, irritability, back aversion to cold belongs to Yangming, use Baihu-Jia-Renshen Tang. Shanghan two-three days, normal mouth, back aversion to cold belongs to Shaoyin, use Fuzi Tang. Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Panax Ginseng each two qian, Poria and Paeoniae Radix each three qian, Atractylodis Rhizoma four qian. Decoct in water and take warm. Also treats Shaoyin body pain, cold limbs, bone/joint pain. Formula intent: Pungency of Fuzi disperses cold; sweetness of Renshen, Baizhu, Fuling tonifies Yang; sourness of Shaoyao tonifies Yin. Why? Imbalance of Yin/Yang causes disease; Fire desires fullness, Water should level it, avoiding excess.
Body aversion to cold: Yang meridians use Chaihu-Guizhi Tang, Yin meridians direct strike use Huangqi-Jianzhong Tang.
Yang Meridian Pattern: Chaihu-Guizhi Tang: Chaihu one qian, Guizhi, Scutellariae Radix, Panax Ginseng, Paeoniae Radix, Pinelliae Tuber each one qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma five fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take. It treats Shaoyang forehead pain, neck stiffness, hypochondriac pain/chest fullness, fever/aversion to cold, alternating chills/fever, spontaneous sweating/Yang collapse, delirion/thirst; also Wind-Warmth post-sweat body heat and moving Qi. Or select Xiao Chaihu Tang, Guizhi Tang, Mahuang Tang. Yin Meridian Direct Strike: Select Huangqi-Jianzhong Tang, Sini Tang, or Xiao Jianzhong Tang.
Aversion to wind and leaking sweat, Shufu Tang adds Guizhi;
Guizhi-Fuzi Tang: Guizhi and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata each three qian, Paeoniae Radix two qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma one qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma five slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Taiyang disease after sweating, leading to incessant leaking sweat, aversion to wind, difficult urination, limb stiffness/inability to flex/extend; also Shanghan eight-nine days, Wind-Damp binding, body pain unable to turn, no vomiting/thirst, floating-deficient-choppy pulse. Formula intent: Excessive sweating causes Yang deficiency and insecurity; much sweat loses fluids causing difficult urination. Limbs are root of Yang; fluid loss makes joints stiff. Hence Guizhi and Gancao (pungent-sweet) warm meridians; Fuzi (pungent-hot) and Jiang-Zao (pungent-sweet) unblock fluids and harmonize exterior. For interior cold, remove Shaoyao; for free urination, remove Guizhi and add Baizhu.
Tidal fever and jaundice, Mahuang-Lianqiao-Chidou Tang combines with Red Bean.
Mahuang-Lianqiao-Chidou Tang: Lianqiao Gen (Lianyao, root of Forsythiae Fructus) and Mahuang each two qian, Broussonetiae Cortex (Shengzi Baipi) three qian, Phaseoli Coronei Semen (Chidoudou) half he, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma one qian, Armeniacae Semen Amarum seven pieces, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in rainwater (Laoshui) and take warm, or add Gardeniae Fructus, Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (Yinchen), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbo) for better effect. It treats Yangming body heat and yellowing. Formula intent: Mahuang, Xingren, Gancao, Jiang, Zao (pungent-sweet) mildly induce sweat to scatter exterior cold-damp; Lianyao, Zibai Pi (pungent-cold) clear internal heat; Chidou (sweet-neutral) scatter exterior damp-heat. Rainwater is used for its thin flavor not aiding dampness. If weather is hot or sweating, remove Mahuang add Chaihu; for intense internal heat, add Huangqin/Huanglian; for solid stool, add Zhike/Dahuang; for thirst, add Trichosanthis Radix (Tianguafen).
