经曰∶阳加于阴谓之汗。又曰∶汗者心之液。又曰∶肾主五液，故凡汗症未有不出心肾
虚而得者。夫心为生阳之脏，凡五脏六腑、表里之阳，皆心主之，以行其变化，故随其所在
之处而气化为津，亦随其火扰所在之处而泄为汗，是汗本乎阴，乃津液之所化也。
克肖天地名曰人，天地有雨人汗生。时逢久雨天地否，久汗之人病自成。觉来无汗寐时
出，盗汗阴虚兼内热。不动而汗时时来，自汗
阳虚兼有湿。脉细阳弱太阴亏，自汗补阳调胃戢（戢者绝其汗也）。浮麦地芍陈蛎梅，加减归
脾服多帖。盗汗滋阴降火宜，当归大黄功最奇。麻黄根兼知（母）杞（枸杞）骨，前方选用堪
同施。宁神安心药为妙，汗为心液当先知。
卫阳虚（宜镇阳理阴）
陈参曰∶火与元气不两立，气泄为热为汗，以治在无形实火，宜清虚火宜补。
真武汤 茯苓 白芍 白术 附子 生姜 玉屏风散 黄 防风 白术 人参
附子 西 于术 人参 茯苓 炙草 浮小麦 半夏 牡蛎 南枣
营卫虚（自汗）
黄 建中汤加防风根
劳伤心神
生脉散 四君子汤
胃阴虚
人参 茯神 枣仁 白芍 炙草 龙骨
阳虚自汗，补气以卫外，阴虚盗汗，补阴以营内。
柏子仁丸 柏仁 牛膝 卷柏 泽兰 续断 熟地
陈参曰∶津散于外而为汗，此为虚者言。若时证则不可拘泥也。心之阳虚不能卫外而
固密，则外伤而自汗。肾之阴虚不能营内而退藏，则内伤而盗汗。自汗由阴蒸于阳分也，盗
汗由阳蒸于阴分也。
《黄帝内经》说：阳气作用于阴气就称为汗。又说：汗是心的体液。还说：肾主管五种体液，所以凡是汗证没有不是由于心、肾虚损而得的。心是产生阳气的脏器，五脏六腑、表里的阳气，都由心所主宰，以此来推动其变化，所以随着阳气所在之处，气化而为津液；也随着火邪扰动所在之处，泄出而为汗。因此，汗本源于阴，是由津液转化而成的。
人效法天地而得名，天地有雨水，人体就有汗液产生。如果遭遇连绵阴雨，天地之气闭塞不通，那么长期出汗的人，疾病自然形成。醒来时无汗，睡眠时出汗，这是盗汗，属于阴虚兼有内热。不动时也时时出汗，这是自汗，属于阳虚兼有湿邪。脉象细弱显示阳气虚弱、太阴亏损，治疗自汗应补益阳气，调理脾胃以收敛止汗（戢意为绝止汗液）。方中选用浮小麦、地黄、白芍、陈皮、牡蛎、乌梅，并加减服用归脾汤多剂。治疗盗汗宜滋阴降火，当归和大黄的功效最为奇特。也可选用麻黄根配合知母、枸杞子、骨碎补等药，前方可选用配合施用。宁心安神的药物最为巧妙，要知道汗为心之液。
卫阳虚（适宜镇摄阳气、调理阴液）
陈修园说：火与元气不能两立，气外泄则表现为热和汗。如果是治疗无形的实火，应当清虚火并予以补益。
真武汤：茯苓、白芍、白术、附子、生姜。玉屏风散：黄芪、防风、白术、人参。
另附方：附子、西洋参、于术、人参、茯苓、炙甘草、浮小麦、半夏、牡蛎、南枣。
阳虚导致的自汗，通过补气来固护体表；阴虚导致的盗汗，通过补阴来滋养体内。
柏子仁丸：柏子仁、牛膝、卷柏、泽兰、续断、熟地黄。
陈修园说：津液发散于体外成为汗，这是针对虚证而言的。如果是时令疫病，则不可拘泥于此。心之阳虚，不能卫护体表而致固密，则易受外邪侵袭而自汗。肾之阴虚，不能滋养体内而致退藏，则因内伤而盗汗。自汗是由于阴气蒸腾于阳分所致，盗汗是由于阳气蒸腾于阴分所致。
The *Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon* states: "When Yang acts upon Yin, it is called sweat." It further states: "Sweat is the fluid of the Heart." It also states: "The Kidney governs the five fluids." Therefore, there is no case of a sweating disorder that does not arise from deficiency of the Heart and Kidney. The Heart is the zang organ that generates Yang Qi. The Yang Qi of all five zang and six fu organs, as well as those in the interior and exterior, are governed by the Heart to facilitate their transformations. Thus, according to where this Qi resides, it transforms into Jin-Ye (body fluids) through qi transformation; and according to where Fire pathogenic factors disturb, they leak out as sweat. Hence, sweat originates from Yin and is transformed from Jin-Ye (body fluids).