Malaria-like, red face, body itching: Guizhi-Er-Mahuang-Yi Tang and Guima Geban Tang;
Guizhi-Er-Mahuang-Yi Tang: Guizhi and Shaoyao each two qian, Mahuang one-and-two-tenths qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma one qian, Xingren eight fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma five slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus three pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Taiyang disease post-Guizhi Tang, malaria-like with more heat than cold, pathogen in Ying-Wei, pulse likely surging-large, this formula induces sweat for resolution. Guima Geban Tang: Mahuang one-and-a-half qian, Guizhi, Shaoyao, Xingren each one qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma seven fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct and take. It treats Shanghan six-seven days, fever/aversion to cold, tongue not short, scrotum not retracted, floating-slow pulse, clear stool, indicating non-transmission to Yin meridians, desire for healing, Jueyin malaria-like state. If unresolved, use this. Also long-standing Taiyang disease, malaria-like chills/fever, or more heat than cold, no vomiting, normal bowel/bladder, interior harmony, desire for healing. If interior deficiency with weak pulse, exterior deficiency with aversion to cold, both deficient, face usually blue-white, now red, exterior unresolved, body itches, use this formula to mildly induce sweat to remove exterior pathogen.
Malaria-like, more heat than cold: Guizhi-Er-Yuebi-Yi Tang combined.
Guizhi-Er-Yuebi-Yi Tang: Guizhi, Mahuang, Shaoyao each one qian, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) two qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma three fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats weak pulse, Yang collapse, more heat than cold.
Chaihu-Jia-Guizhi Tang and Chaihu-Guijiang Tang verify alternating chills/fever;
Chaihu-Jia-Guizhi Tang: Chaihu three qian, Huangqin and Guizhi each two qian, Banxia one qian, Gancao four fen, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats half-exterior/half-interior pattern, night sweats, body heat unwilling to remove clothes; also fullness without hardness, only epigastric oppression called "Zhi-Jie". "Baizheng" says: If headache/aversion to cold exist, Xiao Chaihu plus Guizhi is worth a thousand gold. Chaihu-Guijiang Tang: Chaihu three qian, Guizhi and Mumia (Muli) each one-and-a-half qian, Tianguafen and Huangqin each two qian, Ganjiang one qian, Gancao eight fen. Decoct in water and take warm. Formula intent: Shanghan five-six days, already sweated/purged so pathogen should resolve; now chest fullness/mild binding, irritability, alternating chills/fever, pathogen at half-exterior/half-interior. Usually difficult urination/thirst causes vomiting; now free urination/thirst without vomiting means no interior heat. Shanghan sweating brings harmony; now only head sweating, no other places, means fluid insufficiency and Yang deficiency. Hence Chai/Huang (bitter) resolve transmitted exterior pathogen; Gui/Gan (pungent-sweet) scatter exterior pathogen; Muli (salty) dissipate chest/hypochondriac fullness; Paojiang (pungent) secure Yang deficiency sweat; Tianguafen (bitter) generate fluids.
Yindan Tang and Yangdan Tang praise exterior-interior cold-heat.
Yindan Tang: Huangqin and Ganjiang each three qian, Shaoyao and Gancao each two qian, Guizhi four qian, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Yin pattern with great body heat desiring clothing, joint pain, non-dry mouth but empty irritability, meaning interior cold/exterior heat. Yangdan Tang: Guizhi and Shaoyao each three qian, Huangqin two qian, Gancao one qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma three slices, Ziziphus Jujuba Fructus two pieces. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats interior heat/exterior cold; after Summer Solstice, add Zhimu, Shigao, or Shengma, otherwise fear yellowing/macule changes.
Counterfeit fever: Mahuang-Fuzi-Gancao Tang and Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin Tang are interesting;
Mahuang-Fuzi-Gancao Tang, Mahuang-Fuzi-Xixin Tang.
True interior cold: Baitong Tang Congfu has no error.
Four stems of Congbai, one raw Fuzi, one liang of Ganjiang. Decoct in water and take warm. It treats Shaoyin exogenous cold, inability to control water, weak pulse, incessant diarrhea. Formula intent: Pungency of Congbai unblocks Yang Qi; pungency of Jiang/Fuzi disperses Yin cold. Classic says: Kidney dislikes dryness, urgently eat pungent to moisten it.