Humans are named so because they emulate Heaven and Earth. Just as Heaven and Earth produce rain, humans produce sweat. When prolonged rainy weather causes stagnation between Heaven and Earth, individuals with chronic sweating will inevitably develop disease. Awakening without sweat but sweating during sleep indicates Dao-Han (night sweats), which belongs to Yin deficiency combined with internal heat. Sweating frequently even without movement indicates Zi-Han (spontaneous sweating), which belongs to Yang deficiency combined with dampness. A fine pulse indicating weak Yang and Taiyin deficiency requires treating spontaneous sweating by tonifying Yang and regulating the Stomach to arrest sweating ("Ji" means to stop/arrest). Formulas include Floating Wheat (*Triticum aestivum* L. emend. Sino-caucasica Novak.), Rehmannia Root (*Rehmanniae Radix*), White Peony Root (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*), Tangerine Peel (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*), Oyster Shell (*Concha Ostreae*), and Dark Plum Fruit (*Mume Fructus*), along with modified Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) taken for several doses. For night sweats, nourishing Yin and descending Fire is appropriate; Dang Gui (*Angelicae Sinensis Radix*) and Da Huang (*Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*) have remarkable efficacy. One may also select Ma Huang Gen (*Ephedrae Herba* root/stem), Zhi Mu (*Anemarrhenae Rhizoma*), Gou Qi Zi (*Lycii Fructus*), and Gu Sui Bu (*Drynariae Rhizoma*), applying them alongside previous formulas. Calming the Spirit and soothing the Heart is excellent; one must know that sweat is the fluid of the Heart.
**Wei Yang Deficiency** (Suitable for anchoring Yang and regulating Yin):
Chen Xiuyuan stated: "Fire and Yuan Qi (Original Qi) cannot coexist. When Qi leaks out, it manifests as heat and sweat." Regarding the treatment of formless excess Fire, one should clear deficient Fire and apply tonification.
- **Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction)**: Fu Ling (*Poria*), Bai Shao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*), Bai Zhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Fu Zi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*), Sheng Jiang (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*).
- **Yu Ping Feng San (Jade Windscreen Powder)**: Huang Qi (*Astragali Radix*), Fang Feng (*Saposhnikoviae Radix*), Bai Zhu (*Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*), Ren Shen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*).
- Additional Formula: Fu Zi (*Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*), Xi Yang Shen (*Panacis Quinquefolii Radix*), Yu Zhu (*Atractylodis Rhizoma*), Ren Shen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Fu Ling (*Poria*), Zhi Gan Cao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle*), Fu Xiao Mai (*Tritici Fructus Levis*), Ban Xia (*Pinelliae Rhizoma*), Mu Li (*Concha Ostreae*), Nan Zao (*Jujubae Fructus*).
**Ying-Wei Deficiency** (Spontaneous Sweating):
- **Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction to Build the Middle) plus Fang Feng Gen (*Saposhnikoviae Radix* root)**.
**Labor damaging the Heart Spirit**:
- **Sheng Mai San (Generate the Pulse Powder)**, **Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction)**.
**Stomach Yin Deficiency**:
- Ren Shen (*Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma*), Fu Shen (*Poria cum Radice Pinus*), Zao Ren (*Ziziphi Spinosae Semen*), Bai Shao (*Paeoniae Radix Alba*), Zhi Gan Cao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle*), Long Gu (*Os Draconis*).
Yang deficiency causing spontaneous sweating is treated by tonifying Qi to protect the exterior; Yin deficiency causing night sweats is treated by tonifying Yin to nourish the interior.
- **Bai Zi Ren Wan (Biota Seed Pill)**: Bai Zi Ren (*Biota Orientalis Semen*), Niu Xi (*Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix*), Juan Bai (*Selaginella Tamariscina*), Ze Lan (*Lycopus Lucidus Herba*), Xu Duan (*Dipsaci Radix*), Shu Di Huang (*Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata*).
Chen Xiuyuan stated: "Jin-Ye (body fluids) dispersing outward becomes sweat; this statement applies to deficiency patterns. If dealing with seasonal epidemic diseases, one must not adhere rigidly to this rule." Heart Yang deficiency fails to guard the exterior and maintain solidity, leading to external invasion and spontaneous sweating. Kidney Yin deficiency fails to nourish the interior and store essence, leading to internal injury and night sweats. Spontaneous sweating arises from Yin steaming into the Yang aspect; night sweats arise from Yang steaming into the Yin aspect.