Irritability, reversal, spontaneous diarrhea, or anhidrosis with insomnia: Huanglian-Ejiao Tang stirred evenly;
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) one-and-a-half qian, Scutellariae Radix, Donkey-Hide Gelatin (Ejiao), Paeoniae Radix each one qian. Two cups water, decoct to one cup, strain, add Ejiao while hot to dissolve, cool slightly, add half chicken egg yolk, stir evenly, take warm. "Maijing" says: Wind injures Yang, Cold injures Yin. Shaoyin disease, after two-three days, extreme cold transforms to heat, Yang entering Yin. Pulse deep, no great heat, heart irritability/restlessness, reversal, spontaneous diarrhea, no sweat. Formula intent: Excess Yang removed by bitterness (Huangqin/Huanglian bitter drains heat); Insufficient Yin tonified by sweetness (Egg/Ejiao sweet tonifies blood); Sour gathers/drains (Shaoyao sour gathers Yin Qi and drains evil heat). So draining requires bitterness, tonifying requires sweetness; this formula combines both.
Irritability, reversal, desire to vomit, or difficult urination with curled legs: Ganjiang-Gancao Tang and Shaoyao-Gancao Tang are simple.
Gancao-Ganjiang Tang: Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma four qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma two qian. Decoct in water and take. Shaoyao-Gancao Tang: Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma each three qian. Decoct in water and take warm. Formula intent: Shanghan floating pulse, spontaneous sweat, frequent urination, slight aversion to cold indicates Yang insufficiency; irritability, curled feet indicate Yin insufficiency. Both Yin/Yang deficient; if mistakenly use Guizhi to release exterior, then reversal, dry throat, irritability, vomiting/reversal occur. Hence first use Gancao-Ganjiang, pungent-sweet to disperse and restore Yang Qi; once reversal heals, feet warm, irritability gone, make Shaoyao-Gancao, sour-sweet to tonify Yin/Blood, legs extend naturally.
All incessant sweating: Fangji-Baizhu-Muli Tang, externally dust with rice flour;
Fangji-Baizhu-Muli Tang: Saposhnikoviae Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Ostreae Concha (Muli) equal parts, ground to powder. One qian per dose, taken with rice drink or wine, three times daily. Once sweat stops, take Xiao Jianzhong Tang. Excellent for irritability, aversion to wind, inability to lie down, incessant sweat, and fire-pathogen excessive sweat/irritability. Dusting method: Baizhu, Gabenzhi, Chuanxiong, Baizhi each two-and-a-half qian, ground, mix with one-and-a-half liang rice flour, store in silk bag, dust over whole body. Treats excessive unstoppable sweat.
Inability to induce sweat: Tao's Zaizao San, externally spread bran on floor.
Tao's Zaizao San: Renshen, Huangqi, Guizhi, Gancao, Fuzi, Xixin, Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Chuanxiong, Roasted Ginger. In summer, add Huangqin, Shigao, two Dazao, decoct, then add one handful stir-fried Shaoyao, boil three boils, take warm. It treats Yang Collapse pattern. Yang deficiency cannot produce sweat; mistakenly using heavy decoctions or fire-coercion to induce sweat leads to death. Steaming sweat method: First burn ground hot, sprinkle water, take silkworm sand, Cypress leaves, Peach leaves, Bran, spread on hot ground about side-palm thickness, then lay mat, let patient lie on it, cover with quilt. After some time, sweat comes from whole body to soles, dust with Gabenzhi powder, go to bed to sleep. Though easy, "Baiven" records Fan Yun used it, died two years later.
Night sleeping night sweats: Xiao Chaihu removing Banxia to nourish Yin?
Shanghan night sweats blamed on exterior heat; miscellaneous diseases blamed on Yin deficiency. Ancient method uses Chaihu-Jia-Guizhi Tang. Wang's method uses Xiao Chaihu removing Banxia, adding Danggui, Shengdi, Shaoyao, Maidong, Zhimu, Huangbai, Suanzaoren, also good.
Winter disease Yangming: Huangqin etc., Shaoyao, Honey Suppository.
Night sweats originally belong to Shaoyang half-exterior/half-interior disease. Winter Yangming pattern, tidal fever occurring at times, pulse only floating, means wind present should have sweat, but cold weather no sweat, night sleep must have...